Energy & Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"Built-in Single-Ion-Conducting Polymer Bridges for Superior Ion Transport Enabling Long-Life and High-Voltage Lithium-Metal Batteries","authors":"Jiajun Gong, Qimin Peng, Shunshun Zhao, Taolue Wen, Haojie Xu, Weiting Ma, Zhicheng Yao, Yong Chen, Guoxiu Wang, Shimou Chen","doi":"10.1039/d5ee01338k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee01338k","url":null,"abstract":"Composite polymer electrolyte (CPE)-based Li metal batteries have emerged as the most promising candidates for next-generation batteries. However, intrinsic incompatibility between composite phases severely compromises electrolyte performance. Herein, we propose a built-in single-ion-conductor bridge that seamlessly links the garnet-type oxide phase with PVDF-based polymer matrixes, enabling excellent composite compatibility and superior Li⁺ fluxes throughout the bulk electrolyte. The 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid molecule is chosen to in-situ convert the inert surface layer of garnet fast‐ion conductors into a molecular single‐ion-conducting layer with rapid ionic transport, effectively bridging ion transport among multiple components. The resulting CPE exhibits remarkable long-cycling stability under extreme conditions (e.g., high voltage of 4.5 V, high loading of 10.2 mg cm−2, and low temperature of –30 °C). Specifically, the assembled Li||LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 pouch cells delivered a stable cycling for 1200 cycles at 0.5 C. Moreover, the strategy is readily applicable to sodium metal batteries, achieving decay-free performance over 2200 cycles. Thus, it offers a promising approach for fabricating high-performance solid-state batteries.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale coupled electron-ion transport in semi-solid lithium flow batteries","authors":"Shanshan Pan, Wenhao Fang, Jie Yan, Suojiang Zhang, Haitao Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d5ee00569h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee00569h","url":null,"abstract":"Semi-solid lithium flow batteries (LFBs), inheriting the advantages of high scalability of flow batteries (FBs) and high energy density of rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs), are considered as an emerging technology for grid-scale energy storage. Distinct from traditional FBs and LIBs, semi-solid LFBs employ multiphase electrodes containing solid particles and liquid electrolyte. Such semi-solid electrodes are always under flowable and dynamic state during operation, leading to multiscale coupled reaction dynamics and unique charge transport mechanisms. Understanding the intrinsic electron-ion transport mechanisms and homogenizing transport kinetics is imperative for the rational optimization of semi-solid LFBs. Nevertheless, the unique mechanisms in electron-ion transport and design strategies for manipulating charge transport kinetics have rarely been systematically elucidated and analyzed. Hence, this review provides a comprehensive understanding and recognization of intrinsic electron-ion transport mechanisms via decoupling charge transport processes in semi-solid LFBs over multiscale domains. Meanwhile, current strategies to manipulate multiscale electron-ion transport kinetics of semi-solid electrodes and membranes are systematically summarized. Moreover, we highlight the multi-physics field modeling of semi-solid LFBs to fundamentally understand the correlation between the electrochemistry and battery structure. In particular, potential advantages and challenges toward commercialization of semi-solid LFBs are also assessed. Finally, future perspectives on crucial scientific and practical issues for different development stages are outlined. This review aims to bridge the current research gap between fundamental electrochemistry and commercial applications of semi-solid LFBs, which will accelerate their deployment in the field of energy storage.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving persistent and ultra-high voltage output through arid-adapted plants-inspired high-performance moisture-electric generator","authors":"Yu Chen, Chengwei Ye, Jiajun He, Rui Guo, Liangti Qu, Shaochun Tang","doi":"10.1039/d5ee01194a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee01194a","url":null,"abstract":"Moisture-electric generator (MEG) present a promising alternative to conventional batteries, particularly for off-grid and decentralized power applications. However, existing MEGs suffer from low power output, instability, and limited scalability due to their sensitivity to fluctuating ambient humidity. Inspired by the transpiration of arid-adapted plants, we demonstrate a three-dimensional, self-sustained MEG (3D-SMEG) for efficient and persistent power generation through continuous moisture adsorption-desorption cycles. A biomimetic