Health sciences review (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"A Review of Healthcare Challenges in the UK and the US: Medical Errors, Aging, Private Healthcare and Governance","authors":"John S. Bolwell","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deaths and serious injuries caused by medical errors continue to beset the healthcare systems of all developed countries. Most are due to failures in the processes of care exacerbated by poor communication between healthcare providers and with patients, particularly the elderly with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. The global phenomenon of aging populations due to declining birthrates and increased life expectancy may have detrimental consequences for societies and is briefly considered. The most common medical errors are failure to diagnose, misdiagnoses, failure to treat, surgical and anesthetic errors, negligent postoperative care, medication errors, failure to order, or act on, laboratory tests, and birth injuries (mother and baby). Estimated numbers of deaths vary widely, for example 22,000 to 40,000 in the UK and 98,000 to 251,000 in the US which attests to the complexity of accurate quantification. Regardless of the true magnitude there is no doubt that several deaths due to preventable medical errors occur in each hospital every year and there are 1,148 public and private hospitals in the UK and 6,120 in the US. The history and efficacy of preventative measures such as continuing professional development, continuity of care, multi-disciplinary-team management and quality assurance programs are summarized. The UK and the US have worse healthcare outcomes and shorter average life expectancies than comparable developed countries and these issues are discussed. Reforms which might contribute to the delivery of safe, universal and sustainable healthcare in the UK and the US are reviewed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combatting multi-drug resistance in urinary tract infections among diabetic populations: A perspective review","authors":"Rahima Tanbin Tama ,&nbsp;Md. Sakhawat Hossain ,&nbsp;Md. Shahidul Islam ,&nbsp;Rifaia Sultana Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Md. Ashikur Rahaman ,&nbsp;Md. Ashraful Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition that lowers life expectancy and quality of life when left untreated or improperly managed. Infections, both common and pathogenic, such as emphysematous pyelonephritis, malignant otitis externa, mucormycosis, and Fournier's gangrene, are more common in diabetic patients. Because patients with diabetes have a lower prognosis and more frequent Urinary tract infections (UTIs) than those without diabetes. Based on the literature, we carried out a review study that examined the characteristics of the prevalence of UTIs among diabetic patients in various countries over time, as well as the associated risk factors, processes, and therapeutic issues. The results show that compared to people without diabetes, diabetic patients with UTIs have higher rates of hospitalization, recurrence, and mortality, as well as a more frequent evolution to bacteremia. Pregnancy, advanced age, multidrug-resistant bacteria, and the length of a patient's diabetes seem to be the potential risk factors that have been found. With rare exceptions, the antibiotic susceptibility profile and bacterial strains responsible for UTIs in patients with DM are similar to those in non-diabetics; nonetheless, careful selection of antimicrobial agents, and treatment duration should match that needed for complicated UTIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difference in nicotine metabolism as a potential factor causing disparities in tobacco consumption estimates by wastewater-based epidemiology","authors":"Min-Tz Weng ,&nbsp;Kathryn J Steadman ,&nbsp;Kelly Zhong ,&nbsp;Maryam Al-Gharibeh ,&nbsp;Qiuda Zheng ,&nbsp;Phong K Thai","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can be used for estimating tobacco consumption at a population level. It involves analysing wastewater for the nicotine biomarkers cotinine (COT) and 3-hydroxycotinine (3HC). However, large discrepancies between WBE estimates for tobacco consumption compared to surveys and sales data have been reported. We hypothesise it could be partly related to genetic differences in CYP2A6 enzyme activity affecting COT and 3HC excretion. To review the use of COT and 3HC excretion factors within WBE calculations of tobacco consumption, a literature search for relevant articles was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Medline. A total of 34 papers were identified across the Americas, Oceania, Asian and European regions. In contrast to the other regions, 100 % of WBE cases involving East and Southeast Asian populations exhibited an underestimation of tobacco use when compared to surveys or sales data. The excretion factors used across all 34 papers had been derived from urine samples from predominantly White populations. People of Asian descent tend to have lower urinary concentrations of COT and 3HC than White populations due to slower CYP2A6 enzyme activity diverting nicotine metabolism towards non-CYP2A6 pathways. We show that using excretion factors that better represent Asian populations in WBE calculations can result in more accurate estimates of tobacco use. Measurement and use of excretion factors tailored to specific ethnic backgrounds can be expected to enhance the precision of WBE analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods to train and evaluate clinical communication skills of medical professionals and medical interpreters","authors":"Naoko Ono ,&nbsp;Jinghua Yang ,&nbsp;Taeko Hamai","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is increasing recognition of the importance of communication through medical interpreters in medical care provision for foreigners. However, there is no established method for developing the communication skills of medical interpreters. This literature review summarized methods of communication skills training and evaluation for medical professionals, and investigated the applicability of such methods to medical