Health sciences review (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Does surgery with metallic implants achieve better outcomes than non-operative treatment or more novel techniques following patella fracture in the frail host?–A systematic review","authors":"Timothy M. Morris ,&nbsp;Jan R. Dixon ,&nbsp;Thomas E. Baldock ,&nbsp;Willy Wang ,&nbsp;William G.P. Eardley","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patella fractures are uncommon injuries but in frail patients they may confer significant morbidity. Tension band metallic wiring (TBW) is frequently employed to manage these injuries yet complication rates are high. Up to one-third of patients require reoperation. In the frail host especially, patella fractures can result in significant functional impairment impacting on independence. Using the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review interrogates the literature on patella fractures in the frail host. The evidence was found to be minimal and of low quality, comprising only eight cohort studies or case series. Sample sizes were small; in half of the included studies, 16 participants or less were included. 2493 patients were included from all extracted studies. The average age of patients was 71 years old with 60.5 % being female. AO/OTA 34-C2/3 fractures were the most common fracture patterns, comprising 41 % of patients. Current literature suggests that computed tomography (CT) scanning pre-operatively is appropriate. Marked heterogeneity was found in operative strategy; both metallic and non-metallic implants were investigated but metallic TBW and cerclage were the most prevalent techniques. Only one study investigated non-operative treatment. More than one in four patients (26.59 %) required reoperation and over one in five patients (22.53 %) suffered hardware complications. Average range of movement achieved was 121.28° +/- 13° but the investigation of other outcome measures was inconsistent. Further investigation into both patella fractures and, more specifically patella fractures in the poor host, is warranted. Nevertheless, due to its limited incidence, a multicentre approach is required and should be considered a priority for the orthopaedic community.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000060/pdfft?md5=cca6ad48baeb5d37320a2ba06da46a90&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000060-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139709559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The treasure trove of the genus Carex: A phytochemical and pharmacological review","authors":"Rahul Gajbhiye ,&nbsp;Shreya Sen Sarma ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar ,&nbsp;Sanjiv Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Carex</em> genus contains over 2000 species distributed all around the globe and used for their medicinal and food values. Owing to their traditional and medicinal properties the genus has gained due attention, especially in the last couple of decades which led to the identification of terpenoids, lignans, quinazolinones, phenolic acids, and phenylpropanoids as the major phytochemicals. Besides these several studies reported the therapeutic applications of the extracts and phytochemicals in different experimental conditions. The present review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the present standing of <em>Carex</em> genus that may promote further scientific exploration and their utilization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000047/pdfft?md5=9e2da5461c9ebfbb427c8075d99438b3&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139714761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards integration of artificial intelligence into medical devices as a real-time recommender system for personalised healthcare: State-of-the-art and future prospects","authors":"Talha Iqbal ,&nbsp;Mehedi Masud ,&nbsp;Bilal Amin ,&nbsp;Conor Feely ,&nbsp;Mary Faherty ,&nbsp;Tim Jones ,&nbsp;Michelle Tierney ,&nbsp;Atif Shahzad ,&nbsp;Patricia Vazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the era of big data, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have the potential to revolutionize healthcare by improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. AI algorithms have frequently been used in health care for predictive modelling, image analysis and drug discovery. Moreover, as a recommender system, these algorithms have shown promising impacts on personalized healthcare provision. A recommender system learns the behaviour of the user and predicts their current preferences (recommends) based on their previous preferences. Implementing AI as a recommender system improves this prediction accuracy and solves cold start and data sparsity problems. However, most of the methods and algorithms are tested in a simulated setting which cannot recapitulate the influencing factors of the real world. This review article systematically reviews prevailing methodologies in recommender systems and discusses the AI algorithms as recommender systems specifically in the field of healthcare. It also provides discussion around the most cutting-edge academic and practical contributions present in the literature, identifies performance evaluation matrices, challenges in the implementation of AI as a recommender system, and acceptance of AI-based recommender systems by clinicians. The findings of this article direct researchers and professionals to comprehend currently developed recommender systems and the future of medical devices integrated with real-time recommender systems for personalized healthcare.