Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)最新文献

{"title":"Pulmonary cystic echinococcosis over 20 years in a single centre: Differences with hepatic cystic echinococcosis","authors":"Inmaculada Izquierdo Pérez,&nbsp;Montserrat Alonso-Sardón,&nbsp;Blanca Penélope Tomé Romero,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Gomez-Hernandez,&nbsp;Angela Romero Alegria,&nbsp;Beatriz Rodríguez Alonso,&nbsp;Francisco Blanco Antona,&nbsp;Josué Pendones Ulerio,&nbsp;Marcelo Fernando Jiménez López,&nbsp;Javier Pardo Lledías,&nbsp;Moncef Belhassen-García","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Pulmonary cystic echinococcosis, caused by <em>Echinococcus</em> spp., is a zoonotic parasitic disease characterized by hydatid cysts in the lungs. Because of pulmonary tissue elasticity, cysts may enlarge considerably before symptoms appear, often resulting in incidental diagnosis. Compared with hepatic cystic echinococcosis, pulmonary cystic echinococcosis poses distinct diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study analyzes a 27-year cohort to describe clinical features, management, and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a retrospective observational study of cases diagnosed between January 1998 and December 2024 at the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, identified through ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Of 709 confirmed cystic echinococcosis cases, 80 (11.3%) were pulmonary cystic echinococcosis. Patients were mainly middle-aged men from rural areas. Isolated pulmonary involvement was frequent, and nearly half developed mechanical complications such as rupture or compression. Serology was positive in most patients, while eosinophilia was uncommon.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Treatment strategies included surgery alone, surgery plus albendazole, exclusive medical therapy, or watchful waiting; PAIR was rarely used. Postoperative morbidity was low. Seven patients died during follow-up, three from echinococcosis-related causes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Compared with hepatic disease, pulmonary cystic echinococcosis affected younger individuals, was more often symptomatic, had higher complication rates and greater serological positivity, but lower disease-specific mortality. These findings support early diagnosis, active treatment, structured follow-up, and targeted public health interventions in high-risk populations. Larger prospective studies are needed to optimize management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic concepts in antibiotic therapy for clinicians","authors":"Alejandro Díez-Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic efficacy depends on attaining adequate drug exposure at the site of infection while minimizing toxicity and resistance selection. This clinician-oriented review integrates pharmacokinetic determinants of exposure with pharmacodynamic drivers of bacterial killing. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of unbound concentrations, tissue distribution, and the limitations of MIC-based targets when interpreted without appropriate biological and microbiological context. Determinants of antibiotic performance are examined from an integrated perspective, considering drug-related properties, microorganism characteristics, host factors, and features intrinsic to the infectious process. Practical implications for regimen design are addressed, including loading doses, dose intensity, and infusion strategies aimed at optimizing exposure profiles. Mechanisms connecting suboptimal exposure with resistance amplification are discussed, with particular attention to selective pressure and the mutant selection window. Therapeutic drug monitoring and model-informed dose adjustment are presented as complementary tools to support more precise and rational antibiotic dosing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149096832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes zoster recurrence in primary care: Unmeasured residual confounding, the recombinant vaccine era, and external validity for Latin America","authors":"Juan Sebastián Therán-León,&nbsp;María Camila Hernández-Cañas,&nbsp;Bárbara Yuliana Quintero-Arévalo","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148586097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convalescent plasma in the pre-vaccine era—Lessons from PC-COVID and COV-PLAS","authors":"Francisco Jover Díaz,&nbsp;Pedro Jesús Esteve Atiénzar,&nbsp;Inmaculada González Cuello,&nbsp;Elisabet Delgado Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two parasites, one host. Overlapping infections in a woman with HIV","authors":"María del Mar Arcos Rueda,&nbsp;Alejandro De Gea Grela,&nbsp;Eva Paola Sánchez Lopez,&nbsp;Laura Guerra Pastrian","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The locksmith who could no longer work","authors":"Maria Ana Quadros Flores,&nbsp;Inês Tribolet de Abreu,&nbsp;António Moreno Marques,&nbsp;Hugo Mineiro Félix","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of risk factors and development of a predictive clinical score for TB contact tracing in Angola","authors":"Joan Martínez-Campreciós,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Aznar,&nbsp;Juan Espinosa-Pereiro,&nbsp;Sandra Aixut,&nbsp;Arlete Nindia,&nbsp;Adriano Zakarias,&nbsp;Iñigo González-Farías,&nbsp;Patricia Comella,&nbsp;Nicolau Sicaleta,&nbsp;Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá,&nbsp;Israel Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Contact tracing for tuberculosis (TB) is an essential component of public health efforts to detect secondary cases and interrupt transmission chains. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with TB diagnosis and to develop a predictive clinical score for TB diagnosis among contacts of people with TB attending the outpatient clinic at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz (HNSP) in Cubal, Angola.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prospective observational study including TB contacts of all ages. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including multivariable logistic regression with multiple imputation for missing data. The performance of the proposed clinical score was assessed through ROC analysis, calibration, bootstrap internal validation, and comparison with the WHO symptom-based screening approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two-hundred and eighty-five TB contacts were included. Fifty (17.5%) contacts were diagnosed with TB, 40 (80%) of whom were children ≤15 years old. Multivariate analysis identified cough, fever, undernutrition, and peripheral lymphadenopathy as independent risk factors for TB diagnosis. These variables were incorporated into a predictive clinical score ranging from 0 to 17 points. Using a cut-off of ≥6 points, the score showed a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 75%, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85–0.94).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight the high burden of TB among close contacts and the challenges in properly assessing them. An easy-to-use clinical score may support frontline health workers in improving TB contact tracing in settings with high burden of disease and limited resources, such as Angola.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of cardiovascular risk scores in people living with HIV in Colombia","authors":"Andres Felipe Salazar-Urbano,&nbsp;Pablo Andres Lopez-Bernal,&nbsp;Mariana Sánchez-Martínez,&nbsp;Jesika Lorena Cruz-Muñoz,&nbsp;Karol Daniela Mosquera-Niño,&nbsp;Luis Gabriel Reyes-Hernández,&nbsp;Otto Alberto Sussmann-Peña","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>People living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared with the general population. The usefulness of traditional cardiovascular risk scores in this population has not been fully established in Colombia.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate and compare the predictive performance of different cardiovascular risk scores for the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in a cohort of people living with HIV.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 911 PLWH attended at a specialized institution in Bogotá between 2003 and 2014, with a ten-year follow-up. Cardiovascular risk scores were calculated using the Framingham, Framingham ATP III, Framingham adjusted for Colombia, PROCAM, DAD, and ASCVD models. Discriminative performance was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A low incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (3.4%) was observed. All risk scores demonstrated apparently adequate discriminative capacity, with the ASCVD score showing the best performance (AUC 0.927; 95% CI: 0.87–0.98). A high correlation was observed among all evaluated risk scores (0.9).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>All evaluated risk scores showed apparently adequate discriminative and calibration capacity in this cohort of Colombian PLWH, with the ASCVD score showing the highest AUC. However, the low number of events, the retrospective design, and the absence of external validation limit the strength of these findings, which should be considered preliminary evidence pending confirmation through prospective, multicenter studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious aortitis due to Salmonella enteritidis: An uncommon etiology to consider","authors":"Myrian González Álvarez,&nbsp;Ana Latorre Díez,&nbsp;Carlos Torres Marín","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503244","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148586046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Travel-associated bacteremia caused by non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae","authors":"Elena Martín-Cleto,&nbsp;Eduardo Rubio-Mora,&nbsp;Guillermo Ruiz-Carrascoso,&nbsp;Emilio Cendejas-Bueno","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"44 8","pages":"Article 503247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}