Environmental science. Advances最新文献

{"title":"Technetium-99 determination in low-volume samples from the global environment with accelerator mass spectrometry.","authors":"Karin Hain, Stephanie Adler, Thomas Faestermann, L Keith Fifield, Michaela B Froehlich, Fadime Gülce, Dominik Koll, Gunther Korschinek, Martin Martschini, Francesca Quinto, Stefan Pavetich, Johanna Pitters, Georg Rugel, Stephen Tims, Jan Welch, Andreas Wiederin, Masatoshi Yamada","doi":"10.1039/d6va00067c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6va00067c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long-lived fission product technetium-99 (⁹⁹Tc, <i>t</i> _1/2 = (2.111 ± 0.012) × 10⁵ years) was successfully detected in small-volume (10 L, and 1 g, respectively) environmental samples such as Pacific Ocean and river water, Antarctic snow, and peat. Its presence in the environment is almost exclusively of anthropogenic origin and the determined levels are attributed to nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s and 60s as no local contamination source is known to be present at these sampling sites. A unique capability for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) measurements of environmental ⁹⁹Tc at unprecedented sensitivity was established, first using the Gas-filled Analysing Magnet System (GAMS, Germany) and after its shutdown, at the Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF, Australia). New chemical extraction and measurement techniques, including improved non-isotopic normalisation, enabled detection limits as low as 0.6 femtograms (fg) per sample for Antarctic snow, and enhancement of precision from 30% (GAMS) to 16% (HIAF). The rather high concentrations of about 280 fg (⁹⁹Tc) per g (dry mass) measured in peat indicate Tc accumulation in this archive, which opens the possibility of studying its migration behaviour even under reducing conditions. Furthermore, it allowed deduction of an improved estimate of the global ⁹⁹Tc inventory to (120-190) TBq. The first direct detection of ⁹⁹Tc at 8 fg L^-1 in river water highlights the need for further studies in urban areas to evaluate potential contributions from nuclear medicine. The achieved sensitivity allows monitoring of on-going releases, improving the risk assessment of releases from nuclear waste repositories and tracer applications in environmental sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" ","pages":"2396-2409"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13267875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of water quality degradation, ecological stress, and associated risks in aquatic ecosystems exposed to cigarette manufacturing effluents","authors":"Anupam Roy and Md Golam Mostafa","doi":"10.1039/D6VA00046K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6VA00046K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aquatic contamination is a growing global concern due to rapid agricultural and industrial expansion. This study quantified the impacts of tobacco-manufacturing effluents on adjacent aquatic ecosystems and assessed the associated ecotoxicological risks to aquatic biota using integrated multi-index approaches. A total of 12 effluent samples were collected from a tobacco industry, along with 48 water samples from industry-adjacent crop fields (ICFs) and non-tobacco crop fields (NCFs) across four sampling campaigns conducted during the before cropping season (BCS) and after cropping season (ACS). All samples were analyzed for 28 parameters. The results demonstrated that during ICF-ACS, turbidity (94.61 ± 28.21 NTU), TSS (132.67 ± 24.40 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), COD (269 ± 79.88 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), BOD<small>₅</small> (153 ± 59.33 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), NO<small>₃</small>–N (18.87 ± 4.87 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), PO<small>₄</small>–P (3.21 ± 1.12 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), and major heavy metals frequently exceeded aquatic ecosystem quality (AEQ) guidelines. The chloro-alkaline indices (CAI-1 and CAI-2) indicated relatively stable ion-exchange conditions across the studied aquatic ecosystems. The water quality and health indices illustrated that values declined up to 321% from BCS to ACS, shifting suitability from ‘good’ to ‘extremely poor’, with 1.56 to 2.54-fold greater degradation in ICF waters than in NCF waters. Similarly, toxicity increased by 94.7% in ICFs compared with 52.8% in NCFs, and the Potential Ecological Risk (RI) rose to the ‘very high risk’ category, nearly doubling in ICFs. Hazard Quotient (HQ) analyses identified Cd, Ni, Cr, and Pb as priority contaminants in ICF waters, posing significant risks to aquatic organisms. Tobacco-manufacturing effluents significantly impaired water quality and elevated ecotoxicological risks. Implementing effective pre-discharge treatment can mitigate these impacts and safeguard the health of adjacent aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1634-1654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d6va00046k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Reconciling algal growth understanding in photobioreactors through a statistical and facile single parameter (ψ) approach","authors":"Rupesh Kumar, Zohar Barnett-Itzhaki, Asher Wishkerman, Snehanshu Saha, Santonu Sarkar and Anirban Roy","doi":"10.1039/D6VA90017H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6VA90017H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Reconciling algal growth understanding in photobioreactors through a statistical and facile single parameter (<em>ψ</em>) approach’ by Rupesh Kumar <em>et al.