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000035/pdfft?md5=186657276eb1c8c06c8cb477e66360a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139674814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents’ mental health in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Anila Naz Ali Sher","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000023/pdfft?md5=22e8f74f536162eb9ec0e65626ab7b83&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and protective factors that predict posttraumatic stress disorder after traumatic injury: A systematic review","authors":"Kristen Jones ,&nbsp;Mark Boschen ,&nbsp;Grant Devilly ,&nbsp;Jessica Vogler ,&nbsp;Harley Flowers ,&nbsp;Charlotte Winkleman ,&nbsp;Martin Wullschleger","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders following traumatic injury, affecting up to 51 % of adults admitted to trauma centres. Identification of people at risk of PTSD is an important component of holistic, evidence-based care in trauma centres. This is also increasingly becoming a recommendation across Level 1 Trauma Centres worldwide. The purpose of this paper was to systematically review published literature regarding factors that increase or decrease one's risk of PTSD within a year of admission to a trauma hospital. Systematic review methodology was implemented with utilisation of extensive search criteria. This broadened search strategy was used to address some identified limitations in titles and abstracts of relevant papers. Forward and backward citation of included papers was implemented to ascertain secondary sources. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were independently reviewed by two authors. Sixty-one papers met inclusion criteria and 58 predictors were analysed with at least one analysis. There was strong scientific evidence for assault, acute stress disorder, and baseline pain as predictors of PTSD. There was strong scientific evidence that age, education, ethnicity, premorbid health concerns, marital status, injury severity, mechanism of injury, and length of stay were <em>not</em> predictors. Several methodological concerns were identified across the included papers, such as heterogeneity in operational definitions of predictors and lack of application to theoretical frameworks of PTSD. Gaps remain in the literature regarding the impact of risk factors included in well-known frameworks such as the cognitive model of PTSD, requiring future research to inform appropriate early intervention in this at-risk population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632023000739/pdfft?md5=3523b2298d4fe9c019b857732ccad358&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632023000739-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139653660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brown and beige adipose tissue: New therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders","authors":"Bruno Souza Magro,&nbsp;Daniel Penteado Martins Dias","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brown adipocytes constitute a specialized tissue in heat build-up (i.e., thermogenesis) due to their mitochondrial uncoupling capacity, as they express thermogenic genes, playing a role in the energy metabolism of the whole body in mammals through non-shivering thermogenesis. Beige adipocytes originate in white adipose tissue (WAT) through the tissue browning process and are phenotypically similar to brown adipocytes. Considering that the activity of these cells is essential to reduce the incidence of metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia, the stimulation of the brown fat and the development of beige adipose tissue has become a promising therapeutic target to treat clinical conditions. Due to the low amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in human adults, both phenomena (i.e., activation of brown and development of beige adipocytes) are related to better control of body weight, adiposity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. This review focuses on the comprehensively discussion of the metabolic importance of BAT activation and/or browning of WAT, and approaches that lead to the biogenesis of these thermogenic fats, such as cold exposure, thyroid hormones, physical exercise, diet and pharmacological agents (i.e., β3-adrenergic receptor agonist, glucagon-like peptide 1, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, ephedrine). These stimulatory agents have shown promise in activating BAT in humans. Frow our review, concluded that there are still many obstacles to be overcome in the upcoming years to better assess the real impact of BAT activation on metabolic health (i.e., absence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome), and elucidate many questions surrounding BAT physiology, so that this organ can indeed be considered an attractive therapeutic target for the prevention and reversal of obesity and metabolic disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000011/pdfft?md5=bed0ef302d02c0f57fb296db142943c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000011-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139419304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing act: Navigating the thin line between hydration and water