Thomas Ayalew Abebe, Sebastian Semella and Gudina Terefe Tucho
{"title":"Correction: Spatial analysis of human fecal waste in rural Oromia, Ethiopia: biomethane and nutrient recovery potential","authors":"Thomas Ayalew Abebe, Sebastian Semella and Gudina Terefe Tucho","doi":"10.1039/D6VA90012G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6VA90012G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Spatial analysis of human fecal waste in rural Oromia, Ethiopia: biomethane and nutrient recovery potential’ by Thomas Ayalew Abebe <em>et al.</em>, <em>Environ. Sci.: Adv.</em>, 2026, <strong>5</strong>, 591–605, https://doi.org/10.1039/d5va00356c.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1453-1453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d6va90012g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Battery metals from the deep sea: using industrial ecology for comparative analysis of impacts with terrestrial mining","authors":"Saleem H. Ali, Alexander Gilbert and Aiden Kuo","doi":"10.1039/D6VA00013D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6VA00013D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Growing global demand for industrial metals is driving emergent interest by companies and countries in mining minerals from the deep seabed, specifically to develop batteries. Oceanic mining companies have particularly noted that polymetallic nodules with manganese, nickel, cobalt and copper are well-suited for the “battery revolution.” However, there is substantial uncertainty regarding the environmental and social consequences of expanding human industrial activities to the fragile seabed and related ecosystems. Industrial ecology tools can support decision-making related to oceanic mineral exploitation by mitigating this uncertainty and providing comparisons to terrestrial exploitation. Major tools developed for terrestrial systems, such as design for the environment, dematerialization, and life cycle analysis, can supplement conventional environmental impact assessments. However, research on their application from a systems perspective across terrestrial and oceanic environments to date has been limited. Such tools can inform emerging resource governance mechanisms for national and international waters. Broader efforts to reduce global economic resource intensity can also reduce demand for deep sea minerals. Once there are enough metals in product stocks for recycling within their maximum available life, a transition to a circular economy for battery metals may be possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1273-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d6va00013d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kumar Ajay, Nafees Ahmad, Sunil Kumar, Aayush, Praveen K Mishra and Ambili Anoop
{"title":"Microplastic sources and distribution dynamics across contrasting anthropogenic settings: implications for lake management","authors":"Kumar Ajay, Nafees Ahmad, Sunil Kumar, Aayush, Praveen K Mishra and Ambili Anoop","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00475F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00475F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microplastic (MP) particles have emerged as a concerning pollutant that interferes with ecological processes and poses risks to human health. A comprehensive understanding of their source, distribution dynamics and controlling factors across diverse freshwater systems is essential for deciphering their environmental impacts. This study investigates the magnitude and spatial distribution of MP contamination in the water and sediment of two contrasting freshwater lakes, Mansar and Sukhna, and elucidates the key environmental drivers governing their variability, including TOC, TN, grain-size characteristics, and water depth. In Mansar Lake, an anthropogenically influenced and unregulated site, exhibited substantially higher microplastic levels, varying between 45–120 particles per L in the water and 390–5720 particles per kg in the sediment. In contrast, Sukhna Lake, which is relatively well managed, microplastic concentrations ranged from 5–75 particles per L in the surface water and 170–2320 particles per kg in the sediment. The markedly lower MPs abundance in Sukhna Lake can be attributed to its ongoing conservation and management interventions, including restrictions on construction activities and bans on single-use plastics within the catchment. The chemical composition of MPs identified in the water and sediment samples comprises polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), predominantly occurring as pellets, fibres, and fragments. The coherent spatial patterns of TOC and TN, along with their strong positive covariance in Mansar Lake, indicate a common source of organic matter. In contrast, the decoupled distributions of TOC and TN in Sukhna Lake suggest multiple and compositionally distinct organic matter sources. The absence of statistically significant relationships between MP abundance and environmental variables, including grain size, water depth, TOC, and TN, implies that MP loading is largely driven by the proximity and intensity of local anthropogenic activities rather than in-lake physicochemical controls. These findings highlight the efficacy of targeted lake-management interventions, including restrictions on specific anthropogenic activities within the catchment, in reducing MP inputs to freshwater systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1379-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00475f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariele de Souza Parra Agostinho, Artur Sass Braga, Benjamin Anderson, Yves Filion and Cristovão Vicente Scapulatempo Fernandes