</em>, <em>Environ. Sci.: Adv.</em>, 2025, <strong>4</strong>, 1650–1662, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00083A.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1655-1655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d6va90017h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of PFAS in municipal drinking water: a participatory case study in London, UK.","authors":"Alexandra K Richardson, Wei-Han Tien, Charlotte I Z O'Hern, William Francis, Sarah Dack, Leon P Barron, Frédéric B Píel","doi":"10.1039/d6va00076b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6va00076b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination has been reported in numerous environmental matrices, and there is a growing body of evidence that links PFAS exposure to adverse health effects. Consuming contaminated drinking water is potentially one of the most common routes of human exposure from these compounds. The spatial and temporal variability of 38 PFAS in 210 household tap water and public water fountains were assessed using a participatory sampling campaign in London, UK. The performance of commercially available water filters to remove PFAS was also assessed. Individual PFAS concentrations ranged from 0.6 ± 0.1 ng L^-1 (PFBS) to 9.1 ± 0.2 ng L^-1 (PFOS), and total PFAS concentrations ranged from 3 ng L^-1 to 41 ng L^-1 (mean = 18 ± 8 ng L^-1, median = 18 ng L^-1). Overall, 100% (<i>n</i> = 210) of all tap drinking water samples tested were within the lowest action threshold currently in place for England (<10 ng L^-1 for individual PFAS), and all samples were below the threshold for total PFAS (<100 ng L^-1). The daily concentration of PFAS did not substantially vary over the course of a month in three homes tested intensively. The risk to humans posed by four specific PFAS (PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS) in London drinking water was below the weekly tolerable intake established by the European Food Standards Authority (EFSA). Five water filters tested removed at least 85% of all PFAS studied in spiked (50 ng L^-1) water samples, therefore providing an effective way to reduce concentrations in regions where such contamination is of greater concern and/or where PFAS are not routinely monitored. Our findings provide reassuring evidence about the quality of municipal drinking water in London and the UK as a whole when considering official measurements made at treatment plants. We also provide benchmark risk assessment data for the future and information to concerned citizens about the quality of tap drinking water.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" ","pages":"1700-1709"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13162327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The two sides of 2D materials properties: a perspective on balancing air quality applications with environmental and health risks of 2D materials","authors":"Tse-Lun Chen, Yizhou Zhang, Ying Kong and Jing Wang","doi":"10.1039/D6VA00035E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D6VA00035E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Two-dimensional (2D) materials hold promise in revolutionizing air pollution control and airborne pathogen detection. However, their real-world application is entering a new phase that calls for a deeper understanding of their environmental and health risks. The field is now poised to bridge the gap between materials science and risk assessment. In this perspective, we present a vision that connects high-performance 2D materials applications with their unintended consequences. We discuss the life cycle impacts from manufacturing emissions to end-of-life concerns and the complex toxicological profiles of graphene-related materials and other emerging 2D materials families, and approaches to a “safety-and-sustainability-by-design” framework to guide the 2D materials research toward responsible, safe, and impactful societal solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1464-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13177296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coal-assisted flotation for olive mill wastewater: remediation and resource recovery","authors":"H. Polat, M. Polat, M. C. Eren, Ç. Güngör and E. Özsaygı","doi":"10.1039/D6VA00138F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6VA00138F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is difficult to manage due to its high