Health sciences review (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"“Impact of Vitamin C on Plasma Levels of Lipoprotein(a), Interleukin-6, and Fibrinolytic Activity” : A systematic review","authors":"Chetan Sharma,&nbsp;Dr. Claire Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ischemic heart disease remains a leading cause of global mortality, primarily attributed to atherosclerosis-induced blockage in the coronary arteries. A key contributor to atherosclerosis is the accumulation of lipoprotein(a), which functions akin to vitamin C in vascular matrix healing. Elevated lipoprotein(a) levels correlate with increased Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reduced fibrinolytic activities, further exacerbating atherosclerosis. This review aims to elucidate whether vitamin C supplementation mitigates lipoprotein(a) levels, and IL-6 expression, and enhances fibrinolytic activities in both humans (CAD patients, type 2 diabetic patients, and healthy adults) and animal models ( sepsis model of rats, transgenic mice, and wild type rats). A systematic search of Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases was conducted up to December 31, 2022, employing predefined selection criteria and a comprehensive search strategy. Of the 539 articles identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria, comprising 4 animal and 7 human studies. Animal trials demonstrated favorable outcomes with vitamin C supplementation, showing reductions in plasma lipoprotein(a) levels and decreased aortic accumulation of lp(a). Additionally, animals supplemented with vitamin C exhibited lower IL-6 production and enhanced fibrinolysis. Conversely, human studies reported no significant change in plasma lipoprotein(a) levels post-vitamin C supplementation (doses ranging from 500 mg to 4500 mg/day) in coronary artery disease (CAD) and healthy cohorts. However, supplementation did reduce serum IL-6 levels and increase fibrinolytic activities in both CAD and diabetic patients at doses between 1000 mg and 2000 mg of ascorbic acid. Vitamin C deficiency is prevalent among atherosclerosis patients, prompting lipoprotein(a) accumulation to counter intravascular scurvy in the absence of ascorbic acid. This review underscores the positive effects of vitamin C on atherosclerosis-associated factors, including lipoprotein(a), IL-6, and fibrinolytic activities. Optimal benefits are observed within the range of 1000 mg to 2000 mg/day, with higher doses conferring no additional advantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pilates training on vaginal delivery outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sella Zenitasari ,&nbsp;Pipit Pitriani ,&nbsp;Eugenius Phyowai Ganap","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Labor pain and prolonged labor duration influence maternal well-being and birth experiences. Prenatal exercise has been widely recognized as a beneficial intervention to support maternal health and labor outcomes. Pilates, which focuses on improving core strength, flexibility, and body awareness, may contribute to reducing pain intensity and labor duration during vaginal delivery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Pilates training on labor pain and the duration of labor. A comprehensive search was conducted by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews-Meta-Analysis) guidelines across PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus up to January 2, 2024, including randomized controlled trials and cohort studies published between 2001 and 2023 in English or Indonesian. The primary outcome was labor pain measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the secondary outcome was total labor duration. A total of five studies involving 409 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis of three studies showed that Pilates significantly reduced labor pain (Mean Difference:1.13, 95 % CI:1.64 to - 0.61), though moderate heterogeneity was observed (I² = 68 %). Regarding labor duration, Pilates was associated with a substantial reduction (Mean Difference:97.84 min, 95 % CI:136.70 to -58.98) with negligible heterogeneity (I² = 0 %). However, moderate heterogeneity in pain reduction outcomes (I² = 68 %) suggests study variability, indicating a need for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor on metabolic syndrome in people with prediabetes and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sadia Bari ,&nbsp;Afroza Rahman ,&nbsp;Md Anwar Hossen ,&nbsp;KM Saif-Ur-Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), offering benefits that extend beyond glycaemic control. This systematic review aims to examine the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on metabolic syndrome in individuals with prediabetes and obesity. We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Core Collection), and Scopus. Title and abstract screening, data extraction, and risk of bias (ROB) assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. ROB was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.</div><div>Our meta-analysis did not show statistically significant reductions in body weight (mean difference: –3.05 kg; 95 % CI: –8.18 to 2.09), BMI (mean difference: –1.43 kg/m²; 95 % CI: –4.11 to 1.25), systolic blood pressure (mean difference: –2.12 mmHg; 95 % CI: –7.39 to 3.16), or diastolic blood pressure (mean difference: –1.04 mmHg; 95 % CI: –5.07 to 2.99) with dapagliflozin. However, a reduction was observed in fasting plasma glucose (mean difference: –0.47 mmol/L; 95 % CI: –0.90 to –0.05).