Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)最新文献

{"title":"Improving performance robustness of subject-based brain segmentation software.","authors":"Jong-Hyeok Park,&nbsp;Kyung-Il Park,&nbsp;Dongmin Kim,&nbsp;Myungjae Lee,&nbsp;Shinuk Kang,&nbsp;Seung Joo Kang,&nbsp;Dae Hyun Yoon","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI)-based image analysis tools to quantify the brain have become commercialized. However, insufficient data for learning and scanner specificity is a limitation for achieving high quality. In the present study, the performance of personalized brain segmentation software when applied to multicenter data using an AI model trained on data from a single institution was improved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preindicators of brain white matter (WM) information from the training dataset were utilized for preprocessing. During learning, data of cognitively normal (CN) individuals from a single center were utilized, and data of CN individuals and Alzheimer disease (AD) patients enrolled in multiple centers were considered the test set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The preprocessing based on the preindicator (dice similarity coefficient [DSC], 0.8567) resulted in a better performance than without (DSC, 0.7921). The standard deviation (SD) of the WM region intensity (DSC, 0.8303) had a more substantial influence on the performance than the average intensity (DSC, 0.6591). When the SD of the test data WM intensity was smaller than the learning data, the performance improved (0.03 increase in lower SD, 0.05 decrease in higher SD). Furthermore, preindicator-based pretreatment increased the correlation of mean cortical thickness of the entire gray matter between Atroscan and FreeSurfer, and data augmentation without preprocessing did not.Both preindicator processing and data augmentation improved the correlation coefficient from 0.7584 to 0.8165.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data augmentation and preindicator-based preprocessing of training data can improve the performance of AI-based brain segmentation software, both increasing the generalizability and stability of brain segmentation software.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"3 1","pages":"24-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/6e/encephalitis-2022-00108.PMC10295817.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10221443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune limbic encephalitis combined with leptomeningeal metastases of non-small cell lung cancer: treatment response to osimertinib, immunoglobulin, rituximab, and tocilizumab.","authors":"Seolah Lee,&nbsp;Seon-Jae Ahn,&nbsp;Han Sang Lee,&nbsp;Kon Chu","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When a patient with encephalopathy has an organic brain lesion, his symptom is easily and often mistakenly attributed to that brain lesion. However, a combination of different conditions is also possible. We present a case of autoimmune limbic encephalitis combined with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. A 57-year-old female patient was transferred to our institute with a 1-month history of seizure and aggressive behavior. Subacute onset of psychosis with multifocal T2 high signal lesions suggested autoimmune encephalitis, and high-dose steroid pulse and immunoglobulin therapy were started. However, a cerebrospinal fluid study revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma of non-small cell lung cancer, of which she was in complete remission state. Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was started targeting leptomeningeal metastases while maintaining immunotherapy of rituximab and tocilizumab. Her neurological symptoms showed improvement in response to immunotherapy which lasted approximately 1 month and then deteriorated again. We concluded that her symptoms were more attributable to autoimmune encephalitis than leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, and discontinued osimertinib.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"3 1","pages":"34-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1b/00/encephalitis-2022-00122.PMC10295819.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-epidemiological risk factors for Japanese encephalitis in the endemic region of North East India: a hospital-based case-control study.","authors":"Bishnu Ram Das,&nbsp;Gitali Kakoti,&nbsp;Mandira Chetri,&nbsp;Pranabjit Biswanath","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Japanese encephalitis (JE) has emerged as a major public health concern in North East India due to its complex eco-epidemiological risk factors. The objective of this study was to understand the various risk factors associated with JE infection in the endemic study location.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at Jorhat Medical College and Hospital from August 2017 to September 2018. The study participants included 49 confirmed JE cases with two control arms, one consisting of non-JE acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) patients (n = 91) and the other of non-JE non-AES patients (n = 140), admitted at the same time in the pediatric and medicine wards. A predesigned, pretested, structured questionnaire was used for data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analysis revealed the following to be risk factors: age at onset, sex, religion, immunization status, proximity to pigs, proximity to paddy fields (<100 m), use of a mosquito net, impregnated mosquito net, mosquito repellent, and outdoor activities. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified age at onset (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 20.900; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.210-31.815) and proximity to pigs (AOR, 4.190; 95% CI, 1.592-11.040) as risk factors for the first control arm and proximity to paddy fields (<100 m) (AOR, 8.470; 95% CI, 2.0251-35.438) was the only risk factor found for second control arm, whereas impregnated mosquito nets (AOR, 0.082; 95% CI, 0.009-0.725) and mosquito repellent (AOR, 0.173; 95% CI, 0.052-0.575) were found to be associated with the second control arm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age at onset, proximity to pigs, proximity to paddy fields (<100 m), impregnated mosquito nets, and mosquito repellent were the most significant risk factors for JE in the NE region to warrant public health actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 4","pages":"108-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/c5/encephalitis-2022-00066.PMC10295922.