Infectious diseases (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam against carbapenemase-producing <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: insights from the hollow-fiber infection model.","authors":"María M Montero, Sandra Domene-Ochoa, Núria Prim, Eliana Ferola, Carla López-Causapé, Daniel Echeverria, Mario F Ampuero Morisaki, Victoria Vega-Toribio, Luisa Sorlí, Sonia Luque, Eduardo Padilla, Antonio Oliver, Juan P Horcajada","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2396882","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2396882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Combination therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections. Existing data support the combination of aztreonam and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) against class serine-β-lactamase (SBL)- and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) - producing <i>Enterobacterales.</i> However, data about that combination against SBL- and MBL-producing <i>P. aeruginosa</i> are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the <i>in vitro</i> activity of CZA and aztreonam alone and in combination against SBL- and MBL-producing XDR <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The combination was analyzed by means of the hollow-fiber infection model in three selected carbapenemase-producing <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates that were representative of the three most common XDR<i>P. aeruginosa</i> high-risk clones (ST175, ST111, ST235) responsible for global nosocomial infection outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three isolates were nonsusceptible to CZA and nonsusceptible to aztreonam. In the dynamic hollow-fiber infection model, the combination of CZA plus aztreonam exerts a bactericidal effect on the isolates, regardless of their resistance mechanism and demonstrates synergistic interactions against three isolates, achieving a bacterial reduction of 5.07 log₁₀ CFU/ml, 5.2 log₁₀ CFU/ml and 4 log₁₀ CFU/ml, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of CZA and aztreonam significantly enhanced the <i>in vitro</i> efficacy against XDR <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates compared to each monotherapy. This improvement suggests that the combination could serve as a feasible treatment alternative for infections caused by carbapenemase-producing XDR <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, especially in scenarios where no other treatment options are available.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urgent need for enhanced food safety protocols in fast-food supply chains: lessons from the recent multi-state <i>E. coli</i> outbreak.","authors":"Parminder Singh, Ashok Kumar Balaraman, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2422519","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2422519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent events, including a multi-state <i>E. coli</i> outbreak linked to McDonald's, have exposed significant vulnerabilities within fast-food supply chains. These incidents highlight complex issues of traceability and accountability, exacerbated by the high demands of fast-food operations which can compromise safety protocols. This paper discusses potential solutions such as advanced tracking technologies, uniform safety standards, and enhanced inspections to improve food safety. The focus is on strengthening public health protection and maintaining consumer trust in the fast-food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"109-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National trends in pneumonia-related mortality in the United States, 1999-2019.","authors":"Connor P Bondarchuk, Benjamin Grobman, Arian Mansur, Christine Y Lu","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2390180","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2390180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pneumonia is one of the most common causes of hospital admissions in the United States and remains a major cause of death. However, less is known regarding the mortality burden from pneumonia in the United States and how this burden has changed over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Death rates from causes related to pneumonia were determined using the CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) data from 1999-2019. Pneumonia deaths were calculated for the overall population as well as for sociodemographic subgroups. We also analysed changes in death rates over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 2.1% of total US deaths during the period between 1999 and 2019 were due to pneumonia (2.6% in 1999 and 1.5% in 2019). Mortality declined over time for both men and women, and across most age cohorts, as well as all racial, urbanisation, and regional categories. Rates of pneumonia deaths were higher among males as compared to females (age-adjusted mortality rate ratio (AAMRR) = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.34-1.35). Compared to White Americans, Black Americans had the highest pneumonia-related mortality rates of any racial group (AAMRR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.10-1.11).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rates of pneumonia-related death have decreased in the United States in recent decades. However, significant racial and gender disparities remain, indicating the need for more equitable care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polio outbreak in Pakistan: urgent need for strengthened localized eradication strategies.","authors":"Mahendra Singh, Ashok Kumar Balaraman, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2422513","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2422513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The resurgence of polio in Pakistan, with 39 cases as of October 2024, threatens global eradication efforts. Despite progress, Pakistan remains one of two countries where poliovirus transmission persists, alongside Afghanistan. Key challenges include vaccine hesitancy, driven by misinformation and cultural misconceptions and ongoing violence against vaccination