hydrophobic microporous layer, which regulates water evaporation and facilitates unidirectional hygroionic transport, can effectively decouple power generation from external humidity variations. The optimized spatial electric field creates a strong concentration gradient of ionized groups within the 3D-SMEG, significantly enhancing electrical output. A single, compact (only 0.1 cm3 in volume) 3D-SMEG generates high power output with 1.4 V and 0.1 mA, achieving an order of magnitude improvement over conventional MEGs. Notably, the 3D-SMEG exhibits stable operation for over 1000 hours under natural environmental conditions. Furthermore, a scalable screen-printing strategy enables the integration of 500 units to achieve an ultra-high voltage over 680 V with minimal power loss (2.8%), which is sufficient to directly power commercial electronics. This work establishes a high-performance, scalable MEG platform, paving the way for self-powered electronic devices and future moisture-driven energy infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Hexaazatriphenylene-based COFs for Rechargeable Batteries: From Structural Design to Electrochemical Performance","authors":"Zhonghui Sun, Zhongping Li, Jinsong Peng, Xiaomeng Yan, Hang Shang, Yucheng Jin, Qiannan Zhao, Changqing Li, Siliu Lyu, Chunxia Chen, Jong-Beom Baek","doi":"10.1039/d5ee01599e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee01599e","url":null,"abstract":"As commercial batteries reach capacity and energy density limits, especially with graphite anodes and transition metal cathodes, the need for advanced alternatives grows. Organic electrodes offer the promise of high capacity, sustainability, and tunable structures. Among them, hexaazatriphenylene (HATP)-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained considerable attention because of their distinctive characteristics. HATP-based COFs are formed with an electronegative skeleton within one-dimensional channels, and exhibit a strong affinity for metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Zn2+). Their distinct structure significantly enhances both ion transport and reaction kinetics. Moreover, HATP-based COFs exhibit highly ordered, permanent porosity and large surface areas, while their dense active sites and tunable conductivity facilitate rapid redox processes and enhanced capacity, leading to improved electrochemical performance. Additionally, their conjugated nature ensures robust physical and chemical stability, minimizing side reactions and maintaining structural integrity and cycling stability. As a result, HATP-based COFs are particularly well-suited for various rechargeable batteries, including lithium-ion, sodium-ion, potassium-ion, and aqueous zinc-ion batteries. This review explores the development and design principles of HATP-based COFs, analyzes their electrochemical performance and redox mechanisms, and addresses the challenges and future directions for their application in energy storage technologies.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symmetrically pumped charges with high confinement stiffness for boosted performance in wave energy harvesting","authors":"Hui-jing Qiu, Wei-Zhi Song, Zichao Deng, Zhong Lin Wang, Liang Xu","doi":"10.1039/d5ee01158b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee01158b","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing the output is the most crucial challenge for developing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as an alternative technology to exploit wave energy, which is more difficult than other application scenarios due to the full-encapsulation requirement and slow agitation of practical waves. Here, we develop a symmetrical charge pumping method based on a non-contact TENG, achieving boosted performance in practical slow waves. The method allows synchronously accumulating positive and negative confinement charges to a high density under the synergistic effect of oil dielectrics. More importantly, we find a new control parameter for device performance termed as confinement stiffness, which refers to the degree of squeezing out of confined charges under Coulombic reaction force. Through enhancing the confinement stiffness, the output performance and stability of TENGs can be greatly improved. Moreover, a pre-switching power management circuit is designed which solves the inconsistency problem of traditional circuit with the charge pumping method, reaching an 874.6-fold enhancement in charging a capacitor. Meanwhile, a novel negative power phenomenon is also reported. Based on the comprehensive designs, the charge density and power output are greatly boosted, reaching 1.6 mC/m<small>²</small> and 1.215 W respectively in an ideal condition. While tested in a 45-meter-long wave basin, the peak power density can reach 176.15 W/m<small>³</small> under 1 Hz waves, which sets a new record and is 10.37 times of the reference device. The work demonstrates comprehensive strategies for boosting TENG performance, which should represent a key step toward efficient blue energy harvesting for self-powered systems and marine clean energy.