Weina Yao , Junyi Che , Cheng Zhao , Xiao Zhang , Huijuan Zhou , Feng Bai
{"title":"Treatment of Alzheimer's disease by microcapsule regulates neurotransmitter release via microfluidic technology","authors":"Weina Yao , Junyi Che , Cheng Zhao , Xiao Zhang , Huijuan Zhou , Feng Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a complex etiology. The main neuropathological feature is the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), and the dysregulation of the cholinergic system is well associated with its mechanism of occurrence, for which no effective treatment is yet available. Daily oral administration remains the mainstay of treatment with AD, and how to improve the efficacy, prolong adsorption and medication compliance is still the focus of the current solution. We proposed a microcapsule based on microfluidic electrospray to form an intestinal epithelial lining for AD treatment, reducing the frequency of administration. Microfluidic electrospray technology was recruited to overcome the limitations associated with the variability in the microencapsulation production process and to produce functional microcapsules with finely adapted chemical composition, capsule thickness and encapsulant volume ratio. These microcapsules could slowly release drugs after adhering to the intestine, and their effectiveness and safety were further evaluated using cell culture studies and animal model studies. The results from the <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> experiments showed a significant reduction in administration frequency (i.e., from daily medication to once every five days), superior therapeutic efficacy and sufficient safety of these microcapsules in cell culture and APP/PS1 mice. These features make the microcapsules an excellent drug delivery system and represent great potential for clinical applications in AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 183-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48097179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengjie Jiang , Yu Zhuang , Ming Cai, Xudong Wang, Kaili Lin
{"title":"Decellularized extracellular matrix: A promising strategy for skin repair and regeneration","authors":"Shengjie Jiang , Yu Zhuang , Ming Cai, Xudong Wang, Kaili Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The skin is an important organ of the human body that resists external threats but lacks sufficient self-regeneration ability when severe damage occurs. However, most of the available skin substitutes cannot achieve ideal restoration of complex structures and multiple functions of native skin tissues. Fortunately, the advent of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) offers a promising approach to overcome these obstacles. The dECM, derived from the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), possesses a similar structure and composition, which constructs an environment favorable for cell performance in regeneration. Moreover, dECM retains good bioactivity, low immunogenicity, and high availability, making it a suitable biomaterial for skin repair and regeneration. In this review, various decellularization methods and subsequent evaluations of dECM are introduced first, and the main sources of dECM are then presented. Furthermore, the recent progress of dECM-based biomaterials applied in skin regeneration and future perspectives are summarized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 357-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44909599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guidan Wang , Zhenshan Pan , Xiaorui Zhu , Ruyue Yang , Rong Yang , Tingting Yang , Dong Hu , Aihua Jing , Gaofeng Liang
{"title":"Mesoporous magnetic nanoparticles conjugated aptamers for exosomes capture and detection of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Guidan Wang , Zhenshan Pan , Xiaorui Zhu , Ruyue Yang , Rong Yang , Tingting Yang , Dong Hu , Aihua Jing , Gaofeng Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exosomes are nanoscale membrane-enclosed extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, which have enormous potential as disease biomarkers for clinical application. However, the isolation and detection of exosomes remain enormous challenges, which limits their further application. Herein, inspired by immunomagnetic beads, a magnetic nanoparticle conjugated aptamer was repurposed for the effective capture and detection of exosomes. The magnetic nanoparticles, composed of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> synthesized by the hydrothermal method as the core and coupled with gold nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Au), provide a large specific surface area, making the resulting composite material an effective platform for exosome capture. Furthermore, the elution of captured exosomes with 1.0 M NaCl made downstream analysis of exosomes possible. The preliminary clinical application value of the composite in exosome analyses of serum from healthy individuals and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has also been verified, which could provide a promising platform for biomedical and clinical diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 349-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44651508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong-Hua Shen , Hao Zhu , Lin Zhou , Yan-Qing Zheng , Zhan Zhang , Ying Xie , Zhen-Qing Liu , Chun-Yan Peng , Lei Wang , Cheng Zhao , Xiao-Qi Zhang
