Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)最新文献

{"title":"Response of Nitrogen Cycle Microorganisms to Multifactorial Global Changes in Soil Ecosystems.","authors":"Marina Sidorenko","doi":"10.31083/FBE23082","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE23082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change affects life on Earth. Meanwhile, microorganisms (unlike plants and animals) are usually not considered when studying climate change, particularly due to the impact of climatic fluctuation on them. A substantial variety of microbes and their responses to changing environmental conditions make determining their role in the ecosystem functioning very difficult. Nevertheless, microorganisms support the existence of all life forms on the planet. It is also important to know how microorganisms affect climate change and how this subsequently then affects microorganisms. Previous research demonstrates the leading role and importance of microorganisms in studying the biological aspects of climate change. Thus, this paper aimed to examine the correlation between nitrogen cycle microorganisms and climate change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The nitrogen cycle microorganism (NCM) soil formed the primary research object, which, simultaneously, is not associative microflora and belongs to the following groups: amino heterotrophs using organic forms of nitrogen, aminoautotrophs using mineral forms of nitrogen, and diazotrophs fixing nitrogen in the air. The response of NCMs in simultaneously increasing atmospheric CO₂, precipitation, temperature, and nitrogen in an artificially created agricultural soil ecosystem was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NCM number and their structure responded to these simulated changes. The increased volume of nitrogen significantly changed the NCM structure, which depends on temperature and precipitation. The dominance of NCMs was noted when the temperature and precipitation remained unchanged. However, the number of microorganisms consuming mineral forms of nitrogen increased following a rise in temperature and a reduction in precipitation. Further, the proportion of microorganisms consuming organic forms of nitrogen increased following a decrease in temperature and increased precipitation. Total NCMs reduced significantly when the CO2 increased; this decrease was most pronounced with increased precipitation. Changes in the group composition of the community are associated with an increase in the nitrification process, with no changes in total NCMs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results illustrate that the ever-increasing concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere has a direct impact on both Earth's climate and alters the composition and activity of microbial populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"23082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Binding Affinity of Nitrosylcobalamin to Intrinsic Factor as a Predictive Model for Cobalamin Binding Protein Interactions: A Comparative Study with Hydroxocobalamin.","authors":"Annette M Sysel, Joseph A Bauer","doi":"10.31083/FBE26810","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE26810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intrinsic factor (IF) is a glycoprotein crucial for cobalamin (vitamin B₁₂) absorption in the human body. This study aimed to evaluate the binding affinity of nitrosylcobalamin (NO-Cbl), a cobalamin analog, to recombinant human IF derived from plants, using hydroxocobalamin (OH-Cbl) as a comparative standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was employed to assess the kinetic parameters of NO-Cbl and OH-Cbl interactions with plant- derived IF across various concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SPR analysis demonstrated that NO-Cbl and OH-Cbl exhibited high binding affinities to IF, with equilibrium dissociation constant (<i>K</i>_D) values in the picomolar range. OH-Cbl showed a slightly stronger binding affinity (<i>K</i>_D = 4.79 × 10^-11 M) than NO-Cbl (<i>K</i>_D = 8.58 × 10^-11 M). Despite NO-Cbl and OH-Cbl both being bound to IF, differences in binding affinity and stability were observed, particularly at higher concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variations in IF binding between NO-Cbl and OH-Cbl may be attributed to the saturation of binding sites or recognition issues specific to plant-derived IF. This study underscores the potential of NO-Cbl as a targeted therapeutic agent capable of leveraging natural cobalamin uptake pathways. These results also highlight the suitability of using recombinant plant-derived IF as a model for predicting the biological activity of cobalamin analogs despite the nuanced differences from native human IF.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"26810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel Dressings as Insulin Delivery Systems for Diabetic Wounds.","authors":"Agnieszka Kłapcia, Patrycja Domalik-Pyzik","doi":"10.31083/FBE26446","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE26446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic wounds are one of the most common and challenging complications of diabetes. Similar to chronic wounds, diabetic wounds are difficult to treat due to prolonged inflammation, a lack of angiogenesis, abnormal differentiation of new scar tissue, and the occurrence of numerous bacterial infections. Moreover, elevated sugar levels in tissues disrupt the healing process by enhancing inflammatory reactions, disrupting signaling pathways, and leading to the production of abnormal biological structures, which contribute to improper cell differentiation. Traditional dressings, such as bandages, gauze, and semi-occlusive foams, are inadequate for diabetic wounds with high exudation; moreover, frequently changing the dressing