Frontiers in sleep最新文献

{"title":"Multidisciplinary care of pediatric obesity and its impact on sleep: a review.","authors":"Ravali Inja, Christopher Cielo","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1634185","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1634185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric obesity has emerged as a significant global health issue with multifaceted consequences, including its impact on sleep health. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) are among the serious sleep-related comorbidities in obese children, contributing to impaired quality of life, cognitive deficits, and cardiovascular risks. These conditions frequently coexist with other obesity-related complications such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This review explores the importance of multidisciplinary care in addressing pediatric obesity, emphasizing early diagnosis, nutritional counseling, physical activity interventions, psychological support, and pharmacologic therapies such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. The role of global trends, academic performance, and wellbeing clinics are also discussed. Although promising, the use of GLP-1s and surgical interventions in pediatrics remains constrained by limited data, particularly concerning their impact on sleep disorders. Further research is essential to clarify the long-term effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists and bariatric surgery not only on obesity and sleep-related comorbidities such as OSA and OHS, but also on cognitive function, psychosocial wellbeing, and overall health outcomes-thereby informing evidence-based, multidisciplinary approaches to pediatric obesity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1634185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12807914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in maternal knowledge and practices on sleep training: a cross-sectional analysis of urban vs. rural areas.","authors":"Kinandra Rafa Khalisha Rambey, Talitha Dinda Gunawan, Rini Sekartini","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1648131","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1648131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quality sleep is crucial for the growth and development of children. Sleep training is an effective method to improve the sleep quality of young children. This study aims to identify the knowledge and practices of mothers regarding sleep training for young children in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 417 mothers of children aged 3-36 months recruited purposively from three healthcare facilities in Indonesia, two urban and one rural, between March and June 2024. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, maternal knowledge, and maternal sleep-training behaviors were collected using validated, structured questionnaires. Item reliability and content validity were assessed through expert review and pilot testing. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using continuous knowledge and behavior scores, with co-sleeping variables included in sensitivity analyses. Mixed-effects linear models with random intercepts by site were applied to account for facility-level clustering and to assess model robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher maternal education, formal employment, and higher socioeconomic status were significantly associated with greater knowledge and behavior scores. Mothers residing in urban areas demonstrated significantly better sleep-training practices, whereas knowledge scores did not differ between urban and rural participants. Multiple regression analyses confirmed that education level, employment type, and socioeconomic status independently predicted knowledge scores, while employment type, socioeconomic status, and urban residence independently predicted behavior scores. Mixed-effects modeling indicated that site-level clustering accounted for approximately 47% of variance in knowledge and 35% in behavior scores, with model comparisons (AIC/BIC) confirming robustness across specifications. Sensitivity analyses adjusting for co-sleeping and household crowding yielded consistent findings, indicating that the main associations were not affected by these contextual variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mothers with higher education, formal employment, and greater socioeconomic status demonstrated better knowledge and sleep-training behaviors; however, knowledge was not directly associated with practice. These findings highlight that improving maternal understanding alone may be insufficient to change behavior without addressing sociocultural norms-particularly widespread co-sleeping and household constraints-that influence sleep practices. Tailored, context-sensitive educational interventions are needed to promote consistent and developmentally appropriate sleep routines for young children in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1648131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early childhood sleep quality in a pediatric cohort: sex-specific differences.","authors":"Sonali Bose, Kristie R Ross, Xin Zheng, Naim Xhani, Tamás Ötvös, Francheska M Merced-Nieves, Susan Redline, Rosalind J Wright","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1681175","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1681175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor sleep health in childhood has significant implications for life-long physical, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes, but sleep problems and potential developmentally-driven sex differences in early childhood are poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To objectively assess sleep health and investigate sex-specific differences in sleep in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred thirty-six