{"title":"In inflammatory bowel disease and extraintestinal manifestations: What role does microbiome play?","authors":"Yong-Hua Shen , Hao Zhu , Lin Zhou , Yan-Qing Zheng , Zhan Zhang , Ying Xie , Zhen-Qing Liu , Chun-Yan Peng , Lei Wang , Cheng Zhao , Xiao-Qi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2023.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a systemic disorder affecting intestinal tract and other organs outside the gut, known as extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs). These EIMs are complex and diverse, and early treatment may reduce teratogenic rates and improve quality of life. However, our understanding of EIMs in IBD is currently limited by a lack of mechanistic insight. Fortunately, advances in our understanding of intestinal microecology are allowing us to uncover the underlying mechanisms of EIMs. The gut microbiota can drive aberrant immune activation and intestinal inflammation. Intriguingly, chronic inflammation can also shape the microbiome in reverse and aggravate dysbiosis. Recent research has revealed that microbiome-derived signal molecules play a crucial role in catalyzing enterocolitis and altering mucosal barrier function. Furthermore, gut microbiota-associated antigens can translocate from the intestine to extraintestinal sites, leading to systemic inflammatory responses. The microbiome is showing its potential in treating IBD and EIMs, and microbial engineering approaches, such as probiotic engineering and engineered fecal microbiota transplantation, are exhibiting great promise for IBD therapeutics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 337-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43328946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyue Cao , Lingyu Sun , Zhiqiang Luo , Xiang Lin , Yuanjin Zhao
{"title":"Aquaculture derived hybrid skin patches for wound healing","authors":"Xinyue Cao , Lingyu Sun , Zhiqiang Luo , Xiang Lin , Yuanjin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural biomaterials have been widely applied in wound treatment. Hotspots in this area are focused on reducing their immunogenicity and improving their therapeutic effect. In this work, we present a novel aquaculture derived hybrid skin patch based on acellular fish skin (AFS) and chitosan (CS) for wound healing. Such functional patch was simply constructed by infiltrating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded CS pregel into the porous scaffold of the AFS. As the natural molecules and structure of fish skin are well-retained during the synthesis processes, the final patch presented brilliant tensile property, water-absorption property, good biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. In addition, the integrated CS and VEGF endow the patch with antibacterial and angiogenesis capability respectively for promoting tissue growth and wound healing. Thus, in a full-thickness wound rat model, the hybrid patch has been demonstrated with dramatic therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting inflammatory, accelerating angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and tissue generation during the wound repair procedure. These features imply the practical value of this multifunctional aquaculture derived hybrid skin patch in clinical wound management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43292820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioactive 3D-printed chitosan-based scaffolds for personalized craniofacial bone tissue engineering","authors":"Satar Yousefiasl , Esmaeel Sharifi , Erfan Salahinejad , Pooyan Makvandi , Soussan Irani","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regeneration of craniofacial bone defects is a key issue in the bone regeneration field. Hence, novel treatment strategies, such as tissue engineering using porous scaffolds, have been developed. An ideal tissue-engineered scaffold for bone tissue regeneration should possess pores to facilitate nutrients transmission and support reparative tissue ingrowth, bioactivity for osteoconduction and osseointegration, and biocompatibility to improve cell attachment, proliferation, and extracellular matrix formation. In the present study, we manufactured chitosan-based hydrogels substituted with alginate with optimized properties by extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing. 3D printing of the scaffolds enables the designing and developing of complex architectures for craniofacial reconstruction using computer-aided design (CAD). Different ratios (2.5, 5, and 10%) of hydroxyapatite were added to the hydrogel, printed, and subsequently lyophilized to augment the physical and biological characteristics of the scaffolds. Hydroxyapatite incorporation into the chitosan-based scaffolds increased the porosity and pore size of the printed scaffolds. In addition, the presence of hydroxyapatite amplified apatite formation and decreased the size of formed apatite crystals. All the scaffold samples showed biocompatible properties and did not have toxicity toward rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, the scaffolds containing 5% w/w hydroxyapatite exhibited significant growth in cell viability compared to the control. Overall, it is concluded that chitosan-based scaffolds adorned with hydroxyapatite are considerable for regenerating craniofacial bone defects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41607649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Orthotopic implantable liver decellularized scaffold for acute liver failure","authors":"Jinglin Wang , Xueqian Qin , Senzhe Xia , Shujun Liu, Haozhen Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decellularized scaffolds have an irreplaceable role in the development of tissue engineering. Challenges in this field are concentrated on shaping macro-scale constructs and maintaining blood flow. Here, we establish a whole liver perfused decellularized scaffold cultured with hepatocytes for transplantable bioengineered liver construction. Owing to retained intact gross morphology of liver, geometric structure and biomechanical environment can support whole liver lobe transplantation. Besides, unremoved extracellular matrix (ECM) and vascular networks can delivery continuous nutrient for cell adhesion. Based on recellularized bioengineering liver scaffold, we have demonstrated its excellent hepatic functions when it orthotopic implanted in acute liver failure (ALF) rats, along with the prolonged survival rate and improved biochemical indicators. These outstanding properties indicate that the orthotopic implantable liver scaffold has broad clinical application prospects in the treatment of ALF and other regeneration diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43459100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangyi Wu , Haofang Zhu , Ye Xu , Bin Kong , Qian Tan
