Human reproduction open最新文献

{"title":"Pre-existing morbidity pattern in a Danish testicular cancer cohort: insights beyond the testicular dysgenesis syndrome hypothesis.","authors":"Marie Juul Ornstrup, Agnethe Berglund, Mads Agerbæk, Claus Højbjerg Gravholt","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study question: </strong>Do men diagnosed with testicular cancer (TC) exhibit increased pre-existing morbidity compared to matched controls?</p><p><strong>Summary answer: </strong>Men with TC had a significantly higher risk of hospital contacts and medicinal use prior to diagnosis compared to controls, reflecting excess morbidity across multiple health domains.</p><p><strong>What is known already: </strong>The testicular dysgenesis syndrome hypothesis suggests that, e.g. cryptorchidism, poor semen quality, and TC are all symptoms of a fetal gonadal dysgenesis. The association of TC with broader pre-existing morbidity remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Study design size duration: </strong>This retrospective, national, registry-based cohort study included 1952 TC patients, identified via the nationwide prospective clinical Danish Testicular Cancer (DATECA) database from 1 January 2013 to 28 February 2019, as well as 19 431 controls.</p><p><strong>Participants/materials setting methods: </strong>TC patients were matched with up to 10 randomly selected age-matched males from the background population. None of the controls were at any time registered in the DATECA database or with a TC diagnosis in either The Danish National Patient Register or The National Cancer Register. Hospital contact data and medication prescriptions were evaluated using national registries, categorized by the International Classification of Diseases, 8th edition (ICD-8) prior to 1993 and 10th edition (ICD-10) from 1993 onward, and the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification, using data from birth until TC diagnosis. Negative binomial regression was used to compare 'Number of hospital contacts' within each ICD chapter for TC patients versus controls, and stratified Cox regression was used to compare 'time to first medicinal prescription' within each ATC-group.</p><p><strong>Main results and the role of chance: </strong>Prior to the TC diagnosis, the overall risk of hospital contacts was higher among TC patients than controls (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.18, CI: 1.13-1.25). IRRs were significantly increased in 11/18 chapters of the ICD-10, including cryptorchism (IRR = 3.24, CI: 2.31-4.52), indeterminate sex (IRR = 13.1, CI: 2.4-70.5), and infertility (IRR = 1.45, CI 1.08-2.01), and there were increased risks of respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal, and nervous system diseases.The overall risk of being prescribed any medication was also increased among TC patients before their diagnosis (hazard ratio (HR)=1.28, CI: 1.21-1.34) compared to controls. HRs were significantly increased in 8/14 chapters of the ATC Classification, including the genito-urinary, respiratory, alimentary, musculoskeletal, and nervous system chapters. Risk of androgen prescriptions was not increased, whereas risks of prescription of gonadotropins (HR = 2.90, CI: 1.38-6.08) and medications related to erectile dysfunction (HR = 1.21, CI: 1.00-1.45) were.</p><p><strong>Limitations reason","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf021"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12073984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic and metabolomic insights into oxidative stress response activation in mouse embryos generated by <i>in vitro</i> fertilization.","authors":"Seok Hee Lee, Saúl Lira-Albarrán, Paolo F Rinaudo","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf022","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;How different is the global proteomic and metabolic profile of mouse blastocysts generated by IVF, cultured in optimal (5% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) or stressful (20% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) conditions, compared to &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; generated blastocysts?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;We found that in IVF-generated embryos: (i) the proteome was more sensitive to high oxygen levels than the global metabolomic profile; (ii) enzymes involved in splicing and the spliceosome are altered; (iii) numerous metabolic pathways, particularly amino acids metabolism, are altered (iv) there is activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) and downregulation of mTOR pathways.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;IVF culture conditions are known to affect the gene expression of embryos. However, comprehensive data on the global metabolic and proteomic changes that occur in IVF-generated embryos are unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;Mouse embryos were generated by natural mating (&lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; control or flushed blastocyst-FB-group) or by IVF using KSOM medium and two distinct oxygen concentrations: 5% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (optimal) and 20% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (stressful). Proteomic and metabolomic analyses were performed using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry techniques in triplicate (n = 100 blastocysts per replicate), allowing for detailed profiling of protein and metabolite alterations in each group.