Frontiers in fungal biology最新文献

{"title":"Deciphering the role of the Sch9 serine/threonine kinase in <i>Scedosporium apiospermum</i>.","authors":"Samar Kabbara, Hajar Yaakoub, Baptiste Bidon, Charlotte Godon, Bienvenue Razafimandimby, Yves Delneste, Pascale Pignon, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Monzer Hamze, Nicolas Papon","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1820509","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1820509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Scedosporium apiospermum</i> is an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. Notably, it ranks second among filamentous fungi infecting cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Infections caused by <i>S. apiospermum</i> can range from localized infections to pulmonary colonization and invasive disseminated infections, often resulting in high mortality rates. This is largely attributed to the patient's clinical condition, limited diagnostic tools, and resistance to current antifungal therapies. Therefore, ongoing research is crucial to better understand the pathophysiology of these deep-seated fungal infections and to develop new strategies for early diagnosis and more effective antifungal treatments. In the present study, the <i>Δsch9</i> gene, which encodes a major effector of the TOR pathway in fungi, was characterized. The deletion of <i>sch9</i> significantly impaired <i>S. apiospermum</i> fitness under standard growth conditions and reduced hyphal development. Additionally, the <i>Δsch9</i> mutant strain displayed increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and cell wall stress-inducing agents. The mutant strain showed an increase in germ tube formation during the early hours of growth, particularly under hypoxic and hypercapnic conditions. Furthermore, under standard growth conditions, the <i>Δsch9</i> mutant strain exhibited a decrease in germ tube cell wall thickness compared to the <i>Δku70</i> parent strain. Finally, disruption of <i>Δsch9</i> affected the <i>S. apiospermum</i> ability to resist ingestion and killing by macrophages. Taken together, these findings suggest that Sch9 plays a crucial role in stress tolerance, morphogenesis, and host-pathogen interactions in <i>S. apiospermum</i>. Further studies are needed to explore Sch9 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of <i>S. apiospermum</i> infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1820509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical <i>Talaromyces marneffei</i> isolates exhibit enhanced stress tolerance and diminished antifungal responsiveness relative to non-clinical strains.","authors":"Kai-Su Pan, Siwen Jiang, Dong-Yan Zheng, Yan-Qing Zheng, Wei-Xuan Wu, Cun-Wei Cao","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1838799","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1838799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Talaromycosis, caused by the dimorphic fungus <i>Talaromyces marneffei</i>, is a significant opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patients in Southeast Asia. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal susceptibility of clinical <i>T. marneffei</i> strains (from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients) and non-clinical strains, and to compare their adaptability to various stress conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 196 <i>T. marneffei</i> strains were assessed using broth microdilution and Sensititre YeastOne YO10 methods to determine MICs against nine antifungal agents. Stress adaptability was evaluated using 20 randomly selected non-clinical and 20 clinical strains incubated under KCl, Congo red (CR), H₂O₂, and Calcofluor white (CFW).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Azole antifungals (itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole) exhibited low MICs, indicating strong activity; Clinical strains showed higher geometric mean MICs for most antifungals than non-clinical strains. Non-clinical strains showed significantly less adaptability to stress than clinical strains under CR, H₂O₂, and CFW (p<0.05), with smaller colony diameters and slower growth.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that non-clinical strains may undergo phenotypic adaptations when infecting human hosts, enhancing their resilience to environmental factors and immune pressures. Antifungal susceptibility was not associated with HIV status or patient age, but linked to host adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1838799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13183614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147984580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Fungal-plant interactions in a changing environment: from mutualism to pathogenesis.","authors":"Subhadeep Das, Adreeja Basu, Paola Angelini, Soumyadev Sarkar","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1852814","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1852814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1852814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13161122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of environmental variations (temperature and humidity) on <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> in broiler and pig feed.","authors":"Osias Thabo Ramoeletsi, Olerato Tumiso Sebolao, Martha Cebile Jobe, Mulunda Mwanza","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1810614","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1810614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium-related mycotoxins are a major concern in livestock feeds due to their toxicity and potential for co-occurrence, which can cause additive or synergistic effects. This study investigated the influence of temperature and moisture content on fusarium-associated mycotoxin production in pig and broiler feeds. Feeds were inoculated with the <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and incubated under controlled temperatures (30-40 °C) and moisture levels (8-15%), and mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON), Fusarenone-X (FUX), fumonisins B₁ and B₂ (FB₁, FB₂), ochratoxin A (OTA), T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, and zearalenone (ZEN) were quantified using LCMS. Results showed that temperature was the primary driver of mycotoxin production, while moisture content modulated mycotoxin magnitude and diversity in a feed-dependent manner. In pig feed, fumonisins were predominantly produced at 30 °C under low moisture, with FB₁ reaching 1850 µg/kg. DON and FUX were detected across a wider temperature range, whereas ZEN remained relatively stable. OTA, T-2, and HT-2 toxins were infrequently detected. Broiler feed showed similar patterns, with DON and FUX consistently present, fumonisins largely restricted to lower temperatures, and ZEN stable across conditions. Co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins was most pronounced at lower temperatures, highlighting the risk of chronic multi-toxin exposure. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of optimized feed storage and multi-mycotoxin monitoring. Feed-specific mitigation strategies, including antifungal additives or plant-derived bioactive compounds, may help reduce mycotoxin accumulation and safeguard livestock health and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1810614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal small RNA: unveiling the breakthroughs and promising applications.","authors":"Shuquan Sun, Junjian Situ, Chuan Gao, Yixuan Chai, Changsheng Lv, Xiangyu Ma, Yuanyuan Zhang","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2025.1670120","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2025.1670120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small RNAs (sRNAs) are abundant endogenous non-coding RNAs in eukaryotic organisms that regulate gene expression by binding to their target mRNAs either completely or partially. The rapid advancements in fungal sRNA research in recent years have significantly expanded our understanding of their biogenesis, functional mechanisms, and roles in fungal biology. Unlike previous reviews that predominantly focus on the intracellular biogenesis and regulatory networks of fungal sRNAs within fungal cells, this review uniquely bridges fungal sRNA molecular biology with plant pathology by centering on the bidirectional cross-kingdom RNAi trafficking between fungi and plants. We provide a comprehensive overview of fungal sRNA types, especially novel subtypes identified in recent studies, the key protein factors involved in their biogenesis, and the molecular mechanisms governing their intracellular functions. Additionally, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the trafficking routes of fungal sRNAs into host plants, their targeted interference with plant immune signaling cascades, and the reciprocal regulation of fungal physiology by plant-derived sRNAs. Finally, we discussed the potential applications of fungal sRNAs in biotechnology and pathogen control, particularly in the development of host-induced gene silencing (HIGS)/spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS)-based crop protection strategies. This work not only serves as a valuable reference for future studies on fungal sRNAs but also highlights the translational potential of cross-kingdom RNAi in plant-fungal pathosystems, filling critical gaps in existing literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1670120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome analysis of <i>Ceratobasidium theobromae</i> and its causal association with cassava witches' broom disease in the Philippines.","authors":"Cris Q Cortaga, Alejandra Gil-Ordóñez, Mónica F Fronda, John Emmanuel B Tandang, Juan M Pardo, Ana M Leiva, Warren Arinaitwe, Clarise Marie S Evaristo, Jonathan Newby, Al Imran Malik, Wilmer J Cuellar","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1800255","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1800255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cassava witches' broom disease (CWBD) has been present in the Philippines from the early 2010s and has since been considered a phytoplasma-caused disease. This assumption has guided CWBD diagnostics and management, yielding mixed results. However, recent results in continental Southeast Asia (SEA) indicate that the disease is rather associated with the fungus <i>Ceratobasidium theobromae</i>, the causal agent of Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) of cacao, another important disease occurring in the Philippines. Field surveys showed that CWBD was present in all cassava-growing regions, reaching field level incidence values above 50%. <i>C. theobromae</i> was detected in symptomatic samples using a standard PCR assay, with a sensitivity of 91.79% and a specificity of 95.24%, supporting its causal association with CWBD, in contrast to phytoplasma detection, which failed to yield positive results. Genome analyses of <i>C. theobromae</i>, supported by an improved reference genome, indicate that Philippine isolates, whether infecting cassava or cacao, are more closely related to each other than to isolates from continental SEA. Furthermore, isolates from the recent outbreak in the Americas are more closely related to those from continental SEA than to those from the Philippines.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1800255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature tolerance and persistence of promising native <i>Metarhizium</i> isolates for use in chili pepper farms in Ghana.","authors":"Patricia Akua Sitsofe Nyahe, Vincent Yao Eziah, Candice Anne Coombes, Samuel Kumahor, Isaac Nortey, Monica Akumyoungta, Drauzio E N Rangel, Alene Alder-Rangel, Michael Yao Osae, Dalia Sukmawati, Mavis Agyeiwaa Acheampong","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1780941","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1780941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ghanaian chili pepper exports are subject to stringent regulations on pesticide residues in significant foreign markets. Therefore, safer pest management options are needed to supplement current non-chemical control techniques, especially for controlling <i>Thaumatotibia leucotreta</i> Meyrick (False codling moth, FCM), an important phytosanitary pest. A national survey was initiated in 2023 to identify native entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) from Ghanaian farms. Seven <i>Metarhizium</i> isolates were recovered from soils and induced substantial mortalities of soil-residing final-instar stages of FCM <i>in vitro</i>. To advance the development of a mycoinsecticide targeting FCM and other key insect pests of chili pepper, the present study evaluated the <i>in vitro</i> temperature tolerance of the seven isolates and persistence of two (UGSUHC1 and UGJKCS9) under field conditions. Temperature tolerance assays based on <i>in vitro</i> radial growth (at 6-40 °C) indicated that all isolates could grow between 15 and 35 °C, with optimum development occurring between 25 and 27 °C. No growth occurred at 6, 8, 38, and 40 °C. Two-month semi-field persistence trials using sterile soil inoculated with each respective isolate and buried in