Infectious diseases (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"Academic achievements after childhood meningitis: a nationwide, population-based cohort study.","authors":"Emma E Graham, Malte M Tetens, Jacob Bodilsen, Nanna S Andersen, Ram Dessau, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Kristina Franck, Sofie Midgley, Jens Kjølseth Møller, Alex Christian Nielsen, Lene Nielsen, Kirstine K Søgaard, Christian Østergaard, Anne-Mette Lebech, Ulrikka Nygaard, Lars H Omland, Niels Obel","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2674963","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2674963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood meningitis may impact school performance.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the association between bacterial or enteroviral meningitis in childhood and subsequent academic achievements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nationwide, registry-based cohort study in Denmark (1995-2021; follow-up until 2024), of children with bacterial (<i>n</i> = 672) or enteroviral meningitis (<i>n</i> = 611), stratified into young infants (0-<90 days) and older children (≥90 days-<17 years), an age- and sex-matched comparison cohort (<i>n</i> = 12,830), and siblings of all individuals (<i>n</i> = 16,810). We calculated mean final primary school exam grades, cumulative incidences of completion of primary school, high school and higher education, and differences between groups with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly all children completed primary school. Among children with bacterial meningitis, young infants had lower high-school completion compared to the comparison cohort (44% vs. 64%; difference: -20% (95% CI: -35%, -5%)). Among older children, high-school completion and completion of higher education were lower (54% vs. 61%; difference -7% (95% CI: -12%, -2%) and 33% vs. 39%; difference: -6% (95% CI: -12%, 0%)), but the same was observed for their siblings. Exam grades were lower for patients than the comparison cohort. Among children with enteroviral meningitis, academic achievements were not notably affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bacterial meningitis in childhood was associated with lower academic achievements in young infants, whereas familial factors may explain the poorer outcomes among older children. Academic achievements were not notably affected after enteroviral meningitis. These findings suggest that follow-up and educational support is particularly important for young infants with bacterial meningitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1002-1014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic disparities, clinical severity and their relation to COVID-19 outcomes.","authors":"Maria Ingeborg Goldschmidt, George Frederick Mkoma, Jørgen Holm Petersen, Agneta Cederström, Charles Agyemang, Mikael Rostila, Marie Norredam, Thomas Benfield","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2684566","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2684566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes are extensively documented, yet underlying causes remain unclear. We investigated ethnic disparities in clinical severity at admission with COVID-19 and their relation to mechanical ventilation (MV), 60-day mortality, and long COVID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of adults (≥18 years) admitted with COVID-19 (March 2020-March 2022). Clinical and sociodemographic data extracted from patient records were linked to national register data. Using logistical regression, competing risk, and Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated risk of high-flow oxygen upon admission, MV, 60-day mortality, and long COVID comparing ethnic minority patients with patients of Danish origin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1610 patients, 39.1% were ethnic minority patients. Ethnic minorities were younger, had longer symptom duration (7 vs 6 days, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and a higher risk of requiring high-flow oxygen upon admission (OR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.12;1.79) than patients of Danish origin until adjusted for age. However, ethnic minorities were not at higher risk of MV (HR 1.00, 95% CI: 0.69;1.44), 60-day mortality (HR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.61;1.09), long COVID (HR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.56;1.19) or related symptom diagnosis (HR 1.32, 95% CI: 0.85;2.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While ethnic minorities presented later and more severely ill at admission with a higher risk of receiving high-flow oxygen, their risk of MV, 60-day mortality, and long COVID were comparable to patients of Danish origin. This was largely explained by a substantial difference in age. Our findings emphasise the need for public health interventions to ensure equitable and timely healthcare access for all populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1028-1040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148229252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue, neurological, and cognitive symptoms after COVID-19 - a nationwide matched cohort study in Denmark.","authors":"Kristoffer Torp Hansen, Christina Bisgaard Jensen, Rikke Overgaard, Stefan Nygaard Hansen, Charlotte Ulrikka Rask, Per Fink, Henrik Nielsen, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Torben Jørgensen, Sanne Møller Thysen, Dorte Rytter, Bodil Hammer Bech","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2684539","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2684539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate if COVID-19 increases the odds of fatigue, headache, dizziness, concentration difficulties, and memory impairment as well as at least three of these symptoms, at <4 weeks, 4-12 weeks, and >12 weeks after COVID-19. Additionally, we investigated whether symptoms were influenced by severity of COVID-19, sex, and pre-infection COVID-19 vaccination.</p><p><strong>Study design and methods: </strong>This study utilised data from the DanishBiCoVac cohort and national registers. The BiCoVac cohort collected information about symptoms through four questionaries distributed between May 2021 and May 2022. Participants with COVID-19 were matched to participants without COVID-19.Three matching samples were created according to time since COVID-19. Logistic regression was performed for the association between COVID-19 and each outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with COVID-19 within 0-4 weeks had higher odds of reporting all outcomes compared to participants without COVID-19. Between 4 and 12 weeks after COVID-19, the odds of symptoms were also higher, although attenuated. After 12 weeks, participants with COVID-19 also had higher odds of symptoms except for concentration difficulties compared to those without COVID-19. Odds for symptoms were highest for participants reporting severe infection. Prior COVID-19 vaccination might weaken the association while no clear modification was found for sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants with COVID-19 had higher odds of all outcomes, especially within the first 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, the ORs were attenuated but still indicated an association for all outcomes except concentration difficulties. Individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 tended to report fewer symptoms after COVID-19. Participants with severe COVID-19 had the highest odds of symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1015-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148229258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interval before recognition: detection latency as the tractable variable in bioevent preparedness.","authors":"M Ángeles Peña, Antonio Peña-Fernández, Borja Martínez-Alonso, Guillermo Torrado, José María Machuca","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2717130","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2717130","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1071-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148835350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hantavirus infection and surveillance needs in South Asia.","authors":"Ankit Kumar Singh, Yogendra Shah, Krishna Prasad Acharya","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2724015","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2724015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1075-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-resistant abdominal tuberculosis in children: dilemmas and difficulties.","authors":"Manjit Kaur, Anshu Srivastava, Richa Mishra, Moinak Sen Sarma, Ujjal Poddar, Rajanikant R Yadav","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2686251","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2686251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-resistant abdominal tuberculosis (DR-ATB) is suspected in subjects with non-response to standard therapy despite good compliance. Literature is scarce in children. We studied symptoms, yield of investigations, management and outcome of DR-ATB in children. The electronic database of children (<18 years) diagnosed with DR-ATB over last 15 years was analysed retrospectively and clinical profile, investigations, treatment and outcome were noted. Samples were subjected to microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay, culture, second-line drug susceptibility test (SL-DST) by line probe assay and histology. DR-TB was classified as per guidelines. Thirteen girls (median age: 15 years) presented with anorexia (12, 92%), fever (11, 85%), weight-loss (11, 85%), abdominal pain (11, 85%), lump (6, 46%), intestinal obstruction (5, 38%) and perforation (6, 46%). Imaging showed necrotic lymph-nodes (11, 85%), bowel thickening (9, 69%), ascites (8, 62%), omental thickening (5, 38%), visceral involvement (4, 31%) and tubo-ovarian mass (3, 23%). All had multiple site involvement in abdomen and had received anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) previously. Eight (62%) cases had extra-abdominal tuberculosis. Eleven (85%) cases were rifampicin-resistant (one was pre-extensively drug resistant [pre-XDR]) and 1 (7%) case each was isoniazid mono-resistant and probable XDR-TB. ATT was given for 24 (10-42) months, 11 (85%) responded, one succumbed and one was lost to follow-up. Adverse events occurred in five (38%) cases. In conclusion, rifampicin-resistance accounted for 85% of all DR-ATB. Majority of the patients with DR-ATB were adolescent females with past history of ATT, large necrotic lymph-nodes and multiple site involvement in abdomen. Majority showed good response to therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1041-1052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paired serological testing of rubella IgG: monitoring antibody stability over time.","authors":"Mona Katrine Alberthe Holm, Xiaohui Chen Nielsen, Ram Benny Dessau","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2689018","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2689018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rubella immunity plays a key role in preventing congenital rubella syndrome, but longitudinal data on antibody stability remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate rubella IgG seroprevalence, seroconversion, and changes in rubella IgG concentrations over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2,022 consecutive individuals from Region Zealand, Denmark, each with at least two serum samples submitted for routine rubella IgG testing between 11 September 2018 and 30 May 2025. Pairedsamples from each individual were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, 88.6% of participants were seropositive, increasing to 90.6% at follow-up. The cohort was predominantly female (99.4%) and mean age at first sample was 29.8 years. Among initially seronegative individuals, 75 seroconverted, while 34 individuals initially seropositive seroreverted. Median IgG levels among seroconverts were 23.5 IU/mL (range 10-350 IU/mL). Individuals who remained seropositive showed a modest yet statistically significant median decrease of 8.4% between the first and second samples (Hodges-Lehmann ratio = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.91-0.93, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), with minimal association between antibody change and time interval (Spearman's ρ = -0.058, <i>p</i> = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this cohort of routinely tested individuals, rubella IgG levels remained broadly stable, indicating sustained rubella seropositivity over time. Seroconversion and seroreversion occurred in a small subset of individuals, supporting the continued monitoring of rubella immunity, particularly among women of reproductive age. Maintaining high vaccination coverage remains important to sustain rubella elimination and prevent congenital rubella syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1053-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) - Swedish recommendation for management 2026.","authors":"Jaran Eriksen, Emmi Andersson, Finn Filén, Åsa Haggren, Catharina Missailidis, Fredrik Månsson, Susanne Strömdahl, Petra Tunbäck","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2713548","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2713548","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1062-1070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A decade-long silence: unveiling a case series of <i>Enterococcus avium</i> brain abscess.","authors":"Rosemary Shaji V, Vidhya Thirumalaisamy, Veena Kumari Haradara Bahubali","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2736023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2026.2736023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Enterococcus avium</i> is an extremely rare aetiological agent of brain abscess, with only a limited number of cases reported to date. Early diagnosis and timely antimicrobial therapy are essential because of the potential for significant morbidity and neurological sequelae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present a case series of patients diagnosed with <i>E. avium</i> brain abscess following neurosurgical evaluation for progressive neurological symptoms. Clinical, radiological, microbiological, antimicrobial susceptibility, treatment, and outcome data were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had radiological evidence of focal intracranial abscess formation, with microbiological confirmation of <i>E. avium</i> from abscess specimens. In most cases, empirical antimicrobial therapy did not result in an adequate clinical response, highlighting the importance of targeted antibiotic selection based on culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Surgical drainage combined with appropriate antimicrobial therapy resulted in a favourable outcome in the majority of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accurate species-level identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are important when <i>E. avium</i> is isolated from brain abscess specimens. These investigations facilitate appropriate antimicrobial selection and may contribute to improved clinical management and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2740260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2026.2740260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}