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Mouse blastocysts were collected from CD-1 and B6D2F1 strains as specified above. High-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for proteomics, while high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS) was used for metabolomics. In addition, Immunofluorescence was used to assess the activation of stress response pathways, including the ISR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Proteomic analysis revealed significant changes in protein expression in embryos cultured under 20% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; compared to 5% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; embryos. Compared to &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; embryos, IVF embryos cultured under 20% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; exhibited 599 differentially expressed proteins, with an increase in proteins involved in oxidative stress responses, aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis, and spliceosome pathways. In contrast, IVF embryos cultured under 5% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; showed fewer changes, with 426 differentially expressed proteins, though still reflecting significant alterations compared to &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; embryos. These results indicate that embryos in stressful conditions (20% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) exhibit a stronger stress response and alterations in critical pathways for protein synthesis and DNA repair. Metabolomic analysis revealed that embryos cultured under 20% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; showed changes in branch-chained amino acid levels, and decreased levels of key metabolites of the TCA cycle an","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf022"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premature ovarian insufficiency and the risk of breast cancer.","authors":"Herjan J T Coelingh Bennink, Jan F M Egberts, Frank Z Stanczyk","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaf017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf017"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11993302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: Premature ovarian insufficiency and the risk of breast cancer.","authors":"Nick Panay, Nathalie Vermeulen, Richard A Anderson, Amanda J Vincent","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf018"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11993299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of maternal poor ovarian response on the reproductive endocrine profiles of the next generation: a prospective cohort study in China.","authors":"Wanbing Feng, Yujia Ren, Jiayi Zhou, Hanbing Zhu, Han Zhao, Yingying Qin, Jing Li, Mingdi Xia, Lihong Xu, Mei Li, Huidan Wang, Linlin Cui, Zi-Jiang Chen","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaf019","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Do offspring born to mothers with poor ovarian response (POR) have alterations in their reproductive endocrine profile at 2-6 years of age compared to those born to mothers with normal ovarian response?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Female offspring born to young mothers (&lt;35 years) with expected POR were more likely to have low serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in childhood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;POR affects 32-43% of women in infertility clinics. Genetic susceptibility and potentially adverse intrauterine environments pose threats to the next generation. However, there is currently no direct evidence of intergenerational reproductive effects associated with POR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a prospective cohort study to investigate the intergenerational effects of maternal POR on reproductive endocrine health of offspring. Data were obtained from 'Assisted Reproductive Technology-born KIDs (ARTKID)', a birth cohort established in 2013 at a tertiary care center in China. A total of 3103 offspring, aged 2-6, born between 2013 and 2019, were recruited and included in our study until 2021. The exposed offspring conceived by ART were classified into four groups based on their mothers' categorization using the Patient-Oriented Strategies Encompassing IndividualizeD Oocyte Number (POSEIDON) criteria. The unexposed offspring were born to mothers with normal ovarian response after ART.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Offspring conceived by ART provided blood samples at 2-6 years for the assessment of reproductive endocrine parameters. Mean difference and 95% CI were obtained based on a linear mixed model. The adjusted model accounted for paternal age, maternal age, offspring age, paternal smoking, use of ICSI, and frozen embryo transfer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Female offspring born to young mothers with expected POR (POSEIDON Group 3) had lower AMH and PRL (prolactin) levels in childhood compared to controls (AMH: adjusted mean difference [AMD] = -0.64, 95% CI = -1.10, -0.18; PRL: AMD = -1.59, 95% CI = -2.97, -0.21). Female offspring born to older mothers (≥35 years) with expected POR (POSEIDON Group 4) showed a decreasing trend in AMH levels, though this difference was not statistically significant compared to controls [AMD = -0.60, 95% CI = -1.31, -0.12]. Female offspring born to young mothers with unexpected POR (POSEIDON Group 1) had lower DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) levels than controls [AMD = -1.38, 95% CI = -2.58, -0.17]. In contrast, male offspring born to POR mothers showed similar reproductive endocrine profiles as controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;The offspring were aged 2-6 years, limiting the ability to assess comprehensive reproductive phenotypic changes. Longer follow-up studies are necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider impli","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf019"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defending access to reproductive health information.","authors":"Maria Ekstrand Ragnar, Karin Hammarberg, Alexandra Carvalho, Ilse Delbaere, Anita Fincham, Joyce Harper, Münevver Serdarogullari, Mara Simopoulou, Christiana Antoniadou Stylianou, Randi Sylvest, Bola