children enrolled in the PRogramming of Intergenerational Stress Mechanisms (PRISM) pregnancy cohort in Boston and New York City underwent actigraphy for 7 days. A subset (<i>n</i> = 117) completed home unattended Type II polysomnography (PSG). Sleep parameters from actigraphy and PSG were examined using standard descriptive analyses, and non-parametric tests of comparison of means, specifically two-sample Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests, were used to assess differences between boys and girls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children were median (IQR) age of 6.9 (4.9, 8.9) years, half were male, and most were Black (46.2%) and/or Hispanic (33.9%). On actigraphy, average sleep duration and sleep efficiency were low compared to published normative data, with median (IQR) time spent asleep of 7.8 (7.4, 8.3) hours and sleep efficiency of 79.1% (74.7, 82.6). Wake duration after sleep onset (WASO) assessed by actigraphy was elevated (median (IQR) of 1.8 (1.4, 2.2) hours), and significantly worse among boys compared to girls (<i>p</i> = 0.0007). Overall, boys had significantly more restless and fragmented sleep as measured by both actigraphy and PSG. Sleep disordered breathing events were infrequent, with median (IQR) Apnea-Hypopnea Index of 0.7 (0.3, 1.3) events per hour.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinically significant and objectively assessed sleep disturbance was common in this pediatric cohort, and worse in boys compared to girls. These findings emphasize early sex-based sleep disparities warranting intervention to intercept lifelong consequences of poor sleep in early childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1681175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elements of music that work to improve sleep, a narrative review.","authors":"Ethan Y Pan, Wei Wang","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1707162","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1707162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep health is essential for overall wellbeing; however, millions of people worldwide experience poor sleep quality due to insomnia, stress, or lifestyle-related disturbances. Pharmacological and behavioral treatments, while effective, remain limited by side effects, accessibility barriers, or patient adherence. In contrast, music is an accessible, low-cost, and non-invasive intervention that is increasingly used by individuals to improve sleep. This narrative review synthesizes findings from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses to identify the musical elements and delivery methods that are most effective in enhancing sleep quality. Across studies, listening to music consistently reduced sleep-onset latency, improved sleep efficiency, and increased total sleep time. Music that was slow in tempo (60-80 bpm), soft and smooth in melodies, instrumental, and simple in structure, often classical or new age, was most effective. Cultural familiarity, nature sounds, and religious music also demonstrated benefits in specific contexts. Innovative approaches, such as brain-wave music and binaural beats, show promise but require further validation. Optimal dosing included 30-45 min of daily listening before bedtime at comfortable volume levels. Despite strong evidence of short-term benefits, gaps remain in our understanding of the long-term effects, mechanisms of action, and impacts on youth populations. Future research should explore how personalized music interventions and artificial intelligence-generated compositions may advance sleep health. Overall, this review highlights the elements at work that make music a safe, scalable, and culturally adaptable adjunct to traditional sleep therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1707162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of self-reported sleep sufficiency and accelerometer-measured sleep duration in relation to mental health, physical health, and life satisfaction.","authors":"Hannah Ahrensberg, Anne Illemann Christensen, Susan Andersen, Christina Bjørk Petersen","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1661250","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1661250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sleep is crucial for health and wellbeing, but different dimensions of sleep may affect health differently. This cross-sectional study explores the associations of self-reported sleep sufficiency and accelerometer-measured sleep duration with mental health, physical health, and life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from 1,022 individuals (age ≥16 years) from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey in 2023 were used. Mental and physical health were assessed using the SF-12 questionnaire, and life satisfaction with the Cantril Ladder scale. Multiple adjusted linear regression models were used to examine associations separately and in four combined categories: (1) low sufficiency, <7/>9 h (<i>n</i> = 106), (2) low sufficiency, 7-9 h (<i>n</i> = 89), (3) high sufficiency, <7/>9 h (<i>n</i> = 271), and (4) high sufficiency, 7-9 h (<i>n</i> = 556).