</div><div>Although current findings suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin) may have little to no impact on individual components of metabolic syndrome, the evidence remains limited. Further well-powered clinical trials are warranted to validate these observations. Future research should focus on comparing the efficacy of different SGLT2 inhibitors and exploring their potential synergistic effects when combined with other pharmacological agents in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): A key driver of tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and prognosis across gastrointestinal malignancies”","authors":"Muhammad Osama ,&nbsp;Sarosh Ali ,&nbsp;Aishah Binte Nawaz ,&nbsp;Ubaid Ullah ,&nbsp;Aqsa Munir ,&nbsp;Safiyyah Ubaid ,&nbsp;Cyril Kocherry ,&nbsp;Biruk Demisse Ayalew ,&nbsp;Abdullah ,&nbsp;Sherziyan Aftab Qazi ,&nbsp;Maryam Ubaid ,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed ,&nbsp;Ayesha Jadoon","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) are independent DNA fragments found in mammalian cells, playing a crucial role in oncogene amplification and tumor progression. These circular DNA molecules promote genetic diversity and plasticity, contributing to cancer evolution and drug resistance. Their presence in circulation as cell-free DNA makes them promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment responses. While implicated in various malignancies, this review spotlights their pivotal role in gastrointestinal malignancies. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), over 230,000 eccDNAs have been identified, many correlating with changes in gene expression and tumor aggressiveness. These molecules frequently harbor genes involved in key oncogenic pathways including AKT, STAT3, MAPK, NOTCH, and WNT, while CK19-positive HCCs, often more aggressive, may be driven by eccDNA-associated genomic instability. Similarly, in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC), eccDNA-mediated gene amplifications contribute to resistance against chemotherapeutic agents like methotrexate and cisplatin. In gastric cancer, eccDNAs amplify critical oncogenes such as ERBB2, CCNE1, and MYC, influencing tumor progression. Colorectal cancer also exhibits eccDNA-driven resistance, particularly through amplification of the DHFR gene. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), differentially expressed eccDNAs are linked to the modulation of regulatory elements and oncogenic signaling pathways such as MAPK. Furthermore, eccDNAs in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) have emerged as robust prognostic markers, reflecting tumor behavior and treatment response. Collectively, the evidence underscores eccDNA’s multifaceted role in cancer, supporting their exploration as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets. Ongoing research is critical to fully elucidate their mechanistic contributions and unlock their clinical utility across diverse malignancies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic and microbial crossroads: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and urinary tract infections in (Asian) diabetes care","authors":"Rob E. Carpenter","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global rise of type 2 diabetes, particularly in Asian populations, has led to widespread adoption of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for glycemic control. While effective, these agents elevate the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by inducing glycosuria, which creates a nutrient-rich environment that favors uropathogen growth. Asian individuals may be disproportionately vulnerable to SGLT2 inhibitor–associated UTIs due to a confluence of factors, including lower body mass index, increased visceral adiposity, congenital urinary tract anomalies, and genetic polymorphisms that impair uroepithelial integrity and immunity. This review integrates emerging evidence on the molecular, anatomical, and immunometabolic mechanisms that underlie infection susceptibility in this population. Special attention is given to the role of <em>Escherichia coli</em> virulence pathways—including adhesin expression, siderophore production, and biofilm formation—along with host immune impairments in diabetes that facilitate infection persistence. The review also explores how recurrent antibiotic use in these settings accelerates antimicrobial resistance, particularly among extended-spectrum β-lactamase -producing strains. Targeted public health strategies—encompassing glycemic control, antimicrobial stewardship, and non-antibiotic therapies—are needed. This synthesis provides a framework for developing personalized, regionally informed approaches to UTI prevention and management in high-risk diabetic Asian populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital technologies for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes distress: A review of current evidence","authors":"Stephanie Sorrell","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes distress is defined as the emotional response to living with diabetes and the burden of intensive self-management. Despite the high prevalence of diabetes distress globally and across different populations, diabetes distress remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in both primary care and specialty settings. However, diabetes distress is highly responsive to clinical attention. Emerging evidence suggests that digital interventions such as mobile phone applications, comprehensive telehealth interventions, and artificial intelligence can provide accessible, personalized, and effective support for individuals experiencing diabetes distress. The purpose of this review is to present the latest evidence on assessing, diagnosing, and treating diabetes distress, with an emphasis on the role of digital technologies. By leveraging digital interventions and prioritizing routine screening, healthcare systems can enhance support for individuals with diabetes, ultimately improving both psychological well-being and clinical outcomes. Mobile phone applications are the most preferred digital intervention, in both older adult populations as well as adolescents and young