Sara M. Tinsley-Vance , Tina M. Mason , Rami S. Komrokji
{"title":"An integrative review of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia: A different focus in malignant hematology","authors":"Sara M. Tinsley-Vance , Tina M. Mason , Rami S. Komrokji","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/background</h3><div>An improved understanding of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia among patients with hematologic malignancies can improve their health outcomes. Patients with hematologic malignancies are affected by cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia, but this aspect of their care is rarely studied. This review aims to increase awareness and knowledge of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia for patients with hematologic malignancies through a comprehensive synthesis of current research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An integrative literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies published between 2012 and 2022 using search terms of hematologic malignancies and cancer-related cachexia or sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-nine studies were examined with data on 5,687 patients, primarily diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results are grouped by themes identified in the studies of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia in hematologic cancers. The major themes identified were health outcomes, patient identification, transplant effects, and sex differences. Cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia are associated with decreased overall survival and progression-free survival, similar to solid tumors. Cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia reduce tolerance to chemotherapy and increase hematologic toxicities. With this effect, biomarkers and cachexia prognostic scores are available to improve patient identification, prognostication, and support. These affected individuals will benefit from increased awareness by the healthcare team to tailor care and mitigate the deleterious effects of the condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melissa M. Elder , Yves Paul Vincent Mbous , Toni Marie Rudisill , George A. Kelley
{"title":"Screening for pancreatic cancer among smokers as high-risk individuals: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Melissa M. Elder , Yves Paul Vincent Mbous , Toni Marie Rudisill , George A. Kelley","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The main objective of this study was to conduct an aggregate data systematic review with meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to determine the association between imaging screening for smoking and early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eligible studies included the following: 1) prospective cohort studies conducted in humans, 2) appropriate imaging screening method, 3) participants categorized into smoking as a high-risk group with no reported genetic disposition for PC, 4) no prior diagnosis of PC, 5) studies which detected and diagnosed adenocarcinoma following baseline screening, 6) data available for our primary outcome, PC, 7) studies published in the English language from January 1, 1992 to July 22, 2024. Any studies not meeting all of the above criteria were excluded. Information sources included the following: 1) PubMed, 2) CINAHL, 3) Scopus, 4) Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), 5) NIH National Cancer Institute's Division of Cancer Prevention, 6) Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, 7) ProQuest, 8) The British Medical Journal's <em>Gut</em> and <em>Pancreatology</em>, 9) Clinicaltrials.gov. The date of the last search (PubMed) was conducted on July 22, 2024. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaborations Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Exposures [<span><span>2</span></span>] instrument. Small-study effects (publication bias, etc.) was assessed using the Doi plot and LFK index. The effect size metric for the primary outcome, PC, was the odds ratio (OR). Odd's ratios were pooled using the inverse-variance (IVhet) model. The strength/certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five retrospective cohort studies representing 3,517 patients met the criteria for inclusion, 944 of whom were smokers. Two of the five studies reported the exact diagnosis stage for smokers. Among cases of pancreatic cancer (<em>n</em> = 34), the estimated effect of smoking suggested harm (OR = 2.24, 95 % CI, 0.96 to 5.23) though with weak statistical significance (<em>p</em> = 0.06). Statistically significant heterogeneity (<em>Q</em> = 11.1, <em>p</em> = 0.03) and moderate inconsistency (<em>I<sup>2</sup></em> = 63.9 %, 95 % CI, 5.0 to 86.3 %) were observed. The 95 % prediction interval (PI) was 0.15 to 32.38. Risk of bias, based on ROBINS-E ranged from high to very high, with very low certainty of evidence based on the GRADE assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While not statistically significant, our findings suggest that smokers may be at an increased odds of having pancreatic cancer. However, these findings need to be interpreted with respect to the high risk of bias and very low certainty of evidence observed. A need exists for additional, well-designed studies that include intentional assessment of scr","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of reduced perineal lacerations during delivery: A systematic review","authors":"Li-Li Chen , Meei-Ling Gau , Mei-Zen Huang , Chin-Hsing Tsai , Fang-Ting Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various interventions to reduce perineal lacerations during childbirth have been reported, but no systematic assessment of each intervention's impact has been conducted. This study conducted an umbrella review to describe and categorize various interventions for preventing perineal lacerations and evaluate their outcomes.</div><div>The review included studies on perineal laceration interventions during childbirth from existing quantitative systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis. A comprehensive search conducted up to September 2023 spanned eight bibliometric databases and gray literature sources. Two reviewers independently assessed five systematic reviews using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and extracted data with a standardized tool. Findings were summarized in a tabular format with supporting text.