Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)最新文献_第2页

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease in an elderly patient with treatment-resistant headache: a case report. 一名头痛难治的老年患者的免疫球蛋白 G4 相关疾病：病例报告。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00073

Kevser Erdogan, Nermin Tepe, Gülay Turan, Musa Öztürk

{"title":"Immunoglobulin G4-related disease in an elderly patient with treatment-resistant headache: a case report.","authors":"Kevser Erdogan, Nermin Tepe, Gülay Turan, Musa Öztürk","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00073","url":null,"abstract":"Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is an immune-mediated, fibroinflammatory condition that causes multisystemic contrast enhancement and is predominantly observed in elderly male patients. The most prominent features of IgG4-related disease are systemic involvement affecting from two to six systems. In the central nervous system, these contrast enhancements are typically found in the meninges and orbit. This case study describes a 78-year-old female patient with persistent headaches and constant diarrhea who underwent treatment for IgG4-related disease. Despite two months of treatment with non-steroidal and opioid analgesics, the patient remained unresponsive and continued to experience diarrhea for 4 months. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed contrast enhancement in the leptomeningeal surfaces, and a biopsy of the gastrointestinal mucosa confirmed the diagnosis of IgG4-related disease, showing widespread plasma cell infiltration and IgG4 expression on plasma cells. The patient was initially treated with 1.0 g/day of pulse therapy for 5 days, followed by a maintenance dose of 1.0 mg/kg oral azathioprine. When azathioprine caused significant pancytopenia, rituximab therapy was initiated. The patient's headaches resolved completely, and the diarrheal attacks were controlled. This case highlights the importance of considering IgG4-related disease as a potential cause of headache or multiorgan symptoms in elderly patients with new-onset headache unresponsive to conventional analgesics. IgG4-related disease can often be effectively treated with steroids and monoclonal antibodies.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"4 4","pages":"87-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stress as a possible trigger in anti-N-methyl-ᴅ-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case series. 压力可能是抗 N-甲基-ᴅ-天冬氨酸受体脑炎的诱因：一个病例系列。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00059

Sheikh Hilal Ahmad, Atif Kawoosa, Tanveer Hassan, Bashir Sanaie

引用次数: 0

Movement disorders in dengue encephalitis: a case report and literature review. 登革热脑炎的运动障碍：病例报告和文献综述。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00066

Pranjali Batra, Neetu Rani Dhiman, Ibrahim Hussain, Anand Kumar, Deepika Joshi

{"title":"Movement disorders in dengue encephalitis: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Pranjali Batra, Neetu Rani Dhiman, Ibrahim Hussain, Anand Kumar, Deepika Joshi","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00066","DOIUrl":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00066","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV). The clinical manifestations of DENV infection range from mild febrile illness to severe dengue shock syndrome and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Recently, its neurological manifestations have been reported. The mechanisms of neurological complications in DENV infection are often attributed to neurotropism or may be immune-mediated. A double-doughnut sign is a radiological pattern of signal changes in the bilateral thalami, resembling a doughnut. Although this sign has been reported with dengue encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, and other neurotropic infections, its co-occurrence with mixed movement disorders is rare. We report a case of dengue encephalitis involving a spectrum of movement disorders in the form of jaw opening dystonia, stereotypies, parkinsonism, and tremors during recovery. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral thalami involvement with a double-doughnut sign. The patient was managed with pulse steroid therapy and benzodiazepines and showed gradual improvement in symptoms. Movement disorders with DENV infection are rare and self-limiting.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between sleep and innate immunity. 睡眠与先天免疫力之间的关系。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00017

Yoonkyung Lee, Kyung-Il Park

引用次数: 0

Understanding epileptogenesis from molecules to network alteration. 从分子到网络改变，了解癫痫发生。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00038

Kyung-Il Park

引用次数: 0

Sleep and neuroimmunology: a narrative review. 睡眠与神经免疫学：叙述性综述。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00024

Jin Myoung Seok, Kwang Ik Yang

引用次数: 0

Insights into adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in fulminant herpes simplex virus encephalitis: case analysis with contrasting outcomes. 对暴发性单纯疱疹病毒脑炎辅助皮质类固醇疗法的见解：结果截然不同的病例分析。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00031

Hussein Algahtani, Bader Shirah, Hussam A Jamaluddin, Nawal Abdelghaffar

{"title":"Insights into adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in fulminant herpes simplex virus encephalitis: case analysis with contrasting outcomes.","authors":"Hussein Algahtani, Bader Shirah, Hussam A Jamaluddin, Nawal Abdelghaffar","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00031","DOIUrl":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00031","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis, predominantly caused by HSV-1, presents with significant morbidity and mortality challenges. This research investigates the particular role of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in fulminant HSV encephalitis through in-depth analyses of two contrasting cases. Corticosteroids show potential benefits to improve an exaggerated immune response and limit viral dissemination within the brain. Daily assessments and frequent neuroimaging, particularly using magnetic resonance imaging, aid in the management of fulminant cases. Although existing evidence relies on limited case series and retrospective comparisons, the results of the present study emphasize the necessity for large-scale controlled trials to establish definitive guidelines. The discretion of the treating neurologist governs the decision to implement corticosteroids, emphasizing the imperative need for continued research and evidence-based strategies for this challenging neurological condition.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"4 3","pages":"62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11237186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic social stress in early life can predispose mice to antisocial maltreating behavior. 幼年时期的慢性社会压力会使小鼠容易产生反社会的虐待行为。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00199