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10203256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lumbar puncture: considerations, procedure, and complications.","authors":"Keun Tae Kim","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lumbar puncture is an important technique used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid, administer medications, and monitor intracerebral pressure. As essential invasive approach to diagnosing and treating central nervous system disorders, clinicians should be familiar with lumbar puncture. This review includes the considerations, contraindications, procedures, and complications of lumbar puncture.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 4","pages":"93-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ce/78/encephalitis-2022-00045.PMC10295920.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10221469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis with schizophrenia-like symptoms as an initial clinical manifestation.","authors":"Jiyeon Moon,&nbsp;Hyeyun Kim","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI-1) antibody encephalitis is a type of limbic encephalitis characterized by faciobrachial dystonic seizure and short-term memory loss as initial clinical symptoms. We present a case initially misdiagnosed as schizophrenia and finally diagnosed as LGI-1 antibody encephalitis. A 41-year-old female presented to the neurology clinic with a 4-month history of anxiety and disoriented speech and a new onset headache. Her explanation of symptoms was unclear, and she was unable to answer questions properly. Her brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no specific lesions. After 6 months, depersonalization, place disorientation and memory impairment were noted. Her symptoms continue to progress, experiencing visual/auditory hallucinations. She was diagnosed with schizophrenia and admitted to a closed psychiatric ward. In the hospital, she showed mild fever, and her memory loss worsened faster than her psychiatric symptoms, unlike in schizophrenia. Follow-up MRI scans showed a diffusely enlarged right hippocampus with a 2.5 × 1.3-cm mass lesion. Electroencephalogram showed rhythmic theta activities/interictal spikes in the right frontal lobe, for which she was treated with an antiepileptic drug. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis results showed pleocytosis. Based on this, autoimmune encephalitis was diagnosed, and steroid pulse treatment and immunoglobulin treatment were performed. Positivity for LGI-1 antibody was reported and finally led to diagnosis of LGI-1 antibody encephalitis. Clinical symptoms gradually improved, and the lesion had shrunk considerably on MRI performed 6 months after immunoglobulin treatment. She reports persistent amnesia for 6 months but has returned to her daily life under follow-up observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 4","pages":"116-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/84/a3/encephalitis-2022-00080.PMC10295921.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10221470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic social stress during early development is involved in antisocial maltreatment behavior in mice.","authors":"Daejong Jeon, Sangwoo Kim, Jiye Choi, Ah Reum Yang, Sang Kun Lee, Kon Chu","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00038","DOIUrl":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Early-life stress can cause brain inflammation and affect social behavior in adulthood. In humans, maltreated (abused or neglected) children often exhibit antisocial behavior, including violent and sadistic behavior, in adulthood. However, it is unknown whether maltreatment behavior occurs in rodents. Here, we developed an assay system to evaluate conspecific maltreatment behavior in the mouse.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To assess maltreatment behavior, we devised a two-chamber apparatus separated by a transparent partition, in which one chamber was provided with a nose-poking hole that would trigger foot shocks onto the other. Lidocaine was used to inhibit neural activity <i>in vivo</i>. Brain oscillations were investigated by electroencephalograph. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for protein assay. The mouse model was sequentially subjected to maternal separation (MS), social defeat (SD), and social isolation (SI) in that order (MS/SD/SI model).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inactivation of the anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex increased the level of nose-poking. Maltreatment behavior provoked changes in oxytocin, corticosterone, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. MS/SD/SI mice exhibited more sustained nose-poking behavior during the experiment, resulting in increased foot shocks to the mouse in the opposite chamber. Abnormal brain oscillations were observed in the MS/SD/SI mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MS/SD/SI model and maltreatment-behavior assay may be useful not only to study the relationship between social stress in childhood and antisocial behavior in adulthood, but also for study of etiology, pathology, or treatment for brain disorders, such as psychopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 4","pages":"98-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/86/1b/encephalitis-2022-00038.PMC10295919.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10203253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in a kidney transplant recipient: a case of Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary central nervous system lymphoma.","authors":"Hassam Ali,&nbsp;Syed Hamza Bin Waqar,&nbsp;Marwan Majeed,&nbsp;Alina Sehar,&nbsp;Aqsa Mumtaz","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are potentially life-threatening complications of chronic immunosuppression in patients who receive solid organ transplants or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Most PTLD cases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology, and their incidence is typically higher in the first year of transplantation. Isolated EBV-positive diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma in the renal transplant setting has rarely been reported. Isolated EBV-positive primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is rare, even in renal transplant patients with chronic immunosuppression. We report a case of frontal lobe EBV-positive PCNSL in a renal transplant patient who presented with left-sided weakness and was later treated with a consolidated chemotherapeutic regimen without concurrent radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 3","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/b0/encephalitis-2022-00017.PMC10295917.