Frontiers in genome editing最新文献

{"title":"Commentary: CRISPR-Cas9 mediated editing of starch branching enzyme, SBE2 gene in potato for enhanced resistant starch for health benefits.","authors":"Ling Yin","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1803282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2026.1803282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1803282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in gene editing for legume improvement: technologies, progress, and prospects.","authors":"Shallu Thakur, Shalini Pareek, G P Dixit, Geoffrey Meru, Alok Das","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1789952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2026.1789952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Legumes are among the most important protein-rich crops in global agri-food systems. To meet the rising protein demand of a growing population, significant efforts are underway to enhance legume yield, nutritional quality, and resilience to environmental stresses through the manipulation of key genetic traits. Advanced technologies-including genetic engineering, gene editing, genomic selection, next-generation sequencing, single-cell genomics, and multi-omics-are accelerating legume improvement due to their high precision and efficiency. This review focuses on major gene-editing technologies, namely, CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9), TALENs (Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases), ZFNs (Zinc Finger Nucleases), base editing (BE), and prime editing (PE), and their applications in key legume crops such as soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>), cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>), chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>), groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>), pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>), barrel clover (<i>Medicago truncatula</i>), alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>), and <i>Lotus japonicus</i>. Among these platforms, CRISPR/Cas9 is the most widely adopted in legumes, largely due to its simplicity, versatility, and dependence on accurate genome sequence information and guide RNA (gRNA) design. Advances in next-generation sequencing and the growing availability of intuitive online gRNA design tools have streamlined CRISPR workflows, improving accessibility and precision. The present review indicates that CRISPR-P is the most used gRNA design tool in legume research, likely due to its early development for plant systems and integrated off-target prediction features. Therefore, alongside reviewing gene-editing applications, we emphasized the critical role of robust gRNA design tools as a foundation for successful genome editing. Future integration of artificial intelligence and large language models is expected to further enhance target prediction accuracy, minimize off-target effects, and enable more precise genome-editing strategies in legumes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1789952"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of <i>in planta</i> genome editing by transient expression of genome-editing tools in tomato.","authors":"Misaki Kobayashi, Na Renhu, Shu Takahashi, Seungje Choi, Haruto Watanabe, Martina Bianca Fuhrmann-Aoyagi, Hiroshi Ezura, Kenji Miura","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1777148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2026.1777148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two major processes are important for genome editing in plants: transformation by stable transfection, in which nucleic acids encoding genome-editing enzymes are introduced into plant cells and the regeneration of plant individuals from cells harboring mutations by genome-editing enzymes. The efficiency of transformation and regeneration by tissue culture varies across plant species, and is low in some practical crop species. <i>In planta</i> methods have been developed to exclude the need for tissue culture. However, few reports are available on methods that do not require stable transfection. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a new protocol for delivery genome editing tools that does not require transformation or tissue culture, by combining the <i>in planta</i> method with transient genome editing tools instead of stable transfection. Cas9, guide RNAs, and developmental regulators, which are factors involved in mitotic tissue induction, were transiently expressed by agroinfiltration of the stem tissue cut surfaces of tomatoes. New chimeric mutants, containing a mixture of cells with mutations introduced at or near the target sequence, were obtained. After examining conditions such as the concentration of <i>Agrobacterium</i> used for infection and post-infection treatment, we succeeded in obtaining chimeric mutants with an efficiency of 11.7%. In addition, most of the observed mutations were single base substitutions. These results indicate that the <i>in planta</i> method with transient expression of genome editing tools and induction of meristematic tissue can be used to introduce genome-edited mutations in tomatoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1777148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Genome editing strategies for augmenting crop resilience against climate change.","authors":"Wadzani Palnam Dauda, Amolkumar U Solanke, Ramesh Namdeo Pudake","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1813338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2026.1813338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1813338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13039654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing myostatin pleiotropy for multitrait improvement via precision gene editing.","authors":"Yajun Chen, Ruiyao Yang, Yucai