Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)最新文献

{"title":"Effects of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA) on the prognosis of severe COVID-19: Clinical characteristics and risk factors in a second-level hospital from Southern Spain","authors":"Javier Martínez de Victoria Carazo ,&nbsp;Daniel Fernández Reyes ,&nbsp;Adolfo de Salazar González ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Montero Alonso ,&nbsp;Purificación Fernández Morales ,&nbsp;Federico García García ,&nbsp;Fernando García García ,&nbsp;Eugenia Yuste Ossorio ,&nbsp;José Hernández Quero ,&nbsp;Emilio Guirao Arrabal","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 infection patients face infectious complications, including fungal infections. COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA) is linked to SARS-CoV-2 damage, corticosteroids, and pulmonary diseases. Diagnostic uncertainties persist, and this study aims to contribute evidence on CAPA risk factors, diagnostics, and prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective case–control study focused on critically ill COVID-19 patients with CAPA between March 2020 and December 2022 in a second-level hospital. Variables included demographic and medical history, infection course, treatments, complications, and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>27 CAPA cases and 56 controls were collected. CAPA prevalence was 5.1% considering adapted criteria. CAPA cases were associated with cardiovascular risk factors, autoimmune diseases, chronic corticosteroid therapy, and other immunosuppressants, RRT, ECMO, cumulative corticosteroid dose, direct ICU admission, and invasive mechanical ventilation. They exhibited higher RALE and APACHE-II scores, direct ICU admission, and more invasive ventilatory support. CAPA patients had a higher risk of mortality at 120 days. The CAPA score demonstrated sensitivity and specificity in predicting CAPA risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a high mortality rate at 120 days among cases (67%). Classical risk factors and other new ones, such as the use of ECMO, autoimmune diseases, or direct admission to the ICU, have been postulated. The accumulated dose of steroids (&gt;800<!--> <!-->mg of metilprednisolone) is one of the key risk factors in the development of CAPA. The CAPA score is a useful tool to define which patients should be monitored closely, although more studies are still needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 464-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare cause of pericardial effusion","authors":"Juan Gabriel Sánchez-Cano ,&nbsp;Victoria Espejo-Bares ,&nbsp;Laura Muñoz-Echeverría ,&nbsp;Leonor Moreno-Núñez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 527-528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for infection prevention in arthroplasties: Impact of the PREVINQ-CAT protocol","authors":"Raquel Maroto-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Aina Ruiz Puig ,&nbsp;Pilar Barrufet Barqué ,&nbsp;Jorge Payo Rodríguez ,&nbsp;José Cordero-Ampuero","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Surgical site infection<span> (SSI) in arthroplasty is a common issue that increases morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs. This study evaluated the impact of the PREVINQ-CAT protocol on reducing SSI rates at Hospital de Mataró.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SSI data for total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA) were collected from 2019 to 2023. The adherence and effectiveness of PREVINQ-CAT measures, implemented since 2022, were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included an annual sample of approximately 300 elective and urgent THA surgeries and 270 elective TKA surgeries. SSI incidence in THA peaked in 2021 (&gt;4%) and decreased to 1.5% in 2023 following PREVINQ-CAT implementation, though without statistical significance (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.47). In TKA, SSI remained stable at around 0.5%, with no significant differences between the 2019–2021 and 2022–2023 periods (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.907). Adherence to appropriate antibiotic therapy increased from 70% to 90% in 2023 (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.58). In 2022, only 0.3% of cases did not implement any measure, whereas in 2023, all interventions adhered to at least one, with two preventive measures being the most frequently applied (77.2% in 2022 and 78% in 2023).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The PREVINQ-CAT protocol contributed to reducing SSI in THA and maintaining low rates in TKA. Although the differences were not statistically significant, the high adherence to preventive measures highlights the importance of specific protocols in orthopaedic surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 483-488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIPrEP: A tool to monitor HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Spain","authors":"Carlos Iniesta ,&nbsp;Victoria Hernando ,&nbsp;Inma Jarrín ,&nbsp;Santiago Pérez de la Cámara ,&nbsp;Javier De la Torre-Lima ,&nbsp;Vicent Villanueva ,&nbsp;Mª Isabel Mayorga ,&nbsp;Josefina Belda ,&nbsp;Maribel Soteras ,&nbsp;Álvaro Torres Lana ,&nbsp;Aitziber Echeverria ,&nbsp;Olga Monteagudo-Piqueras ,&nbsp;Henar Marcos ,&nbsp;Wafa Ben Cheikh ,&nbsp;Julián-Alexander Portocarrero-Núñez ,&nbsp;Débora Álvarez-del Arco ,&nbsp;Asunción Diaz ,&nbsp;Julia del Amo ,&nbsp;SIPrEP","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been available in Spain since November 2019 and implemented nationally in 2021. Monitoring the implementation process is essential to optimize the strategy. This manuscript describes the Spanish PrEP Programme Information System (SIPrEP), its methodology, and characteristics of PrEP users from November 2019 to May 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nationwide open cohort that collects data on persons ≥16 years who were prescribed PrEP in Spain. The study included participants with public program PrEP prescriptions since November 1, 2019. The project was piloted and fully implemented in July 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>By May 2024, 28,798 people received public program PrEP in Spain, and 4159 users were included in SIPrEP. Most were men (99%, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4117), primarily gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) (97%, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4005), with a median age of 36 years (IQR: 30–43). Most were born in Spain (74%, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3075), and 36% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1503) had university education. Referrals came from STI centers (19%, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->805) and