Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health最新文献

{"title":"SCRAs with a “Brand” New Look: In Vitro Cannabinoid Activity Profiling of Generic Ban-Evading Brominated Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists and their Analogs","authors":"M.H. Deventer,&nbsp;M. Persson,&nbsp;C. Norman,&nbsp;H. Liu,&nbsp;M. Connolly,&nbsp;N.N. Daeid,&nbsp;C. McKenzie,&nbsp;H. Green,&nbsp;C.P. Stove","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Since the enactment of the Chinese generic ban (2021), the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist (SCRA) market has vastly changed and now encompasses unexpected, ban-evading structures such as brominated and tail-less compounds.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six new SCRAs were functionally characterized at CB1 and CB2 using 2 distinct activity-based assays, monitoring βarr2 recruitment (NanoBiT® assay) and Ca2+ mobilization (AequoScreen® assay).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Brominated, tailed SCRAs (ADB-5’Br-BUTINACA, MDMB-5’Br-BUTINACA) showed high efficacy and potency at CB1. Interestingly, switching the bromine for a fluorine (ADB-5’F-BUTINACA) resulted in an even more pronounced CB activity. Tail-less, brominated compounds (ADB-5’Br-INACA, MDMB-5’Br-INACA) retained activity at both receptors, albeit with decreased potency compared to their tailed counterparts, which was confirmed in both assays. Removing the bromine group from the tail-less core resulted in decreased activity (ADB-INACA), evidencing the positive effect of bromine substitution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides essential information for both drug law enforcement agencies and health care workers, as it can be expected that the ever-lasting cat-and-mouse game that describes the SCRA market will carry on, with the surge of new and unexpected substances remaining a great challenge for several fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future of Legalization of Cannabis and its Impact on the Availability of Synthetic Cannabinoids","authors":"A. El Mougy","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been a strong pressure on legislatures to legalize or decriminalize use and possession of specified amounts of cannabis in many Countries. Opinions about drug legalization/decriminalization can differ based on whether a person has a personal history of substance use and as a function of demographic and ideological characteristics (such a religious or political preference). Legalization of drugs (e.g., cannabinoids) is the process of removing all legal prohibitions against it. Decriminalization of drugs (e.g., cannabinoids) means it would remain illegal, but the legal system would not prosecute a person for possession under a specified amount. Instead, the penalties would range from no penalties at all, civil fines, drug education, or drug treatment. Proponents of drug legalization argue that prohibition in general and the “War on Drugs” that began in the 1980′s, in particular, have created a black market for drugs, overloaded the criminal justice system, and failed to reduce the supply of drugs. On the other hand, the negative data of cannabinoids use far outweigh a few documented benefits for a limited set of medical indications, for which safe and effective alternative treatments are readily available. If there is any medical role for cannabinoid drugs, it lies with chemically defined compounds, not with unprocessed cannabis plant. On the other hand, the easy availability, cheapness, perceptive legality, and difficulty in detecting its presence with standard urine toxicologic tests, and similar factors probably contribute to the increased use, and popularity of synthetic cannabinoids. Although laws, and regulations concerning auditing of these substances have been implemented in many countries, production of new types of synthetic cannabinoids rapidly takes place.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of the Extraction Methods for the Simultaneous Detection of NPS Groups from Urine","authors":"M. Kuloglu Genc,&nbsp;S. Mercan,&nbsp;C. Bulut,&nbsp;Z. Turkmen","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;New psychoactive substances (NPS) has become a global issue with 134 countries and territories reporting seizures of at least one or more substances from every continent. A total of 1,127 NPS have been reported worldwide as of 2022. The increasing chemical diversity and unprecedented substance numbers of NPS make this phenomenon even more difficult to detect, monitor and understand analytically. These synthetic substances containing more than one substance, pose a global threat for public health and cause challenges for analytical chemists, toxicologists, and clinicians due to their ever-changing chemical structure. Urine as the most common used matrix for analytical toxicology studies, is an invasive biological sample and allows a longer detection time for the parent drugs and their metabolites. Considering that the NPS recovered throughout Turkey are predominantly synthetic cannabinoids and that these substances are constantly changing, it is a necessity to develop an effective extraction method for urine which covers the currently consumed synthetic cannabinoids. In view of sample extraction techniques having a noteworthy contribution to analysis results, the aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of the two most widely used techniques, liquid-liquid (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) on the detection of NPS focusing mostly on synthetic cannabinoids. In this study, the comparison of extraction techniques was performed from urine by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In order to compare the efficiency of the extraction, different LLE and SPE procedures were evaluated in terms of recovery efficiency, accuracy, and precision. A 10-point calibration was prepared in methanol. The reference standards of synthetic cannabinoids and their metabolites, synthetic cathinones, a tryptamine, and a phencyclidine-type substance were spiked at 0.5 ng/L (low) and 5 ng/L (high) levels. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate using an LC-MS/MS system equipped with an electrospray ionization source operating in positive ion mode. The selected SPE procedure was applied to 20 authentic urine samples taken from volunteers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The optimized extraction method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, the limit of detection, the limit of quantification, accuracy, and precision. The linear range was achieved between 0.05-5 ng/L, and correlation coefficient values of analytes were ≥0.999. Accuracy and precision studies were satisfactory for most of the substances. Results showed that the developed extraction method was suitable not only for synthetic cannabinoids but also for synthetic cathinones, tryptamine (5-MeO-Mipt) and phencyclidine type substance (ketamine) as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;NPS creates societal challenges that need to be addressed greatly due to its widespread use and the spee","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity-based Detection of HIF stabilizers: a Future-proof Complementing Method in Doping Control?","authors":"L.K. Janssens,&nbsp;L. De Wilde,&nbsp;P. Van Eenoo,&nbsp;C.P. Stove","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Small-molecule HIF stabilizers are being misused in sports to ‘artificially’ increase red blood cells. WADA banned their use, but the structural variety in this relatively new class of performance enhancing drugs and the rapid pace at which new drug candidates are emerging hampers their detection in biological fluids, as many currently used techniques target specific structures – a problem also encountered with NPS. Therefore, a future-proof strategy was envisaged, capable of detecting ANY HIF stabilizer (known AND unknown ones).