IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"Trend of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections and hospital admissions post–COVID-19: single-center study 2023-2024","authors":"Salma AlBahrani ,&nbsp;Turki Omaish Al otaibi ,&nbsp;Samira Jamaan AlZahrani ,&nbsp;Olayan Abdullah Al Olayan ,&nbsp;Tahani Saud Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Hamad Abdullah Alturaif ,&nbsp;Atheer Musfer Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Nawaf Zakary ,&nbsp;Fatimah Salem Alayidh ,&nbsp;Mohamad Abdullah Bo obaid ,&nbsp;Emad Johar Aljohar ,&nbsp;Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Acute respiratory tract infections are the most frequent illnesses leading to hospitalization, especially among infants and young children. In this study, we evaluated <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection from June 2023 to June 2024 and compared the clinical manifestations and disease severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective review of medical records for all patients with laboratory-confirmed <em>M. pneumoniae</em>. Data collected included demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, radiological findings, treatment regimens, and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 34 patients with confirmed <em>M. pneumoniae</em> infection (18 males and 16 females; mean age 18.1 ± 20.6 years). The majority of cases (79.4%) occurred in children under 18 years of age, most cases were in 2024 with a peak observed in April 2024. Comorbidities were present in 61.7% of patients, and 23.5% had viral co-infections, most commonly, rhinovirus/enterovirus. Clinically, the most frequent symptoms were fever (85.3%), dyspnea (55.9%), and pneumonia (73.5%). Radiological evidence of lung involvement was found in 79.4% of cases, predominantly affecting a single lobe. Of the patients, 14.7% required intensive care unit admission, whereas the mortality rate was low (n=1; 2.9%). Antibiotics were administered to 94.1% of patients, most often, a combination of ceftriaxone and azithromycin. No significant gender differences were observed apart from age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study showed an increase in <em>M. pneumoniae</em> infections and associated hospital admissions after the COVID-19 pandemic, predominantly affecting children. The findings call for continued surveillance, targeted prevention strategies, and optimized management protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of recency testing and linkage to care in enhancing viral suppression among key populations in Guyana","authors":"Tariq Jagnarine","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recency testing, a cutting-edge surveillance tool, identifies individuals recently infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to enable targeted interventions. This pilot study evaluates the effectiveness of recency testing in Guyana from February to May 2022, its integration with linkage-to-care strategies, and subsequent treatment outcomes in 2023. To assess the role of recency testing in identifying recent infections, linking newly diagnosed individuals to care, and achieving long-term viral suppression. This observational study included 120 individuals newly diagnosed with HIV across regions 4 and 5. Recency testing was conducted using samples processed at the National Public Health Reference Laboratory. Of the confirmed cases, 23 were identified as recent infections after verification. All participants were linked to care and initiated on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy. Viral load measurements were recorded at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year. Quantitative data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression to assess associations between recency status, care linkage, and treatment outcomes. Ethical approval was obtained, ensuring participant confidentiality and informed consent. Baseline viral loads ranged from 704 to 1,820,000 copies/ml. Following treatment, viral loads demonstrated reductions of 80-95% at 6 months. By the 1-year mark, 95% of participants achieved viral suppression below 1000 copies/ml. Statistical analyses revealed significant associations between recency status and treatment outcomes, emphasizing the importance of prompt linkage to care in achieving viral suppression. Recency testing proved instrumental in identifying individuals at high risk, facilitating rapid linkage to care, and optimizing treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should Japanese athletes undergo booster vaccination for pertussis?","authors":"Hideharu Hagiya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pertussis, a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by <em>Bordetella pertussis</em>, has demonstrated a global resurgence in the post–COVID-19 era, with the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains. In Japan, the routine immunization schedule for pertussis remains limited compared with international standards, leaving young populations under-immunized and at elevated risk of infection. Despite international recommendations for booster vaccinations during adolescence, Japan currently provides only a four-dose primary series during infancy, without subsequent boosters. This immunization gap possibly increases the vulnerability of Japanese athletes to pertussis. Persistent cough can significantly impair athletic performance for weeks to months, posing substantial challenges to professional sports teams. To protect athletes’ health and performance capacity and prevent team-wide outbreaks, it is imperative to consider pertussis booster immunizations in Japan, especially for elite