</div><div>Of the 57 articles initially shortlisted, six were selected for in-depth analysis. These reviews included 77 randomized controlled trials involving 27,782 patients. Perineal massages and antenatal pelvic floor exercises were identified as the most effective interventions, both of which shortened the second stage of labor and reduced laceration rates. The efficacy of other interventions remains uncertain due to limited research. Future studies should explore the impact of varying intensities and frequencies of perineal massages throughout pregnancy. Integrating these practices into antenatal education and routine midwifery care could further improve clinical outcomes and prevent perineal lacerations during labor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alaa Ramadan , Alaa R. Ashour , Alaa M. Sadek , Esraa Zakaria , Eman Zakaria , Aya Abdelhafez Hasan , Doaa A. Salah , Omnia Abdelfattah , Aml Kamal , Esraa Salah , Abdelrahman M. Elettreby , Mohamed Abouzid , Amogh verma , Nathan Ezie Kengo , Eptehal Dongol
{"title":"Revitalizing respiration: A comprehensive review of oxygen therapy in interstitial lung diseases","authors":"Alaa Ramadan , Alaa R. Ashour , Alaa M. Sadek , Esraa Zakaria , Eman Zakaria , Aya Abdelhafez Hasan , Doaa A. Salah , Omnia Abdelfattah , Aml Kamal , Esraa Salah , Abdelrahman M. Elettreby , Mohamed Abouzid , Amogh verma , Nathan Ezie Kengo , Eptehal Dongol","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) encompass a diverse group of disorders characterised by inflammation and fibrosis, leading to significant impairment in lung function and quality of life. With the increasing prevalence of ILDs, managing these conditions has become a pressing medical and economic challenge. Oxygen therapy is crucial in ILD management, offering benefits beyond hypoxemia correction, including symptom relief and potential influence on disease progression. However, patient compliance, long-term use, side effects, and the psychosocial impact of therapy present ongoing challenges. This narrative review examines the critical role of oxygen therapy in ILDs, highlighting its current applications, associated challenges, and emerging innovations such as targeted therapies, personalized oxygen delivery, and advancements in technology that promise to enhance patient care in this complex field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deciphering the intricacies of immune system dysfunction and its impact on diabetes mellitus: Revisiting the communication strategies to manage diabetes mellitus","authors":"Vaibhav , Saikh Shireen Nishad , Dipali Dongare , Adhrit Chandra Pati Tripathi , Tripti Tripathi , Pratima Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic condition, accounting for over 90% of diabetes cases globally, characterized by insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia. Beyond metabolic dysfunction, T2DM is associated with significant immune system alterations, including impaired macrophage, neutrophil, and natural killer cell functions. These immune dysfunctions contribute to increased susceptibility to infections, inflammation, and complications in diabetic individuals. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers an inflammatory response that weakens the body's immune defenses, further complicating disease management. This review delves into the intricate interplay between T2DM and the immune system, emphasizing how immune cell dysfunction exacerbates insulin resistance and impacts infection control. It also explores the role of pro-inflammatory markers and cellular responses in T2DM pathophysiology. Additionally, the article examines innovative strategies for managing T2DM, such as personalized medicine, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. Personalized medicine tailors treatment to individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, while telemedicine facilitates remote monitoring and care. Artificial intelligence aids in early detection, personalized treatment plans, and enhanced patient management. By addressing both immune system alterations and advanced management strategies, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of T2DM and advocates for a more integrated approach to improve outcomes and patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harnessing the power of natural products against bacterial urinary tract infections: A perspective review for cultivating solutions","authors":"Rahima Tanbin Tama , Md. Sakhawat Hossain , Md. Ashikur Rahaman , Md. Ashraful Alam , Md-Mafizur Rahman , Anzana Parvin , Rifaia Sultana Chowdhury , Md. Shahidul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent and recurrent bacterial infection affecting millions of people across the world, often necessitating antibiotic treatment. However, the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, commonly known as \"superbugs,\" has complicated the treatment process. This perspective review summarized the mechanisms of herbal or natural therapeutics intervention in UTI from the perspective of UTI bacterial pathogenesis. Initially, the review explores the mechanism of UTI development, identifying the types of UTI-causing bacteria, the complexity of UTI infection, and the human host's immune system against UTI. Then, this review synthesizes the active compounds of natural therapeutics for UTI, exploring their active compounds, efficacy, and mechanisms of action. After that, we summarized the emerging research on herbal compound interventions in UTI and analyzed the literature in this regard, including clinical applications, suggestions for potential natural bioactive compound consumption with the aim of UTI complications, as well as the association between novel mechanisms of UTI remission with the potential for active natural compounds intervention. Finally, we noted key future recommendations for using natural therapeutics. In conclusion, this review sheds light on the potential role of herbal or natural compounds in UTI treatment, from proposed mechanisms to prospects, offering a promising alternative or complement to conventional therapies in relieving