IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"Rotavirus infection and breastfeeding practices among children under two: Findings from a tertiary hospital in Chattogram, Bangladesh (2018-20)","authors":"Muhammad Gias Uddin ,&nbsp;Immamul Muntasir ,&nbsp;Mehejabin Nurunnahar ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hossain ,&nbsp;Mohammad Belal Uddin ,&nbsp;Mohammad Toufiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Samia Afser ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rashedul Hassan ,&nbsp;Nasir Uddin Mahmud ,&nbsp;Md. Omar Qayum","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of rotavirus infection and explore the association between exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and rotavirus-related diarrhea among children under 2 years of age in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between July 2018 and June 2020 in the Pediatric Inpatient Department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. A total of 226 children under 2 years hospitalized with acute watery diarrhea were enrolled. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus. Data on demographics, feeding practices, vaccination, and clinical features were collected. Associations were assessed using odds ratios and statistical tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 226 children, 60% tested positive for rotavirus. Children aged 7-12 months had the highest infection rate (64%). EBF was significantly protective: in children ≤6 months, non-EBF was associated with a 10-fold higher risk of infection (odds ratio: 10.0; 95% confidence interval: 4.81-17.97; <em>P</em> =.04). For children &gt;6 months, the risk was 9.72 times higher (<em>P</em> &lt;.001). Nearly all children (98%) were unvaccinated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Rotavirus was highly prevalent among non-exclusively breastfed children. These findings emphasize the need to promote EBF and expand rotavirus vaccination coverage to reduce pediatric diarrheal morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic comparison of microbial culture and polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in a tertiary hospital, North West Ethiopia","authors":"Meseret Belayneh ,&nbsp;Fikadu Alemu ,&nbsp;Berhane A. Idosa ,&nbsp;Meseret Assefa ,&nbsp;Eva Särndahl ,&nbsp;Ebba Abate ,&nbsp;Olof Säll ,&nbsp;Baye Gelaw","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bacterial meningitis (BM) represents the most severe variant of meningitis, with a mortality rate that may reach up to 100% in the absence of appropriate treatment. The success of therapeutic interventions is depends upon prompt and precise diagnostic evaluations. However, there exists a significant deficiency in the literature regarding the diagnostic efficacy within the Ethiopian context. Consequently, this study aims to evaluate and compare the diagnostic precision of microbial culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodologies in individuals with suspected meningitis in Northwest Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were procured from 400 patients who were clinically suspected of having meningitis and were admitted to the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital (UoGSH), located in Northwest Ethiopia. Real-time PCR, microbial culture, Gram staining, and cell enumeration were conducted at both the UoGSH laboratory and the Armauer Hansen Research Institute in Addis Ababa.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the total patients enrolled in the study, 58% were male. Clinical manifestations such as fever, headache, and neck stiffness were reported in 94%, 90%, and 81% of the patients, respectively, whereas altered consciousness was recorded in 37% of the cohort. The real-time PCR methodology identified 38 patients (10%) as positive for meningitis, in contrast to microbial culture, which detected only 10 (3%) of these positive cases. The two diagnostic modalities exhibited a correlation coefficient of 0.4 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The traditional microbiological culture technique, in conjunction with Gram staining, was found to have a limited sensitivity in identifying bacterial meningitis compared with the real-time PCR methodology. Consequently, the integration of molecular approaches with higher sensitivity, such as real-time PCR, facilitates prompt diagnosis and precise treatment, while simultaneously sustaining the overarching meningitis surveillance framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardizing Vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosis in Uganda: A case for British Association for Sexual Health and HIV 2019 guidelines","authors":"Bwambale Jonani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) significantly affects women’s health in Uganda, with an annual economic burden of 280.77 billion Ugandan Shillings (US$75,696 annually), which is 11.22% of health spending. Current clinical practices predominantly rely on syndromic management or, where available, Sabouraud Dextrose Agar cultures, which cannot distinguish between colonization and active infection, leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate antifungal use. The 2019 British Association for Sexual Health and HIV guidelines offer a structured diagnostic framework