IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"The first report of Ignatzschineria indica, Ignatzschineria ureiclastica and Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica Bacteremia in two patients with fly larvae-infested wounds in Scandinavia","authors":"Rie Jul Christiansen ,&nbsp;Caius Mortensen ,&nbsp;Wojciech Cebula ,&nbsp;Asta Lili Laugesen ,&nbsp;Jacob Fyhring Mortensen ,&nbsp;Michael Kemp ,&nbsp;Anne Line Engsbro","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the first Scandinavian cases of bacteremia caused by <em>Ignatzschineria indica, I. ureiclastica</em>, and <em>Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica</em>. Two patients with fly larvae-infested wounds were admitted to a Danish hospital in the summer of 2024. The first patient, a 62-year-old male with alcohol overuse and septic shock, had <em>W. chitiniclastica</em> and <em>I. ureiclastica</em> bacteremia, managed with piperacillin/tazobactam and ciprofloxacin. The second, a 67-year-old diabetic male with peripheral vascular disease, had <em>I. indica</em> bacteremia requiring below-knee amputation and targeted antibiotics. Both isolates were identified via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and whole-genome sequencing, with antibiotic “susceptibility testing” guiding therapy. Despite severe presentations, both patients survived. These cases highlight the emergence of these pathogens in Northern Europe and reinforce the importance of advanced diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies in myiasis-associated sepsis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine Uptake and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Women in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Amina Abukar Abdulle ,&nbsp;Shafie Abdulkadir Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Maternal and neonatal tetanus (MNT) remains a major public health concern in Somalia, where health infrastructure is still recovering. Despite the availability of a safe and effective tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine, coverage remains low. This study aimed to identify factors influencing TT vaccine uptake among reproductive-age women in Mogadishu, Somalia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2025 in Mogadishu, Somalia. A two-stage cluster sampling technique combined with systematic random sampling was used to select 350 households. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire, and the primary outcome was adherence to at least two doses of the TT vaccine during pregnancy. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of TT vaccine uptake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 350 women participated in the study. Coverage of the TT vaccine was low, with only 19.7% receiving two or more doses during their last pregnancy. Multivariate analysis showed that women aged 36-49 years were more likely to be protected compared to those aged 15-25 years (AOR = 6.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74-25.21; <em>P</em> = 0.006). Planned pregnancy was associated with higher protection (AOR = 8.35; 95% CI: 3.25-21.45; <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). Attendance at health centers for antenatal care (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.18-0.69; <em>P</em> = 0.002), visits by health extension workers (AOR = 8.13; 95% CI: 4.35-15.22; <em>P</em> &lt;0.001), and good behavior of health workers (AOR = 3.48; 95% CI: 1.15-10.46; <em>P</em> = 0.027) were positively associated with TT protection. Women from households with a monthly income below 57 US$ were significantly less likely to be protected (AOR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01-0.22; <em>P</em> &lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TT vaccination coverage among women was low. Older age, planned pregnancy, antenatal care at health centers, visits by health extension workers, and good behavior of health workers were associated with higher protection, while low household income was linked to lower uptake. Strengthening targeted interventions is needed to improve TT coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections among patients with suspected or confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis\" [IJID Reg 16 (2025) 100692]","authors":"Deresse Daka ,&nbsp;Belay Tessema ,&nbsp;Awelani Mutshembele ,&nbsp;Amir Alelign ,&nbsp;Wubet Birhan ,&nbsp;Baye Gelaw","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147538802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring HIV care disparities among foreigners in Taiwan: Insights from a multicenter study (2017-2023)","authors":"Sung-Hsi Huang ,&nbsp;Shu-Ying Chang ,&nbsp;Bo-Huang Liou ,&nbsp;Chia-Jui Yang ,&nbsp;Po-Liang Lu ,&nbsp;Luo-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Mei-Hui Lee ,&nbsp;Pei-Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Chi-Ying Lin ,&nbsp;Chung-Yu Shih ,&nbsp;Pei-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Mao-Song