IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"Prospective cohort study of patient demographics, viral agents, seasonality, and outcomes of influenza-like illness in Mexico in the late H1N1-pandemic and post-pandemic years (2010-2014)","authors":"Arturo Galindo-Fraga ,&nbsp;Paola del Carmen Guerra-de-Blas ,&nbsp;Ana A. Ortiz-Hernández ,&nbsp;Kevin Rubenstein ,&nbsp;Ana M. Ortega-Villa ,&nbsp;Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas ,&nbsp;Rafael Valdez-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Sarbelio Moreno-Espinosa ,&nbsp;Beatriz Llamosas-Gallardo ,&nbsp;Santiago Pérez-Patrigeon ,&nbsp;Daniel E. Noyola ,&nbsp;Martín Magaña-Aquino ,&nbsp;Ana Vilardell-Dávila ,&nbsp;M. Lourdes Guerrero ,&nbsp;John H. Powers ,&nbsp;John Beigel ,&nbsp;Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios ,&nbsp;Mexican Emerging Infectious Disease Clinical Research Network","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Influenza-like illness (ILI) caused by respiratory viruses results in various respiratory clinical manifestations. The ILI002 prospective observational cohort study aimed to describe viral agents, seasonality, and outcomes of patients with ILI during four seasons in the influenza H1N1-pandemic and post-pandemic years (2010-2014).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients from six Mexican hospitals were enrolled from April 2010 to March 2014. Clinical data and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained and tested for viral respiratory pathogens by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 5662 enrolled participants, 64.9% were adults and 35.1% were children. Among the 5629 participants with single-pathogen detection, rhinovirus (20.2%), influenza virus (11.2%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (7.2%), and coronavirus (6.8%) were the most frequent pathogens. Co-infection occurred in 14.5% of cases; 49.3% of participants required hospitalization, particularly in RSV cases (42.9% adults, 89.6% children). The mortality rate was 2.8% higher among older adult participants and those with comorbidities. Influenza H1N1 had the highest mortality rate, yet almost half of the deceased had no pathogen. Rhinovirus persisted year-round, while influenza, coronavirus, and RSV peaked during cooler months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Analyses showed that some viruses causing ILI may lead to severe disease and hospitalization irrespective of comorbidities. These findings may help in decision-making about public health policies on prevention measures, vaccination, treatment, and administration of health care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000651/pdfft?md5=5d5d02a4631a93ab9bb614c4b4d35722&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimate the number of lives saved by a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign in six states in the United States with a simple model","authors":"Yi Yin ,&nbsp;Shuhan Tang ,&nbsp;Qiong Li ,&nbsp;Sijia Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuhang Ma ,&nbsp;Weiming Wang ,&nbsp;Daihai He ,&nbsp;Zhihang Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Vaccination and the emergence of the highly transmissible Omicron variant changed the fate of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is very challenging to estimate the number of lives saved by vaccination given the multiple doses of vaccination, the time-varying nature of transmissibility, the waning of immunity, and the presence of immune evasion.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We established a S-S_V-E-I-T-D-R model to simulate the number of lives saved by vaccination in six states in the United States (U.S.) from March 5, 2020, to March 23, 2023. The cumulative number of deaths were estimated under three vaccination scenarios based on two assumptions. Additionally, immune evasion by the Omicron and loss of protection afforded by vaccination or infection were considered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of deaths averted by COVID-19 vaccinations (including three doses) ranged from 0.154-0.295% of the total population across six states. The number of deaths averted by the third dose ranged from 0.008-0.017% of the total population.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our estimate of death averted by COVID-19 vaccination in the U.S. was largely in line with an official estimate (at a level of 0.15-0.20% of the total population). We found that the additional contribution of the third dose was small but significant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000614/pdfft?md5=7521bcf10d8c196f4a106236b1b3c197&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000614-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141414902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predominance of Candida glabrata in candidemia among patients with solid tumor cancer in Oman: A retrospective study","authors":"Bassem Awada ,&nbsp;Aref Zribi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ghoche ,&nbsp;Hasan Al-Sayegh ,&nbsp;Manyando Milupi ,&nbsp;Boris Itkin ,&nbsp;Khalid Al-Baimani ,&nbsp;Jorge Abarca","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><em>Candida</em> species frequently cause bloodstream infections; however, there is a lack of epidemiological studies on candidemia in Oman.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To address this, we conducted a retrospective study at Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer and Research Center from October 2021 to October 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our study identified 27 episodes of candidemia among 26 patients with cancer, with an incidence of 4.9 per 1000 admissions. Non-<em>albicans Candida</em> (NAC) prevailed over <em>C. albicans</em> (70.37% vs 29.62%), with <em>C. glabrata</em> as the predominant NAC species (n = 10; 37%). The 30-day mortality rate was 40.7%, showing no significant difference between NAC and <em>C. albicans</em> but was notably higher in critically ill patients (<em>P</em> = 0.