interpreters. A literature review was performed according to the process described in the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Literature Search Extension), a guideline for systematic reviews in healthcare. Analysis of the extracted articles showed that 13 articles described original communication skills training programs for medical professionals, and 5 articles described pre-existing programs. A common evaluation method was the comparison of questionnaire survey responses before and after training. The results were used to identify key recommendations for future directions in establishing methods for developing the communication skills of medical interpreters. Most studies were on CST programs for oncology, and most used in-person training programs. This review clarified currently used methods of training and evaluating the clinical communication skills of medical professionals, and their potential applicability to medical interpreters. The findings indicate the need to develop communication skills training programs tailored to situations that medical interpreters encounter in their work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Four-Year Journey of Health Sciences Review with Innovation and Growth","authors":"Burcin Ekser","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrative review of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia: A different focus in malignant hematology","authors":"Sara M. Tinsley-Vance ,&nbsp;Tina M. Mason ,&nbsp;Rami S. Komrokji","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/background</h3><div>An improved understanding of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia among patients with hematologic malignancies can improve their health outcomes. Patients with hematologic malignancies are affected by cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia, but this aspect of their care is rarely studied. This review aims to increase awareness and knowledge of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia for patients with hematologic malignancies through a comprehensive synthesis of current research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An integrative literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies published between 2012 and 2022 using search terms of hematologic malignancies and cancer-related cachexia or sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-nine studies were examined with data on 5,687 patients, primarily diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results are grouped by themes identified in the studies of cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia in hematologic cancers. The major themes identified were health outcomes, patient identification, transplant effects, and sex differences. Cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia are associated with decreased overall survival and progression-free survival, similar to solid tumors. Cancer-related cachexia and sarcopenia reduce tolerance to chemotherapy and increase hematologic toxicities. With this effect, biomarkers and cachexia prognostic scores are available to improve patient identification, prognostication, and support. These affected individuals will benefit from increased awareness by the healthcare team to tailor care and mitigate the deleterious effects of the condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for pancreatic cancer among smokers as high-risk individuals: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Melissa M. Elder ,&nbsp;Yves Paul Vincent Mbous ,&nbsp;Toni Marie Rudisill ,&nbsp;George A. Kelley","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100203","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The main objective of this study was to conduct an aggregate data systematic review with meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to determine the association between imaging screening for smoking and early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Eligible studies included the following: 1) prospective cohort studies conducted in humans, 2) appropriate imaging screening method, 3) participants categorized into smoking as a high-risk group with no reported genetic disposition for PC, 4) no prior diagnosis of PC, 5) studies which detected and diagnosed adenocarcinoma following baseline screening, 6) data available for our primary outcome, PC, 7) studies published in the English language from January 1, 1992 to July 22, 2024. Any studies not meeting all of the above criteria were excluded. Information sources included the following: 1) PubMed, 2) CINAHL, 3) Scopus, 4) Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), 5) NIH National Cancer Institute's Division of Cancer Prevention, 6) Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, 7) ProQuest, 8) The British Medical Journal's &lt;em&gt;Gut&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pancreatology&lt;/em&gt;, 9) Clinicaltrials.gov. The date of the last search (PubMed) was conducted on July 22, 2024. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaborations Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Exposures [&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;] instrument. Small-study effects (publication bias, etc.) was assessed using the Doi plot and LFK index. The effect size metric for the primary outcome, PC, was the odds ratio (OR). Odd's ratios were pooled using the inverse-variance (IVhet) model. The strength/certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) instrument.