Energy and climate change最新文献

{"title":"The effects of public deliberation on attitude change toward net-zero pathway: Generational differences in Taiwan","authors":"Mei-Fang Fan ,&nbsp;Alice Siu","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deliberative democracy researchers argue that democratic deliberation is the key to addressing problems posed by polarisation and post-truth politics. Decarbonisation toward net zero has become a key topic of public deliberation worldwide in the face of our climate emergency. This article explores generational differences in the effects of deliberation on changes in attitudes toward policies. The empirical analysis conducted in the present study was based on a nationwide online deliberation polling experiment in which a random sample of 91 citizens was gathered in July 2022 to deliberate on Taiwan's pathway to net-zero emissions with consideration of social divisions and barriers to the implementation of long-term energy policies. The findings revealed that deliberation resulted in significant increases in the feasibility of the 2050 Net-Zero Pathway and the support of citizens for several policy proposals, such as the target of 60–70 % renewable energy in the energy mix. The effects of deliberation on changes in attitudes toward certain policy proposals between two generations (aged &lt;40 years and &gt;41 years) varied significantly. The results showed five ways of generational policy attitude change. These findings suggest that public deliberation promotes knowledge expansion, collective learning, and reflection on Taiwan's Net-Zero Pathway plan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US economy-wide decarbonization: Sectoral and distributional impacts","authors":"Jonathon Becker ,&nbsp;Maxwell Brown ,&nbsp;Morgan Browning ,&nbsp;Yongxia Cai ,&nbsp;Daden Goldfinger ,&nbsp;James McFarland ,&nbsp;Sergey Paltsev ,&nbsp;Shane Weisberg ,&nbsp;Mei Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the sectoral and distributional welfare impacts of reaching net-zero CO₂ emissions in the US by 2050. We simulate several net-zero projections using a CGE model linked with an electricity capacity expansion model to try to understand what a transition to net-zero might look like and the role played by different policies and technologies. Reaching net-zero leads to high carbon prices in 2045 and 2050, which drives deployment of direct air capture (DAC) technology. The electricity sector reaches negative emissions by 2050. Electrification is the predominant means for decarbonizing the buildings and transportation sectors, whereas industrial sectors are assumed to have limited electrification potential and prefer carbon management. The negative emissions in the power sector are primarily achieved through biomass-fired electricity generation with carbon capture and storage. In our scenarios, decarbonization is progressive (i.e., burden increases with income) due to our modeling assumption of lump-sum recycling of carbon permit revenues. In 2050, we find a break in the progressive trend when capital-intensive DAC technology enters, as permit revenue distributions that benefit the lowest income groups are directly substituted for returns to capital from DAC deployment that benefit the highest income groups. Our other non-CCS and non-DAC technology improvement cases in the buildings, transportation, and industrial sectors led to a more evenly distributed benefit across households as these mitigation channels are less capital intensive. When the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) is included, the net-zero emissions limit does not bind as early, the need for DAC is reduced, and industrial CCS investment occurs earlier and in greater amounts. These effects highlight the importance of considering interactions between technologies, policies, and fiscal decisions when prescribing net-zero pathways around a distributional goal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust in scientists, researchers, and environmental organizations associated with policy support for energy transition","authors":"Runa R. Das ,&nbsp;Reuven Sussman ,&nbsp;Richard Carlson","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy transition, shifting away from fossil fuel use, is fundamental to addressing climate change. To explore public support for energy transition policies, we surveyed a representative sample of residents in Canada's largest province, Ontario, (<em>N</em> = 1620), and conducted regression analyses to examine how support varies with trust in the actors communicating these policies. Ontarians prefer ‘carrot’ policies—those offering direct benefits to households—over ‘stick’ policies. The most supported policies include the development of renewable natural gas, interest-free energy efficiency loan programs, and funding for low-income energy efficiency programs, while the least supported policies are a carbon tax, continued oil sands development, and the electrification of heating.</div><div>Ontarians have low to moderate levels of trust in governments at all levels, utilities, media, oil and gas companies, and to some extent in renewable energy companies. However they demonstrate consistently high trust in scientists, researchers, and non-profit organizations. Public support for policies in Ontario is influenced by trust in stakeholders and policymakers, with the relationship varying across different policies. We find Ontarians’ trust in scientists, researchers, and non-profit organizations is positively associated with supporting ‘emerging’ energy transition policies, such as the development of renewable natural gas and hydrogen.