can cause secondary irritation. Hence, innovative hydrogel dressings are being developed, which, thanks to their soft polymer matrix, provide an ideal substrate for regenerating tissue. Hydrogels also allow for the introduction and controlled release of growth factors, making them a promising solution for treating diabetic wounds. Recently, researchers have focused on insulin, a hormone secreted by the human body to lower blood sugar levels, due to its interesting characteristics, such as supporting anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic processes and stimulating cell migration and proper proliferation. This review discusses the most important aspects of diabetes and diabetic wounds and traditional and innovative treatment methods, particularly hydrogel dressings used as systems for insulin delivery in response to glucose concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"26446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere Microbiome and Functioning in Alternative Rice Cropping Methods: A Critical Review for Rice Sustainability.","authors":"Ejamani Dakshayini, Sengalan Muthuramu, Subramainiyam Maragatham, Rangasamy Anandham, Dananjeyan Balachandar","doi":"10.31083/FBE25926","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE25926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice is a staple crop worldwide, providing sustenance to over half the global population. The rice microbiome represents the complex interaction between rice plants and their surrounding microbial communities. Plants host various microorganisms in different regions, including the rhizosphere, surface tissues, such as the rhizoplane and phylloplane, and inner tissues (endosphere). These microorganisms engage in diverse interactions with the plants, ranging from beneficial to neutral or harmful. This rhizosphere microbiome plays a crucial role in improving the resilience and sustainability of rice cultivation. The relationship between the rice plants and their microbial communities is imperative for developing farming practices that maximize yields while minimizing biotic and abiotic stresses. Our examination underscores the diverse functions of rhizosphere microbiota within rice farming systems, particularly in nutrient uptake, drought resilience, pest and disease management, and tolerance to salinity. This review describes the different types of rice cultivation methods farmers use worldwide to improve the efficiency of rice production in various agro-ecological contexts. Moreover, the review details how alternate cropping methods influence the rhizosphere functioning of rice and techniques for managing the microbiome function for rice sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"25926"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Commensal Bacteria: Next-generation Pro- and Post-biotics for Anticancer Therapy.","authors":"Himal Sapkota, Subrata Dasgupta, Bishnudeo Roy, Ejaj K Pathan","doi":"10.31083/FBE26809","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE26809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a common, deadly disease with an unknown etiology. Meanwhile, current therapeutic options possess significant risks. However, probiotic bacteria and their metabolites have been reported to have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on cancer cells. Therefore, because of their selective specificity and lack of treatment-associated comorbidities, these bacteria and their metabolites could be potential alternatives to conventional chemical and radiation therapies. Given their superior immunomodulatory and anti-cancer effects and lack of side effects, commensal bacteria derived from healthy humans are currently used as next-generation probiotics. This review summarizes current findings on these probiotic properties and anti-cancer activities of healthy human commensal bacteria. Additionally, the review focuses on small metabolites, proteins, and enzymes secreted by human commensal bacteria for their therapeutic applications against cancer. Further, utilizing a protein engineering strategy to reduce the toxicity of L-asparaginase, an enzyme-based anti-leukemia drug used for the last forty years, is also discussed. A possible workflow outline for isolating, identifying, screening, and characterizing human commensal bacterial strains for their therapeutic applications in cancer treatment is also proposed. This review emphasizes the need to explore various human commensal bacteria, not just mainstream lactic acid bacteria, for novel cancer therapeutics that provide multiple health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"26809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of Plant Breeding Using Data Analytics and Information Technology: Innovations, Applications, and Prospective Directions.","authors":"Mohammad Muzahidur Rahman Bhuiyan, Inshad Rahman Noman, Md Munna Aziz, Md Mizanur Rahaman, Md Rashedul Islam, Mia Md Tofayel Gonee Manik, Kallol Das","doi":"10.31083/FBE27936","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE27936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study focused on plant breeding, from traditional methods to the present most advanced genetic and data-driven concepts. Conventional breeding techniques, such as mass selection and cross-breeding, have been instrumental in crop improvement, although they possess inherent limitations in precision and efficiency. Advanced molecular methods allow breeders to improve crops quicker by more accurately targeting specific traits. Data analytics and information technology (IT) are crucial in modern plant breeding, providing tools for data management, analysis, and interpretation of large volumes of data from genomic, phenotypic, and environmental sources. Meanwhile, emerging technologies in machine learning, high-throughput phenotyping, and the Internet of Things (IoT) provide