that integrates clinical assessment, microscopy, and targeted culture techniques. This review proposes implementing these guidelines within Uganda’s laboratory hub network to improve diagnostic accuracy and antifungal stewardship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Notice to “Anti-tuberculosis drug–induced hepatotoxicity and associated risk factors among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in Thailand” [IJID Regions volume 15 (2025) 100665]","authors":"Sarita Mukura,&nbsp;Parinya Ruenwilai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100734","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global epidemiology and public health challenges of Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus","authors":"Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100731","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis among school-age children in Otamokun, Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"Taiwo. M Jaiyeola PhD ,&nbsp;Folahanmi T. Akinsolu PhD ,&nbsp;Zaidat A. Musa PhD ,&nbsp;Tunbosun A. Olowolafe PhD ,&nbsp;Victoria O. Iwu MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Schistosomiasis is the second most serious parasitic disease in Nigeria after malaria, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accurate, precise, reliable, sensitive, and specific diagnostic methods are required for the accurate detection of <em>Schistosoma</em> spp<em>.</em> and effective control. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of schistosomiasis and determine the presence of <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em> DNA in the urine samples of school-age children (SAC) in Otamokun, Oyo State, Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study involving 165 SAC aged 5-17 years selected through multistage sampling was carried out. Urine microscopy was carried out to detect <em>S. haematobium</em> eggs, and <em>S. haematobium</em> DNA was isolated from the positive samples. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 was amplified using conventional polymerase chain reaction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>S. haematobium</em> eggs were found in 12 out of 165 (7.3%) urine samples after microscopy, 11 SAC had light infection, and one had moderate infection. <em>S. haematobium</em> DNA was identified in six of the samples after blast on the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Urogenital schistosomiasis is still prevalent in Otamokun, even though in low levels. The study highlights differences between urine microscopy and molecular diagnostic methods, emphasizing the need to include molecular tools in accurate surveillance, especially in places with low prevalence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial analysis of sexually transmitted infection vulnerability among pregnant women in Bandar Lampung: Policy implications for Indonesia’s Triple Elimination Program","authors":"Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari ,&nbsp;Satriani Satriani ,&nbsp;Dea Putri Andeska ,&nbsp;Sutarto Sutarto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major public health concern, particularly among pregnant women, where vertical transmission poses severe risks to maternal and neonatal health. This study assessed the spatial distribution and vulnerability patterns of STIs among pregnant women in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia, using a combination of geospatial and epidemiological analysis based on data collected in 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 148 pregnant women screened through the national Triple Elimination Program were analyzed across 17 districts. A weighted vulnerability index was developed based on 10 sociodemographic and reproductive health factors, with Spearman’s correlation used to assess risk associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Spatial mapping revealed clustering of STI cases in central districts such as Enggal and Labuhan Ratu, whereas peripheral areas showed no recorded cases, possibly due to underreporting. Key vulnerability drivers included younger maternal age, multiparity, low education, and limited STI counseling. High hepatitis B virus prevalence (85.7% of cases) highlights persistent gaps in maternal STI prevention. District-level vulnerability mapping identified medium-risk zones requiring targeted intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings underscore the need for geographically focused screening, youth-friendly counseling, and integration of sexual health services into routine antenatal care to strengthen Indonesia’s Triple Elimination Program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BimABm positivity in melioidosis and its impact on clinical profile, and outcomes: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Nitin Gupta ,&nbsp;Tirlangi Praveen Kumar ,&nbsp;Soumi Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Melioidosis, caused by <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em> presents with diverse clinical features. Neurological involvement, though rare, is a severe complication. The BimA_Bm allele, a variant of the <em>Burkholderia</em> intracellular motility A (BimA) virulence gene, has been linked to neurotropism, but data from India on this association