adults, offering an effective tool for both assessing and treating diabetes distress. TunedIn, a mobile phone application grounded in cognitive behavioral therapy, reduced diabetes distress by approximately 50 % while improving HbA1c, emphasizing the theoretical foundation of diabetes distress as an emotional response to living with diabetes. Comprehensive telehealth solutions have also been shown to be feasible, reducing diabetes distress and improving glycemic outcomes at a reasonable cost without utilizing additional staffing resources. Overall, digital health solutions present a scalable and effective approach to mitigating diabetes distress. However, successful integration into clinical practice requires addressing implementation barriers, improving accessibility, and ensuring culturally tailored interventions. Future research should refine these technologies and explore long-term impacts, with the goal of enhancing both psychological well-being and diabetes management outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise, anxiety, and depression: A theory analysis and evidence synthesis of the exercise and self-esteem model for health professions students","authors":"Matthew J. Wright ,&nbsp;Virginia L. Valentin","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence demonstrates that difficulties with mental health are common among health professions students. Anxiety and depression are commonly experienced in medical, nursing, and physician assistant education as documented in many cross-sectional studies conducted in these populations. Exercise may represent a potential intervention to mitigate anxiety and depression, which may be partly explained by the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model (ESEM). This narrative review aimed to perform a theory assessment and evidence synthesis of the ESEM as it relates to health professions students. The secondary aim of this review was to determine the ESEM's applicability to health professions students based on the magnitude of findings in the current literature. To perform the evidence synthesis, PubMed searches were performed between June 2024 to March 2025 for evidence supporting each step of the model as related to health professions students. Currently, the literature demonstrates benefits in medical and nursing education, but is lacking in other health professions students. Students learning in high-stress academic environments may benefit from exercise interventions in their curricula, but more evidence is needed in these student populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating traditional medicine with network pharmacology for Alzheimer's treatment","authors":"Sunil Kumar Kadiri,&nbsp;Prashant Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A progressive neurological disease with a high global prevalence, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory impairment. Due to their primary focus on either a single signaling route or a particular molecular target, current treatment methods have shown limited success. An overview of the area is given in this review, along with an examination of possible supplementary remedies provided by traditional medicine, which takes a holistic approach. We examine attempts to combine network pharmacology, a cutting-edge method that offers deeper understanding of intricate biological processes, with traditional medicine. Compound-target interactions are examined via network pharmacology, which emphasizes the complementary benefits of traditional Chinese herbal remedies. Addressing the various pathways linked to AD enables it to target a variety of mechanisms, such as tau phosphorylation, oxidative stress, amyloid-beta accumulation, and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, the available evidence encourages pharmaceutical industries to consider herbs such as <em>Ginkgo biloba, Curcuma longa</em>, and <em>Panax ginseng</em> for AD management. Network pharmacology offers a valuable tool to validate their efficacy by predicting the molecular targets of compounds associated with amyloid-beta toxicity, tau hyperphosphorylation, and oxidative stress modulation. However, significant challenges remain in combining network pharmacology with traditional medicine, such as the standardization of herbal extracts and clinical validation of their effects. Despite being in its early stages, this multifaceted approach holds great promise for the development of more effective therapeutics with tangible clinical benefits for AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenesis of myocardial infarction in young adults","authors":"Moses D. Manumbu M.D ,&nbsp;Dama Faniriatsoa Henrio Marcellin ,&nbsp;Junxi Liao ,&nbsp;Prof. Shi Ruizheng M.D, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite advancements in medicine, ischemic heart diseases continue to be the leading cause of death, with myocardial infarction (MI) being the most severe form. Commonly diagnosed in today's population, MI incidents have been increasing, particularly among young adults. This stage of life is critical and significantly affects the socioeconomic well-being of the community. Several risk factors contribute to the prevalence of MI in young adults, including smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and a family history of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, factors like obesity, diabetes, and substance abuse also play a significant role. However, since most risk factors are modifiable, the incidence of MI can be reduced, emphasizing the need for increased awareness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for implementation of patient and family-centered care in the perioperative context: A scoping review","authors":"Bernard Atinyagrika Adugbire,&nbsp;Portia Janine Jordan,&nbsp;Cornelle Young,&nbsp;Chinwe Iwu-Jaja","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}