</div><div>Our findings suggest that policymakers seeking to advance energy transition policies can strengthen both effectiveness and public acceptance by engaging with trusted actors, such as scientists and non-profits, and leveraging their credibility. Furthermore, adopting inclusive and participatory planning processes that reflect public values and address equity concerns is crucial to fostering long-term trust and policy stability amidst the challenges of the energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China's provincial renewable energy electricity consumption allocations for 2030: A study using the zero-sum gains data envelope analysis model","authors":"Lingling Mu,&nbsp;Jianping Wang,&nbsp;Yidan Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring grid stability and meeting emissions reduction goals hinge on the effective allocation of renewable energy electricity consumption. Guided by principles of fairness, efficiency, feasibility, and sustainability, this study crafted a holistic indicator system and employed the Zero-Sum Gains Data Envelope Analysis (ZSG-DEA) model to analyze China's provincial renewable electricity consumption allocations for 2030. The findings indicate that the initial renewable electricity allocation efficiency is already optimal in nine provinces, but falls below 0.5 in Shanxi, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolia. However, after three iterations of the ZSG-DEA model, all regions attain optimal efficiency. Eastern coastal regions lead in renewable electricity consumption, exceeding 100 billion kWh, while certain provinces consume less than 70 billion kWh of non-hydroelectricity due to area size. Compared to the initial allocation, there is an observed increase in consumption of non-hydroelectricity in the eastern coastal regions. Conversely, iterative adjustments have led to a notable decrease of up to 40 % in the non-hydroelectricity allocated to regions with favorable wind and solar power generation conditions. It is recommended that regions with rapid economic growth and high electricity demand in China's east should be given priority for renewable electricity allocation. Additionally, it is suggested to improve the excess consumption trading market and the green certificate trading market to provide supplementary means to achieve renewable electricity consumption targets and optimize renewable electricity allocation efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar assisted generation of plasmonic silver photocatalyst for wastewater remediation and green hydrogen production","authors":"Preeti Kumari,&nbsp;Aditya Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aims to develop sustainable technologies to address the imperative problems of water pollution and energy crisis. This research involves the solar-driven synthesis of a plasmonic silver photocatalyst with properties that aid in environmental and energy applications. The structural, optical, and catalytic properties of the developed photocatalyst are investigated using several analytical techniques, including XRD, XPS, UV-Vis, FESEM, HRTEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The developed photocatalyst is capable of degradation of organic pollutants present in wastewater. The photodegradation capability of photocatalyst is assessed through a comprehensive study of the reaction kinetics involved and the determination of quantum efficiency. Moreover, the photocatalyst also contributes to transition to a green economy via hydrogen production through water splitting. Although the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of the silver photocatalyst is not appreciable but it paves out way for the development of an efficient photocatalyst by doping or using it as a co-catalyst with semiconductor materials. Thus, the entire study contributes significantly to the development of a clean and sustainable future and takes a step towards the transformation to a renewable energy-based economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green hydrogen production via a photocatalyst-enabled optical fiber system: A promising route to net-zero emissions","authors":"Han Fu ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Pan ,&nbsp;Yen-Jung Sean Lai ,&nbsp;Jirapat Ananpattarachai ,&nbsp;Michael Serpa ,&nbsp;Nora Shapiro ,&nbsp;Zhe Zhao ,&nbsp;Paul Westerhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving zero emissions is a critical goal in combating climate change. Hydrogen is a versatile energy carrier contributing to this objective. Green hydrogen production via photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is promising due to its potential to utilize renewable energy (direct solar, photovoltaics, wind, hydropower). However, current PC and PEC water splitting systems face challenges such as low light utilization efficiency and high operational costs related to both catalyst selection and reactor designs. This study presents a novel photocatalytic hydrogen production system, POF-STO, by attaching a modified strontium titanate (STO) onto thin polymer optical fibers (POF). Light launched from 365 nm LED into the POF lumen is side-emitted and excites STO in a porous layer on the POF surface. This PC system improves upon our previous PEC-POF-ITO/g-C₃N₄ system, which required dual nanoparticles of indium tin oxide (ITO) to make the POF optoelectrodes conductive plus graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) photocatalysts. Our innovative inside-out light delivery mechanism with the POF ensures efficient photon confinement and energy transfer to the STO surface, maximizing light utilization. The chemically stable STO with up to 7-fold H₂ production rates than the PEC-POF-ITO/g-C₃N₄ system was observed. Our POF-STO system produced stable H₂ production rates in both acidic and alkaline environments, with &lt;10 % reduction in hydrogen generation when using tap water and seawater. Eliminating complex electrical setups, potentiostats, electrodes, and aqueous electrolytes significantly reduces system costs. Using bundles with multiple POF-STOs and utilizing heat from LEDs allowed operation at higher water temperatures, further increasing H₂ production efficiency. Compared with other reactor designs, the POF-STO emerges as an innovative approach with potential to achieve ambitious global net-zero emission goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stranded assets and compensation in oil and gas upstream projects: Conceptual and practical issues","authors":"Julia Paletta,&nbsp;Bruno SL Cunha,&nbsp;Rebecca Draeger,&nbsp;Roberto Schaeffer,&nbsp;Alexandre Szklo","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the strict remaining carbon budgets, the need to raise the ambition to phase out oil and gas (O&amp;G) production can lead to the cessation of exploration and production (E&amp;P) projects that might become stranded. This study discusses the definition of stranded assets and its misleading interpretations regarding asset compensation. The compensation here pertains to a situation in which O&amp;G upstream activities (exploration, development, or extraction) are stopped without pre-existing provisions for that