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extension on the Conjugated Framework of Non-fullerene Electron Acceptors toward Highly Efficient Organic Photovoltaics","authors":"Yuandong Sun, Liang Wang, Dawei Gao, Chen Chen, Zirui Gan, Jingchao Cheng, Jing Zhou, Dan Liu, Wei Li, Tao Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5ee00845j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee00845j","url":null,"abstract":"Extending the π-conjugated framework of Non-fullerene electron acceptors (NFAs) have been considered as an effective method to improve the optoelectronic properties, however, how does the conjugation extension affect the molecular packing and aggregation behavior of NFAs and further determine the photovoltaic performance in their binary and ternary solar cells remain unclear. In this work, we find that extending the end-group of a cutting-edge NFA C5-16 with biphenyl moiety can enlarge the torsional angles and hamper the intermolecular interactions, whilst the extension of the quinoline moiety on the backbone core can encourage the core-to-core interactions, allowing prolonged crystallization period during the film-formation process and leading to reduced morphological and excitonic static disorder for acceptor. By further combining the end-group and core extended NFA C5Qx-B6F with C5-16, the C5Qx-B6F:C5-16 blend film not only retains improved structural order with reduced excitonic static disorder for acceptor like C5Qx-B6F, but also obtains molecular packing transformation from A-to-A and D-to-D to A-to-D, directing to an efficient charge collection ability with suppressed bimolecular recombination. As the results, a maximum PCE of 20.3%, FF of 81.8%, JSC of 27.6 mA cm-2 and VOC of 0.899 V are obtained, with elevated operational T80 lifetime due to improved morphological stability that benefits from less free volume in the photoactive film.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water electrolysis technologies: the importance of new cell designs and fundamental modelling to guide industrial-scale development","authors":"Muhammad Adil Riaz, Panagiotis Trogadas, David Aymé-Perrot, Christoph Sachs, Nicolas Dubouis, Hubert Girault, Marc-Olivier Coppens","doi":"10.1039/d4ee05559d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee05559d","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale, sustainable, low-cost production of hydrogen can reduce the negative effects of climate change by decarbonising energy infrastructure. Low-carbon hydrogen can be synthesised via water electrolysis. Today, however, this only constitutes a minor proportion of global hydrogen production, as fossil fuel-based processes are used predominantly with large amounts of carbon emissions. Low-temperature electrolysis (&lt; 100 ºC) has garnered significant attention, due to lower capital cost and operational complexity than high-temperature electrolysis (&gt; 700 ºC). In this review, the latest advancements in low-temperature water electrolysers are provided from the current-generation, membrane-based designs to the next-generation membrane-less designs. The coverage of electrodes by gas bubbles can cause a drastic loss in their activity and, hence, the hydrogen production efficiency of the device. To alleviate this issue, aerophobic and aerophilic electrodes are being developed. Their advantageous properties are discussed. Furthermore, models of water electrolysers are reviewed to provide critical understanding of the different parameters affecting the electrochemical performance of these devices. Finally, an industrial perspective is given to discuss the challenges in large-scale Gigawatt-level deployment of these devices in coming decades to meet future green hydrogen demand.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast synthesis of an efficient urea oxidation electrocatalyst for urea-assisted fast-charging Zn–air batteries and water splitting","authors":"Tongtong Li, Zhiyang Zheng, Zherui Chen, Mengtian Zhang, Zhexuan Liu, Huang Chen, Xiao Xiao, Shaogang Wang, Haotian Qu, Qingjin Fu, Le Liu, Ming Zhou, Boran Wang, Guangmin Zhou","doi":"10.1039/d5ee01064k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee01064k","url":null,"abstract":"The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) efficiently treats urea-containing wastewater while replacing the high theoretical potential of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), thereby enabling wastewater valorization. Traditional UOR catalysts are limited by sluggish reaction kinetics and high energy barriers due to non-optimized structures with insufficient active sites and poor charge transfer. Additionally, their