IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100738
Fernand Rwamwejo , Vivianne Umuhire Niyonkuru , Gilbert Rukundo , Eric Remera , Edson Rwagasore , Les Sztandera , Charles Ruranga , Elizabeth Krebs
{"title":"Prevalence and characterization of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) in Rwanda","authors":"Fernand Rwamwejo , Vivianne Umuhire Niyonkuru , Gilbert Rukundo , Eric Remera , Edson Rwagasore , Les Sztandera , Charles Ruranga , Elizabeth Krebs","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Reliable, population-level estimates of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) remain scarce for sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to quantify PASC prevalence and identify associated factors among adult COVID-19 survivors in Rwanda.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nationally representative cross-sectional telephone survey (August-October 2024) sampled 3143 adults from the national COVID-19 registry. PASC was defined as new or persisting symptoms ≥3 months after acute illness and lasting ≥2 months. The prevalence was calculated, and multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with PASC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, PASC prevalence was 34%. Leading symptoms were back pain, headache, dizziness, fatigue, and reduced sexual desire. Higher odds of PASC occurred in women, adults ≥35 years, individuals with ≥2 COVID-19 infections, and those screening positive for anxiety. Current alcohol use was linked to lower odds. COVID-19 vaccination showed no association with PASC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Approximately one-third of adult Rwandan COVID-19 survivors continue to experience persistent symptoms. This burden signals that post-COVID care must become an integral part of routine health services, especially as new variants periodically drive fresh waves of infection. Preventing repeat infections and integrating mental health support emerge as actionable priorities. Harmonized longitudinal studies are needed to clarify PASC causality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100739
Sabeena Ahmed , Mohammad M. Karim , Ching S. Phru , Kamrun Nahar , Amina T. Sharmeen , Mohammad S. Hossain , Pappu C. Das , Mohammad A. Islam , Nusrat Jahan , Khondoker M. Jamil , Allen G. Ross , Muhammad J.A. Shiddiky , Wasif A. Khan
{"title":"Enterovirus 71 seropositivity among children and adolescents in Bangladesh","authors":"Sabeena Ahmed , Mohammad M. Karim , Ching S. Phru , Kamrun Nahar , Amina T. Sharmeen , Mohammad S. Hossain , Pappu C. Das , Mohammad A. Islam , Nusrat Jahan , Khondoker M. Jamil , Allen G. Ross , Muhammad J.A. Shiddiky , Wasif A. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The world has witnessed an increase in non-polio enterovirus infections. This study assessed the seroprevalence of enterovirus 71 (EV71) neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and explored associated risk factors among children and adolescents in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between March 2019 and March 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in one urban and one rural district of Bangladesh. A total of 1207 children aged 0-17 years were enrolled, including 607 from urban and 600 from rural areas. Serum samples were tested using a cytopathic effect-based microneutralization assay to measure EV71 NAb titers. Demographic and socio-epidemiological data were also collected through structured interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 817 (67.7%) were seropositive for EV71, with 68.3% in urban and 31.7% in rural areas. Age-specific seroprevalence in urban vs rural settings was: <6 months, 96.0% vs 38.9%; 6-71 months, 90.3% vs 35.1%; 6-11 years, 92.7% vs 80.4%; 12-17 years, 100% vs 77.6%. In urban areas, having an indoor toilet was linked to lower seropositivity (<em>P</em> = 0.03). In rural areas, older age, lower parental education, and parental unemployment were significant factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The high EV71 seroprevalence in Bangladeshi children indicates widespread exposure. Further research on non-polio enterovirus, including EV71, is needed to inform surveillance, prevention, and potential vaccine strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100736
Asma Al Balushi , Zainab Abdul Hameed , Hasina Al Bahri , Zaina Al Maskari , Ahlam Al Balushi , Iman Al Balushi , Sachin Jose , Adil Al Wahaibi , Amina Al-Jardani , Samira Al-Mahruqi , Mohammed Hamed Nasr , Emily Adams , Tom E. Fletcher , Iman Nasr