organic load and persistent phenolic content. Here, coal-assisted flotation is evaluated as a single-step process integrating OMWW remediation with the upgrading of low-grade Soma lignite by exploiting interfacial interactions between wastewater constituents and coal surfaces. ATR-FTIR characterized coal and OMWW, while XRF, ash analysis, contact angle, and zeta potential measurements further assessed coal composition and surface behavior. Flotation tests conducted with 5–100% OMWW in the process water showed a strong dependence on wastewater fraction: the highest coal recovery together with the lowest-ash froth product was obtained at 5% OMWW, whereas increasing OMWW content beyond 10% progressively reduced recovery, consistent with partial surface hydrophilization under more concentrated wastewater matrices. The results support a dual mechanism in which OMWW organics enhance coal hydrophobicity to promote bubble–particle attachment. At the same time, phenolic compounds are removed from solution through adsorption onto coal surface sites, corroborated by post-flotation spectroscopic signatures. Overall, coal-assisted flotation defines an operational window where OMWW treatment and lignite beneficiation can be integrated, providing a scalable option for resource-oriented wastewater management.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1614-1623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d6va00138f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of recirculation prehydrolysis technology in food waste pretreatment and its environmental impact analysis: a case study in Shanghai","authors":"Dan Chen, Dan Wang, Luntao Wei, Yu Liu, Haozhong Yang, Feijiayi Li and Junhui Peng","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00468C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00468C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Food waste is characterized by a high generation rate, high moisture content, and rapid biodegradability, making it a biomass waste with significant resource potential. This study applies life cycle assessment (LCA) using the SimaPro 12.0 software and the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint method to evaluate the environmental performance of three food waste treatment scenarios in Shanghai (phase I, phase I with 30% recirculation prehydrolysis, and new phase II). The results show the following: (1) the overall system achieved a negative carbon footprint, mainly from the carbon sink effects of biogas power generation, solid waste incineration, and grease recovery; (2) the deodorization unit had the highest carbon emissions, followed by pretreatment and slurry treatment units; (3) standardized results indicated slurry treatment and deodorization, and pretreatment had the greatest environmental impacts; (4) among the scenarios, phase II performed the best in reducing greenhouse gases, controlling ecotoxicity, and improving resource efficiency; and (5) sensitivity analysis identified electricity as the most critical factor, followed by chemicals, while water had a minor influence. This study provides insights into optimizing food waste treatment, enhancing resource recovery, and supporting sustainable waste management.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1344-1354"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00468c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate of organic contaminants in electrochemical nitrogen recovery from urine","authors":"Anna Kogler and William A. Tarpeh","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00496A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00496A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study compared the fate of pharmaceuticals and disinfection byproducts across three electrochemical nitrogen recovery processes treating urine: electrochemical stripping (ECS), electrodialysis (ED), and bipolar electrodialysis (BPED). ECS achieved greater TAN recovery efficiencies than ED and BPED and was the only studied process that recovered a urine-derived ammonium sulfate product rather than a mixed concentrate (containing TAN, sodium, and potassium). Enrichment and removal ratios based on target pharmaceutical quantification and suspect screening were used to evaluate the fate of organic compounds relative to nitrogen recovery. These metrics suggested that ECS prevented organic contamination of the product more effectively than the other two processes and that both ECS and BPED achieved greater organic removal than ED. No disinfection byproducts were detected in the product for any process, but formation in other chambers may require mitigation. Our findings inform pre- and post-treatment for electrochemical nitrogen recovery, as well as modifications to reactor configuration and operating conditions. With future work using suspect screening and identification of additional compounds to build greater mechanistic understanding of compound fate and to characterize the toxicity of contaminants detected in treated urine and recovered products, our work will advance