Advances in Human Biology最新文献

{"title":"An In vitro study to evaluate the depth of reduction achieved by three different techniques for porcelain fused to metal crown preparation","authors":"TC Devikaa, S. Mishra, Prince Kumar","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_82_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_82_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A near-ideal preparation lays the foundation and is required for adequate retention and resistance for fixed partial dentures. It is advisable to achieve a near-ideal preparation for the longevity of the prosthesis. Materials and Methods: Thirty maxillary left central incisors were mounted on the acrylic block. The samples were divided into groups with ten specimens: Group A-Free hand, Group B-Index, and Group C-Depth gauge. Group A was prepared using the freehand method, Group B was prepared using the putty index, and Group C was prepared using depth gauge bur. An index was prepared before and placed back on the tooth after preparation, and the gap was filled with low-viscosity elastomer. The thickness of the impression was measured at five different points under the microscope. The statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance and Student's t-tests. Results: The preparations (dimensions) achieved by the freehand method were 2.02 mm, 1.70 mm, 1.11 mm, 0.90 mm, and 0.60 mm respectively at five predetermined points. Similarly, for putty index these were 1.76 mm, 1.21 mm, 0.95 mm, 1.32 mm, 0.71 mm respectively at five predetermined points. Likewise, with depth gauge bur it were 1.88 mm, 1.35 mm, 0.77 mm, 1.09 mm, 0.73 mm, respectively, at five predetermined points. There was a significant difference between the Groups (P < 0.001). Intergroup comparisons between Group A, Group B and Group C showed a significant difference. Group A showed near-ideal preparation in the palatal cervical region compared to Group B and Group C. Conclusion: The freehand technique was the least effective of the three techniques. The use of depth gauge bur had yielded the preparation near the ideal and should be considered during tooth preparation.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"16 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43881153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis on global prevalence of tooth fracture amongst visually impaired individuals","authors":"Kabir Dash, Anmol Mathur, S. Hegde-Shetiya, S. Kale","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_124_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_124_22","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a significant concern affecting oral health status, and visually impaired people are more prone to these injuries than their counterparts. This systematic review aimed to determine the overall prevalence of TDIs across the globe. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases for the studies from inception till 31 December 2021. Cross-reference of the selected manuscripts was also searched and handsearching was done for the studies whose full text was not available through the electronic search. Grey literature was also searched for the studies according to the relevance of this review. Studies published in the English language were able to be translated into the English Language. For the meta-analysis, studies reporting the prevalence of tooth fractures were included. Studies were assessed for quality with the help of the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for studies reporting prevalence data, and the studies were categorised into high/medium/low quality. The random effects model was used for performing a meta-analysis of dental trauma prevalence as the heterogeneity between the studies was high. The search strategy yielded 167 manuscripts after screening through titles and abstracts, full text and removing duplicates. In the end, 27 manuscripts were included in a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the pre-set eligibility criteria. Through meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence for all studies shows an overall prevalence of tooth fractures to be 31.55%. The present review has emphasised the prevalence of dental trauma amongst visually impaired individuals. Sighting the high prevalence of dental trauma amongst this subgroup of the population, there is an urgent need for both comprehensive and incremental dental care for this subgroup of the population. Hence, oral health education should be provided to visually impaired people, parents and caretakers regarding the prevention and availability of treatment for tooth fractures.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"6 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46119127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of parents' involvement and the awareness of oral hygiene practices among 10–12-year-Old schoolchildren in Pune City","authors":"Sujata Pinge, Saudamini More, Suyog Savant, Rajani Komble, Sayali More","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_194_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_194_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is observed that poor oral health knowledge plays a major role in the prevalence of dental diseases. Our society in its attitude towards dental health has been giving it less importance as compared to general health. Schoolchildren are at a greater risk of dental problems. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was done among schoolchildren of Pune city. Schoolchildren aged 10–12 years reporting to the Department of Public Health Dentistry for preventive treatment were interviewed using a self-designed, validated questionnaire. Results: Among 311 children that participated, it was observed that a considerable number of them were aware of the importance of oral hygiene practices and followed the required practices. Conclusion: Schoolchildren nowadays show good knowledge regarding dental health and oral hygiene practices. This could be on account of exposure to media involvement of schools in health education programmes.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"65 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43470637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of different implant impression techniques: An In vitro study","authors":"Radhika Agnihotri, Saloni S. Naik, K. Vaishnav, D. Shah, Ravi Joshi, M. Bhatt","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_140_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_140_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental implants have emerged as the treatment of choice for restoring missing teeth in situations that require functional and aesthetic replacements. The aim of the study was to assess the dimensional accuracy of (1) the resultant casts made from different impression techniques for implants, (2) implant impressions using two types of splinting material for open tray technique, auto-polymerising acrylic resin and light-cure acrylic resin and impression techniques, including non-sectioning and sectioning and rejoining with the same splinting material. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to compare the accuracy of direct splinted implant impression techniques. There were four impression techniques selected: (1) direct impression technique with autopolymerising acrylic resin splint, (2) direct impression technique with autopolymerising acrylic resin splint sectioned 17 min after setting and welded with the same resin, (3) direct impression technique with light-cure acrylic resin splint and (4) direct impression technique with light-cure acrylic resin splint sectioned and welded with the same resin. Results: Comparison within the four impression groups with respect to distances X and Y with a master model by Tukey's post-hoc procedures shows a statistically significant difference only for Group 1, showing P < 0.05. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the accuracy of the direct splinted implant impression technique with auto-polymerising acrylic resin without sectioning. Sectioning the auto-polymerising acrylic resin splint after 17 min and rejoining before impression making markedly increase the accuracy of implant impression. Splinting with light-cure acrylic resin shows a more accurate impression than the splint with auto-polymerising acrylic resin.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"44 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42114632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usage of naturally available herbal-based products in endodontics: ‘Naturodontics’: A research-based survey of the literature","authors":"Anjali Oak, K. Attur, K. Bagda, A. Soni","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_181_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_181_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Irrigation is a major part of successful root canal treatment due to the fulfilment carried out of various essential mechanical, chemical and miro-biological functions that include the healing of periapical tissues. This way, they reach areas of the root canal wall easier, which are not touched by any mechanical instrumentation. The important factor is to go for the initial and primary endodontic treatment, otherwise known as root canal treatment. The focus should be on using root canal disinfection to prevent infection. The widely used endodontic irrigant is sodium hypochlorite. It has many limitations; therefore, there has been a study going on for many years to replace to get an ideal root canal irrigant! Various studies are being conducted in an attempt to replace sodium chloride with newer root canal irrigants. There has been wide research conducted for several years to use new endodontic irrigant materials in place of sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Many solutions are available in the new age practice of endodontic practice with plenty of advantages. Hence the objective of this study is to conduct an in depth research of such available literature in lieu of usage of natural based products in endodontics. Materials and Methods: By making use of the Google Scholar, MEDLINE and PubMed databases, this study has been conducted. Large data covering the relevant and potential literature, along with review articles in the English language were looked upon. Results: The extensive research of literature resulted in the varied examples of the usage of herbal products in the field of endodontics are pulp–dentine repair, cleaning, disinfection, removal of smear layer, sealer cement for lubricating, removal of obturation material by dissolving it, etc. This signifies that there is a strong possibility for establishing the fact that herbal based products can be effectively be used in endodontics with further detailed studies being conducted. Conclusion: As per the research conducted, “Naturodontics” does have a good potential although there is an extensive need for elaborative in-vitro and in-vivo studies, confirming the same.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"52 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44514952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft with and without autologous platelet-rich fibrin in the treatment of intrabony defectss","authors":"Monali Shah, Rujuta Pandya, Prasad Nadig, Hardi Gandhi","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_109_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_109_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Periodontal disease leads to the destruction of the supporting periodontal structures. Treatment of the disease would include regeneration of the lost apparatus, and various materials such as non-crystalline hydroxyapatite have been researched for the same. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) as a grafting material with and without platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in treating intrabony defects (IBDs). Materials and Methods: A total of 30 sites with IBDs were included in the study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifteen sites were allotted in the control group (nano-HA alone) and the other 15 were allotted to the test group (nano-HA + PRF). Clinical parameters, including gingival margin (GM), probing depth (PD) and relative attachment levels (RAL), were recorded at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. The radiographic analysis included the percentage of bone fill from baseline to 6 months. Results: The intragroup analysis showed that both groups showed statistically significant results in PD reduction and RALs from baseline to 3 months and baseline to 6 months and percentage of bone fill from baseline to 6 months. No statistical significance was observed for GM. Intergroup analysis showed that the test group (nano-HA + PRF) showed statistically significant results for PD and RAL. GM and radiographic analysis did not show statistical significance. Conclusion: PRF with nano-HA gives additive effects in the regeneration of the IBD.