Health sciences review (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Defining resilience for global healthcare workforce: A narrative review","authors":"Prachi Pundir ,&nbsp;Shilpa Sadanand ,&nbsp;Varadharajan Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Anil G Jacob ,&nbsp;Salim Sebaoui ,&nbsp;Adeel Shareef ,&nbsp;Oommen John ,&nbsp;Ashish Manwar","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objectives of the review were to examine commonly used definitions of resilience in the healthcare domain, analyse these definitions through the socio-ecological framework and identify the different dimensions of resilience relevant to healthcare workers. A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE database, and screening was performed at two levels. Data were extracted from the selected studies using Excel spreadsheets.</div><div>Definitions of resilience were extracted from 54 included studies. The highest number of studies focused on health worker resilience (<em>n</em> = 35), followed by studies on the general population and organizational well-being (<em>n</em> = 19). Based on the socio-ecological model, the definitions of resilience at micro-, meso‑ and macro-levels were summarized. Resilience is the ability to adapt or recover from stressors using a positive approach to achieve well-being, and positive health and social outcomes. Similarly, resilience at the meso‑ and macro-levels, is the ability of an individual, community or systems to adapt to or withstand hardship, and even thrive despite adversity as well as recover from stressors using a positive approach to achieve favourable health outcomes before, during, after and beyond any given event. The analysed literature was closely aligned with the broader domain of healthcare systems.</div><div>This review provides a description of resilience through different dimensions such as time of occurrence of the event, and type of exposure or response. A systems-based approach is critical for comprehending and enhancing resilience, as opposed to reductionist definitions. This approach emphasizes integrating multiple disciplines to study and describe resilience, rather than seeking a single definition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota gut-brain axis dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease: From pathogenesis to potential treatments – A review","authors":"Bilal Salman ,&nbsp;Rima Haidar ,&nbsp;Vivian Faour ,&nbsp;Wissam Abou Ali ,&nbsp;Lea Aridi ,&nbsp;Frederic Harb ,&nbsp;Sami Azar ,&nbsp;Ziad Abi Khattar ,&nbsp;Hilda E. Ghadieh","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease whose incidence continues to steadily escalate and recently, Gut Microbiome (GM) dysbiosis has been identified as a prominent player in AD pathophysiology. The following review delves deeper into the recent developments over the last decade in the Microbiota Gut-Brain Axis (MGBA), its association with AD, and its modulation as a mean of treating AD patients. This review explores the possibility of treating AD by attempting to reverse GM dysbiosis using Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonists (GLP1RA) such as Semaglutide, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), and Phage therapy. The compiled evidence shows that Semaglutide’s neuroprotective effect lies in its ability to reduce the burden of Amyloid-β (Aβ), Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs), and neuroinflammation in AD patients by reversing GM dysbiosis, glucose hypometabolism, and oxidative stress. Similarly, FMT reverses GM dysbiosis and changes the metabolic profile by modulating the release of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), improving MGBA communication, delaying cognitive impairment, and ameliorating neurodegeneration. Phage therapy can be used to modulate the diversity and the genera that constitute GM by targeting and eliminating the pathogenic microbes, improving MGBA communication and enhancing cognition, memory, and executive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Factors associated with compassion fatigue among front line healthcare workers from low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review” [Health Sciences Review 18 (2026) 1-7/100250]","authors":"Tony Phu ,&nbsp;Sonja Kram ,&nbsp;Eric Tuia ,&nbsp;Ashish Manwar ,&nbsp;Prachi Pundir","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment techniques in preclinical and clinical stroke studies","authors":"Bijoyani Ghosh ,&nbsp;Swagata Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Anita Kumari,&nbsp;Ushmita Mukherjee,&nbsp;Anirban Barik,&nbsp;Nikita Malik,&nbsp;Akshada Dubey,&nbsp;Gautam Karmarkar,&nbsp;Tejal Yeole,&nbsp;Vinod Pothulothu Naik,&nbsp;Aishika Datta,&nbsp;Pallab Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stroke is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Thus, necessitating its accurate and timely diagnosis, along with differentiation of the stroke subtype. Assessment techniques in both preclinical and clinical setup encompasses deciphering pathology and evaluating treatment efficacy. Such assessments are pivotal for constructing favorable patient outcome in stroke. In the preclinical aspect, methods involving <em>in vivo</em>imaging and behavioral tests, along with <em>ex vivo</em> staining procedures, biochemical, molecular and mitochondrial assays, are implemented in different animal stroke models. Whereas in the clinical aspect, advanced neuroimaging techniques such as, MRI, CT, PET, and SPECT, also recently assisted with AI-based analysis are the basis for stroke assessment. Certain blood-based biomarkers are also being evaluated in pre-clinical and clinical domains to serve as reference for assessment of