toxicity","authors":"Raj Kamal ,&nbsp;Priyanka Paul ,&nbsp;Rohit Bhatia","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632023000727/pdfft?md5=37adb22b89e879dc396629dd94de010c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632023000727-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut bacteria, endocannabinoid system, and marijuana addiction: Novel therapeutic implications","authors":"Kishore Kumar Pinapati ,&nbsp;Sree Vidya ,&nbsp;Mohd Faiz Khan ,&nbsp;Debabrata Mandal ,&nbsp;Sugato Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gut bacteria plays a leading role in the pharmacological actions of both synthetic and natural product derived drugs. Their interactions are complex and bidirectional. This complexity with psychotropic phyto-compounds like delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆⁹-THC) (source: cannabis) has been found for modulating various brain functions including anxiety, depression, and cognition through an intricate cell-signaling network known as endocannabinoid system (ECS). This is a prominent neuromodulatory system that defines the host's health and disease. As a habit-forming weed, cannabis is associated with severe neuropsychiatric complications upon withdrawal. This is due to the dysregulation of monoamines (particularly dopamine and GABA) in the mesocorticolimbic circuit and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. No notable pharmacotherapies are found for the treatment of cannabis dependence. Here, we postulate the connections between gut bacteria, CNS, ECS, and marijuana dependence, which would be an insight to overcome marijuana withdrawal symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632023000703/pdfft?md5=d59485481264d247f671240a3ffe5de0&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632023000703-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138559027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging spray drying technique for advancing biologic product development–A mini review","authors":"Mahipal Reddy Donthi ,&nbsp;Arun Butreddy ,&nbsp;Ranendra Narayan Saha ,&nbsp;Prashant Kesharwani ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Dubey","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the last 15 years, spray drying (SD), as an alternative to lyophilization, to manufacture and increase the stability of biologics has demonstrated promising outcomes. Pharmaceutical companies, on the other hand, have yet to expand technology for the production of aseptic spray-dried biologics. In this mini-review, we have discussed the limitations and potential of SD in biologics production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632023000685/pdfft?md5=d1d1c95060ac49ea7805af233e5b6f6b&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632023000685-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138769707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oroxylin A: Nature's arsenal against liver fibrosis, cancer, and inflammatory diseases","authors":"Ashish Gera ,&nbsp;Laxmi Yadav ,&nbsp;Chandragauda R. Patil ,&nbsp;Mahesh K. Posa ,&nbsp;Bandapally Chandrakanth ,&nbsp;Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hsr.2023.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oroxylin A (ORA), a natural compound found in plants, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent against liver fibrosis, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. Chronic inflammation fuels cancer development and progression by promoting cellular transformation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, while cancer can create an inflammatory microenvironment, further enhancing its growth and invasiveness. Inflammasome activation also plays a crucial role in liver fibrosis which is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix components in the liver. This review aims to explore the efficacy of ORA and its mechanisms of action in these disease contexts. ORA targets hepatic stellate cells, key players in the development of liver fibrosis. By modulating signaling pathways such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), ORA effectively inhibits HSC activation and reduces the production of excessive extracellular matrix proteins. ORA exhibits a multitude of beneficial effects in cancer treatment. It demonstrates anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic properties by interfering with various molecular pathways involved in cancer progression. ORA displays anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and influencing signaling pathways. This mechanism allows ORA to mitigate inflammation, a hallmark of many diseases, including inflammatory conditions. The therapeutic potential of ORA opens up new avenues for drug discovery and development. Ongoing research focuses on exploring new plant sources and novel compounds to expand the range of natural therapeutic candidates. Overall, this review highlights the comprehensive potential of ORA as a safe therapeutic agent. In the field of chronic diseases, ORA has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-cancer potentials, making it an interesting compound for research</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632023000697/pdfft?md5=422d9834d4daf007d6b850421f21f9cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632023000697-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138769706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}