Grace","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaf016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf016"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why the hypothesis of embryo selection in IVF/ICSI must finally be reconsidered.","authors":"Norbert Gleicher, Sonia Gayete-Lafuente, David H Barad, Pasquale Patrizio, David F Albertini","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Embryo selection (ES) during IVF is expected to select the 'best' embryo(s) from among a cycle's embryo cohort and has been a core concept of IVF for over 40 years. However, among 36 492 articles on ES in a recent PubMed search, we were unable to locate even a single one questioning the concept that, beyond standard oocyte and embryo morphology, ES has remained an unproven hypothesis. In unselected patient populations, attempts at ES have universally, indeed, failed to improve cumulative pregnancy and live birth rates. The only benefit ES appears to offer is a marginal shortening in time to pregnancy, and even this benefit manifests only in best-prognosis patients with large oocyte and embryo numbers. Excluding <i>in vitro</i> maturation efforts, oocytes, once retrieved, and their resulting embryos have predetermined finite cumulative pregnancy and live birth chances that cannot be further improved. The hypothesis of ES has, however, remained a driving force for research and the introduction of a multitude of 'add-ons' to IVF. Enormous investments over decades in ES, therefore, should be better redirected from post- to pre-retrieval efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf011"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of HBV, HCV, or syphilis infections on embryo and pregnancy outcomes in couples undergoing IVF treatment: a matched cohort study.","authors":"Fang Liu, Zheng Wang, Ying Song, Tian Tian, Rong Li, Jie Qiao, Shuo Huang, Yuanyuan Wang","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf015","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Do infectious diseases (hepatitis B virus [HBV], hepatitis C virus [HCV], and syphilis) impact embryo quality, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes following a complete IVF cycle?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Infections with HBV, HCV, or syphilis do not have detrimental impacts on live birth rates or neonatal outcomes in couples following a complete IVF cycle.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Maternal or paternal infections with HBV, HCV, or syphilis may decrease the clinical pregnancy rate, result in poorer embryo outcomes, and lower offspring birth weight. However, there is significant controversy regarding these effects across existing studies, highlighting the need for further research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This is a retrospective matched cohort study. Data were obtained from the clinical database of couples who underwent IVF treatment at a single academically affiliated fertility clinic from January 2011 to December 2019, with follow-up extending to December 2020. Out of 180 666 complete cycles recorded, 2443 cycles fulfilled our inclusion criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In cycles that fulfilled our inclusion criteria, there were 1997 cycles in the HBV study group, 154 cycles in the HCV study group, and 292 cycles in the syphilis study group. Each study cycle was paired with four controls based on participant age and the timing of IVF treatment, resulting in 7988 controls for the HBV group, 616 controls for the HCV group, and 1169 controls for the syphilis group. Infections could be either single-parent or biparental. The primary outcome was live birth per complete cycle (i.e. fresh cycle plus subsequent frozen-thawed cycles). Subgroup analyses were conducted dividing cycles into maternal infection and paternal infection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;In the HBV group, pregnancy outcomes (clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rates) and neonatal birth weight were similar to that of the controls. In the HCV group, no significant differences from the controls were observed except for a lower clinical pregnancy rate in the study group (36.4% vs 42.2%, adjusted β and 95% CI: 0.62 [0.39-0.96]). Similarly, no significant differences were found in pregnancy or neonatal outcomes between the syphilis group and the control group. As for subgroup analyses, the male-only HBV infection subgroup showed a higher miscarriage rate in the study group than in the control group (22.5% vs 17.7%, adjusted β and 95% CI: 1.56 [1.07-2.28]). For the HCV and syphilis subgroups, none of the outcomes showed significant differences between either the female-only infection or male-only infection subgroups and the controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;Although potential confounders were considered and adjusted for, residual bias may still exist due to the study design. The inclusion","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf015"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in children born after ART with frozen and fresh embryo transfers.","authors":"Annesofie R Olsen, Louise L Asserhøj, Anja Pinborg, Tine D Clausen, Gorm Greisen, Rikke B Jensen, Katharina M Main, Niels G Vejlstrup, Per L Madsen, Ikram Mizrak","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf014","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Is the ratio of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) comparable between children following ART and natural conception (NC)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Children conceived by frozen embryo transfer (FET) had slightly lower VAT/SAT ratios than children following NC; no difference in VAT/SAT ratio was observed in children born following fresh embryo transfer (Fresh-ET) as compared to those born from NC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;The VAT/SAT ratio is closely related to the metabolic profile, with a high ratio increasing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. To our knowledge, no studies have reported the VAT/SAT ratio in children following ART.