{"title":"Chronic wounds: pathological characteristics and their stem cell-based therapies","authors":"Xiangyi Wu , Haofang Zhu , Ye Xu , Bin Kong , Qian Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic wounds are characterized by prolonged healing processes and poor prognoses, which have substantially impacted human health and daily life. Traditional treatment strategies have various limitations and drawbacks. Therefore, fully effective therapeutic approaches remain urgently needed. Stem cell (SC)-based therapies have drawn significant attention for their abilities of immunomodulation and pro-regeneration. It has been demonstrated that stem cells (SCs) can improve angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and hair rejuvenation, thus facilitating wound healing. In addition, attempts were performed to facilitate the cell survival, function, retention, and engraftment of the delivered SCs. In this review, we first introduce the pathological process involved in chronic wound healing. Following that, the mechanism of SCs in promoting chronic wound repair is discussed in detail. Then, we highlight recent SC-based therapies for chronic wound repair developments. Finally, we present our views on the remaining challenges and future trends of SC-based therapies for chronic wound treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 81-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42227144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Derek Ka-Hei Lai , Li-Wen Zha , Tommy Yau-Nam Leung , Andy Yiu-Chau Tam , Bryan Pak-Hei So , Hyo-Jung Lim , Daphne Sze Ki Cheung , Duo Wai-Chi Wong , James Chung-Wai Cheung
{"title":"Dual ultra-wideband (UWB) radar-based sleep posture recognition system: Towards ubiquitous sleep monitoring","authors":"Derek Ka-Hei Lai , Li-Wen Zha , Tommy Yau-Nam Leung , Andy Yiu-Chau Tam , Bryan Pak-Hei So , Hyo-Jung Lim , Daphne Sze Ki Cheung , Duo Wai-Chi Wong , James Chung-Wai Cheung","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sleep posture monitoring is an essential assessment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning-based sleep posture recognition system using a dual ultra-wideband radar system. We collected radiofrequency data from two radars positioned over and at the side of the bed for 16 patients performing four sleep postures (supine, left and right lateral, and prone). We proposed and evaluated deep learning approaches that streamlined feature extraction and classification, and the traditional machine learning approaches that involved different combinations of feature extractors and classifiers. Our results showed that the dual radar system performed better than either single radar. Predetermined statistical features with random forest classifier yielded the best accuracy (0.887), which could be further improved via an ablation study (0.938). Deep learning approach using transformer yielded accuracy of 0.713.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43811980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibo Yang , Yanhuan Huang , Zengyong Li , Xiaoling Hu
{"title":"Management of post-stroke depression (PSD) by electroencephalography for effective rehabilitation","authors":"Bibo Yang , Yanhuan Huang , Zengyong Li , Xiaoling Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engreg.2022.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Post-stroke depression (PSD) has negative impacts on the daily life of stroke survivors and delays their neurological recovery. However, traditional post-stroke rehabilitation mainly focused on motor restoration, whereas little attention was given to the affective deficits. Effective management of PSD, including diagnosis, intervention, and follow-ups, is essential for post-stroke rehabilitation. As an objective measurement of the nervous system, electroencephalography (EEG) has been applied to the diagnosis and evaluation of PSD. In this paper, we reviewed the literature most related to the clinical applications of EEG for PSD and offered a cross-section that is useful for selecting appropriate approaches in practice. This study aimed to gather EEG-based empirical evidence for PSD diagnosis, review interventions for managing PSD, and analyze the evaluation approaches. In total, 33 diagnostic studies and 19 intervention studies related to PSD and depression were selected from the literature. It was found that the EEG features analyzed by both band-based and nonlinear dynamic approaches were capable of quantifying the abnormal neural responses on the cortical level for PSD diagnosis and intervention evaluation/prediction. Meanwhile, EEG-based machine learning has also been applied to the diagnosis and evaluation of depression to automate and speed up the process, and the results have been promising. Although brain-computer interface (BCI) interventions have been widely applied to post-stroke motor rehabilitation and cognitive training, BCI emotional training has not been directly used in PSD yet. This review showed the need for understanding the cortical responses of PSD to improve its diagnosis and precision treatment. It also revealed that future post-stroke rehabilitation plans should include training sessions for motor, affect, and cognitive functions and closely monitor their improvements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72919,"journal":{"name":"Engineered regeneration","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44047756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}