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Five retrospective cohort studies representing 3,517 patients met the criteria for inclusion, 944 of whom were smokers. Two of the five studies reported the exact diagnosis stage for smokers. Among cases of pancreatic cancer (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 34), the estimated effect of smoking suggested harm (OR = 2.24, 95 % CI, 0.96 to 5.23) though with weak statistical significance (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.06). Statistically significant heterogeneity (&lt;em&gt;Q&lt;/em&gt; = 11.1, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.03) and moderate inconsistency (&lt;em&gt;I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = 63.9 %, 95 % CI, 5.0 to 86.3 %) were observed. The 95 % prediction interval (PI) was 0.15 to 32.38. Risk of bias, based on ROBINS-E ranged from high to very high, with very low certainty of evidence based on the GRADE assessment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;While not statistically significant, our findings suggest that smokers may be at an increased odds of having pancreatic cancer. However, these findings need to be interpreted with respect to the high risk of bias and very low certainty of evidence observed. A need exists for additional, well-designed studies that include intentional assessment of scr","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of reduced perineal lacerations during delivery: A systematic review","authors":"Li-Li Chen ,&nbsp;Meei-Ling Gau ,&nbsp;Mei-Zen Huang ,&nbsp;Chin-Hsing Tsai ,&nbsp;Fang-Ting Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various interventions to reduce perineal lacerations during childbirth have been reported, but no systematic assessment of each intervention's impact has been conducted. This study conducted an umbrella review to describe and categorize various interventions for preventing perineal lacerations and evaluate their outcomes.</div><div>The review included studies on perineal laceration interventions during childbirth from existing quantitative systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis. A comprehensive search conducted up to September 2023 spanned eight bibliometric databases and gray literature sources. Two reviewers independently assessed five systematic reviews using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and extracted data with a standardized tool. Findings were summarized in a tabular format with supporting text.</div><div>Of the 57 articles initially shortlisted, six were selected for in-depth analysis. These reviews included 77 randomized controlled trials involving 27,782 patients. Perineal massages and antenatal pelvic floor exercises were identified as the most effective interventions, both of which shortened the second stage of labor and reduced laceration rates. The efficacy of other interventions remains uncertain due to limited research. Future studies should explore the impact of varying intensities and frequencies of perineal massages throughout pregnancy. Integrating these practices into antenatal education and routine midwifery care could further improve clinical outcomes and prevent perineal lacerations during labor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalizing respiration: A comprehensive review of oxygen therapy in interstitial lung diseases","authors":"Alaa Ramadan ,&nbsp;Alaa R. Ashour ,&nbsp;Alaa M. Sadek ,&nbsp;Esraa Zakaria ,&nbsp;Eman Zakaria ,&nbsp;Aya Abdelhafez Hasan ,&nbsp;Doaa A. Salah ,&nbsp;Omnia Abdelfattah ,&nbsp;Aml Kamal ,&nbsp;Esraa Salah ,&nbsp;Abdelrahman M. Elettreby ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abouzid ,&nbsp;Amogh verma ,&nbsp;Nathan Ezie Kengo ,&nbsp;Eptehal Dongol","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) encompass a diverse group of disorders characterised by inflammation and fibrosis, leading to significant impairment in lung function and quality of life. With the increasing prevalence of ILDs, managing these conditions has become a pressing medical and economic challenge. Oxygen therapy is crucial in ILD management, offering benefits beyond hypoxemia correction, including symptom relief and potential influence on disease progression. However, patient compliance, long-term use, side effects, and the psychosocial impact of therapy present ongoing challenges. This narrative review examines the critical role of oxygen therapy in ILDs, highlighting its current applications, associated challenges, and emerging innovations such as targeted therapies, personalized oxygen delivery, and advancements in technology that promise to enhance patient care in this complex field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the intricacies of immune system dysfunction and its impact on diabetes mellitus: Revisiting the communication strategies to manage diabetes mellitus","authors":"Vaibhav ,&nbsp;Saikh Shireen Nishad ,&nbsp;Dipali Dongare ,&nbsp;Adhrit Chandra Pati Tripathi ,&nbsp;Tripti Tripathi ,&nbsp;Pratima Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hsr.2024.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic condition, accounting for over 90% of diabetes cases globally, characterized by insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia. Beyond metabolic dysfunction, T2DM is associated with significant immune system alterations, including impaired macrophage, neutrophil, and natural killer cell functions. These immune dysfunctions contribute to increased susceptibility to infections, inflammation, and complications in diabetic individuals. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers an inflammatory response that weakens the body's immune defenses, further complicating disease management. This review delves into the intricate interplay between T2DM and the immune system, emphasizing how immune cell dysfunction exacerbates insulin resistance and impacts infection control. It also explores the role of pro-inflammatory markers and cellular responses in T2DM pathophysiology. Additionally, the article examines innovative strategies for managing T2DM, such as personalized medicine, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. Personalized medicine tailors treatment to individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, while telemedicine facilitates remote monitoring and care. Artificial intelligence aids in early detection, personalized treatment plans, and enhanced patient management. By addressing both immune system alterations and advanced management strategies, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of T2DM and advocates for a more integrated approach to improve outcomes and patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73214,"journal":{"name":"Health sciences review (Oxford, England)","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}