electrochemical technologies that recover high-purity, safely applied products and enable a circular nitrogen economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1566-1582"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00496a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in research on the sources, distribution, and isotopic tracing of low molecular weight monocarboxylic acids in the atmosphere","authors":"Lingxiao Lu, Buqing Xu and Gan Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5VA00480B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5VA00480B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Low molecular weight (C<small>₁</small>–C<small>₁₀</small>) monocarboxylic acids constitute one of the most abundant classes of atmospheric organic compounds. They occur ubiquitously in the gas, particle, and aqueous phases and exert significant influences on atmospheric acidity, radiative forcing, and the global carbon and water cycles. Stimulated by the severe acid rain crisis in the 1980s, research on the geochemical processes of atmospheric monocarboxylic acids advanced rapidly but declined over the past two decades following the effective control of acid rain. However, in recent years, the global implementation of emission reduction policies has substantially altered aerosol composition and properties, potentially leading to changes in the gas-particle partitioning behaviour and environmental fate of monocarboxylic acids. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the sampling and analytical techniques, sources and sinks, and global distribution patterns of monocarboxylic acids in the atmosphere and precipitation, and further discusses the application prospects of dual-carbon isotope (<em>δ</em><small>¹³</small>C–Δ<small>¹⁴</small>C) techniques. By integrating these aspects, this study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for revitalizing and deepening research on the geochemical processes of atmospheric monocarboxylic acids.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 6","pages":" 1507-1526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/va/d5va00480b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into complementary exposomic targeted analysis and suspect screening approaches: a case study examining human serum for chemicals with LC-IMS-MS","authors":"James N. Dodds, Nikki Barlow, Kara M. Joseph, Sarah J. Rehm, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Gang Han, Yu-Syuan Luo, Kangmin Zhu, Warren Casey, Ivan Rusyn and Erin S. Baker","doi":"10.1039/D6VA00088F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D6VA00088F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Although PFAS exposure is widespread in the general population, concern is heightened for individuals with unique occupational exposure scenarios. Accordingly, the PROject for Military Exposures and Toxin History Evaluation in US service members (PROMETHEUS) study is evaluating whether serum chemical exposure profiles correlate with cancer incidence in large cohorts (typically hundreds of samples per analysis) among military service members who may experience distinct occupational and environmental exposures. Here we describe analytical workflow development and results from a pilot subset (<em>n</em> = 36) of human serum samples using an integrated targeted and suspect-screening LC-IMS-MS platform. Serum (50 µL) was extracted by acid-assisted protein precipitation with isotopically labeled internal standards, concentrated, and analyzed by LC coupled to an Agilent 6560 IM-QTOF. Targeted PFAS quantitation was performed using matrix-matched calibration curves and was benchmarked against NIST SRM 1957 to assess method accuracy. Across the samples, the targeted panel captured predominantly legacy PFAS as anticipated noting their prevalence in prior studies (<em>e.g.</em>, PFOS, PFOA, 8 : 2 FTS, <em>N</em>-MeFOSAA, <em>etc.</em>). Ultra-short-chain PFAS presented class-specific analytical challenges; trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMS) was observed, whereas trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) eluted near the void volume and exhibited pronounced clustering in the ion mobility dimension, precluding reliable quantitation. In parallel, CCS-based mobility filtering supported suspect screening against an exposomic library (∼1100 entries) to expand detectable chemical space beyond targeted PFAS. Suspect screening yielded 49 non-PFAS candidates meeting accurate mass and CCS agreement criteria, and correlation analysis recapitulated expected co-exposure groupings among legacy PFCAs/PFSAs and structurally related suspect analytes. Collectively, these results establish a scalable, CCS-informed LC-IM-MS workflow for integrated targeted PFAS quantitation and exposomic suspect screening, enabling higher-powered association testing in the full set of PROMETHEUS samples and other large-scale human biomonitoring studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":" 5","pages":" 1306-1315"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}