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In Oman, NAC surpasses <em>C. albicans</em> as a causative pathogen for candidemia with a high mortality rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000602/pdfft?md5=7388cdb4a5c402980e6fce7a42cc8b8f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000602-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalization for malaria in the indigenous population of Roraima, in Brazil's Northern Amazon, 2008-2022","authors":"Mário Ribeiro Alves ,&nbsp;Mary Hellem Silva Fonseca ,&nbsp;Nilma Vitor Sant'Anna ,&nbsp;Ricardo de Mattos Russo Rafael ,&nbsp;Magda Guimarães de Araujo Faria ,&nbsp;Mercedes Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To examine the epidemiology of hospitalized cases of malaria in indigenous people living in the municipalities of Roraima in the northern Brazilian Amazon from 2008 to 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ecological study using secondary data and spatiotemporal analyses based on thematic maps. Average rates were calculated per study period and spatiotemporal clusters were estimated from spatial statistics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 541 medical records, 77.08% were related to <em>Plasmodium vivax</em>. Higher rates were observed in municipalities in the south and center of the state. The rates increased throughout the study period. The analysis generated three clusters.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although Roraima has characteristics that worsen the malaria problem, no studies were found that examined the transmission of the disease in the state as a whole. This increases the importance of this study, which contributes to the discussion in the field of indigenous health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000596/pdfft?md5=7e82103048d6d5a8f74f8b0057330299&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000596-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human T-cell lymphotropic virus screening in France: Missed opportunities? A retrospective multicenter study of serological testing in hospital laboratories","authors":"Olivier Moquet ,&nbsp;Ibrahima Faye ,&nbsp;Nicolas Auffret ,&nbsp;Benoit Garin ,&nbsp;Ségolène Brichler ,&nbsp;Raymond Césaire ,&nbsp;French study group on HTLV testing practices","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 infection is endemic in the French Antilles, French Guiana, and sub-Saharan Africa, the origin of many immigrants currently living in France. There are no national screening recommendations outside of the regulatory obligations concerning donations of blood, tissue, gametes, or milk to a lactarium. This study aimed to investigate the screening and diagnostic practices for this infection in France.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Serological statistics for regulatory, antenatal, sexually transmitted infections (for CeGIDDs (Centre Gratuit d'Information, de Dépistage et de Diagnostic des Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles), which are public sexual health clinics), accidental exposure to blood screenings, and diagnosis since January 1, 2018 were collected from 23 hospital laboratories (two in the French Antilles, 21 in mainland France) associated with 55 hospitals and 22 maternity units.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total absence of antenatal screening was reported by 75% of the laboratories associated with maternity units in mainland France. All the laboratories in mainland France reported an absence of screening in the accidental exposure to blood context, as did all the laboratories in mainland France associated with a CeGIDD in the context of sexually transmitted infection screening. Conversely, screening in accordance with the existing regulations was generally systematically carried out. The most frequently reported diagnostic contexts were hematology and neurology.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study reveals an underscreening of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 in the hospital laboratories of mainland France.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000584/pdfft?md5=d2ccff95b9fc0ecfbfd906165ba8ae4a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000584-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenges of integrating an immigrant population with chronic hepatitis B into long-term hepatology care: Lessons learned from a Bronx West African screening program","authors":"Asli Akin Belli,&nbsp;Fatima Omarufilo,&nbsp;Jessie Birnbaum,&nbsp;Emmanuel U. Emeasoba,&nbsp;Samuel H. Sigal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in West Africa. Because of immigration to the United States, screening and transition to long-term care is a significant public health concern. We describe the challenges of integrating individuals identified in a screening program into long-term care and the spectrum of disease severity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between 2019 and 2023, 749 individuals were screened. Beginning 2022, all were offered a free serologic evaluation. Details of the previous diagnosis, HBV care, the serologic evaluation, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, and Fibrosis index-4 scores were recorded. The results of transient elastography (TE) were correlated with the serologic evaluation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 75 (10%) individuals were hepatitis B surface antigen–positive, including 58 (77.3%) previously and 17 (22.7%) newly diagnosed. Despite attempts at linkage to care, only 14 (37.8%) of those diagnosed before the offer continued and/or entered long-term care. A total of 63 of 75 (84%) returned for the evaluation. Among 56 HBV treatment-naïve individuals, 66.1% had a serologic profile consistent with the carrier state. A total of 10 (18.2%) individuals met the criteria for HBV therapy, and 10 (21.7%) had ≥F2 fibrosis on TE. There was no correlation between aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Fibrosis index-4 scores and TE. Eight (29.6%) of 27 patients with a profile of the HBV carrier state had ≥F2 fibrosis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Integration of individuals with HBV from West Africa identified in a screening program into long-term care is challenging. Inclusion of a serologic evaluation in programs for immigrant communities should be considered. Up to 30% of individuals with a serologic profile consistent with the HBV carrier state may have ≥F2 fibrosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000560/pdfft?md5=289cdd0c59fa4580853dc11d9ef38f73&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000560-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141406489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of ambient temperature with tuberculosis incidence in Japan: An ecological study","authors":"Keita Wagatsuma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Although several studies have investigated the effects of temperature on the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in a single city or region, few studies have investigated the variations in this association using nationwide data. This study aimed to quantify the association between temporal variations in TB incidence and temperature across Japan.