{"title":"Examining the impact of small-amplitude hydraulic transients on biofilm development and adhesion in a full-scale, controlled water distribution environment","authors":"Mariele de Souza Parra Agostinho, Artur Sass Braga, Benjamin Anderson, Yves Filion and Cristovão Vicente Scapulatempo Fernandes","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00415B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00415B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Biofilms play a crucial role in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), as they influence microbial stability and water quality. While the effects of steady-state hydraulic conditions on biofilm formation and adhesion are well documented, the influence of small-amplitude hydraulic transients remains unexplored. This study examines the impact of small-amplitude transients on biofilm development and adhesion to the pipe wall, mobilization behavior during flushing, and microbial activity in the bulk water in a full-scale PVC distribution pipe laboratory. Over a 28 days biofilm conditioning period, biofilms were subjected to steady-state flow and periodic transient events, followed by controlled flushing to evaluate the detachment behavior. The key findings showed that a moderate transient pulse (20 kPa) enhanced biofilm adhesion to the wall and led to a more uniform biofilm distribution along the pipe wall. A stronger transient pulse (40 kPa) inhibited biofilm accumulation and promoted continuous detachment from the wall during the 28-days biofilm conditioning period. Pipe flushing confirmed that biofilms formed under moderate and strong transient conditions exhibited greater wall adhesion and resistance to mobiliation during flushing as compared to those grown under steady-state flow conditions. These findings suggest that controlled hydraulic transients may play a role in biofilm management strategies, offering the potential to optimize DWDS maintenance and reduce microbial mobilization risks. However, further research is needed to assess the long-term effects in real-world systems with diverse pipe materials, nutrient conditions, and disinfection regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1355-1366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00415b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial and temporal variations of ambient PM2.5, NO2, and O3 in Kigali: evidence and policy implications from a multi-year, citywide monitoring network","authors":"Augustine Omodieke, Daniel Twum and Egide Kalisa","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00433K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00433K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Air pollution is increasingly concerning for the environment and health in Africa, yet high-resolution, dependable data are limited. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of air quality in Kigali city, Rwanda's capital, using real-time PM<small><sub>2.5</sub></small>, NO<small><sub>2</sub></small>, and O<small><sub>3</sub></small> measurements from 11 stations across three districts (Gasabo, Kicukiro, and Nyarugenge) spanning 2021 to 2024. All data were collected using a low-cost sensor (Real-time Affordable Multi-Pollutant (RAMP)) and validated with data from a reference-grade Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor (BAM). The results show that PM<small><sub>2.5</sub></small> levels regularly exceed WHO guidelines across all seasons, with annual averages ranging from 33.6 to 46.3 µg m<small><sup>−3</sup></small> and peak episodes exceeding 200 µg m<small><sup>−3</sup></small>, especially during dry months. NO<small><sub>2</sub></small> levels ranged from 18.6 to 22.9 µg m<small><sup>−3</sup></small> annually, with the peak hourly concentration reaching 173 µg m<small><sup>−3</sup></small> at roadside locations. O<small><sub>3</sub></small> displayed significant seasonal changes, with 8 hour maximums reaching nearly 58 ppb. PM<small><sub>2.5</sub></small> and O<small><sub>3</sub></small> concentrations at the urban roadside sites were significantly higher than those at the urban background and rural sites. This is the first comprehensive long-term citywide air quality study in Rwanda, providing an essential baseline for informed policymaking and regional comparisons across sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings highlight the need to expand the deployment of low-cost sensor networks in vulnerable urban neighbourhoods to understand local-scale air pollution episodes and rapidly inform local interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1556-1565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00433k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofiane El Barkaoui, Marco De Sanctis, Sapia Murgolo, Giuseppe Mascolo and Claudio Di Iaconi