Daejong Jeon, Sangwoo Kim, Sang Kun Lee, Kon Chu

{"title":"Chronic social stress in early life can predispose mice to antisocial maltreating behavior.","authors":"Daejong Jeon, Sangwoo Kim, Sang Kun Lee, Kon Chu","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00199","DOIUrl":"10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00199","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In our previous study, we developed an assay system to evaluate antisocial maltreating behavior of conspecific mice using a perpetrator-victim paradigm. We also generated a mouse model for the maltreating behavior by mimicking child maltreatment or abuse. Here, we further investigate the antisocial behavior using anti-aggressive and antipsychotic drugs.Methods: Model mice sequentially subjected to maternal separation (MS), social defeat (SD), and social isolation (SI) in that order (MS/SD/SI model) were subjected to a maltreating behavioral task. The MS/SD/SI mice were treated with oxytocin (OXY), clozapine (CLZ), haloperidol (HAL), and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for protein analysis.Results: A substantial portion of the MS/SD/SI model mice (46% of males and 40% of females) showed a higher number of nose pokes than the control. OXY or 8-OH-DPAT treatment reduced the high number of nose pokes by the MS/SD/SI mice, whereas HAL increased it. CLZ did not affect the number of nose pokes by the MS/SD/SI mice. Interestingly, although the OXY level in the MS/SD/SI mice was similar to that in the control, the amount of OXY receptor was lower in the MS/SD/SI mice. The amount of 5-HT1A receptor was also decreased in the MS/SD/SI mice.Conclusion: Chronic social stress in childhood might predispose a mouse to antisocial behavior. Our maltreating behavior assay system, including the MS/SD/SI model, is a good animal system for research on and drug screening for brain disorders associated with antisocial or psychotic behavior.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11007547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis successfully treated with glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin: a case report. 用糖皮质激素和静脉注射免疫球蛋白成功治疗嗜酸性粒细胞脑膜脑炎：一份病例报告。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00010

Soo Hyun Ahn, Seon-Jae Ahn, Seung Ae Kim, Han Sang Lee, Kon Chu

{"title":"Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis successfully treated with glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin: a case report.","authors":"Soo Hyun Ahn, Seon-Jae Ahn, Seung Ae Kim, Han Sang Lee, Kon Chu","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00010","DOIUrl":"10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis is a rare inflammatory condition of the central nervous system. As a limited number of cases has been reported, debate remains on the optimal treatment. We present a case of idiopathic eosinophilic meningoencephalitis successfully treated with glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). After extensive evaluation to rule out other possible causes, the patient was treated with intravenous (IV) dexamethasone and showed significant improvement within a few days. However, neurologic impairment persisted, and follow-up lumbar puncture results showed only a mild decrease in pleocytosis. Even after an additional 5 days of IV methylprednisolone, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis persisted, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an increase in enhanced lesions, implying persistent neuroinflammation. The patient was maintained on high-dose oral prednisolone for 2 months, and additional immune-modulatory effects were treated with IVIG. Follow-up MRI at 2 months showed a significant decrease in the extent of multiple enhanced lesions and a normalized CSF profile. The patient was maintained on regular maintenance doses of IVIG for an additional 6 months without any neurologic signs or symptoms. Inflammation is the key pathophysiology underlying neurological damage in eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. A literature review revealed that corticosteroid treatment is the only anti-inflammatory treatment used in cases of idiopathic meningoencephalitis, resulting in sufficient response in most patients but only partial response or death in a few cases. This is the first case report of IVIG use in idiopathic eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, suggesting the possibility of a new treatment modality for refractory cases.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"40-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11007548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140308164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Herpes simplex encephalitis initially presenting without fever or cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings: a case report. 最初表现为单纯疱疹性脑炎，无发热或脑脊液多细胞症，有典型的神经影像学检查结果。

Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00220

Yoonjeong Na, Jung-Ju Lee, Byung Kun Kim, Woong-Woo Lee, Yong Soo Kim, Ilhan Yoo

{"title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis initially presenting without fever or cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings: a case report.","authors":"Yoonjeong Na, Jung-Ju Lee, Byung Kun Kim, Woong-Woo Lee, Yong Soo Kim, Ilhan Yoo","doi":"10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00220","DOIUrl":"10.47936/encephalitis.2023.00220","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a common viral encephalitis that can be fatal if not adequately treated. Fever, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, and typical neuroimaging findings are commonly observed in HSE cases. We encountered a patient with HSE who did not exhibit these classic clinical features. A 63-year-old male presented with his first-ever seizure. Fever did not develop until the fourth day of admission, and neither neuroimaging nor CSF analysis revealed abnormalities. Under suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis, methylprednisolone was administered. Subsequently, when the patient developed fever, a follow-up neuroimaging study was performed and revealed abnormalities consistent with HSE. The patient was promptly treated with acyclovir, which led to a full recovery. Diagnosing HSE in patients who present without fever or CSF pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings poses a challenge. Therefore, prior to initiating immunosuppressive treatment, it is crucial to closely observe patients and to conduct follow-up tests, including neuroimaging and CSF analysis.","PeriodicalId":72904,"journal":{"name":"Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"31-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11007550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0