athletes. However, DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis) (TRIBIK^Ⓡ) is the only available vaccine in Japan, which contains higher antigen concentrations than the internationally used Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis) vaccines (ADACEL™ and BOOSTRIX^Ⓡ): the antigen contents of pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and diphtheria toxin in TRIBIK^Ⓡ, ADACEL™, and BOOSTRIX^Ⓡ are 23.5 µg/23.5 µg/≤15 µg, 2.5 µg/5 µg/2 µg, and 8 µg/8 µg/2.5 µg, respectively. These differences result in more severe local adverse effects in vaccinees and would complicate booster strategies in Japan. Aligning Japan’s immunization policies with international practices represents a critical step toward ensuring individual health and public safety in increasingly globalized sports environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and associated factors from surgical ward inpatients at Shaafi Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia","authors":"Shafie Abdulkadir Hassan ,&nbsp;Mowlid Abdikarin Mohamed ,&nbsp;Zeynab Abdi Salad ,&nbsp;Nimo Dahir Mohamed ,&nbsp;Fardowsa Abdulahi Ahmed ,&nbsp;Farhan Abdiaziz Dirie ,&nbsp;Mohamed Khalif Abdulle ,&nbsp;Abdifetah Ibrahim Omar ,&nbsp;Nur Rashid Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) causes severe infections with high mortality rates and health care costs. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MRSA and its associated factors among patients with wound infections at Shaafi Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Wound swabs were collected from 418 patients with surgical wounds and cultured on Mannitol salt agar. <em>S. aureus</em> was identified using conventional methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the disk diffusion method. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, with results presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were performed to identify associations between MRSA and independent variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>S. aureus</em> was isolated in 116 (27.8%) patients, with 31 (26.7%) cases identified as MRSA. The prevalence of MRSA was higher among females (10, 27%) than males (21, 26.6%). The most frequent MRSA was observed in the 21-30 years age group (13, 24.5%). Patients with deep wounds had a significant association with MRSA (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.042-17.92, <em>P</em> &lt;0.044). Hospital stay of longer than 72 hours (AOR: 4.1, 95% CI: 1.22-13.80, <em>P</em> &lt;0.022) and history of antibiotic use (AOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.17-7.15, <em>P</em> &lt;0.018) were also found significant risk factors. Penicillin was 100% resistant to MRSA, followed by 58% to cotrimoxazole, 54.8% to gentamycin, and 51.6% to ciprofloxacin, whereas MRSA was 100% susceptible to vancomycin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of MRSA among inpatients with surgical wounds is considerable, with specific risk factors such as deep wounds, prolonged hospital stays, and previous antibiotic use significantly increasing the likelihood of MRSA infection. Antibiogram results indicated a significant resistance to frequently used antibiotics. This emphasizes the importance of implementing effective infection control measures and practicing antibiotic stewardship to manage MRSA in hospitals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and incidence of stroke","authors":"Naveed Akhtar ,&nbsp;Hiam Chemaitelly ,&nbsp;Saadat Kamran ,&nbsp;Sujatha Joseph ,&nbsp;Deborah Morgan ,&nbsp;Ryan Uy ,&nbsp;Muzna I. Lone ,&nbsp;Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra ,&nbsp;Laith J. Abu-Raddad ,&nbsp;Adeel A. Butt","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To define the association between prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and incidence of stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a case-control study combining the Qatar stroke database and the Qatar National COVID-19 databases. Cases with stroke diagnosis were matched 1:1 on demographics, comorbidities, and vaccination status to controls who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 during the same week. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) comparing the odds of previous documented SARS-CoV-2 infection in cases relative to controls were estimated using conditional logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1640 matched pairs, 234 (14.3%) previous SARS-CoV-2 infections were recorded among cases and 399 (24.3%) among controls. The aOR (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the association of previous infection with stroke was 0.48 (0.40-0.58). Subgroup analyses revealed aORs of comparable magnitude among those aged 40-59 years and ≥60 years and those with or without coexisting conditions. Those unvaccinated (aOR 0.43; 95% CI 0.29-0.62), vaccinated with two doses (aOR 0.46; 95% CI 0.35-0.60), and vaccinated with three or more doses (aOR 0.63; 95% CI 0.42-0.96) all exhibited similar protective association of previous infection with stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with previous COVID-19 infection are less likely to develop stroke; this finding is not explained by demographic characteristics, comorbidities, or previous vaccination status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing long-lasting insecticidal net coverage, access, and use: Insights from malaria-endemic regions and Rohingya camps in Bangladesh","authors":"Mohammad Sharif Hossain ,&nbsp;Amit Kumer Neogi ,&nbsp;Ching Swe Phru ,&nbsp;Nur-E Naznin Ferdous ,&nbsp;Anamul Hasan ,&nbsp;Shayla Islam ,&nbsp;Md Mushfiqur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md Mosiqure Rahaman ,&nbsp;Md Nazrul Islam ,&nbsp;Shyamol Kumer Das ,&nbsp;Abu