{"title":"Assessing the long-term efficiency of the MULESL system: a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment and agricultural water reuse","authors":"Sofiane El Barkaoui, Marco De Sanctis, Sapia Murgolo, Giuseppe Mascolo and Claudio Di Iaconi","doi":"10.1039/D6VA00047A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6VA00047A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study evaluates the long-term performance of the MULESL (MUch LEss SLudge) system for treating municipal wastewater intended for agricultural reuse, with particular focus on contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). The system showed stable removal of conventional pollutants under variable hydraulic loads, achieving 94% and 90% reductions in total and soluble COD, respectively, with residual BOD<small><sub>5</sub></small> of 9 mg L<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. High removal efficiencies were also observed for TSS (>94%), VSS (>93%), TN (83%), TKN (91%), and NH<small><sub>3</sub></small> (92%), while pH and conductivity remained within regulatory limits. From a database of over 40 000 compounds, 46 CECs were selected as the most abundant in influent wastewater; metformin, caffeine, and 1,7-dimethylxanthine were the most prevalent. The MULESL system achieved up to 85% overall CEC removal. Post-treatment significantly improved microbiological quality: UV disinfection (20 s) reduced <em>E. coli</em> to <10 CFU/100 mL, meeting stringent European reuse standards, while peracetic acid (2–3 mg L<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) provided slightly lower but effective results. The high efficiency is attributed to the biofilm–granular structure, long solids retention time, and enhanced sorption and biodegradation processes, highlighting the MULESL system as a compact and resilient solution for safe wastewater reuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1316-1327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d6va00047a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afsana Sharmin, Mansoor Ahmad Bhat, Ignacio Martin-Fabiani and Tanja Radu
{"title":"Microplastic emissions and degradation mechanisms, in artificial turf systems – analytical detection and future directions","authors":"Afsana Sharmin, Mansoor Ahmad Bhat, Ignacio Martin-Fabiani and Tanja Radu","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00416K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00416K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The environmental impact of artificial turf systems is receiving increasing attention, particularly in relation to the release of microplastics. Here, our aim is to review recent studies on microplastic emissions from artificial sports fields, with an emphasis on environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation, temperature fluctuations, rain, and mechanical wear, which all contribute to the fragmentation of synthetic fibres and infills. This study also reviews the leaching of toxic chemicals and microplastic sources in artificial turfs. We summarise and discuss various analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, employed to detect and quantify the release of microplastics and different contaminants from artificial turf to the environment. We identify significant gaps in current research, specifically determining degradation rates of artificial turf, and the detection and release characterisation of harmful substances like microplastics, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from it. We highlight a need for further standardised methods and comprehensive long-term and accelerated studies to accurately assess the full ecological impact of microplastic release from artificial turf systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1252-1272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00416k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel MOF-integrated MXene-magnetite electrochemical platform for effective detection of chloramphenicol","authors":"Roxana Paz, Herlys Viltres, Nishesh Gupta, Carolina Leyva, Seshasai Srinivasan and Amin Reza Rajabzadeh","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00474H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00474H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chloramphenicol (CAP) contamination in natural waters presents an increasing concern due to its persistence and potential risks to ecosystems and human health. To address this challenge, an electrochemical sensing platform based on a Fe<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small>@MXene@Fe-BDC composite modified screen-printed carbon electrode was developed and characterized. The hybrid material combines the high electrical conductivity of MXene, the magnetic and catalytic properties of Fe<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small>, and the adsorption capabilities of the Fe-BDC metal–organic framework, resulting in a synergistic enhancement of sensing performance. Using differential pulse voltammetry, the sensor achieved a broad linear detection range from 1 to 309 µM, a low detection limit of 0.26 µM, and a high sensitivity of 0.95 µA µM<small><sup>−1</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical analyses revealed that functional groups such as carboxyl, phenolic, and Fe–O play a central role in CAP recognition through hydrogen bonding, π–π interactions, and metal–oxygen coordination pathways. The sensor also exhibited notable stability, retaining 95.7% of its initial response after 20 days, and performed reliably in complex water samples. These results demonstrate the potential of the Fe<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small>@MXene@Fe-BDC architecture as an efficient and practical tool for monitoring chloramphenicol in environmental settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 4","pages":" 1162-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00474h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sisanmi Samuel Aghomi, Okpoebi Kenneth Berezi and Chilaka Diepreye