Yang, Qianguang Wang, Kai Yang, Man Xu","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1749445","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1749445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pursuit of sustainable livestock farming to meet the rising global protein demand has positioned myostatin (MSTN) gene editing as a key technology. However, the field's focus on the remarkable double-muscle phenotype has often overshadowed a systematic examination of its concomitant effects. The present review aims to bridge this gap by moving beyond a singular focus on productivity. First, the pleiotropic effects of MSTN gene editing on growth performance, carcass quality, and meat quality in cattle, swine, sheep, poultry, and aquatic species were comprehensively evaluated. Next, the cascading biological effects of MSTN editing on metabolic homeostasis, reproductive performance, and animal health and welfare werAAe analyzed in depth. Finally, the inherent limitations and ethical issues of current editing techniques were critically discussed, and future sustainable breeding programs aimed at balanced multitrait regulation were prospectively proposed. Ultimately, this review affirms that MSTN editing has a multiplicative effect on trait alterations; however, there is also a series of associated health challenges, which demonstrates that the technology's impact is systemic, generating a spectrum of trade-offs that are often species specific. Its responsible application therefore hinges on multitrait balancing strategies to simultaneously secure productivity and sustainability in animal agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1749445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13018111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The precision strategy of human genome correction via a set of circular donor DNA and its cleaver.","authors":"Kohji Kusano, Kaoru Takizawa, Jitsutaro Kawaguchi, Isamu Hara, Toyotaka Mori","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1718252","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1718252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Homologous recombination (HR) corrects a mutational sequence causing a genetic disease by replacing it with the normal sequence to restore a healthy state in humans. A targeted genomic breakage, such as that induced by CRISPR-Cas9, can trigger a copy-paste-type HR event; however, CRISPR-Cas9 more frequently induces imprecise non-homologous end-joining events, leading to one-step multiple knockout products for paralogous genes or homologous alleles, which can be considered a unique advantage. We have established a precision strategy for crossover-type HR-based gene editing, primed by intra-cellular circular donor cleavage (InCDC). The InCDC technique generates targeted duplication of the circular donor plasmid at the target locus in human cells, forming a doublet configuration comprising the donor DNA with the designed sequence and the target DNA with the original sequence, with much higher efficiency than conventional donor linearization techniques. This doublet form leads to the singlet form, resulting in retention of the designed allele. We found that the safety distance within the designed circular donor plasmid and its intra-cellular cleavage was particularly critical to protect a designed sequence from enzymatic exclusion, and we propose that InCDC technology enables precision genome editing, such as the replacement of a genetic disease-causing allele with the correctly designed allele.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1718252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147521869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of <i>DFR</i> alters pigmentation and shifts flavonoid accumulation in red leaf lettuce without detectable growth penalties.","authors":"Ai Nagamine, Masaki Ono, Osuke Sato, Eiji Goto, Hiroshi Ezura","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1755922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2026.1755922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Red leaf lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L. cv. 'Red Fire') is a preferred crop in plant factories with artificial light (PFALs) due to its short cultivation cycle and high anthocyanin content, which increases both its nutritional value and visual appeal. However, anthocyanins strongly influence leaf coloration and antioxidant profiles, and their levels are highly responsive to the light environment. Therefore, targeted editing of flavonoid biosynthesis may provide a breeding strategy to diversify pigment composition and associated functional traits under PFAL conditions. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out <i>DFR</i> (dihydroflavonol 4-reductase), a key enzyme in the anthocyanin pathway. Genome-edited lines were generated via a dual-guide RNA system, resulting in a successfully edited red leaf genotype. The <i>DFR</i>-knockout lines displayed a complete loss of red pigmentation and a visibly distinct green phenotype. Metabolite profiling revealed a significant decrease in anthocyanin levels, accompanied by an increase in total flavonoid levels in some lines. Growth traits, including shoot dry weight and leaf number, were not significantly affected, suggesting that <i>DFR</i> knockout does not compromise growth under PFAL conditions. These findings highlight <i>DFR</i> as a promising target for creating pigment-altered lettuce lines for controlled-environment cultivation, including PFAL systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1755922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12996048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of genetic variation in tumor suppressor miRNA encoding and their target genes in breast cancer; focus on miRNA interaction and expression analysis.","authors":"Yogita