Tsai ,&nbsp;Yuan-Ti Lee ,&nbsp;Chien-Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Shu-Hsing Cheng ,&nbsp;Chien-Ching Hung ,&nbsp;Taiwan HIV Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The proportion of foreigners among newly diagnosed people with HIV in Taiwan has steadily increased. We evaluated HIV care quality indices among foreigners with HIV (FWH) and explored associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>FWH who first sought care at 10 Taiwanese hospitals between 2017 and 2023 were included. Information on AIDS at presentation, antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescription, care retention, and viral suppression was collected. Factors associated with these indices were analyzed using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 144 FWH (median age of 32 years); 74.3% were from Southeast Asia. Overall, 58.3% remained in care at 1 year. Among 94 ART-naïve individuals, 47.9% presented with AIDS and 83.0% initiated ART; however, only 42.6% achieved viral suppression at 1 year. In multivariable analysis, white-collar occupations (vs blue-collar or unemployed) were associated with ART initiation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.481), while opportunistic infections decreased the odds (aOR, 0.284). ART prescription predicted care retention (adjusted hazard ratio, 6.03), and government-subsidized ART (vs self-funded ART) was linked to higher viral suppression rates (aOR, 3.817).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Substantial gaps in the HIV care cascade were observed among FWH in Taiwan. Strategies to promote earlier diagnosis and improve care retention are urgently needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival after cardiopulmonary arrest due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis: A case successfully managed using plasma exchange","authors":"Yoshio Nakano,&nbsp;Hiroka Serizawa,&nbsp;Iwao Gohma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis is potentially fatal, even in immunocompetent hosts. This report describes a case involving a 57-year-old woman, who developed fever after a dog bite and initially presented without an evident focus. On the day of admission, she deteriorated to pulseless electrical activity during transport and achieved return of spontaneous circulation after approximately 23 minutes of resuscitation. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials (meropenem) were initiated for septic shock, and Capnocytophaga canimorsus subsequently grew in both the pre-admission and admission blood cultures. Peripheral discoloration suggested purpura fulminans. A precipitous decline in platelet count, schistocytosis, elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, and acute kidney injury fulfilled the criteria for thrombotic microangiopathy, whereas ADAMTS13 activity was normal. Intensive care consisted of red blood cell and platelet transfusions, continuous hemodiafiltration transitioning to intermittent hemodialysis, mechanical ventilation with tracheostomy, and therapeutic plasma exchange once daily for three sessions. Hematological abnormalities resolved, schistocytes disappeared, organ dysfunction improved, and she was ultimately removed from ventilation and dialysis with full neurological recovery. This report describes survival after cardiopulmonary arrest due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis and suggests that plasma exchange may be a useful adjunct for secondary thrombotic microangiopathy in this setting. Early diagnosis, prompt antibiotic treatment, and multidisciplinary critical care are essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal preparedness for uptake of newborn hepatitis B immunoprophylaxis at birth: Implications for preventing mother-to-child transmission in resource-limited settings","authors":"Vivian Efua Senoo-Dogbey ,&nbsp;Sharifa Iddrisu ,&nbsp;Delali Adwoa Wuaku ,&nbsp;Michael Darko Ashaley","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) being the dominant route of infection. Timely administration of combined immunoprophylaxis HBV vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 24 hours of birth is critical for prevention. However, maternal readiness to facilitate this intervention is poorly documented in Ghana. The study aimed to assess maternal preparedness for uptake of HBV immunoprophylaxis for exposed newborns in Northern Ghana and to identify associated predictors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 118 hepatitis B surface antigen-positive pregnant women attending antenatal care in 10 health facilities. Data were collected using a structured 10-item preparedness scale (α &gt;0.70) and analyzed using SPSS v23. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, analysis of variance and multivariable logistic regression were applied to identify differences in preparedness scores across variables and predictors of preparedness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean preparedness score was 3.29 (SD = 0.70) reflecting an overall response between ‘agree’ and ‘strongly agree’ on the 5-point Likert scale. Based on percentage scores derived from the composite preparedness scale, 72% of women demonstrated high preparedness, while 28% were moderately prepared. None had poor preparedness. Preparedness was highest for perceived importance of immunoprophylaxis (M = 3.81) and knowledge of MTCT (M = 3.70). Lower mean scores were observed for financial readiness (M = 2.36) and adequacy of information from health providers (M = 2.57). Preparedness varied significantly by income category (<em>P</em> = 0.032) and family history of HBV (<em>P</em> = 0.042). Multivariable analysis showed tertiary education was negatively associated with preparedness (adjusted odds ratio = 0.13, 95% confidence interval: 0.02-0.76).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maternal preparedness for HBV immunoprophylaxis in Northern Ghana was high, reflecting good awareness of MTCT prevention. However, financial constraints and insufficient provider information remain key barriers. Income-related differences highlight the need for cost-reduction strategies, while the negative association with tertiary education warrants further investigation. Strengthening antenatal counseling and integrating hepatitis B immunoglobulin into national financing schemes could improve equitable uptake and support HBV MTCT elimination efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococci among migrant communities living in Klang Valley, Malaysia","authors":"Nurul Amirah Mohamad Farook ,&nbsp;Adrian Anthony Pereira ,&nbsp;Thana Seelan ,&nbsp;Sabrina Di Gregorio ,&nbsp;Nor Azila Muhammad Azami ,&nbsp;Hui-min Neoh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to determine community carriage of methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA), <em>S. epidermidis</em> (MRSE), and <em>S. haemolyticus</em> (MRSH) among migrant workers from Indonesia, Bangladesh, and Nepal residing in Klang Valley, Malaysia<em>.</em></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 258 migrant workers were recruited for nasal swab screening of MRSA, MRSH and MRSE. Swabs were cultured on CHROMagar™ MRSA, and colonies exhibiting growth were subjected to species identification, antibiotic susceptibility testing and SCC<em>mec</em> typing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 258 participants, 38 (14.7%) carried methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), with Indonesian workers having the highest prevalence (n = 19, 50.0%). Among the MRS, MRSH was mostly commonly isolated (n = 18, 40.0%), followed by MRSA (n = 11, 24.4%) and MRSE (n = 2, 4.4%). Many isolates were resistant to erythromycin (n = 24, 53.3%), tetracycline (n = 17, 37.8%), ciprofloxacin (n = 17, 37.8%) and clindamycin (n = 17, 37.8%). SCC<em>mec</em> types I and V were predominantly found in MRSH (n = 20, 80.0%), while type IV was most common in MRSA (n = 10, 90.9%) and MRSE (n = 5, 55.6%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This is the first report of community carriage MRS in migrant workers living in Malaysia. Silent MRS carriage in pink-collar industries, such as domestic helpers might have local community transmission implications and could be further investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of NS5B resistance-associated mutations in hepatitis C virus circulating in treatment-naïve Cameroonian patients","authors":"Aristide Mounchili-Njifon ,&nbsp;Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji ,&nbsp;Pretty Rosereine Mbouyap ,&nbsp;Chavely Gwladys Monamele ,&nbsp;Moise Henri Moumbeket-Yifomnjou ,&nbsp;Philipe Herman Njitoyap Mfombouot ,&nbsp;Gisele Liliane Machuetum ,&nbsp;Pascal Ibrahim Toueyem ,&nbsp;Simon Frederic Lissock ,&nbsp;Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo ,&nbsp;Jean Paul Assam Assam ,&nbsp;Richard Njouom","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>NS5B polymerase inhibitors are essential in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Although direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are generally effective, their efficacy can be compromised by resistance mutations, particularly in the NS5B protein. This research aimed to identify naturally occurring mutations in the NS5B gene linked to DAA resistance in treatment-naïve Cameroonian patients with chronic hepatitis C.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole blood samples were collected from patients with chronic hepatitis C, from which plasma was subsequently separated and stored at –80°C for molecular analysis. The NS5B gene fragments were amplified using designated primers, and nucleotide sequences were acquired via the Sanger sequencing platform.