{"title":"Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor dust from Okerenkoko community, Warri, Nigeria","authors":"Sisanmi Samuel Aghomi, Okpoebi Kenneth Berezi and Chilaka Diepreye","doi":"10.1039/D4VA00430B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4VA00430B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigated the occurrence, sources, and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor dust from the Okerenkoko Community, Warri, Nigeria. Dust samples were collected from three locations: NMU Campus/Lodge (NMU CL), Zion Residential Area (ZA), and Okerenkoko II Area (Okk). Total PAH concentrations (∑PAHs) ranged from 0.0546 to 0.1005 mg kg<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, with higher levels at ZA and Okk, reflecting spatial variability influenced by local anthropogenic activities, including artisanal crude oil refining, biomass burning, combustion-related emissions from marine transport, and domestic fuel use. Compositional analysis revealed a predominance of 3- to 5-ring PAHs, with low- and high-molecular-weight (LMW and HMW) species contributing almost equally (50.8% and 49.2%, respectively), suggesting mixed pyrogenic–petrogenic sources. Diagnostic ratios (<em>e.g.</em>, Ant/(Ant + Phe), Flt/(Flt + Pyr), BaA/(BaA + Chr), IP/(IP + BghiP)) indicated that NMU CL and ZA were mainly influenced by pyrogenic sources, whereas Okk reflected both pyrogenic and petroleum-related inputs. Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed distinct contributions, with HMW PAHs associated with combustion processes and LMW PAHs linked to volatilization or indoor emissions. Health risk assessment showed that adults exhibited the highest incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs), followed by children and adolescents, with total ILCRs ranging from 1.05 × 10<small><sup>−7</sup></small> to 1.90 × 10<small><sup>−7</sup></small> across all sites. Dermal contact and ingestion were identified as the dominant pathways, while inhalation contributed negligibly (≤10<small><sup>−12</sup></small>). For example, adults at Okk recorded the highest ILCR (1.90 × 10<small><sup>−7</sup></small>), driven largely by dermal exposure, whereas children's ILCRs ranged between 1.26 × 10<small><sup>−7</sup></small> and 1.75 × 10<small><sup>−7</sup></small>. Non-cancer risk evaluation indicated hazard indices (HI) for all age groups remained far below 1 (children: 3.61 × 10<small><sup>−5</sup></small> to 4.88 × 10<small><sup>−5</sup></small>), suggesting negligible non-carcinogenic risk. These findings reveal the complex nature of PAH sources in indoor dust and highlight the importance of dermal exposure alongside ingestion, particularly for adults. The results underscore the heightened exposure risks for vulnerable groups and the urgency of targeted environmental controls and community health interventions in the Niger Delta.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 4","pages":" 1141-1161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d4va00430b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Idrees, Javed Ali, Amir Hossein Behroozi, Noushad Hussain, Vahid Vatanpour and Tizazu H. Mekonnen
{"title":"Sustainable biomass-derived activated carbons from Rosa brunonii seeds for high-efficiency textile dye removal from water","authors":"Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Idrees, Javed Ali, Amir Hossein Behroozi, Noushad Hussain, Vahid Vatanpour and Tizazu H. Mekonnen","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00490J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00490J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sustainable activated carbons were produced from <em>Rosa brunonii</em> Lindl. seeds through physical activation (PAC) and chemical activation (CAC) routes and evaluated for the removal of representative textile dyes, Disperse Orange 1 (DO1) and Eriochrome Black T (EBT), from water. The activation process induced pronounced structural and chemical transformations, leading to porous carbon frameworks with enriched carbon content of approximately 93 wt% and excellent thermal stability. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that dye uptake is strongly influenced by initial dye concentration, solution pH, temperature, and adsorbent dosage, and particle size. The chemically activated carbon exhibited superior adsorption performance, particularly toward EBT, achieving a maximum capacity of 256.4 mg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, whereas the PAC reached 192.3 mg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. For DO1, adsorption capacities of 73.0 and 69.4 mg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> were obtained for PAC and CAC, respectively. Equilibrium adsorption behavior was best described by the Langmuir model, indicating predominantly monolayer adsorption, and the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, suggesting strong dye–surface interactions. Adsorption was favoured at lower temperatures, consistent with an exothermic process. Solution pH had a pronounced effect on EBT adsorption, with maximum uptake under acidic conditions due to electrostatic attraction, whereas DO1 adsorption was largely pH independent. Overall, this study demonstrates the effective valorisation of agricultural waste into high-performance adsorbents and highlights <em>Rosa brunonii</em> seed-derived activated carbons as promising materials for sustainable textile wastewater remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1328-1343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00490j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}