{"title":"Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response across Diverse Clinical Settings in Oman: Insights from a Prospective ELISA-based Study","authors":"Asma Al Balushi , Zainab Abdul Hameed , Hasina Al Bahri , Zaina Al Maskari , Ahlam Al Balushi , Iman Al Balushi , Sachin Jose , Adil Al Wahaibi , Amina Al-Jardani , Samira Al-Mahruqi , Mohammed Hamed Nasr , Emily Adams , Tom E. Fletcher , Iman Nasr","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response varies with disease severity [<span><span>1</span></span>]. Comparative data across diverse clinical settings in the Gulf region are limited. This study assessed the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies over 6 months among hospitalized patients, outpatients, and healthcare workers (HCWs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective cohort study, 356 confirmed COVID-19 cases (123 inpatients, 113 outpatients, and 120 HCWs) were enrolled. Serum IgG titers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at baseline (≤14 days post-symptom onset), 4-6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post-infection. Longitudinal antibody dynamics were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model adjusting for patient group, age, comorbidities, and symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Inpatients were older, male, and had more comorbidities, including obesity 54.5% (67 of 123), diabetes mellitus 39% (48 of 123), and hypertension 39.8% (49 of 123), compared with outpatients and HCWs. Peak antibody titers were reached at 4-6 weeks, with gradual decline over the 6-month period after initial infection across all groups (<em>P</em> <0.001). Inpatients demonstrated significantly higher IgG titers at all time points (<em>P</em> <0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Severe COVID-19 infection, older age, and comorbidities were linked to stronger, more durable IgG responses. These findings provide essential baseline data on post–COVID-19 immunity in the Gulf region during early pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100737
Jack Ogony , Judith Mangeni , George Ayodo , Diana Menya , Ivy Akinyi , Ben Oyugi , Arthy Yongo , Fordrane Okumu , Charles Lwanga , Fredrick Oluoch , Simon Karanja
{"title":"Correlation and epidemiologic distribution of emerging coinfections of Plasmodium falciparum and dengue virus among febrile children in malaria-endemic zones in western Kenya","authors":"Jack Ogony , Judith Mangeni , George Ayodo , Diana Menya , Ivy Akinyi , Ben Oyugi , Arthy Yongo , Fordrane Okumu , Charles Lwanga , Fredrick Oluoch , Simon Karanja","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine correlation and epidemiological distribution of emerging coinfections of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and dengue fever among febrile children in malaria endemic zones in western Kenya.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prospective cohort study. This study was conducted in Kisumu and Busia Counties in western Kenya. Kisumu County is an urban setting, whereas Busia has peri-urban and rural settings. All the level 2-4 public health facilities in Kisumu central subcounty and Bunyala subcounty in Busia were included. The number of participants recruited per facility was based on the facility level proportions. From each facility level, 18 and 19 participants were recruited in Kisumu and Busia, respectively. A total of 380 febrile children aged below 5 years who screened positive for malaria and/or dengue virus and whose parents/guardians gave consent to participate were recruited. Demographic parameters were simultaneously analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 1004 participants screened, 380 turned seropositive for either malaria or dengue or coinfected. The overall disease burden was 37.8% (380 of 1004). The prevalence of <em>P. falciparum</em>, dengue and coinfections were 21.4% (215 of 1004), 8.9% (90 of 1004), and 7.5% (75 of 1004), respectively. Busia had the highest <em>P. falciparum–</em>only infections (31% [118 of 380]), whereas Kisumu had the highest dengue-only infections (16.6% [63 of 380]). The distribution of these diseases was not random across the counties but rather associated with the location (X² = 19.45, <em>P</em> <0.001). At the county level, differences in prevalence were statistically significant for dengue (<em>P</em> = 0.038) and malaria (<em>P</em> <0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study finding is suggestive of an active spread of dengue virus infections, leading to coinfections in this geographical region where malaria is endemic. The high temperatures, precipitation, and humidity experienced around Lake Victoria is favoring mosquito vector multiplication, hence the sustained mosquito transmitted disease burden. It is also important to educate clinicians on the differential diagnoses for appropriate case management because the disease patterns vary meaningfully between the two study sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100732
Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji , Huguette Tchetgna Simo , Aristide Mounchili-Njifon , Moise Henri Moumbeket-Yifomnjou , Lionel Franklin Djomo , Damaris Ngo Yabi , Justine Gwendolyne Odi , Gisèle Liliane Machuetum , Abanda Njei Ngu , Richard Njouom
{"title":"Viral hepatitis as a differential diagnosis of yellow fever suspected cases in Cameroon: Prevalence and molecular characterization","authors":"Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji , Huguette Tchetgna Simo , Aristide Mounchili-Njifon , Moise Henri Moumbeket-Yifomnjou , Lionel Franklin Djomo , Damaris Ngo Yabi , Justine Gwendolyne Odi , Gisèle Liliane Machuetum , Abanda Njei Ngu , Richard Njouom","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of viral hepatitis among clinical cases of acute febrile jaundice initially suspected to be yellow fever (YF).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study on YF-negative suspected samples collected between September 2024 and January 2025. The pentaplex polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect five hepatotropic viruses. All detected viruses were genotyped, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 404 participants tested, viral hepatitis was diagnosed in 107 (26.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.4–31.0%). The proportions were: hepatitis A virus (HAV) 70.1% (75/107), hepatitis B virus (HBV) 23.4% (25/107), hepatitis C virus (HCV) 3.7% (4/107), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) 2.8% (3/107). No sample was positive for hepatitis D virus, and no dual viral infections were detected. HAV was most common in patients under 15 years of age, while HBV was most common in patients aged over 15. The genotypes identified were HAV-IB and HAV-IIA, HBV-A and E, HCV-1 and HCV-4, and HEV-4.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study shows that viral hepatitis plays a key role in acute febrile jaundice cases, which are often attributed to the YF virus in Cameroon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100733
Anas Khan , Fahad Alamri , Reem Hasan , Mariyyah Alburayh , Ghadah Alsaleh , Areej Alshamrani , Hala Aljishi , Jaffar Al-Tawfiq
{"title":"Prevalence of cough and associated symptoms among pilgrims in large mass gathering event 2024: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Anas Khan , Fahad Alamri , Reem Hasan , Mariyyah Alburayh , Ghadah Alsaleh , Areej Alshamrani , Hala Aljishi , Jaffar Al-Tawfiq","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Large mass gathering events significantly increase the risk of infectious disease transmission, particularly respiratory infections, due to unavoidable overcrowding and exposure to airborne pathogens. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence of cough, its duration, and associated symptoms during the religious mass gathering event among pilgrims in the 2024 Hajj season.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted during Hajj in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, in 2024. A face-to-face random interview utilizing a structured questionnaire was employed to collect data from 2,913 pilgrims, who were randomly selected as participants and were at least 18 years old. Baseline demographic data and clinical characteristics were compiled using descriptive statistics. Continuous variables were presented as means and standard deviations, while categorical data were illustrated as counts and percentages.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2913 Hajj pilgrims, the average age was 53.9 ± 11.8 years, and 1,173 (40.4%) reported cough symptoms. The highest prevalence was in the 50–64 age group (60.7%). Chronic diseases were significantly more common in patients with cough (53.3%). Diabetes (357 cases) and hypertension (330 cases) were the most common conditions. Of the 1,173 participants with cough, 10.3% reported no associated symptoms, while sore throat (30.8%) was the most common. Logistic regression confirmed chronic disease, nationality, and age as significant predictors of cough.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A significant number of cough symptoms were reported, with the highest incidence in older adults. Additionally, notable associations were identified between cough and pre-existing health conditions, particularly diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic heart disease, and asthma.. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of cough and its related symptoms or use of medications in mass gatherings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100726