Toha Md Rezuanul Haque Bhuiyan ,&nbsp;Md. Nazmul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Akramul Islam ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shafiul Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Malaria remains a major public health challenge, particularly, in endemic regions such as Bangladesh. To combat this, the National Malaria Elimination Programme has been working to ensure that long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) reach vulnerable populations. This study assessed LLIN coverage, access, and use among the Bangladeshi population and forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals (FDMNs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to October 2023 across five malaria-endemic districts in Bangladesh and 10 FDMN camps in Cox’s Bazar. Data were collected from 1575 households (HHs) using structured interviews. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate LLIN distribution and use patterns among different demographic groups, particularly, HHs with pregnant women and children aged under 5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among Bangladeshi HHs, 97.6% owned at least one LLIN, with sufficient coverage for 93.2%. The use rate was high, with 96.4% sleeping under LLINs the previous night. Among pregnant women and children aged under 5 years, 95.0% and 98.3%, respectively, used LLINs. However, in FDMN HHs, although 98.2% owned at least one LLIN, only 44.3% had sufficient coverage, and use rates were significantly lower, with 65.7% sleeping under LLINs. Key barriers included inadequate LLIN supply.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bangladesh has made significant progress in LLIN coverage and use among its population, surpassing World Health Organization’s 80% threshold. However, gaps remain in the FDMN population, necessitating targeted interventions to achieve universal coverage and further reduce malaria morbidity and mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and epidemiologic features of nontuberculous mycobacteria causing persistent surgical site infections in Bangladesh","authors":"Mosammat Rezaun Nahar ,&nbsp;Syeda Anjuman Nasreen ,&nbsp;Shyamal Kumar Paul ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abedul Hoque ,&nbsp;Meiji Soe Aung ,&nbsp;Nazia Haque ,&nbsp;Tasmia Hossain ,&nbsp;Sheikh Anika Tasnim ,&nbsp;Sultana Jahan Tuly ,&nbsp;Nashid Sultana Ishi ,&nbsp;Iffat Ara Ifa ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al Mamun ,&nbsp;Parvez Arafa ,&nbsp;Nobumichi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are an increasing cause of extrapulmonary infections affecting skin and soft tissue. This study aimed to determine the involvement of NTM in persistent surgical site infections (SSIs) in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Specimens of SSIs (wound swab, pus, sinus discharge) were collected from patients who attended a tertiary care hospital during a 6-month period in 2024. NTM were detected by phenotypic methods (microscopic examination, culture, biochemical tests), immunochromatography, and polymerase chain reaction. Species of NTM were identified by sequence analysis of <em>hps65</em> gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among a total of 155 samples collected, NTM were detected in 12 samples (7.7%), which were identified to be <em>Mycobacterium abscessus</em> (n = 5), <em>Mycobacterium fortuitum</em> (n = 4), <em>Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium engbaekii</em>, and <em>Mycobacterium kubicae</em> (one specimen each). NTM were detected in patients aged 0-50 years who were showing variable durations of non-healing wound (3 to &gt;14 weeks), more commonly after surgery of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparotomy. Resistance to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and clarithromycin was noted for <em>M. abscessus</em> and <em>M. fortuitum</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NTM represented by <em>M. abscessus</em> and <em>M. fortuitum</em> were revealed to be a significant cause of persistent SSIs of various patient groups in Bangladesh, associated with specific types of surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and microbiological patterns of bacteremia in chemotherapy-related febrile neutropenia at a tertiary facility in Kenya.","authors":"Abhijit Ghose, Jasmit Shah, Anne Mwirigi, Charles Makasa, Felix Riunga","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with malignancy post-chmotherapy. Current guidelines for managing FN recommend starting empiric antibiotic therapy (EAT) promptly. The choice of antibiotic is based on the patient's condition, local data on common microorganisms isolated, and their resistance patterns. Of note, there is a growing trend of isolating multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in these patients. In sub-Saharan Africa, there are insufficient data on the mortality rates of FN. There is also a lack of local epidemiologic data on the frequently isolated microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns. This makes it challenging to determine the appropriate EAT for patients with FN. This study aimed to determine the mortality rates of FN in patients with cancer and characterize the isolated microorganisms and their resistance patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective descriptive study of adult patients with cancer hospitalized with FN post-chemotherapy between January 2017 and July 2022 at Aga Khan University Hospital, Kenya. Continuous variables are expressed as medians with inter-quartile ranges whereas categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 90 episodes of FN involving 50 unique patients were identified from