chili pepper farms at Adidome, Peki, and the University of Ghana, demonstrated that both isolates remained viable in the soil throughout the trial period and retained their infectivity against FCM. These results highlight the potential of these Ghanaian isolates against subterranean life stages of FCM. The need for further evaluations, particularly field trials, is therefore imperative for the development of an effective and sustainable control option for FCM in chili peppers in Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1780941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Native yeasts: isolation, characterization, and food industry applications.","authors":"Lambros Farmakis, Athanasia Koliadima","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1822445","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1822445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1822445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13111465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and fungal species distribution of onychomycosis and other superficial mycoses in the coastal city of Ningbo, China.","authors":"Yao Lu, Pingping Qiu, Yijun Mo, Minhong Zhu, Xumei Wang, Xingbei Weng","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1716554","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1716554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Superficial fungal infections (SFIs) are among the most common skin diseases worldwide; however, the pathogenic species of SFIs vary among geographical areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the epidemiologic profile of superficial fungal infections with a focus on onychomycosis in the Department of Laboratory Medicine of Ningbo First Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1309 patients with superficial mycoses who visited our hospital between March 2023 and October 2024 were selected. Scraping of the lesion was performed via a sterilization scraper. A portion of each sample was used for direct examination, and the other portion was used for cultivation. For the culture results, microscopic morphology and automatic rapid microbial matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were used as a routine examination. For fungi that routine examinations couldn't identify, further sequencing of the rDNA-ITS region was carried out for atypical strains to the species level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were between 1 year and 93 years old, and the peak incidence was in the 21-30 years age group. More superficial mycoses were found in women (63.94%) than in men (36.06%). The causative agents identified were: dermatophytes (32.85%), yeasts (49.20%) and non-dermatophyte molds (NDM) (17.95%). Positive cultures of dermatophytes were obtained from 430 patients: <i>Trichophyton</i> spp. (89.07%) was predominant, followed by <i>Microsporum</i> spp. (10.93%). Yeasts were isolated from 644 patients, and <i>Candida</i> spp. (93.01%) were the major pathogens, followed by <i>Trichosporon</i> spp. (6.99%). Among the 1309 patients, nails were the largest source of SFIs (81.67%), followed by glabrous skin (6.04%) and feet (4.20%). <i>Candida</i> spp. were the most prevalent species in cases of onychomycosis (47.05%), followed by <i>Trichophyton</i> spp. (29.09%) and <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. (16.65%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed that nails constituted the largest source of SFIs in Ningbo, and women were more likely to have onychomycosis than men were. Moreover, we found that <i>Candida</i> spp. was the most prevalent species in cases of onychomycosis, and <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> was responsible for the majority of dermatophyte-associated infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1716554"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13083107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic next-generation sequencing unveils invasive aspergillosis masquerading as miliary tuberculosis in a neutropenic leukemia patient: a case report.","authors":"Hong L Ji, Cong H Liu, Cheng X Nie, Jia F Luo, Xin R Li, Ai S Fu, Yan L Ge","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1751760","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2026.1751760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Empirical anti-tuberculosis therapy is a common strategy when patients with acute leukemia chemotherapy-induced neutropenia develop diffuse pulmonary small nodular and subsolid lesions. However, the absence of pathogenetic verification may lead to catastrophic consequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following negative conventional microbiological cultures (bronchoalveolar lavage bacterial culture, Gram/Gram-negative test) and ineffective anti-infective therapy, a second bronchoscopy revealed caseous obstructive lesions in the right upper lobe bronchus. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) analysis of lavage fluid ultimately confirmed invasive pulmonary fungal disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mNGS analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) reported 6,750 <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> sequences, 43 <i>Aspergillus</i> complex sequences, and 81 <i>Candida albicans</i> sequences (considered airway colonization with no pathogenic significance), confirming probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in line with the 2023 revised EORTC/MSGERC consensus criteria for invasive fungal diseases. Following discontinuation of anti-tuberculosis therapy, targeted antifungal treatment with amphotericin B (40 mg daily) was initiated. Post-treatment, the patient's temperature normalized. Follow-up CT demonstrated improved absorption of lesions in the left lung and right lower lobe, with stable cavitary nodules in the right upper lobe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates that invasive pulmonary fungal infection can perfectly mimic the typical radiographic features of hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, including diffuse small nodular and subsolid lesions with a miliary distribution pattern predominantly in the upper lobes and extrapulmonary manifestations such as erythema nodosum. For unexplained pulmonary infections in immunocompromised hosts where conventional diagnosis and empirical treatment fail, the timely application of bronchoscopy combined with mNGS technology represents a critical breakthrough for achieving precise diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"1751760"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}