Jian Zeng , Haitao Su , Jin Wang , Jiaohong Zhang , Shuihua Lu , Mutong Fang
{"title":"Clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes of pediatric tuberculosis in a tertiary care center in China: a 10-year retrospective cohort","authors":"Jian Zeng , Haitao Su , Jin Wang , Jiaohong Zhang , Shuihua Lu , Mutong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the clinical features and prognostic outcomes of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) in Shenzhen.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study collected demographic, clinical, laboratory, and prognostic data from pediatric patients diagnosed with TB between January 2013 and January 2023. Multivariable regression identified risk factors for loss to follow-up and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 358 children were included, and distinct age-related patterns were observed. Younger children had more extrapulmonary TB, whereas older children were more likely to develop pulmonary cavities. Nearly half (47.6%) of the children aged 0-1 years were household contacts of patients with TB, but none of the children had received TB preventive treatment before disease onset. Infants showed the highest rates of drug-induced liver injury (31%) and mortality (13.3%). Microbiological diagnosis was associated with reduced risk of loss to follow-up before treatment completion (hazard ratio 0.463, 95% confidence interval 0.248-0.863, <em>P</em> = 0.015). Tuberculous meningitis significantly increased mortality risk (hazard ratio 10.830, 95% confidence interval 1.214-96.645, <em>P</em> = 0.033).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pediatric TB presents with diverse clinical features across age groups. Early microbiological diagnosis and attention to high-risk populations, especially infants and those with TB meningitis, are essential for improving treatment outcomes. TB preventive treatment in exposed children remains critically underused.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100725
Aldaíza Marcos Ribeiro , Lohanna Valeska de Sousa Tavares , Nerci de Sá Cavalcante Ciarlini , Renan do Vale Farias Torres , Virgínia Maria Ramos Sampaio , Ana Rebeca de Sousa Ponce , Paulo Henrique Soares Peixoto , Mônica Fernandes Magela , Marília de Andrade Bomfim , Diane de Castro Oliveira , Verônica Furtado Alves , Maria Líllian Maia Fernandes , Karene Ferreira Cavalcante , Stephany Arruda Santos , Thais Magalhães de Freitas
{"title":"An outbreak of salmonellosis in a pediatric hospital in Brazil","authors":"Aldaíza Marcos Ribeiro , Lohanna Valeska de Sousa Tavares , Nerci de Sá Cavalcante Ciarlini , Renan do Vale Farias Torres , Virgínia Maria Ramos Sampaio , Ana Rebeca de Sousa Ponce , Paulo Henrique Soares Peixoto , Mônica Fernandes Magela , Marília de Andrade Bomfim , Diane de Castro Oliveira , Verônica Furtado Alves , Maria Líllian Maia Fernandes , Karene Ferreira Cavalcante , Stephany Arruda Santos , Thais Magalhães de Freitas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe cases of salmonellosis during a hospital outbreak in a tertiary pediatric hospital in Brazil and the measures implemented to identify the source and block the transmission chain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective, descriptive study of a series of pediatric cases with identification of <em>Salmonella</em> in clinical specimens by molecular biology and/or culture, between July and September 2023, in different sectors of a tertiary pediatric hospital. Data were collected from the Hospital Infection Control Service database, and epidemiologic variables were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 24 patients with salmonellosis were identified, 20 of whom were diagnosed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. In 17 samples, <em>Salmonella enterica</em> subsp. <em>enterica</em> and eight serotypes were found. A total 14 cases were classified as nosocomial infections, the majority occurred in children under 1 year of age, 85% presented only gastroenteritis, and 15% bacteremia and/or focal infection. The epidemic curve of cases did not show a common source pattern and there was no evidence of food contamination. Audits were carried out in the nutrition and dairy sector and water and milk samples were collected with no contamination results. Of the water samples collected from drinking fountains in the care areas, two detected <em>Salmonella</em> on one of the hospital floors. Measures were implemented to block the outbreak, such as hand hygiene, good practices, food hygiene, and cleaning and changing water fountains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The outbreak was controlled, showing the importance of a rapid investigation and analysis of the possible causes of an infection outbreak by a multidisciplinary team so that control measures can be taken quickly and effectively. To prevent an outbreak of infection, adherence to hand hygiene and good clinical practices are essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100722