complex synthesis increases costs and limits scalability for industrial applications. We addressed these challenges by introducing a 2-second, room-temperature synthesis method for sulfur-doped nickel–iron layered double hydroxide (S-NiFe-LDH). The catalyst's nanostructured surface enhanced mass transfer, and its synthesis required minimal energy and cost. Sulfur doping lowered the catalyst's onset potential, stabilized active sites, and improved charge transfer, significantly enhancing urea oxidation efficiency. Given the critical role of the OER in both water electrolysis and zinc–air battery systems, we applied the catalyst to these two systems, substituting the traditional OER with the UOR. In UOR-assisted water electrolysis, the catalyst achieved a sustained high current density of 100 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> at just 1.47 V over 288 h, demonstrating an energy conversion efficiency in which the electrolyzer consumed only 3.52 kW h of electricity to produce 1 m<small>³</small> of hydrogen. Additionally, fast-charging UOR-assisted Zn–air batteries maintained stability for over 1931 h. The S-NiFe-LDH catalyst effectively removed urea, mitigating eutrophication from agricultural and industrial effluents. This dual functionality of energy-efficient urea degradation and wastewater purification aligns with global sustainability goals, particularly in terms of clean water access and renewable energy development, providing a scalable and cost-effective solution for clean water and energy.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isomerization of Peripheral Functional Groups Refines Aggregation and Non-Radiative Energy Loss for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics","authors":"Xiaoning Wang, Xiangyu Shen, Jianxiao Wang, Fuzhen Bi, Huanxiang Jiang, Hao Lu, Cheng Sun, Chunming Yang, Yonghai Li, Xichang Bao","doi":"10.1039/d5ee00455a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee00455a","url":null,"abstract":"Side chain engineering plays an important role to modulate the aggregation of organic photovoltaic materials. However, exploration of the specific sites of side chains remains very limited. Herein, we attach two isomerized benzotriazoles (BTz-1 and BTz-2) into the terminal of linear alkyl chains, and elaborately explore the spatial and electronic effect of the overhanging groups on global behaviors of materials. This subtle difference brings about extensive distinctions of the resultant acceptors of YBTz-1 and YBTz-2. The asymmetric BTz-1 triggers rearrangement of electron clouds along the π-skeleton via spatial interactions, yielding a large dipole moment and greater aggregation of YBTz-1 with excessively phase-separated heterojunction textures. More importantly, the energy landscapes of charge transfer (CT) states are accordingly regulated, which ulteriorly impacts the excited states hybridization and non-radiative energy loss. Consequently, the D18:YBTz-2 binary devices afford an impressive efficiency of 19.1% with a low ΔEnr of 0.22 eV, outdistancing the D18:YBTz-1 with inferior efficiency of 14.7% and large ΔEnr of 0.30 eV. Moreover, the YBTz-2 greatly refines the D18:L8BO system, realizing an outstanding efficiency up to 19.9%. These results offer new insights into the meticulous side chain engineering, which are instructive to further advance the development of organic photovoltaics.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent energy storage and decarbonization by metal-CO2 batteries: aqueous or non-aqueous?","authors":"Zaiping Guo, Divyani Gupta, Jinshuo Zou, Jianfeng Mao","doi":"10.1039/d5ee00266d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ee00266d","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable metal-CO2 batteries (RMCBs) are highly promising for renewable energy storage and simultaneous reduction of carbon footprint from the environment, making it very attractive for next-generation battery development. An electrolyte plays a crucial role in RMCBs and determines the choice of metal anode, kinetics of reactions taking place at electrode-electrolyte interface and thus the battery performance. We comprehensively review the advances in liquid electrolytes for RMCBs, namely, non-aqueous and aqueous, to foster a clear picture of the future RMCBs and their potential applications depedning on the electrolyte system. The advantages and disadvantages of both systems and a stern comparison amongst them is also discussed. The projected battery market/economics and current status in harmony with sustainable energy storage-decarbonization for aqueous and non-aqueous RMCBs is derived followed by the overall summary and outlook. We aim to summarize the existing status and potential of aqueous and non-aqueous RMCBs along with likely improvements necessary for the real-time application of RMCBs.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}