UTIs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000527/pdfft?md5=97985aa6af8e26f4cd9178c95c273045&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000527-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unveiling the therapeutic potential of butein: A comprehensive review","authors":"Pougang Golmei, Sweta Kasna, Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This exhaustive review examines the therapeutic possibilities of butein, an organic compound sourced from plants, which has a long history in traditional medicine. Initiating with an investigation of plant-based remedies in native societies, the review emphasizes the importance of researching the physiological effects of plant-derived chemicals. The multifaceted biological activities of butein, encompassing its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective properties are systematically analyzed. Detailed discussions elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these activities and the wide-ranging applications of butein in managing various illnesses such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular ailments. The article also explores the challenges associated with developing butein as a therapeutic agent, including issues with bioavailability and toxicity. The authors deliberate on diverse approaches to surmount these obstacles, incorporating the application of innovative drug delivery systems and the synthesis of artificial analogs. On the whole, this review offers a thorough outline of the therapeutic potential of butein and underscores the significance of investigating plant-based compounds for the formulation of novel medications. It is deduced that butein holds substantial promise as a therapeutic remedy, necessitating further exploration to fully comprehend its mechanisms of operation and potential applications in clinical environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000503/pdfft?md5=9b3960f2d13a8b570acd42c1a6bfc0d4&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000503-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancements in ulcerative colitis management: A critical assessment of etrasimod therapy","authors":"Kushal Seni , Aniket Saini , Rabin Debnath , Arshdeep Singh , Anjali Sharma , Deepak Singh Bisht , Viney Chawla , Pooja A Chawla","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the colon that occurs due to the disruption in the epithelial barrier and immunological responses. In UC the episodes of inflammation are relapsing and remitting in the colonic mucosa. Etrasimod, an S1P receptor modulator, is a potential therapy for UC. The goal of this review is to compile the data related to effectiveness and safety studies of etrasimod in the treatment of UC. Pre-clinical and clinical studies examine how etrasimod affects many aspects of UC pathophysiology, including S1P receptor regulation, immune cell migration, and improved gut barrier function. Etrasimod mainly inhibits the lymphocytes entry into the peripheral blood and prevents the migration of lymphocytes into the inflammation cycle. This article gives a comprehensive account of several factors linked to etrasimod and ulcerative colitis, including the pathology of ulcerative colitis, US-FDA approved treatment for UC, mechanism of action of etrasimod, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic data of etrasimod, reported risk and related aspects and completed and ongoing clinical trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000497/pdfft?md5=4a3196e7ca54c973b37354acd69e2153&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000497-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142002102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shabnam Naher , Sabbir Pervez , Feroz Ahmed , Odunayo Elijah , Md. Toslim Mahmud , KM Saif-Ur-Rahman
{"title":"Effectiveness of take-home methadone treatment among patients with opioid use disorders during COVID-19: A systematic review","authors":"Shabnam Naher , Sabbir Pervez , Feroz Ahmed , Odunayo Elijah , Md. Toslim Mahmud , KM Saif-Ur-Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the global overdose crisis, increased opioid-related deaths and highlighted the need for innovative treatment strategies. This study critically evaluates the efficacy of take-home methadone for patients with opioid use disorders (OUDs) during public health emergencies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Adhering to PRISMA reporting guidelines, this systematic review scrutinized RCTs and quasi-experimental studies on opioid agonist treatments (OATs), notably methadone, from Medline, Web of Science (core collection), Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, spanning January 2020 to May 2024. It targeted global patients of any age, contrasting take-home methadone with in-clinic dosing, omitting non-English studies or those solely analyzing program delivery modifications without take-home dose discussions. Key outcomes included emergency room (ER) visits, treatment retention, overdose rates, alongside secondary outcomes like patient health, quality of life (QoL), and satisfaction. Registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023474723), the review prioritized treatment impacts and language inclusivity.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The final search yielded 1,222 records, with two studies included (four records). Despite included only two studies (four records) due to a focused selection criterion, findings indicate overall participant satisfaction with take-home methadone, suggesting its potential as a viable treatment modality during public health emergencies. However, the limited study number and focus on indirect outcome measures underscore the need for further comprehensive research.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>This review champions flexible dosing, technology integration, and stigma reduction in OUD treatment, urging longitudinal research on take-home methadone's continued impacts. Despite constraints, it enriches OUD management for enhanced public health outcomes, highlighting future research avenues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772632024000485/pdfft?md5=8bd31289558931817ddcf45aa0a4d193&pid=1-s2.0-S2772632024000485-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}