Krizia Joy A. Co , Paul Sherwin O. Tarnate , Mary Anne R. Castor , Anna Lisa T. Ong-Lim
{"title":"Public health response to immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived poliovirus during a poliovirus outbreak in the Philippines: a case report","authors":"Krizia Joy A. Co , Paul Sherwin O. Tarnate , Mary Anne R. Castor , Anna Lisa T. Ong-Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) was detected in the stool of a 5-year-old male patient with combined immunodeficiency. The patient presented in August 2019 with chronic diarrhea, fever, and generalized weakness. This case was identified concurrently with the 2019-2020 poliovirus outbreak in the Philippines. Antiviral therapy with pocapavir and remdesivir was administered but was unsuccessful in iVDPV clearance. The patient remained a chronic iVDPV excretor until his death in 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144911576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IJID regionsPub Date : 2025-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100724
Carlos Eduardo da Silva , Pedro Henrique Silva Carvalho , Gabriel Cunha Garcia Capretz , Yasmin de Souza Ciriaco , Wesley Henrique Macedo de Souza , Maria Eduarda Figueiredo Severiano Alves , Breno Medeiros Borges , Gustavo Machado Ribeiro , Mateus Henrique do Carmo , Milena Cristina Faria Abreu , Eunice Higuchi , João Pádua Manzano , Patrícia Candido , Sabrina T. Reis
{"title":"Profile of antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens in urinary tract infections: An analysis of 1117 hospitalized patients in Brazil","authors":"Carlos Eduardo da Silva , Pedro Henrique Silva Carvalho , Gabriel Cunha Garcia Capretz , Yasmin de Souza Ciriaco , Wesley Henrique Macedo de Souza , Maria Eduarda Figueiredo Severiano Alves , Breno Medeiros Borges , Gustavo Machado Ribeiro , Mateus Henrique do Carmo , Milena Cristina Faria Abreu , Eunice Higuchi , João Pádua Manzano , Patrícia Candido , Sabrina T. Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections worldwide, with <em>Escherichia coli</em> being the predominant pathogen, particularly, in women. The rise of antimicrobial resistance, especially due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing <em>E. coli</em>, has significantly limited treatment options, posing a serious public health concern. Rational antibiotic use and continuous monitoring of resistance patterns are essential to address this challenge. To evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of uropathogens isolated from patients diagnosed with UTI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was an observational, longitudinal, and analytical study conducted between April 2024 and January 2025, including 1171 patients diagnosed with UTI at a private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Data were extracted from medical records and included demographics, comorbidities, antibiotic use, and laboratory results. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, applying Student’s <em>t</em>-test and chi-square test, with <em>P</em> <0.05 considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study population consisted of 894 women and 223 men, with a mean age of 41.9 ± 14.15 years. Gram-negative bacteria were predominant, with <em>E. coli</em> being the most frequently isolated pathogen. High resistance rates were observed against commonly used antibiotics, particularly β-lactams and quinolones. A significant association was found between higher body mass index and antimicrobial resistance, as well as elevated serum urea levels in resistant cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight a pattern of antimicrobial resistance in intensive care unit pathogens. These results highlight the need for antimicrobial stewardship, surveillance programs, and individualized therapeutic strategies based on local resistance profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144911575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}