stroke subtype and prognosis prediction. In this review, we attempt outline key assessment techniques across both domains, while highlighting their significance in stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with compassion fatigue among front line healthcare workers from low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review","authors":"Tony Phu ,&nbsp;Sonja Kram ,&nbsp;Eric Tuia ,&nbsp;Ashish Manwar ,&nbsp;Prachi Pundir","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compassion fatigue, also referred to as secondary traumatic stress or vicarious traumatisation, is characterised by a reduction in intrinsic empathy for others (patients), associated with mental and emotional exhaustion caused by ongoing exposure towards individuals suffering from emotional, physical, mental or spiritual trauma. This condition is often found in front-line healthcare workers such as nurses, doctors and allied health professionals, particularly those working under stressful conditions, with lower levels of support. This narrative review aimed to identify factors associated with compassion fatigue in low- and middle-income countries as defined by the World Bank.</div><div>The database search in MEDLINE (via PubMed) and an additional search in Google Scholar resulted in 595 hits, of which 38 were included in the review.</div><div>The key findings illustrated that CF was associated with individual factors like feelings of fear, resilience and coping strategies, and systems level factors such as intense workload and difficult role demands.</div><div>This narrative review highlights the significant impact of compassion fatigue on frontline healthcare workers in low- and middle-income countries. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance individual resilience and organizational support, aiming to create a more sustainable and compassionate healthcare environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin icodec: A once-weekly basal insulin on the horizon for diabetes management with implications for hospital care transitions","authors":"Kai Xu ,&nbsp;Kimberly Hardin ,&nbsp;Demi Lenox-Riccelli ,&nbsp;Alpesh N. Amin","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Once-weekly basal insulin brings with it the promise of reduced treatment burden and the potential to usher in a new era of diabetes care. Practical guidance is needed for this paradigm shift in insulin administration in real-world hospital settings. This narrative review summarizes efficacy and safety findings on the once-weekly basal insulin icodec from the ONWARDS global clinical trial program, relying on both systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We rely primarily on clinical trial data, which includes some limited real-world hospital data. We explore the potential opportunities for enhanced, long-acting insulin to facilitate the care of hospitalized patients and avoid hypoglycemia, as well as optimize care continuum goals, all important management strategies for hospital medicine physicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pterostilbene: An influential neuronutraceutical to effectively counteract different neuropathologies","authors":"Surekha Kadannagari ,&nbsp;Suhrud Pathak ,&nbsp;Keyi Liu ,&nbsp;Mary Liz Hill ,&nbsp;Nicholas Roth ,&nbsp;Anna Cate Tanner ,&nbsp;Satyanarayana Pondugula ,&nbsp;Muhammed Majeed ,&nbsp;Kalyanam Nagabhushanam ,&nbsp;Pooja a Chawla ,&nbsp;Viney Chawla ,&nbsp;Kamal Dua ,&nbsp;Vetriselvan Subramaniyan ,&nbsp;Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural bioactive-based pharmacological treatments are now viewed as a promising long-term complement or alternative to conventional therapy. With its billions of neurons, the brain is a dynamic, intricate network that interacts to govern every bodily function. Neurodegenerative diseases can develop from the disruption of neuronal function, which is the fundamental unit of the nervous system. Growing data indicate a rise in brain-affecting conditions, which are nevertheless defined by limited treatment alternatives. The need to discover novel, non-invasive methods to stop the degeneration of neurons is crucial. Natural bioactives exhibit a diverse spectrum of chemical structures that can exert a range of pharmacological and toxicological effects, ultimately leading to neuroprotection or neurotoxicity. These pharmacodynamic qualities can have a beneficial or detrimental influence on global human and animal healthcare. Pterostilbene is a substance used in Greek, Chinese, and Ayurvedic medicine, well-known for its numerous therapeutic uses. The reported beneficial effects of resveratrol and pterostilbene have stimulated renewed scientific interest in recent years. Dimethyl ether analog of resveratrol, called Pterostilbene, is a naturally occurring bioactive that is metabolically stable and has demonstrated significant pharmacological actions. Resveratrol and pterostilbene share significant pharmacological similarities, and both are widely regarded as safe for human consumption. Most research focuses on resveratrol, with very few studies investigating pterostilbene. Thus, the current study has reviewed and included the neuro-nutraceutical value of Pterostilbene, which helps for preventive and therapeutic purposes for various neurological pathologies. Pterostilbene has been shown to be beneficial in treating various diseases affecting the central nervous system, according to research; however, there is a lack of clinical data regarding its effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of adiponectin in experimental models of ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sedigheh Behrouzifar ,&nbsp;Habibollah Esmaily","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adiponectin, a pleiotropic adipokine, exerts neuroprotective actions in ischemic stroke through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized preclinical evidence on the effects of adiponectin in experimental models of cerebral ischemia. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar (1995–2024) identified rodent studies employing the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and reporting infarct volume or neurological outcomes. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and PROSPERO registration (CRD42023460289), two independent reviewers performed data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment. Eighteen eligible studies (<em>n</em> = 1309 animals) demonstrated that adiponectin markedly reduced infarct volume (SMD = –3.18; 95% CI: –4.12 to –2.25; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; I² = 86%) and improved neurological scores (SMD = –2.17; 95% CI: –2.84 to –1.51; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; I² = 82%), indicating a reduction in ischemic injury. Molecular analyses revealed lower levels of apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3, BAX, TUNEL-positive cells), inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF-α), and oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG), alongside increased expression of neuroprotective proteins (BCL-2, SOD, p-AMPK, BDNF, VEGF, eNOS). Collectively, preclinical evidence supports the neuroprotective potential of adiponectin against ischemic brain injury. Nevertheless, study heterogeneity and low-to-moderate certainty of evidence highlight the need for standardized, adequately powered animal studies before translation to clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of natural products in cardiovascular diseases","authors":"Kiersten Ward ,&nbsp;Laney Haas ,&nbsp;Caroline Leeling ,&nbsp;Luke Morgan ,&nbsp;Peyton Jacobs ,&nbsp;Suhrud Pathak ,&nbsp;Keyi Liu ,&nbsp;Pooja A Chawla ,&nbsp;Alexander Chi Wang Siu ,&nbsp;Kamal Dua ,&nbsp;Vetriselvan Subramaniyan ,&nbsp;Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran ,&nbsp;Viney Chawla","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2026.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A potential new therapy and preventative option for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the use of natural ingredients.CVDs are a broad category of disorders that impact the heart and blood vessels, causing a substantial amount of morbidity and mortality on a global scale.The pathophysiology of CVD is examined in this article, with emphasis placed on important aspects like genetic mutations, atherosclerosis, and lifestyle choices that cause cardiac abnormalities.These flaws may affect blood flow and heart function, potentially leading to insufficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to critical organs.This study examines the diverse range of bioactive substances with cardioprotective properties that are extracted from plants, herbs, and other natural sources.Antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory activity, lipid profile modification, and enhanced endothelial function are some of the main mechanisms of action.Specific substances emphasized for their roles in lowering hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial ischemia include flavonoids, polyphenols, and omega-3 fatty acids.The articleemphasizes the significance of natural products in comprehensive cardiovascular care and explores how they can complement traditional therapies.We can improve methods for treating and preventing CVD by understanding the therapeutic potential of these natural chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe malaria in Cameroon: a systematic review of a sticky problem and associated challenges to guide public health strategies in Africa","authors":"Loick P. Kojom Foko ,&nbsp;Michel M. Yop Kite ,&nbsp;Megane D. Malieuze Nanfah ,&nbsp;Verónica M. Binam Nkot ,&nbsp;Sandrine S. Beack Bayengue ,&nbsp;Martin L. Koanga Mogtomo","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe malaria (SM) is a possible outcome of infection with <em>Plasmodium spp</em>. parasites. Cameroon, a malaria endemic country, has made enormous progress in the control of malaria over the last two decades; however, some points, such as SM, need to be better understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review presents a comprehensive and critical view of the existing Cameroonian literature on SM over the last 40 years, with the final objective to identify major challenges for Cameroon and Africa. Relevant databases (PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were queried to identify potentially eligible studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review identified 52 relevant studies. SM, only due to <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em>, is the main reason for hospitalisation, at varying rates (∼9.09 % – 66.3 %). Neurological disorders (i.e., cerebral malaria – 2.7 % - 100 %, convulsions – 24.6 % - 91.7 %, prostration – 5.5 % - 61.9 %, and impaired consciousness – 15.9 % - 56.3 %%) are the predominant SM signs, followed by other signs such as hyperpyrexia (∼36 % – 68.2 %) and severe malarial anaemia (∼14.9 % – 64.8 %). Atypical signs, including severe thrombocytopenia and abundant epistaxis, are also seen in SM.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Addressing SM is a crucial step in tackling malaria, but some unexplored knowledge gaps, such as the clinical impact of concurrent bacterial infections, Epstein-Barr virus, <em>pfhrp2</em> deletions, malnutrition, and the gut microbiome, should be addressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}