real-time insights into the performance and responses of plants to environmental variables, enabling precision breeding. These tools will allow breeders to select complex traits related to yield, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance more precisely and effectively. Moreover, this data-driven approach will enable breeders to use resources judiciously and make crops resilient, thus contributing to sustainable agriculture. Data analytics integrated into IT will enhance traditional breeding and other key applications in sustainable agriculture, such as crop yield improvement, biofortification, and climate change adaptation. This review aims to highlight the role of interdisciplinary collaboration among breeders, data scientists, and agronomists in absorbing these technologies. Further, this review discusses the future trends that will make plant breeding even more effective with this new wave of artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and collaborative platforms, bringing new data transparency, collaboration, and predictability levels. Data and IT-based breeding will greatly contribute to future global food security and sustainable food production. Thus, creating high-performing, resource-efficient crops will be the foundation of a future agricultural vision that balances environmental care. More technological integration in plant breeding is needed for resilient and sustainable food systems to handle the growing population and changing climate challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"27936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic Composition and Predicted Metabolic Pathway Analyses of the Endometrial and Rectal Microbiota in Dairy Cows Following the Introduction of a Complex Feed Additive.","authors":"Elena A Yildirim, Georgi Yu Laptev, Larisa A Ilina, Ekaterina S Ponomareva, Evgeni A Brazhnik, Tatyana S Smetannikova, Natalia I Novikova, Daria G Turina, Valentina A Filippova, Andrei V Dubrovin, Alisa S Dubrovina, Kseniya A Kalitkina, Irina A Klyuchnikova, Vasiliy A Zaikin, Darren K Griffin, Michael N Romanov","doi":"10.31083/FBE25725","DOIUrl":"10.31083/FBE25725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The microbiome composition in dairy cows (<i>Bos taurus</i>) directly impacts on health and reproductive performance. This study aimed to determine the metagenomic composition and predicted microbial community functions in the endometrium and rectal chyme of cows fed a complex feed additive (CFA). The latter included the <i>Bacillus mucilaginosus</i> 159 strain, a short-chain fatty acid, plus essential oils.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinically healthy cows were divided into two groups (<i>n</i> = 15 in each): (I) a control group fed the standard diet, and (II) an experimental group. CFA was introduced into the diet of Group II during the entire transit period at a dose of 50 g per animal per day; moreover, all animals received Pen-Strep 400 antibiotics to prevent endometritis and other pathologies. The microbial community composition from the endometrium and rectal chyme biotopes was assessed using targeted next-generation sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant changes were observed in the composition and predicted metabolic pathways due to the CFA administration, with the endometrial microbiota being more responsive to CFA than the intestinal chyme microbiome. Remarkably, the Actinobacteriota representatives disappeared in the endometrium of Group II animals compared to controls, whose content ranged from 0.34 to 3.3%. The use of CFA also resulted in a less pronounced effect in four predicted metabolic pathways for microbial degradation of catechol in the endometrium compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the concept of a relationship between the gut microbiome and the reproductive system microflora of cows, as we observed changes in the composition and predicted metabolic pathways of the endometrial microbiota after orally administering CFA. This emphasizes the need for an integrated approach combining the correction of microecological disorders in the intestines and the reproductive system simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"17 1","pages":"25725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass-Based Microbial Protein Production: A Review of Processing and Properties.","authors":"Tawakalt Ayodele, Abodunrin Tijani, Musiliu Liadi, Kudirat Alarape, Clairmont Clementson, Ademola Hammed","doi":"10.31083/j.fbe1604040","DOIUrl":"10.31083/j.fbe1604040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A rise in population and societal changes have increased pressure on resources required to meet the growing demand for food and changing dietary preferences. The increasing demand for animal protein is concerning and raises questions regarding sustainability due to its environmental impact. Subsequently, scientists seek alternative proteins, such as microbial proteins (MPs), as an environmentally friendly choice. The production of MPs promotes benefits, including reducing deforestation and CO₂ emissions. Several microorganism types, such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, and algae, use a variety of substrates for MP production, from agricultural residues to lignocellulosic biomass. These complex substrates, including lignocellulosic biomass, are converted to fermentable sugar through either chemical, physical, or biological methods. Indeed, fermentation can occur through submerged cultures or other methods. However, this depends on the substrate and microorganisms being utilized. MPs have properties that make them versatile and useful ingredients in various applications. Using residues and lignocellulosic biomass as raw materials for producing MPs offers sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and waste reduction advantages. These