medical records. The median age was 42.8 years (inter-quartile range: 31.3-65.0). Male patients accounted for 67.0% (n = 60). Hematologic malignancies accounted for 90.0% (n = 81). The mortality rate was 26.0% (n = 13), with 84.6% (n = 11) having a hematologic malignancy. Of the 90 episodes, 27.8% (25) had positive blood cultures; 68.0% (17) were gram-negative, 24.0% (six) were gram-positive, and 8.0% (two) were candida species. <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> was the most common bacteria isolated. Among gram-negative bacteremia, 23.5% (four) were third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and 11.7% (two) were carbapenem-resistant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found a higher mortality rate in patients with FN in East Africa than in North America. Gram-negative bacteria were the most commonly isolated pathogens in blood cultures, with a growing concern over the increasing prevalence of multi-drug-resistant strains. Further multi-centered studies involving larger sample sizes are required to help develop regional guidelines for the choice of EAT in the management of FN.</p>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"100708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the phylogenetic profile and virulence-associated genes of multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in North of Iran","authors":"Raheleh Sheikhi ,&nbsp;Sara Darvishvand ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shenagari ,&nbsp;Ali Monfared ,&nbsp;Masoud Khosravi ,&nbsp;Mojgan Sigarchi ,&nbsp;Elham Ramezanzade ,&nbsp;Mohammad-kazem Lebadi ,&nbsp;Yalda Haghdar-Saheli ,&nbsp;Pegah Aghajanzadeh ,&nbsp;Ali Movassaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Urinary tract infections caused by multidrug-resistant uropathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (UPEC) strains limit therapeutic options and pose a serious threat to global health. This study aimed to analyze the phylogenetic distribution and virulence genes of multidrug resistant (MDR) UPEC strains and their associated risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>UPEC isolates were subjected to phylogenetic and virulence genotyping using conventional and multiplex polymerase chain reaction methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined using disk diffusion method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 105 UPEC isolates, phylogenetic group B2 was the most prevalent (42.7%), followed by unknown (21.3%), E (15.7%), B1 (13.5%), and D (6.7%) among MDR UPEC isolates. A high prevalence of virulence genes, including <em>hma</em> and <em>sitD</em> (98.9%), <em>fimH</em> (96.6%), <em>cirA</em> (92.1%), <em>fyuA</em> (89.9%), <em>iutA</em> and <em>sitC</em> (86.5%), <em>pgaC</em> and <em>kpsMTII</em> (68.5%), and <em>csgA</em> (67.4%), was observed across various phylogenetic groups of MDR UPEC isolates. Among MDR strains, the highest resistance rates were to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. In contrast, the highest susceptibility, aside from carbapenems, was to fosfomycin, amikacin, cefoxitin, and nitrofurantoin. We identified that male gender may increase the risk of infection with MDR UPEC strains. The results of this study revealed that phylogenetic group B2 of UPEC isolates are associated with virulence-associated genes and antibiotic resistance more than other phylogenetic groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings support the potential of these genes as targets for vaccine development and highlight the necessity for continued regional research to address antibiotic resistance and improve urinary tract infection management in order to select appropriate treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis as a significant cause of uveitis-related blindness: current referral trends at a tertiary uveitis center in Indonesia.","authors":"Ikhwanuliman Putera, Ulifna Alfiya Sifyana, Saskia M Rombach, Johannes R Vingerling, P Martin van Hagen, Rina La Distia Nora","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Uveitis may lead to blindness if improperly treated, yet the data on blindness due to uveitis, particularly, in low-resource countries, remain limited. In high-tuberculosis (TB) burden countries such as Indonesia, active systemic TB is among the leading causes of infectious uveitis. The combined impact of blindness, uveitis, and TB presents a substantial health and socioeconomic burden. This study aimed to assess the current situation of uveitis referrals, particularly, on the proportion of uveitis with active systemic TB and the proportion of blindness in TB-related uveitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 1-year data from 164 newly referred patients with uveitis at a single tertiary eye Hospital in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Active systemic TB was diagnosed in approximately one in 10 patients with uveitis (16 of 164, 9.8%). At initial presentation, blindness in the worse-seeing eye was noted in 56.1% (92 of 164) of patients. The proportion of blindness was slightly higher in patients with uveitis with active systemic TB and those with no identifiable cause but positive Quantiferon-TB Gold Plus, compared with other uveitis cases, although not statistically significant (56.3%, 61.1%, and 51.3%, respectively; <i>P</i> = 0.489). Most patients with uveitis with active systemic TB (14 of 16, 87.5%) sought medical attention due to ophthalmological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Active TB case finding in patients with uveitis, especially in high-TB burden settings, is obligatory to prevent severe morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"100705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}