workers. While upcoming campaigns aim to vaccinate 45 million children, addressing these challenges requires more than immunisation drives. Strengthened community engagement, enhanced surveillance, and improved security for healthcare workers are critical. To meet the 2025 eradication goal, Pakistan must prioritise localised strategies to overcome barriers and ensure the sustainability of its eradication efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"106-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interferon gene expression declines over time post-COVID infection and in long COVID patients.","authors":"A Gómez-Carballa, S Pischedda, J Pardo-Seco, J Gómez-Rial, F Martinón-Torres, A Salas","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389481","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interferons (IFNs) represent a first-line defense against viruses and other pathogens. It has been shown that an impaired and uncontrolled release of these glycoproteins can result in tissue damage and explain severe progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, their potential role in Long-COVID syndrome (LC) remains debateable.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the present study is to shed further light on the possible role of IFNs (and related genes) gene expression patterns in the progression of COVID-19 and LC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out a multi-cohort study by analyzing the IFN gene expression patterns (using different IFN gene signatures) in five cohorts of acute COVID-19 (<i>n</i> = 541 samples) and LC patients (<i>n</i> = 188), and compared them to patterns observed in three autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematous [<i>n</i> = 242], systemic sclerosis [<i>n</i> = 91], and Sjögren's syndrome [<i>n</i> = 282]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data show that, while the interferon signatures are strongly upregulated in severe COVID-19 patients and autoimmune diseases, it decays with the time from symptoms onset and in LC patients. Differential pathway analysis of IFN-related terms indicates an over activation in autoimmune diseases (IFN-I/II) and severe COVID-19 (IFN-I/II/III), while these pathways are mostly inactivated or downregulated in LC (IFN-I/III). By analyzing six proteomic LC datasets, we did not find evidence of a role of IFNs in this condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest a potential role of cytokine exhaustion mediated by IFN gene expression inactivation as a possible driver of LC.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"35-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142010035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Murine typhus: an underappreciated influence on human disease transmission dynamics.","authors":"Parminder Singh, Shubham Kumar, Ashok Kumar Balaraman, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2421906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2421906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murine typhus, a vector-borne illness transmitted by fleas and caused by <i>Rickettsia typhi</i>, presents significant public health challenges globally. Despite its impact, it often remains underrecognized in health systems. This disease is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fever, rash, and severe complications in cases involving neurological or multi-organ involvement. The complexity of its clinical presentation frequently leads to misdiagnosis and underreporting, obscuring true transmission dynamics and impeding effective management. Highlighting the need for enhanced diagnostic methods, targeted public health interventions, and increased awareness, this review calls for a strategic focus to better understand and mitigate the influence of murine typhus on global health.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"103-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of artificial intelligence in early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.","authors":"Vartika Srivastava, Ravinder Kumar, Mohmmad Younus Wani, Keven Robinson, Aijaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2425712","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2425712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious diseases remain a global health challenge, necessitating innovative approaches for their early diagnosis and effective treatment. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, offering promising solutions to address this challenge. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role AI can play in the early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. It explores how AI-driven diagnostic tools, including machine learning algorithms, deep learning, and image recognition systems, enhance the accuracy and efficiency of disease detection and surveillance. Furthermore, it delves into the potential of AI to predict disease outbreaks, optimise treatment strategies, and personalise interventions based on individual patient data and how AI can be used to gear up the drug discovery and development (D3) process.The ethical considerations, challenges, and limitations associated with the integration of AI in infectious disease management are also examined. By harnessing the capabilities of AI, healthcare systems can significantly improve their preparedness, responsiveness, and outcomes in the battle against infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders after meningitis in childhood: a nationwide, population-based cohort study.","authors":"Emma E Graham, Malte M Tetens, Jacob Bodilsen, Ram Dessau, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Nanna S Andersen, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Michael Pedersen, Kirstine K Søgaard, Jette Bangsborg, Alex Christian Nielsen, Jens Kjølseth Møller, Dorrit Obel, Anne-Mette Lebech, Ulrikka Nygaard, Lars H Omland, Niels Obel","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2399101","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2399101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have investigated the risk of psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders (PNDD) after