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The data on the weekly number of newly confirmed TB cases and meteorological variables in 47 Japanese prefectures from 2007 to 2019 were collected. The exposure-response relationships between TB incidence and temperature were quantified using a distributed lag nonlinear model for each prefecture, and estimates from all prefectures were then pooled using a meta-regression model to derive nationwide average associations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study included 335,060 patients with TB. Compared to those with minimum risk temperature on TB incidence (10^th percentile at 4.45°C), people who were exposed to the highest temperature concentrations had a 52.0% (relative risk 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.04-2.23) higher risk for TB incidence at the 99^th percentile (30.1°C). Our results also emphasized the heterogeneity of these associations in different prefectures. <em>Conclusions:</em> Strengthening monitoring and public health strategies aimed at controlling temperature-related TB may be more effective when tailored to region-specific meteorological conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000559/pdfft?md5=0599dda5eb223537201b9461dafa7948&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000559-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Pakistan's immunization landscape: Progress and pitfalls","authors":"Muhammad Fawad Ashraf ,&nbsp;Safi Ur Rehman Daim ,&nbsp;Hafsa Fayyaz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aizaz Ashraf ,&nbsp;Maham Ashraf","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to assess the impact of the 2022 floods in Pakistan on the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) in flood-affected regions, specifically focusing on areas with traditionally low vaccination coverage.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Weekly incidence data of VPDs from September to November 2021 and 2022 were collected and analyzed for the provinces of Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Baluchistan. The study compared year-on-year changes in disease incidence to evaluate the effect of the floods on disease burden.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis revealed significant increases in the incidence of various VPDs in the flood-affected regions compared to the previous year. Diseases such as pertussis showed a 171% increase, while mumps exhibited nearly a 1000% increase in reported cases. Other diseases including polio, diphtheria, neonatal tetanus, measles, chickenpox, and rubella also experienced substantial rises in case numbers. Concurrently, cases of lower respiratory tract illnesses and diarrheal diseases in children under five years old surged notably.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings underscored the failure of relief and healthcare efforts in managing vaccine-preventable diseases in flood-affected areas of Pakistan. The study highlights an urgent need for targeted intervention strategies, including enhanced immunization drives and healthcare infrastructure improvements in vulnerable regions. The post-flood scenario presents a critical opportunity to address existing challenges in vaccination coverage and to mitigate future disease outbreaks through comprehensive public health initiatives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000535/pdfft?md5=ce76e227726234ac5a3282449e293ccb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000535-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium wolinskyi infection after breast augmentation: A case report and comprehensive review","authors":"Oscar A. Rommens ,&nbsp;Wilfred F.A. Kolkman ,&nbsp;Peter van Wijngaarden","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a case report about a 26-year-old female with a <em>Mycobacterium wolinskyi</em> surgical site infection after bilateral breast augmentation. In a unique approach compared with previously reported cases, the patient was successfully treated in an outpatient setting using only orally administered cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and ciprofloxacin with one-sided preservation of the breast prothesis. We also provide a comprehensive overview of all report cases of <em>M. wolinskyi</em> infections available in the PubMed database until December 2023 and compare the different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000493/pdfft?md5=f42e2e4af45da9d97ef08e519a0ae6cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000493-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141033973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hidden burden of melioidosis in Nepal: a paradigm for the urgent need to implement a simple laboratory algorithm to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei in low-resource endemic areas","authors":"Suraj Bhattarai ,&nbsp;Isabel Klugherz ,&nbsp;Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay ,&nbsp;Ivo Steinmetz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melioidosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacillus <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em>, is massively underdiagnosed in many low- and middle-income countries. The disease is clinically extremely variable, has a high case fatality rate, and is assumed to be highly endemic in South Asian countries, including Nepal. The reasons for underdiagnosis include the lack of awareness among clinicians and laboratory staff and limited microbiological capacities. Because costly laboratory equipment and consumables are likely to remain a significant challenge in many melioidosis-endemic countries in the near future, it will be necessary to make optimum use of available tools and promote their stringent implementation. Therefore, we suggest that health facilities in resource-poor countries, such as Nepal, introduce a simple and low-cost diagnostic laboratory algorithm for the identification of <em>B. pseudomallei</em> cultures. This screening algorithm should be applied specifically to samples from patients with fever of unknown origin and risk factors for melioidosis, such as diabetes. In addition, there could also be a role of low-cost, novel, promising serological point-of-care tests, which are currently under research and development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000481/pdfft?md5=3a2087c1b2cea0eb101f3e3a4744ce12&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000481-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141024665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}