{"title":"Structure of Aeropyrum pernix fibrillarin in complex with natively bound S-adenosyl-L-methionine at 1.7 Å resolution.","authors":"Udesh de Silva, Zhaoli Zhou, Bernard A Brown","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112026528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1744309112026528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibrillarin is the key methyltransferase associated with the C/D class of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and participates in the preliminary step of pre-ribosomal rRNA processing. This molecule is found in the fibrillar regions of the eukaryotic nucleolus and is involved in methylation of the 2'-O atom of ribose in rRNA. Human fibrillarin contains an N-terminal GAR domain, a central RNA-binding domain comprising an RNP-2-like superfamily consensus sequence and a catalytic C-terminal helical domain. Here, Aeropyrum pernix fibrillarin is described, which is homologous to the C-terminal domain of human fibrillarin. The protein was crystallized with an S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) ligand bound in the active site. The molecular structure of this complex was solved using X-ray crystallography at a resolution of 1.7 Å using molecular replacement with fibrillarin structural homologs. The structure shows the atomic details of SAM and its active-site interactions; there are a number of conserved residues that interact directly with the cofactor. Notably, the adenine ring of SAM is stabilized by π-π interactions with the conserved residue Phe110 and by electrostatic interactions with the Asp134, Ala135 and Gln157 residues. The π-π interaction appears to play a critical role in stabilizing the association of SAM with fibrillarin. Furthermore, comparison of A. pernix fibrillarin with homologous structures revealed different orientations of Phe110 and changes in α-helix 6 of fibrillarin and suggests key differences in its interactions with the adenine ring of SAM in the active site and with the C/D RNA. These differences may play a key role in orienting the SAM ligand for catalysis as well as in the assembly of other ribonucleoproteins and in the interactions with C/D RNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 8","pages":"854-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1107/S1744309112026528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30815444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexibility of the P-loop of Pim-1 kinase: observation of a novel conformation induced by interaction with an inhibitor.","authors":"Lorien J Parker, Hisami Watanabe, Keiko Tsuganezawa, Yuri Tomabechi, Noriko Handa, Mikako Shirouzu, Hitomi Yuki, Teruki Honma, Naoko Ogawa, Tetsuo Nagano, Shigeyuki Yokoyama, Akiko Tanaka","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112027108","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112027108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The serine/threonine kinase Pim-1 is emerging as a promising target for cancer therapeutics. Much attention has recently been focused on identifying potential Pim-1 inhibitor candidates for the treatment of haematopoietic malignancies. The outcome of a rational drug-design project has recently been reported [Nakano et al. (2012), J. Med. Chem. 55, 5151-5156]. The report described the process of optimization of the structure-activity relationship and detailed from a medicinal chemistry perspective the development of a low-potency and nonselective compound initially identified from in silico screening into a potent, selective and metabolically stable Pim-1 inhibitor. Here, the structures of the initial in silico hits are reported and the noteworthy features of the Pim-1 complex structures are described. A particular focus was placed on the rearrangement of the glycine-rich P-loop region that was observed for one of the initial compounds, (Z)-7-(azepan-1-ylmethyl)-2-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methylidene]-6-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one (compound 1), and was also found in all further derivatives. This novel P-loop conformation, which appears to be stabilized by an additional interaction with the β3 strand located above the binding site, is not usually observed in Pim-1 structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 8","pages":"860-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412761/pdf/f-68-00860.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30815445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David von Stetten, Marjolaine Noirclerc-Savoye, Joachim Goedhart, Theodorus W J Gadella, Antoine Royant
{"title":"Structure of a fluorescent protein from Aequorea victoria bearing the obligate-monomer mutation A206K.","authors":"David von Stetten, Marjolaine Noirclerc-Savoye, Joachim Goedhart, Theodorus W J Gadella, Antoine Royant","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112028667","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112028667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequoria victoria has been shown to dimerize at high concentrations, which could lead to artefacts in imaging experiments. To ensure a truly monomeric state, an A206K mutation has been introduced into most of its widely used variants, with minimal effect on the spectroscopic properties. Here, the first structure of one of these variants, the cyan fluorescent protein mTurquoise, is presented and compared with that of its dimeric version mTurquoise-K206A. No significant structural change is detected in the chromophore cavity, reinforcing the notion that this mutation is spectroscopically silent and validating that the structural analysis performed on dimeric mutants also applies to monomeric versions. Finally, it is explained why cyan versions of GFP containing the Y66W and N146I mutations do not require the A206K mutation to prevent dimerization at high concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 8","pages":"878-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412764/pdf/f-68-00878.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30814865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoko Chiba, Shoichiro Horita, Jun Ohtsuka, Hiroyuki Arai, Koji Nagata, Yasuo Igarashi, Masaru Tanokura, Masaharu Ishii