are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 138 culture-confirmed melioidosis patients at a tertiary care center in southern India. A polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the BimA_Bm allele in archived isolates. Clinical features and 28-day mortality were compared between BimA_Bm -positive and -negative groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The BimA_Bm allele was detected in 5.8% of isolates. Neurological involvement was significantly more common in BimA_Bm-positive patients (50% [4/8] vs 2.3% [3/130], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). No significant differences in comorbidities or 28-day mortality were observed between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although uncommon, the BimA_Bm allele is strongly associated with neurological melioidosis in southern India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of selected arboviruses at Namanga and Mutukula cross-border areas in Tanzania","authors":"Remidius Kamuhabwa Kakulu ,&nbsp;Ferdinand Ndunguru ,&nbsp;Sima Rugarabamu ,&nbsp;Ambele Mwafulango ,&nbsp;Khalid Massa ,&nbsp;Esther Gwae Kimaro ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Abraham Mpolya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), and West Nile (WNV) viruses are among the major mosquito-borne arboviral threats in East Africa. This study assessed seroprevalence and risk factors for DENV, CHIKV, and WNV among residents of Mutukula and Namanga cross borders in Tanzania.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Blood samples were collected from 450 participants and tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-viral immunoglobulin G and M (IgG and IgM) antibodies. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyzed risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall seroprevalence was 12.4% for DENV, 10.7% for CHIKV, and 10.2% for WNV. Namanga had higher IgM seroprevalences (DENV: 9.7%, CHIKV: 6.9%, and WNV: 6.3%) than Mutukula (DENV: 5.6%, CHIKV: 5.3%, WNV: 5. 9%). IgG seropositivity for CHIKV was linked to a history of travel abroad (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-54.6), mosquito exposure (AOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.01-7.7), and being female (AOR 6.1, 95% CI 1.3-28). IgM seropositivity was influenced by education, with secondary levels reducing risk (AOR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02-0.64 for DENV; AOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.1-0.6 for CHIKV).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides the first evidence of WNV exposure in Tanzania and specific cross-border seroprevalences for DENV and CHIKV transmission. To mitigate the risks, Integrated vector control and enhanced surveillance are highly recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and public health impact in the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, 2019-2023","authors":"Frederick J. Angulo ,&nbsp;Pingping Zhang ,&nbsp;Milda Žygutienė ,&nbsp;Dace Zavadska ,&nbsp;Kerstin Aimla ,&nbsp;Alice Kivistik ,&nbsp;Aija Griskevica ,&nbsp;Audrone Vadapaliene ,&nbsp;Antra Bormane ,&nbsp;Lisa R. Harper ,&nbsp;Andreas Pilz ,&nbsp;James H. Stark","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a potentially life-threatening disease caused by the TBE virus, is an emerging European public health threat. TBE is endemic nationwide in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, which have the highest TBE incidence in Europe. TBE vaccination is recommended for all Baltic residents ≥1 year of age, but estimates of the public health impact of TBE vaccination are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>TBE vaccination histories were determined for surveillance-reported TBE cases and for respondents from general population surveys conducted in 2019–2023. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) of ≥3 TBE doses administered in accordance with the vaccination schedule (i.e., fully vaccinated) was determined by comparing the proportion of TBE cases who were fully vaccinated (PCV) with the proportion of survey respondents fully vaccinated (PPV), using the screening method formula: VE = 1-[PCV/(1-PCV)]/[PPV/(1-PPV)].</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 4,361 surveillance-reported TBE cases in the Baltic in 2019–2023; 3,806 (87.3%) were hospitalized, and 30 (0.8%) hospitalized cases died. Of 4,138 surveillance-reported TBE cases with a known TBE vaccination history, 98.3% were unvaccinated, 1.4% partially vaccinated, and 0.3% fully vaccinated. There were 89,656 participants in the general population surveys; of the 80,970 with a known TBE vaccination history, 50.1% were unvaccinated, 29.8% partially vaccinated, and 20.1% fully vaccinated. VE against TBE was 97.4% (93.0–99.0) in Estonia, 99.0% (97.7–99.5) in Latvia, and 99.6% (95% CI 98.8–99.9) in Lithuania. TBE vaccination averted an estimated 3,520 TBE cases in the Baltic in 2019–2023.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TBE vaccination in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania was highly effective in preventing TBE. To prevent life-threatening TBE, TBE vaccine uptake and compliance with vaccination recommendations should be increased in the Baltic countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}