childhood meningitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nationwide population-based cohort study (Denmark, 1995-2021) of children with positive cerebrospinal fluid for bacteria or enterovirus, stratified on age as young infants (0 to <90 days, <i>n</i> = 637) or older children (≥90 days to <17 years, <i>n</i> = 1,218). We constructed a comparison cohort from the general population (<i>n</i> = 18,550), and cohorts of siblings of participants. As risk estimates of PNDD we calculated age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with bacterial meningitis had increased risks of PNDD, especially learning and intellectual developmental disorders (young infants: aHR 4.2, 95%CI: 2.4-7.1; older children: aHR 1.5, 95%CI: 1.0-2.3), attention deficit disorder (ADHD) (young infants: aHR 2.8, 95%CI: 1.5-5.2; older children: 1.4, 95%CI: 0.9-2.2) and redemption of ADHD medication (young infants: aHR 2.2, 95%CI: 1.0-4.7; older children: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.0-2.3). Young infants with bacterial meningitis additionally had increased risks of autism spectrum disorders (aHR 1.9, 95%CI: 0.9-4.1) and behavioural and emotional disorders (aHR 2.0, 95%CI: 1.0-3.9). In young infants, the excess risk of PNDD was especially observed in premature children. Siblings of older children with bacterial meningitis also had increased risks of PNDD. Children with enteroviral meningitis at any age did not have increased risks of PNDD or redemption of ADHD medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bacterial meningitis in childhood is associated with subsequent diagnosis of PNDD, while enteroviral meningitis is not. The association appears to be partly explained by prematurity and familial and socioeconomic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"89-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV-16 E6 mutation and viral integration related host DNA methylation implicate the development and progression of cervical cancer.","authors":"Chenjun Huang, Xiao Xiao, Wenchao Ai, Honglian Huang, Xuewen Xu, Xiaoyan Zhou, Mengmeng Wang, Zeyu Zhang, Ying Wang, Gao Chunfang","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2391538","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2391538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HPV-16 infection and viral-host integration are the most important risk factors for cervical cancer (CC). The aim of this study is to develop a new molecular strategy integrated both the viral and host genome variations identifying and monitoring CC.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 312 methylation and 538 RNA-seq datasets were collected from public databases to identify differentially methylated and expressed genes. HPV associated virus integration sites (VISs) were analysed using the ViMIC database. From September 2020 to August 2021, the 70 HPV-16 positive cases retrospectively collected from multi-centre cohorts were subjected to HPV-16 E6 deep sequencing and PCR-based host gene (ASTN1, DLX1, ITGA4, RXFP3, SOX17, ZNF671) methylation detection. RNAseq and expression validation (NNF671) were performed in C-33A cell line harbouring HPV D32E. Lasso and logistic regression algorithm were used to construct the CC diagnostic model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive correlation was observed between the average methylation level of CC patients and their pathological features including tumour stage (<i>p</i> = 0.0077) and HPV subtype (<i>p</i> < 0.001). ZNF671 was identified as a CC-specific methylation marker, with an impressive 93% sensitivity. Both HPV-16 D32E mutation and integration of HPV-16 down-regulated the ZNF671 expression. Finally, a CC diagnostic nomogram was developed by integrating ZNF671 methylation level and HPV E6 mutation feature, yielding an exceptional AUC of 0.997 (95% CI: 0.934-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated HPV viral mutations are closely related to host gene epigenetic alterations in CC. Integration of the viral and host genetic information might be a new promising strategy for CC screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"66-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical suspicion and empirical treatment of infective endocarditis on hospital admission - a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Katarina Rosengren, Patrik Gilje, Magnus Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389480","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infective endocarditis (IE) is a challenging diagnosis to suspect and to confirm. The purpose of this study was to clarify how often IE is suspected already on hospital admission, which clinical signs trigger the physicians' suspicions and to investigate if the empirical treatment is adequate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study of cases with definitive IE, during 2018-2019 in Skåne Region, Sweden was performed. Cases were identified by ICD-codes for IE and medical records were reviewed to reveal if IE was suspected at hospital admission and if empirical treatment was adequate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 156 episodes with definitive IE, suspicion of IE arose on admission in 36 (23%) of the cases. A longer symptom duration, heart murmurs, male sex, and lower age were significantly more common in the group where IE was suspected. In the 118 cases where empirical antibiotic treatment was initiated, 98 (83%) got an adequate empirical treatment while in 16 (14%) of the cases the organism identified was resistant. IE-directed treatment was achieved significantly earlier in the suspicion group, median of 1 day, compared to a median of 2 days (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) when endocarditis was not initially suspected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IE is suspected already upon admission mainly in cases with a subacute presentation. Increased knowledge of IE with acute presentation could possibly result in earlier diagnosis and correct IE-directed treatment. The clinical impact of this is uncertain since most cases still were treated with adequate empirical antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}