properties are consistent with the principles established by green chemistry, which aims to conserve resources effectively and operate sustainably in all areas. This review highlights the importance of studying manufacturing aspects and the characteristics associated with MPs, which can be implemented to solve problems and encourage novel methods in the global food/feed industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"16 4","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity and Antifungal Activities of Amazonian Actinomycetes Isolated from Rhizospheres of <i>Inga edulis</i> Plants.","authors":"Rafael de Souza Rodrigues, Antonia Queiroz Lima de Souza, Anderson Nogueira Barbosa, Sarah Raquel Silveira da Silva Santiago, Aldenora Dos Santos Vasconcelos, Roneres Deniz Barbosa, Thalita Caroline Lima Alves, Jeferson Chagas da Cruz, Gilvan Ferreira da Silva, Jania Lilia da Silva Bentes, Afonso Duarte Leão de Souza","doi":"10.31083/j.fbe1604039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbe1604039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Actinobacteria are major producers of antibacterial and antifungal metabolites and are growing their search for substances of biotechnological interest, especially for use in agriculture, among other applications. The Amazon is potentially rich in actinobacteria; however, almost no research studies exist. Thus, we present a study of the occurrence and antifungal potential of actinobacteria from the rhizosphere of <i>Inga edulis</i>, a native South American plant and one that is economically useful in the whole of the Amazon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among the 64 actinobacteria strains isolated from the rhizosphere of three <i>Inga edulis</i> plants, 20 strains were selected and submitted to dual-culture assays against five important phytopathogenic fungi and morphological and 16S rRNA gene analyses. Two strains, LaBMicrA B270 and B280, were also studied for production curves of metabolic extracts and antifungal activities, including their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against phytopathogenic fungi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 20 strains, 90% were identified as <i>Streptomyces</i> and 10% as <i>Kitasatospora</i>. All the strains showed antagonisms against two or more of five phytopathogens: <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i>, <i>Colletotrichum guaranicola</i>, <i>Colletotrichum</i> sp., <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> sp., and <i>Sclerotium coffeicola</i>. <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. strains LaBMicrA B270 and B280 were active against phytopathogens of the guarana plant (<i>Paullinia cupana</i>). Furthermore, AcOEt/2-propanol 9:1 extract from the 10-day strain LaBMicrA B280 cultured medium presented activity against all the phytopathogens tested, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 125 μg/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results revealed various actinomycetes in three rhizospheres of <i>I. edulis</i> in the Amazon and the high potential of metabolic extracts from some of these bacterial strains against phytopathogenic fungi that destroy numerous crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"16 4","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Molecular Characterization of <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Wastewater Environments in Two University Campuses in Nigeria.","authors":"Olubunmi Marvelous Emurotu, Chukwudi Anyanwu, Cornelius Arome Omatola, Ruth Foluke Aminu, Joseph Oyiguh Abraham, Gilbert Karngong Nfor, Sunday Ocholi Samson, S'fiso Thuthukani Gumbi","doi":"10.31083/j.fbe1604038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbe1604038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) is the most prominent bacterial pathogen that causes urinary tract infections (UTIs), and the rate of resistance to most used antibiotics is alarmingly increasing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study assessed the hostel gutters of two Nigerian universities, the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN) and Kogi State University, Anyigba (KSU), for <i>E. coli</i> and its antimicrobial resistance genes (<i>ARGs</i>). Oxoid Chromogenic UTI agar was used to isolate uropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> (UPEC), identified using standard biochemical tests. The virulence and resistance genes of the isolates were further characterized using molecular techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 906 UPEC were isolated in this study, of which 63 isolates were selected for antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The UPEC isolates showed 100% resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, vancomycin, and penicillin G, while a complete sensitivity of the isolates to meropenem and ciprofloxacin was observed. The index of isolates showing multidrug resistance ranged from 0.33 to 0.73. The level of multiple drug resistance (MDR) exhibited by the UPEC isolates from effluent was significantly higher compared to those from influent (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The ARGs detected were <i>blaOXA-1</i> 8 (38.1%), <i>blaCTX-M3</i> 8 (38.1%), and <i>ant(2)-la</i> 20 (95.2%). Virulence genes encodings beta-glucuronidase (<i>uidA</i>) and hemolysin A (<i>hlyA</i>) were detected in 95.2% of UPEC isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study showed that UPEC is widely distributed in the environment of two Nigerian universities. The index range of MDR and the circulation of ARGs and virulence genes in the environment suggest a potential health concern, thus warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73068,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)","volume":"16 4","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}