{"title":"Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a novel type of phosphoserine phosphatase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6.","authors":"Yoko Chiba, Shoichiro Horita, Jun Ohtsuka, Hiroyuki Arai, Koji Nagata, Yasuo Igarashi, Masaru Tanokura, Masaharu Ishii","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112025213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1744309112025213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two novel-type phosphoserine phosphatases (PSPs) with unique substrate specificity from the thermophilic and hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6 have previously been identified. Here, one of the PSPs (iPSP1) was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. Diffraction-quality crystals were obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using PEG 4000 as the precipitant. Two diffraction data sets with resolution ranges of 45.0-2.50 and 45.0-1.50 Å were collected from a single crystal and were merged to give a highly complete data set. The space group of the crystal was identified as primitive orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 49.8, b = 73.6, c = 124.3 Å. The calculated Matthews coefficient (V(M) = 2.32 Å(3) Da(-1)) indicated that the crystal contained one iPSP1 complex per asymmetric unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 8","pages":"911-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1107/S1744309112025213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30815942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Ruiz Carrillo, Ramya Chandrasekaran, Martina Nilsson, Tobias Cornvik, Chong Wai Liew, Suet Mien Tan, Julien Lescar
{"title":"Structure of human Rack1 protein at a resolution of 2.45 Å.","authors":"David Ruiz Carrillo, Ramya Chandrasekaran, Martina Nilsson, Tobias Cornvik, Chong Wai Liew, Suet Mien Tan, Julien Lescar","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112027480","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112027480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The crystal structure of human receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (hRack1) protein is reported at 2.45 Å resolution. The crystals belongs to space group P4(1)2(1)2, with three molecules per asymmetric unit. The hRack1 structure features a sevenfold β-propeller, with each blade housing a sequence motif that contains a strictly conserved Trp, the indole group of which is embedded between adjacent blades. In blades 1-5 the imidazole group of a His residue is wedged between the side chains of a Ser residue and an Asp residue through two hydrogen bonds. The hRack1 crystal structure forms a starting basis for understanding the remarkable scaffolding properties of this protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 8","pages":"867-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412762/pdf/f-68-00867.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30814863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mads Gabrielsen, M Florencia Rey-Burusco, Kate Griffiths, Andrew J Roe, Alan Cooper, Brian O Smith, Malcolm W Kennedy, Betina Corsico
{"title":"Two crystal forms of a helix-rich fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein, Na-FAR-1, from the parasitic nematode Necator americanus.","authors":"Mads Gabrielsen, M Florencia Rey-Burusco, Kate Griffiths, Andrew J Roe, Alan Cooper, Brian O Smith, Malcolm W Kennedy, Betina Corsico","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112023597","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112023597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Na-FAR-1 is an unusual α-helix-rich fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein from Necator americanus, a blood-feeding intestinal parasitic nematode of humans. It belongs to the FAR protein family, which is unique to nematodes; no structural information is available to date for FAR proteins from parasites. Crystals were obtained with two different morphologies that corresponded to different space groups. Crystal form 1 exhibited space group P432 (unit-cell parameters a = b = c = 120.80 Å, α = β = γ = 90°) and diffracted to 2.5 Å resolution, whereas crystal form 2 exhibited space group F23 (unit-cell parameters a = b = c = 240.38 Å, α = β = γ = 90°) and diffracted to 3.2 Å resolution. Crystal form 2 showed signs of significant twinning.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 7","pages":"835-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3388935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30730442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul K Fyfe, Gareth D Westrop, Tania Ramos, Sylke Müller, Graham H Coombs, William N Hunter