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis of sequences revealed three genotypes: genotype 4 (38.49%), genotype 1 (38.38%), and genotype 2 (23.14%). The most prevalent subtypes were 4f (22.05%) and 1e (17.84%). The clinically significant S282T mutation, which confers high-level resistance to sofosbuvir, was detected in one patient infected with HCV genotype 1e. Similarly, the C316N substitution, associated with reduced susceptibility to non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitors, was identified in 16 patients, all belonging to genotype 1e. The Q309R mutation was detected in 19 genotype 1 sequences, and the L320F mutation was found in one genotype 4f sequence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our investigation revealed that HCV patients who had not previously received DAA therapy exhibited a variety of NS5B gene alterations. Consequently, future treatment failure may be more likely due to these alterations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100816"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical immunity gaps: Waning diphtheria protection among Yemen’s displaced populations calls for urgent booster strategies","authors":"Nazeh Al-Abd ,&nbsp;Olawale Quazim Junaid ,&nbsp;Abeer Ali Alausji ,&nbsp;Abdulkhaleq Faiz Ben Laswed ,&nbsp;Moataz Anwar Albehani ,&nbsp;Sagir Mustapha ,&nbsp;Omar Bamaga","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluates seroprevalence of diphtheria toxoid immunoglobulin G antibodies among displaced populations in Abyan Governorate, which is to the best of our knowledge the first such assessment in Yemen’s conflict setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study in 390 displaced individuals (aged 1 month–90 years) assessed anti-diphtheria antibody levels through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) and seroprotection rates were analyzed by age, gender, and vaccination status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall seroprotection was 76.2%, with 23.8% susceptible (&lt;0.01 IU/ml). GMTs decreased significantly with age (1.04 IU/ml in those aged ≤10 years vs 0.78 IU/ml in those aged &gt;40 years; <em>P</em> &lt;0.05). Alarmingly, 63.8% of adults aged ≥40 years lacked protection. Although GMTs showed no gender difference (males: 1.04 ± 0.17; females: 1.05 ± 0.23 IU/ml), males had higher long-term protection (56.3% vs 44.0%, <em>P</em> &lt;0.05). Individuals vaccinated exhibited better protection (56.0% vs 35.5%, <em>P</em> &lt;0.05), yet 15.3% remained susceptible, suggesting cold-chain or dosing failures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Yemen’s displaced populations face critical immunity gaps, particularly among older adults. Suboptimal vaccine effectiveness and decreasing immunity underscore the need for: targeted booster campaigns for adults; strengthened vaccine delivery systems; and integrated serosurveillance in conflict zones. These findings provide evidence for revising national immunization strategies in humanitarian crises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100861"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and risk factors among internally and externally displaced populations in northwestern Ethiopia: The case of Dabat and Metema","authors":"Deresse Daka ,&nbsp;Belay Tessema ,&nbsp;Awelani Mutshembele ,&nbsp;Amir Alelign ,&nbsp;Wubet Birhan ,&nbsp;Baye Gelaw","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health crisis exacerbated by conflict and displacement. These factors disrupt health care and create overcrowded, unsanitary conditions that accelerate TB spread. This study investigated pulmonary TB epidemiology among refugees, internally displaced persons, and host communities in northwestern Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from July 1 to September 30, 2024 at Dabat and Metema refugee sites in northwestern Ethiopia. In this study, 1350 sputum samples were tested using GeneXpert MTB/RIF, with culture performed on Löwenstein–Jensen medium. Data were analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 27 using logistic regression, with model fitness assessed to ensure reliable findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1350 study participants in northwestern Ethiopia, 56% were male, with a mean age of 35.29 years. The prevalence of Xpert MTB/RIF–confirmed TB was 102 cases (7.56%), of which 80 (78.4%) were culture-confirmed. Multivariable logistic regression identified several factors significantly associated with TB infection, such as cigarette smoking, recent TB contact, occupational exposure, diabetes, limited health care access, prolonged camp stay, alcohol consumption, biomass smoke exposure, weight loss, and shortness of breath.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated a high prevalence of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> among conflict-affected displaced populations. Diabetes mellitus, smoking, recent TB contact, alcohol use, biomass smoke exposure, prolonged camp residence, and poor health care access were identified as significant risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}