primary care (20%, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->820). At entry, 8% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->348) had syphilis, 7% chlamydia (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->270) and 7% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->300) had gonococcal infection. Among users, 15% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->642) discontinued PrEP, and 34% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->216) of them restarted later. There were four HIV seroconversions (incidence 0.12/100 person-years [95% CI: 0.05–0.33]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SIPrEP provides valuable real-world data for optimizing interventions but requires improved national coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 515-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of previously undiagnosed or lost to follow-up hepatitis C infections by implementing an opportunistic screening in an emergency department","authors":"Ferran Llopis-Roca ,&nbsp;Ana Suárez-Lledó ,&nbsp;Alexis Rebollo-Curbelo ,&nbsp;Laura Calatayud-Samper ,&nbsp;María Jesús Urdániz-Fraguas ,&nbsp;Francisca Márquez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;José Castellote-Alonso ,&nbsp;Alba Carrodeguas ,&nbsp;José Luis González-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Pierre Malchair","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an opportunistic hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening program in identifying new cases and ensuring their follow-up (linkage to care) in our health area.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective study from June 2023 to May 2024 in an emergency department (ED) of Catalonia (Spain), screening patients aged 30–70 years who had blood samples collected as part of routine clinical practice. Patients with positive anti-HCV antibodies were confirmed with HCV RNA testing, and those with active infection were referred to the gastroenterology department for care.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 15,245 eligible patients, 5184 were screened for HCV, marking a 192% increase compared to the previous year. Of total serologies, 3973 were requested in patients aged between 30–70 years and the rest by routine clinical practice. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected in 120 patients (3.02%), and 13 (0.33%) had active HCV infection. The mean age of viremic patients was 49.62 years and 76.92% were male. Identified risk factors included drug use (63.64%) and being from countries with high HCV prevalence (18.18%). Advanced liver fibrosis was found in 25% of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Opportunistic screening in the ED significantly increased HCV testing and identified a higher prevalence of active infection compared to the general population. These findings support expanding screening guidelines to reach broader populations, improving early diagnosis and linkage to care for HCV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 504-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stories of the skin: Dermatological manifestations following a trip to Colombia","authors":"María Ezquerra Marigómez ,&nbsp;María José Cárdenas-Isasi ,&nbsp;Marta Rosas Cancio-Suárez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 529-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group B streptococci and beta-lactam antibiotics a paradigm shift","authors":"Manuel Rosa-Fraile ,&nbsp;Juan-Ignacio Alós","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 534-535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hairy cell leukemia, Legionella and ibrutinib: Old friends and a new foe","authors":"Daniel N. Marco ,&nbsp;Julie Castiaux ,&nbsp;Sara Fernández ,&nbsp;Eric Mariotte","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 537-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to ‘Quinolone resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium infection: A call for caution’","authors":"Antonio Moreno-Flores ,&nbsp;María Domínguez-Landesa ,&nbsp;Laura Sante-Fernández ,&nbsp;María José Gude-González","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 542-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-life experience with use of cefiderocol in non-critically ill patients in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Sara Rodriguez-Tierno ,&nbsp;Javier Sáez de la Fuente ,&nbsp;Luis Fuertes Pina ,&nbsp;Rosa Escudero-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Patricia Ruiz-Garbajosa ,&nbsp;Paula Guijarro Martínez ,&nbsp;Francesca Gioia ,&nbsp;María del Rosario Pintor Recuenco ,&nbsp;Ana Álvarez-Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Clinical experience with cefiderocol is limited to a few patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. Moreover, the data has been collected primarily in critically ill patients. Thus, there is a need to increase the information regarding the use of cefiderocol in clinical practice in more types of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cefiderocol in clinical practice in non-critical patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study including all adult patients treated with cefiderocol between January 2020 and March 2023 in a tertiary hospital. Patients with a prescription at an intensive care unit were excluded. Effectiveness was measured in terms of clinical and microbiological cure seven days after the end of treatment. To assess safety, adverse effects potentially associated with cefiderocol were collected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 17 patients (80% men) with a median age of 57 (IQR 53–64) years were included. The predominant focus of infection was urinary (47%). The main causal microorganism of the infection was <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (59%). Eleven isolates (65%) were carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacilli (GNB); the rest (35%) was classified as extensively-drug resistant GNB (XDR-GNB) with other resistance mechanisms. The isolated carbapenemases were one GES, one KPC, eight metallobetalactamases (seven VIM type and one NDM), and one carbapenemase without type identification. Treatment with cefiderocol was completed in all the patients. Fifteen (88%) patients were clinically cured. Regarding microbiological cure, 12 (70%) had negative cultures. No patient presented adverse effects potentially associated with cefiderocol.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cefiderocol achieves clinical and microbiological improvement in non-critical patients with infections with limited therapeutic options while maintaining a good safety profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"43 8","pages":"Pages 510-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}