Chhichholiya, Sandeep Singh, Rajesh Vashistha, Manjit Kaur Rana, Anjana Munshi","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1705463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2026.1705463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetic variations in tumor suppressor miRNAs and the 3'UTR of their target genes influence tumor biology and breast cancer (BC) risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated genetic variations in tumor suppressor miRNAs (hsa-let-7c, hsa-miR-34a, hsa-miR-145a) and their target genes (KRAS, IGFBP6, IGF1R), and their functional significance in BC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The miRNA encoding regions and 3'UTRs of the selected target genes were sequenced in 208 BC patients. Functional analyses were performed using luciferase assay, RT-PCR, IHC, and Western blotting. RNAfold, TNM plot, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and ROC Plotter were used for structural predictions, survival, and therapy response analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two variants, rs712 and rs9266, were found in the 3'UTR of KRAS. Luciferase assay confirmed that rs9266 disrupts the binding of hsa-let-7c and hsa-miR-181c, leading to increased KRAS expression. KRAS expression was highest in heterozygous, followed by homozygous mutant, and lowest in wild-type genotypes. Higher hsa-let-7c and hsa-miR-181c expression correlated with better survival. ROC analysis identified KRAS as a potential predictive biomarker for chemotherapy response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variants rs712 and rs9266 in the KRAS 3'UTR impair miRNA binding, enhancing KRAS expression and tumorigenesis, while elevated hsa-let-7c and hsa-miR-181c levels predict favourable survival outcomes in BC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1705463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12982462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147470437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Diversity of transgene integration and gene-editing events in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) transgenic plants generated using <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transformation.","authors":"Louie Cris Lopos, Natalia V Bykova, Janeen Robinson, Susan Brown, Kerry Ward, Andriy Bilichak","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1787940","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fgeed.2026.1787940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1265103.].</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"8 ","pages":"1787940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-based programmable genome editing in chickens: concepts, applications and regulatory issues.","authors":"Gautham Kolluri, Adnan Naim, Shiva Kumar Kurva, Jagbir Singh Tyagi, Mohd Matin Ansari, Simmi Tomar, Ashok Kumar Tiwari, Laxmi Chouhan","doi":"10.3389/fgeed.2025.1729535","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fgeed.2025.1729535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of genetics, molecular biology, and genome sequencing has rapidly accelerated the development of elite genetic lines across various species, including poultry. It is now possible to introduce intra- or inter-species single nucleotide polymorphisms into chicken lines to enhance productivity. This advancement may mark the beginning of a new agricultural revolution, dramatically reducing the time required to improve poultry lines for commercial production environments. Transgenic technologies, including lentiviral vectors and piggyBac transposition, have enabled the generation of animals expressing exogenous genes. The emergence of new genome-editing tools is transforming avian biotechnology, allowing the creation of customized organisms for specific traits. Genome editing has become the most efficient method for studying gene function. First and second generation tools, such as zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), are limited by complex design and off-target effects. In contrast, the third generation Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), represents a significant breakthrough. It encompasses guided RNA (gRNA) and the Cas9 endonuclease which together target specific DNA sequences and induces double-strand breaks that are repaired <i>via</i> error-prone non-homologous end joining, frequently causing insertions or deletions that disrupt gene function. Targeting specificity is achieved through gRNA-DNA base pairing and recognition of a protospacer adjacent motif by Cas9. Beyond gene knockout, CRISPR/Cas9 enables functional analysis of non-coding elements such as enhancers and insulators. Delivered <i>via</i> plasmid systems, Cas9 and gRNA are transiently expressed and degrade within 48-72 h, leaving no permanent genetic footprint. Since no exogenous DNA is integrated, this approach is generally considered less contentious than traditional transgenic methods in the context of genetically modified organism regulation. CRISPR/Cas9 has diverse applications in poultry, including enhancing disease resistance to avian influenza and Marek's disease, improving productivity traits such as growth, feed efficiency, and egg-laying, and enabling early in-ovo sexing to address ethical concerns around male chick culling. It also allows control of reproductive traits for breeding management, supports bio-pharming by producing therapeutic proteins or vaccines in eggs, and facilitates functional genomics through precise gene knockouts to study development, immunity, and metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":73086,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in genome editing","volume":"7 ","pages":"1729535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12827552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}