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Deviations from recommended sleep durations (<7 or >9 h) and low sleep sufficiency were associated with poorer mental health, physical health and life satisfaction, most strongly for mental health and life satisfaction. Specifically, individuals sleeping 7-9 h with low perceived sleep sufficiency had mental health scores of 10.9 points (95% CI: -13.2; -8.6) lower than those sleeping 7-9 h and reporting high sleep sufficiency. Similarly, those sleeping <7/>9 h and reporting low sleep sufficiency had mental health scores 8.5 points (95% CI: -10.8; -6.3) lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regardless of sleep duration, low sleep sufficiency was consistently associated with poorer health outcomes, suggesting that self-reported sleep sufficiency may be more correlated to health than accelerometer-measured sleep duration alone. These findings underscore the need to integrate multiple sleep dimensions and measurement strategies into public health surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1661250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining telemedicine in obstructive sleep apnea management through artificial intelligence.","authors":"Ding Zou, Daniil Lisik, Sébastien Bailly, Johan Verbraecken","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1678077","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1678077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) represents a significant and increasingly prevalent health burden, impacting individual patients through diminished quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality, as well as society at large, via reduced productivity and escalating healthcare and welfare expenditures. As a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder, OSA encompasses diverse endotypes and phenotypes, necessitating personalized approaches to diagnosis and management in order to achieve optimal clinical outcomes. Modern telemedicine encompasses a broad spectrum of digital tools designed to enhance the efficiency and precision of care delivery for complex conditions. Recent years have witnessed the rapid integration of advanced telehealth technologies, including consumer-grade devices, into clinical practice. Simultaneously, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, enabling the automation of routine tasks, advanced data analytics, and the generation of novel clinical hypotheses. Within this domain, large language models, a subclass of AI specializing in natural language processing, offer new opportunities for augmenting patient-provider interactions, including streamlining communication and triaging patient-reported data. Despite these technological advancements, the full potential of telemedicine in the management of OSA remains underexplored. However, its implementation is expanding, particularly in longitudinal care models involving large patient cohorts. This Perspective aims to synthesize current state-of-the-art developments and proposes a comprehensive, integrated framework that leverages telemedicine, AI, and a multidimensional understanding of comorbidities and treatable traits throughout the continuum of OSA care, from screening and diagnosis to adherence monitoring and treatment optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1678077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: REM sleep without atonia in an adult with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome: a case study and mechanistic insights.","authors":"Martina Mulas, Nazanin Biabani, Sean Higgins, Joshua Benson, Nikita Gurbani, Ana Santic, Danielle Wasserman, Valentina Gnoni, Karolina Poplewska, Katarina Ilic, Philip R Holland, Panagis Drakatos, Alexander D Nesbitt, David O'Regan, Monica Puligheddu, Ivana Rosenzweig","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1654119","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1654119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) is an immune-mediated disorder marked by abrupt onset of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and a spectrum of neuropsychiatric and somatic features, including sleep disturbances. Although polysomnographic studies increasingly document REM Sleep Without Atonia (RSWA) in children with PANS, persistence of RSWA into adulthood remains unreported and poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 20-year-old woman with a 5-year history of relapsing-remitting neuropsychiatric symptoms consistent with PANS, including obsessive-compulsive features, complex tics, anxiety, and sleep disruption. The onset was temporally associated with a viral illness and followed by recurrent exacerbations triggered by infections and psychosocial stressors. Polysomnography, conducted during an inter-episode baseline, revealed RSWA with reduced REM atonia and fragmented sleep architecture, despite the absence of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). At onset, clinical findings included motor incoordination and sensorimotor hypersensitivities. Past serological workup supported a post-infectious inflammatory phenotype.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case expands current understanding of PANS by documenting persistent RSWA in an adult patient, suggesting chronic disruption of REM-regulating neurocircuits. Mechanistically, we explore how basal ganglia autoimmunity, dopaminergic dysregulation, and hypothalamic orexin imbalance may converge to impair REM atonia. Emerging literature is consistent with RSWA as a state or trait marker of central neuroinflammation in neuroimmune conditions such as PANS. These findings underscore the diagnostic and pathophysiological relevance of sleep phenotyping in neuroinflammatory syndromes and call for longitudinal evaluation of sleep physiology across the disease course.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RSWA may represent an under-recognized manifestation of chronic neuroimmune dysfunction in PANS. Its persistence into adulthood suggests long-term dysregulation of REM sleep circuitry and invites further investigation into the role of orexin and basal ganglia-mediated inhibition in neuroimmune disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1654119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of atomoxetine and oxybutynin in the treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, a three case report.","authors":"Helena Larramona Carrera","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1682625","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1682625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persistent severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after adenotonsillectomy (AT) is not uncommon in children with genetic syndromes and/or obesity. Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard treatment, adherence in pediatric patients is often low, limiting its effectiveness. We report three cases of children with persistent OSA and failure to continue CPAP therapy, in whom an alternative pharmacological approach was explored. In agreement with their families, a 4-week trial of combined atomoxetine and oxybutynin was initiated. Of note, the first patient was concurrently treated with lisdexamfetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, while the second had morbid obesity under treatment with liraglutide. Both patients demonstrated a great improvement in their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), with reductions >50% measured by polysomnography. The combination therapy was well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects or interactions with ongoing medications. The third patient did not adhere to the drug therapy, and the effect of a single night of treatment before the follow-up polysomnography was evaluated, showing no change in AHI. These cases suggest a potential role for atomoxetine and oxybutynin as alternative therapeutic options for pediatric OSA in complex scenarios where severe OSA persists despite AT and failed CPAP therapy, warranting further evaluation in large pediatric clinical trials. Nevertheless, the final case underscores that even pharmacological treatments, although seemingly straightforward to administer, may encounter adherence challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1682625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Combination oral appliance therapy acute influence on cardiac electrophysiology and hemodynamics in OSA patient with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Preetam Schramm, Emet Schneiderman, Jason Hui, Zohre German, Ju Ying Lin","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1580381","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1580381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Sleep apnea-related autonomic responses may increase cardiac arrhythmias. Ablation, cardioversion, and pharmacologic therapies for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) could benefit from adjunctive oral appliance therapy with a mouth shield (OAT+) compared to auto-adjusting positive airway pressure (APAP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 67-year-old male with moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), AF history, three ablations, and on Carvedilol (10 mg daily) underwent home sleep recordings with APAP and with OAT+ after 4 weeks. Randomly selected premature atrial contractions (PACs; n=20) and time-linked plethysmography waves from each intervention were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OAT+ reduced the PAC index (-61.9%), cardiac conduction intervals (nR-R, <i>p</i> = 0.025; pre-PAC R-R, <i>p</i> = 0.003; R-PAC-R, <i>p</i> = 0.051; PAC R-post systolic pause-R, <i>p</i> < 0.001) except for a P-R interval increase (<i>p</i> = 0.032). PAC-associated plethysmography wave amplitudes increased with OAT+ (pre-PAC wave-1, <i>p</i> < 0.001; PAC wave-2, <i>p</i> = 0.023; post-PAC wave-3, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OAT+ shows promise as an adjunct AF therapy in OSA patients, improving cardiac conduction and vascular function over APAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1580381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No association between obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome: results from a large hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Erik Vevatne Øverland, August Waaraas, Ragnhild S Lundetræ, Sverre Lehmann, Ingvild W Saxvig, Bjørn Bjorvatn","doi":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1632662","DOIUrl":"10.3389/frsle.2025.1632662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Some studies have indicated a possible association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and restless legs syndrome (RLS). Our aim was to explore this association in a large sample of patients referred to a hospital for suspected OSA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 8,852 patients referred to Haukeland University Hospital with suspicion of OSA between 2011 and 2022. OSA was diagnosed and categorized using standard respiratory polygraphy. Prior to the sleep study the patients completed an extensive questionnaire, including questions to determine if they had RLS. Pearson chi-square tests were used to examine RLS in relation to the presence and severity of OSA. Two separate logistic regression analyses were conducted. The first with moderate-severe OSA as the dependent variable and RLS as predictor, the second with RLS as the dependent variable and OSA severity as predictor. Both were adjusted for sex, age, marital status, alcohol consumption, daily smoking, caffeine after 17:00, and body mass index ≥30.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 24.0% fulfilled the criteria for RLS, whereas moderate-severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea-index ≥15) occurred in 38.1% of the patients. The proportion of patients with RLS did not differ depending on OSA severity. Furthermore, there was no association between RLS and OSA in either chi-square or logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study did not show increased prevalence of RLS in patients with OSA compared to patients without OSA. Furthermore, we found no increase in prevalence of RLS with increasing OSA severity. This suggests that these two sleep disorders are independent of each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":73106,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in sleep","volume":"4 ","pages":"1632662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}