{"title":"Structure of Leishmania major cysteine synthase.","authors":"Paul K Fyfe, Gareth D Westrop, Tania Ramos, Sylke Müller, Graham H Coombs, William N Hunter","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112019124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1744309112019124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cysteine biosynthesis is a potential target for drug development against parasitic Leishmania species; these protozoa are responsible for a range of serious diseases. To improve understanding of this aspect of Leishmania biology, a crystallographic and biochemical study of L. major cysteine synthase has been undertaken, seeking to understand its structure, enzyme activity and modes of inhibition. Active enzyme was purified, assayed and crystallized in an orthorhombic form with a dimer in the asymmetric unit. Diffraction data extending to 1.8 Å resolution were measured and the structure was solved by molecular replacement. A fragment of γ-poly-D-glutamic acid, a constituent of the crystallization mixture, was bound in the enzyme active site. Although a D-glutamate tetrapeptide had insignificant inhibitory activity, the enzyme was competitively inhibited (K(i) = 4 µM) by DYVI, a peptide based on the C-terminus of the partner serine acetyltransferase with which the enzyme forms a complex. The structure surprisingly revealed that the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate had been lost during crystallization.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 7","pages":"738-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1107/S1744309112019124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30731651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Stieglitz, Katrin Rittinger, Lesley F Haire
{"title":"Crystallization of SHARPIN using an automated two-dimensional grid screen for optimization.","authors":"Benjamin Stieglitz, Katrin Rittinger, Lesley F Haire","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112022208","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112022208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An N-terminal fragment of human SHARPIN was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. Crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by a one-step optimization of seed dilution and protein concentration using a two-dimensional grid screen. The crystals belonged to the primitive tetragonal space group P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 61.55, c = 222.81 Å. Complete data sets were collected from native and selenomethionine-substituted protein crystals at 100 K to 2.6 and 2.0 Å resolution, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":"68 Pt 7","pages":"816-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3388930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30730505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jose Ignacio Baños-Sanz, Julia Sanz-Aparicio, Charles A Brearley, Beatriz González
{"title":"Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the apo form of InsP5 2-K from Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Jose Ignacio Baños-Sanz, Julia Sanz-Aparicio, Charles A Brearley, Beatriz González","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112017307","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112017307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase (IP(5) 2-K) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of phytic acid (IP(6)) from inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (IP(5)) and ATP. The first structure of IP(5) 2-K, that from Arabidopsis thaliana, has been solved previously; it only crystallized in the presence of inositol, either the substrate IP(5) or the product IP(6), and failed to crystallize in its free state (without inositol). Based on structural analysis, a point mutation of IP(5) 2-K (W129A) has been produced in order to overcome this limitation and obtain information about protein conformational changes upon substrate binding. Here, the production and crystallization of W129A IP(5) 2-K in its free state and with bound nucleotide is described. These crystals differed from the native crystals and belonged to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = 66.00, b = 68.23, c = 105.80 Å and a = 63.06, b = 71.80, c = 100.23 Å, respectively. The crystals diffracted to resolutions of 2.22 Å (apo) and 2.05 Å (nucleotide bound) using synchrotron radiation and contained one molecule per asymmetric unit. The structures have been determined using the molecular-replacement method and refinement is being undertaken.</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":" ","pages":"701-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370915/pdf/f-68-00701.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30679383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cloning, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of a cyclophilin A-like protein from Piriformospora indica.","authors":"Harshesh Bhatt, Dipesh Kumar Trivedi, Ravi Kant Pal, Atul Kumar Johri, Narendra Tuteja, Neel Sarovar Bhavesh","doi":"10.1107/S1744309112018131","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1744309112018131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyclophilins are widely distributed both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes and have a primary role as peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIases). This study focuses on the cloning, expression, purification and crystallization of a salinity-stress-induced cyclophilin A (CypA) homologue from the symbiotic fungus Piriformospora indica. Crystallization experiments in the presence of 56 mM sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, 1.34 M potassium phosphate dibasic pH 8.2 yielded crystals that were suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystals belonged to the orthorhombic space group C222(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 121.15, b = 144.12, c = 110.63 Å. The crystals diffracted to a resolution limit of 2.0 Å. Analysis of the diffraction data indicated the presence of three molecules of the protein per asymmetric unit (V(M) = 4.48 Å(3) Da(-1), 72.6% solvent content).</p>","PeriodicalId":7310,"journal":{"name":"Acta Crystallographica Section F-structural Biology and Crystallization Communications","volume":" ","pages":"709-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370917/pdf/f-68-00709.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30679384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}