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This prospective exploratory observational cohort study included 150 singletons aged 7-10 years. All children were born in eastern Denmark. The study was conducted between November 2018 and August 2020.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This is a sub-study of the 'Health in Childhood following Assisted Reproductive Technology' (HiCART) study. The children were conceived after FET (n = 50), Fresh-ET (n = 50), and NC (n = 50), and children conceived by NC were matched to ART children by sex and birth year. The children underwent abdominal MRI for the quantification of abdominal adipose tissues along with measurements of blood pressure, fasting blood samples, anthropometric measurements, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. The volumes of VAT and SAT were semi-automatically quantified, blinded for the mode of conception. The level of statistical significance was set to a &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;-level below 0.05. Multivariable linear regression analysis of the VAT/SAT ratio was performed to adjust for confounders in a five-step approach: Model 1: Adjusted for child age and sex; Model 2: Model 1 plus maternal age at delivery and maternal BMI at pregnancy; Model 3: Model 2 plus birth weight and child BMI; Model 4a: Model 3 plus maternal educational level; Model 4b: Model 3 plus pubertal status. The confounders were selected based on their association with metabolic risk factors according to previous studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;As previously reported in the HiCART studies, there were no differences between the groups in anthropometric measurements including BMI, lean body mass, blood pressure, or triglycerides. The crude VAT/SAT ratio differed significantly between the three groups (mean (SD); FET 0.26 (0.08), Fresh-ET 0.29 (0.07), NC 0.30 (0.08), ANOVA-&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.014). Pairwise comparison revealed that children conceived after FET had lower crude VAT/SAT ratio than children conceived after NC (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007) with a mean difference of -0.04, 95% CI (-0.07; -0.01), and a tendency for a lower VAT/SAT ratio as compared to the Fresh-ET group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.059) with a mean difference of -0.03, 95% CI (-0.06; 0.","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf014"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopsy vs comprehensive embryo/blastocyst analysis: a closer look at embryonic chromosome evaluation.","authors":"Jian Xu, Zhiheng Chen, Meiyi Li, Ling Sun","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoaf013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with embryonic cytogenetic constitution of biopsied samples in human pre-implantation embryos, are there any differences in whole embryos?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Whole embryos exhibit a significantly higher euploidy rate and reduction in mosaic aneuploidy rate compared to biopsied samples.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Much of the existing evidence of cytogenetic constitution of human pre-implantation embryos is based on biopsied cells obtained from blastomeres or trophectoderm biopsies. The mosaic rate of biopsies taken from blastocyst trophectoderm ranges widely, from 2% to 25%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;We investigated the embryonic cytogenetic constitution of 221 whole human embryos/blastocysts from 2019 to 2022, including 41 high-quality blastocysts, 57 low-quality blastocysts, and 123 arrested embryos/blastocysts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The cytogenetic constitution of whole embryos/blastocysts was assessed using next-generation sequencing. Mosaicism was diagnosed using a cut-off threshold of 30-70%, with embryos displaying 30-70% aneuploid cells classified as mosaic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Among high-quality blastocysts, the euploidy rate was 82.9%, with a remarkably low mosaic aneuploidy of only 2.5%. The euploidy rates of viable low-quality blastocysts and arrested embryos/blastocysts were 38.6% and 13.0%, respectively. The mosaic aneuploidy rate decreased progressively with embryonic development, from 93.2% at the cleavage stage to 40% at the blastocyst stage. Chaotic aneuploidy was the primary factor (66.1%, 39/59) contributing to embryonic arrest at the cleavage stage. Additionally, 26.1% of embryos/blastocysts exhibited segmental aneuploidy, with segmental duplications (30.6%, 22/72) and deletions (54.2%, 39/72) being the most common types of segmental aneuploidy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;The sample size in this study is relatively small, especially in the subgroup analysis. Furthermore, whole-embryo analysis is not a foolproof diagnostic method, since it may underestimate the presence of mosaicism.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider implications of the findings: &lt;/strong&gt;The cytogenetic constitution of whole embryos provides a more accurate reflection of their physiological state compared to biopsied samples. The low mosaic aneuploidy rate in high-quality blastocysts supports the practice of transferring mosaic embryos in patients without euploid embryos. If blastocysts reach stage III by Day 6 post-fertilization, nearly half are euploid, suggesting that extending embryo culture to Day 7 may be beneficial in cases where high-quality embryos are lacking.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study funding/competing interests: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2023A1515010250) and Pilot Program-China Reprodu","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2025 2","pages":"hoaf013"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}