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"27 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43339055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the education of medical, dental and non-medical healthcare professionals in Bangladesh: Findings and connotation","authors":"A. Lutfor, F. Jahan, T. Siddiqui, K. Chowdhury, Rahnuma Ahmad, N. Nusrat, F. Akter, Nihad Adnan, Salequl Islam, Santosh Kumar, Paras Sharma, H. Lugova, Ayukafangha Etando, Irin Sultana, Sajuti Sarkar, F. Begum, Chand Chowdhury, T. Mou, S. Nahar, Taslim Zaman, S. Sharmin, Abu Muhammad Mashrur, Rumana Kabir, N. Biswas, K. Halder, K. Basu, Sybilla Ferdousy, Mahmuda Hassan, A. L. Lutful Kabir, M. Begum, N. Khan, S. Andalib, Shaila Munwar, R. Alim, Samia Khan, Neelima Noor, M. Rahaman, F. Kabir, F. Yesmin, M. Bashar, Mohammad Islam, Tania Taher, T. Ahmed, Jahangir Khan, F. Ahammed, Shajia Chowdhury, Gulshan Akhtar, Susmita Sinha, B. Godman, Mainul Haque","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_53_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_53_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lockdown measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic had an appreciable impact on the education of all medical, dental and non-medical healthcare professional students. These included the closure of universities necessitating a rapid move to e-learning and a new practical approach to conducting teaching-learning classes. However, initially, there was a lack of knowledge and expertise regarding e-learning approaches and the affordability of internet bundles and equipment. Materials and Methods: We conducted two pilot studies to assess such current challenges, replaced by a two-stage approach including a full investigation involving 32 private and public universities during the early stages of the pandemic, followed by a later study assessing the current environment brought about by the forced tops. Results: The top challenges at the start of the pandemic included a lack of familiarity with the e-learning approaches, the cost of the internet, a lack of IT equipment and the quality of the classes. To address identified challenges, universities offered support to staff and students. Since then, e-learning approaches have widened the possibilities for teaching and learning at convenient times. However, challenges remain. Conclusions: There were considerable challenges at the start of the pandemic. Several key issues have been addressed with hybrid learning here to stay. The remaining challenges include a lack of ICT equipment. However, new innovations will continue.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"85 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49543697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding periodontal awareness among orthodontic patients","authors":"Prasad Nadig, Hardi Gandhi, Monali Shah","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_110_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_110_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Optimum patient compliance is required for periodontal-health maintenance during orthodontic treatment. The study aims to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practices regarding periodontal awareness among orthodontic patients of different treatment duration that may affect the outcome of orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were grouped under three categories based on the duration of fixed orthodontic treatment, with each group of 60 participants. (Group A - <6 months duration, Group B - 6–12 months duration and Group C - >12 months duration). A questionnaire (total of 34 questions) was provided to each to assess the periodontal-health knowledge and awareness among subjects with an orthodontic appliance. Results: 86.5% of participants were well aware of their periodontal health. 93.9% of participants believed that it is important to follow OHI given by the clinician. 91.9% of participants affirmed that regular dental visits enhance periodontal health. 88.8% of participants believed that it is important to brush more after wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. 89.3% of patients feel needed to visit regularly for follow-up after wearing orthodontic appliances. Only 40.6% of participants were aware of the indication for bleeding gums. 34% of subjects did not know about the prevention of gum disease, and very few believed that it could be prevented by regular brushing and flossing. Conclusion: Results suggested that awareness and attitude regarding oral health are moderate. Hence, it is necessary to increase awareness about knowledge, attitude and practice about periodontal health and hygiene to combat the adverse consequences during orthodontic treatment.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"32 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47286911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health alterations: Glimpse into its connection to inflammatory rheumatic diseases","authors":"Rahnuma Ahmad, Mainul Haque","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_11_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_11_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43440916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive management of initial occlusal enamel caries using silver modified atraumatic restorative technique and resin-based sealants: A randomised comparative split-mouth clinical trial","authors":"Megha Patel, Rohan Bhatt, Chhaya Patel, Kaushal Joshi, Foram Patel, Disha Makwani","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_196_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_196_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recently, child-friendly non-invasive or minimally invasive approach with the primary goal of preserving tooth structure, the best possible has gained momentum in management of caries disease as compared to conventional invasive surgical approach. The clinical relevance of antimicrobial and remineralising benefits of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) along with atraumatic restorative treatment in managing non-cavitated lesions is yet to be established. This research was conducted with the aim to compare the efficacy of novel silver modified atraumatic restorative technique (SMART) sealants to the gold standard resin-based sealants in managing occlusal enamel caries. Methodology: A total of 66 children with at least one pair of fully erupted contralateral first permanent molars with ICDAS II codes 1 and 2 were randomly allocated for this split-mouth study into two groups: Group - SMART sealant and Group – resin-based sealant. The sealants were applied according to the American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry guidelines and were evaluated at the end of 3rd, 6th, and 12th months. The clinical performance of sealants was gauged based on their retention and caries preventive effect. The data were statistically analysed using the Chi-square test at significance level P < 0.05 using SPSS, IBM version 23.0. Results: At 12 months' follow-up, 60.65% teeth in the resin group and 49.18% in SMART group had fully retentive sealants (P = 0.02). The caries occurrence at the end of the study was 8.19% in SMART as compared to 21.31% in resin sealant group and was statistically significant (P = 0.041). Conclusion: The resin-based sealants were more retentive as compared to SMART; however, the SMART sealants were superior in preventing caries. The use of SDF beneath GIC in atraumatic restorative sealants can provide protective effect against caries occurrence in the absence of sealant retention.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"69 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48966155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}