in contracts. Speculatively speaking, this halt could be justified by the imperative to decarbonize the economy. Compensation methodologies based on valuation approaches and applied to owners of E&amp;P rights are discussed. Findings show that resources and reserves cannot be mandatorily considered assets, as per the accounting definition. Hence, naming them stranded assets could pose a “bias threat” in the selection of a valuation model in the event of compensation. There is a wide gap difference between discounted cash flow (DCF) and asset-based valuation models to compensate for O&amp;G phase-out. The DCF approach leads to values of such magnitude that could challenge State's capacity to promote environmental regulatory changes while asset-based compensation amounts are straighter forward and make O&amp;G phase-out more feasible especially if cancelled at early or later stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143207499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welfare and inequality impacts of carbon pricing and compensation schemes on fuel poor households in Styria, Austria","authors":"Veronika Kulmer ,&nbsp;Dominik Kortschak ,&nbsp;Judith Köberl ,&nbsp;Sebastian Seebauer","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon pricing is a core pillar in the policy mix required for the transition to carbon neutrality. Carbon pricing raises energy prices and related service costs, but distributes the burden unequally among the population, which though can be mitigated by accompanying compensation schemes. For the example of the Austrian Province of Styria, we analyze the impacts of national carbon pricing for heating and motor fuels. Using the Exact Affine Stone Index (EASI) demand system and applying different definitions of fuel poverty, we compare how five compensation schemes mitigate impacts on fuel poor households. Uncompensated carbon pricing has nearly twice the negative welfare impacts on fuel poor households than on the average Styrian household, in particular if they live in rural regions and if the fuel poverty definition includes transport expenditures. All analyzed compensation schemes achieve similar carbon emission reductions as uncompensated carbon pricing, but additionally reduce inequality and increase overall welfare. In particular, they increase welfare among poor households and dampen the negative welfare impacts of uncompensated carbon pricing on the wealthiest. Accounting for low income in fuel poverty definitions and compensation schemes yields the highest welfare benefits. Price changes in motor fuels are the dominant impact channel, emphasizing the importance of considering transport in the debate on vulnerability to carbon pricing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of electrochemical and photocatalytic technologies for the water-energy nexus potential of water splitting of brines","authors":"Andrea N. Arias-Sanchez,&nbsp;Kenneth Flores,&nbsp;Han Fu,&nbsp;Thais Betoni,&nbsp;Paul Westerhoff,&nbsp;Sergi Garcia-Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The economic, environmental, technological and social development of society are linked with two crucial resources: energy and water. The increasing energy costs and the scarcity of fresh water have caused concern across the globe due to limited access to these resources. Consequently, academia and industry are combining efforts to enhance technological processes, optimize resources, and valorize waste management by improving the water-energy nexus. In this context, brine waters from ocean, brackish groundwater and industrial desalination have been identified as potential waste from which value-added products can be sourced. In this perspective paper, firstly, an overview of the main current treatment methods for brines and their chemical composition is presented. Most processes solely focus on the recovery of water, being over 70 %, with energy consumption from 2 to 100 kWh/m³. The high variability is based upon disposal costs of concentrated brines – with the highest associated with zero liquid discharge (ZLD) plus salt disposal. The salinity, concentration of ions, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of brines differ depending on their respective sources. Second, the water-energy potential nexus of the water splitting of brines was contextualized. The perspective proposed herein is based on the integration of the production of H₂ through water splitting using renewable energy and the subsequent H₂ oxidation in a fuel cell to produce energy (recirculated within the process) and water (for drinking or industrial use). Finally, the prospects of electrochemical and photocatalytic technologies for water splitting of brines are outlined. Reactor designs and the influence of brine composition are considered the main aspects to be compared, identifying important advantages and challenges for a sustainable water-energy nexus in the treatment of brines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroeconomic effects of achieving Carbon Neutrality in France","authors":"Gaël Callonnec ,&nbsp;Hervé Gouëdard ,&nbsp;Meriem Hamdi-Cherif ,&nbsp;Gissela Landa ,&nbsp;Paul Malliet ,&nbsp;Frédéric Reynès ,&nbsp;Aurélien Saussay","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In alignment with the Paris Agreement's objectives and the global commitment to limit global warming to +2 °C, France is committed to achieving Carbon Neutrality by 2050. To pave the way towards this ambitious goal, France has drawn up a roadmap known as the National Low-Carbon Strategy (NLCS). This paper aims to assess the macroeconomic impacts of the NLCS scenario. We use a Computable General Equilibrium model to assess the economic impacts of an energy transition scenario aiming for Carbon Neutrality in France by 2050. Our simulations show that climate change policies to reach carbon neutrality, including carbon taxation with full redistribution, could lead to an economic dividend. We find an increase in investments and jobs creations in green industries that are much higher than job destruction in fossil fuel intensive industries and energy sectors. Despite higher prices, demand increases, and GDP is higher than in the reference scenario. Ultimately, the energy transition induces a 3.4 % increase in GDP and a 2.8 % increase in employment compared to the baseline scenario in 2050.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}