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10220932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of invasive <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> syndrome with ventriculitis.","authors":"Michelle Youn,&nbsp;Jung-Ju Lee,&nbsp;Byung-Kun Kim,&nbsp;Kyusik Kang,&nbsp;Woong-Woo Lee,&nbsp;Ilhan Yoo","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Correspondence: Jung-Ju Lee Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, 68 Hangeulbiseok-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01830, Korea E-mail: sss331sss331@gmail.com ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7498-5656 Dear Editor, Klebsiella pneumoniae is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family and an established cause of urinary tract/ hepatobiliary infections and osteomyelitis, especially in alcoholics and diabetic patients [1]. In the 1980s, a new hypervirulent variant of K. pneumoniae was reported; it causes lung, prostate, and soft tissue abscesses and is associated with metastatic complications such as endophthalmitis/uveitis and central nervous system infection [1,2]. The mortality rate ranges from 3% to 42% [3]. We present a case of ventriculitis and multiple metastatic infections caused by K. pneumoniae in a patient with chronic alcoholism and uncontrolled diabetes who survived after appropriate antimicrobial and surgical treatment. Informed consent was provided by the patient and his family for this report.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 3","pages":"89-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/b7/encephalitis-2022-00010.PMC10295916.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine in epilepsy and encephalitis: previous research and indication guidelines in Korea.","authors":"Yoonhyuk Jang,&nbsp;Jangsup Moon,&nbsp;Soon-Tae Lee,&nbsp;Sang Kun Lee,&nbsp;Kon Chu","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telemedicine is an emerging field of medicine that has become more important during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic era and is being studied actively in various medical fields. In neurology, the introduction of telemedicine is accelerating worldwide under the label of teleneurology. So far, few studies have been conducted on telemedicine for patients with epilepsy. In nonmetropolitan areas, video-based clinics have been demonstrated to be effective for seizure control, and smartphone-based diagnosis has also been confirmed to be accurate. Indeed, after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine has been used to treat patients with epilepsy around the world. Few studies have examined the use of telemedicine for patients with autoimmune encephalitis. One showed that telephone-based evaluation is sufficient to assess the cognitive reserve of leucine-rich glioma inactivated-1-antibody encephalitis patients, thereby diagnosing their dementia. Telephone-based outpatient clinics are temporarily permitted under Korean medical law, and telemedicine can be attempted for clinically stable patients with epilepsy in Korea. In addition, patients with autoimmune encephalitis in stable or improving status may also be candidates for treatment with telemedicine. This review presents evidence for the safety and efficacy of telemedicine to treat epilepsy and encephalitis patients and discusses indication guidelines. Based on our literature review and current Korean medical law, we suggest tentative guidelines for telemedicine in the fields of epilepsy and autoimmune encephalitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 3","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2f/fb/encephalitis-2022-00024.PMC10295915.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10220936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of critical illness among young males with chest pain, abdominal pain, or headaches in the Republic of Korea Army.","authors":"Byeong Geun Song,&nbsp;Jung Han Woo,&nbsp;Hyeon Kyung Yoon,&nbsp;Byeongwook Cho,&nbsp;Hyun Jae Lee,&nbsp;Moonki Jung,&nbsp;Yoonhyuk Jang","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2021.00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2021.00185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chest pain, abdominal pain, and headache are common symptoms associated with critical illness. Here, we aimed to evaluate predictors associated with critical illness in young males of the Republic of Korea Army.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed previously healthy young males with chest pain, abdominal pain, or headaches who visited Armed Forces Seoul District Hospital between January 2019 and December 2020. Critical illness was defined as a condition that required hospitalization, a procedure or surgery, or referral to a tertiary hospital. The symptoms and signs of critical illness were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 762 enrolled patients, a critical illness was diagnosed in 45 patients (5.9%). Among chest pain signs, palpitation (odds ratio [OR], 22.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.08-102.4; p < 0.001), exertional dyspnea (OR, 16.3; 95% CI, 3.38-78.8; p = 0.001), duration (> 5 minutes) (OR, 7.54; 95% CI, 1.93-29.49; p = 0.004), and squeezing type (OR, 5.28; 95% CI, 1.11-25.11; p = 0.037) were significantly associated with critical illness. Among abdominal pain signs, right-lower-quadrant tenderness (OR, 11.87; 95% CI, 4.671-31.87; p < 0.001) was an alarming sign. For headaches, criticality was low (1.5%), and half of patients with critical illness were diagnosed incidentally regardless of headache.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified symptoms and signs significantly associated with critical illness in young male patients. This study might serve as a reference for deciding when to transfer soldiers in the field to a rear hospital, thereby contributing to the welfare and combat power of soldiers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"2 3","pages":"73-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ff/4e/encephalitis-2021-00185.PMC10295918.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10220935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}