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A previously developed cell-based assay, monitoring the upstream mechanism of HIF1 activation (heterodimerization of HIF1α with HIF1β), was used to detect HIF stabilizers in spiked urine samples based on their HIF stabilizing activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HIF1 bioassay proved to be universal, detecting every HIF stabilizer tested so far (including enarodustat, IOX2, JNJ-42041935, etc.). Using roxadustat as a prototype compound, sensitivity in known urine matrices was determined and ranged from 1-25 ng/mL. A limit-of-detection in blind-coded roxadustat-spiked urine matrices was determined to evaluate routine applicability of this activity-based detection method.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Proof of concept was established that HIF stabilizers can be detected in spiked urine samples by a cell-based assay format through the measurement of increased HIF activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maladaptive eating habits in judo athletes and psychological side effects: Case studies","authors":"Eleonora Zorzi ,&nbsp;Thomas Zandonai","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Originating in 19th-century Japan, judo blends traditional martial arts with modern educational principles. As a martial art rooted in the Budo tradition, it embodies a philosophy focused on the harmony of mind and body. In the West, however, the discipline evolved with an emphasis on competition and athleticism, which has led to increased competitive pressures among athletes. We report here the case studies of two Italian judokas who retired due to the development of unhealthy eating habits, extreme exercise and other unwanted psychological distress. It will be argued that the prevalent practice of weight cutting in combat sports poses substantial physical and psychological risks, particularly for young athletes. Despite regulatory efforts to mitigate extreme weight loss methods, there remains a critical need for improved education on safe practices. It sheds light on the complex interplay between athletic success, physical and mental health, and cultural perceptions of Judo in contemporary society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When a Prophecy comes True: Ethyleneoxynitazene as a ‘Prophetic’ Member of the Emerging Class of 2-Benzylbenzimidazole ‘Nitazene’ Synthetic Opioids","authors":"M.M. Vandeputte,&nbsp;G.C. Glatfelter,&nbsp;D. Walther,&nbsp;I. Ujváry,&nbsp;D.M. Iula,&nbsp;M.H. Baumann,&nbsp;C.P. Stove","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>2-Benzylbenzimidazole opioids (‘nitazenes’) have become increasingly prevalent on the recreational drug market. We performed pharmacological characterization of various 'prophetic' nitazenes, allowing risk prioritization based on structure-activity relationships. Ethyleneoxynitazene, which we predicted to emerge and which was first found in January 2023, is presented as a case example.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In vitro pharmacological characterization encompassed radioligand binding assays in rat brain tissue and a cell-based µ-opioid receptor activation (MOR-β-arrestin2) assay. Antinociception (hot plate assay), locomotor activity, and thermic effects were evaluated after subcutaneous administration in C57BL/6J mice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Binding assays revealed a Ki of 57.9 nM; only slightly higher than that of etonitazene (38.4 nM). However, ethyleneoxynitazene had a &gt;100-fold lower potency in the MOR-β-arrestin2 assay (EC50, ethyleneoxynitazene=70.0 nM; EC50, etonitazene=0.588 nM). Its efficacy (relative to the reference hydromorphone) was also lower (Emax,ethyleneoxynitazene=187% vs. Emax,etonitazene=254%). The strongly reduced activity was reflected in vivo, with an ED50, antinociception of 11.1 mg/kg and 0.0223 mg/kg for ethyleneoxynitazene and etonitazene, respectively. Hypothermia and locomotor assays revealed the same pattern.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The a priori availability of pharmacological data upon the first emergence of ethyleneoxynitazene allowed to rapidly communicate that (compared to other nitazenes) this is likely not the opioid of highest concern. Similarly, pharmacological data for other anticipated nitazenes are readily available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Dependence and Perfectionism: a Novel Issue in Sport Environment?","authors":"P. Venuti,&nbsp;C. Furlanello,&nbsp;A.M. Peirò,&nbsp;T. Zandonai","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Exercise dependence (ED) can be defined as a maladaptive pattern of excessive exercise that manifests in physiological and psychological and cognitive symptoms (Biggs et al 2021). Moreover, perfectionism is a multidimensional personality disposition characterized by setting exacting standards, striving for perfection and harsh criticism (Hill et al 2015). The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between these two variables.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The ED level of the participants was assessed using the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R) while the perfectionism we used the Multidimensional Inventory of Perfectionism in Sport” (MIPS). A specific survey online was performed. Correlations between variables were calculated using Pearson's r for normal distributed data and Spearman's rho for non-normal distributed data. For supplements consume we used a contingence analysis (Pearson's Chisquared test, 3 × 2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>On a sample of 341 Spanish athletes (mean age 25.6 years (SD 8.3), 57% men, 43% women), 6% were at risk of dependence (AR), 57% were non-dependent symptomatic (NDS) while 37% were non-dependent asymptomatic. EDS-R score was positively correlated with MIPS score (r=0.3692, p&lt;0.001) and we found a higher use of supplements in AR (50%) vs NDS (26%) participants (p=0.029).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exercise dependence appears to be positively associated with perfectionism and supplements use. However, these relationships should be examined in future research to confirm this trend, and possibly identify a risk stratification model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MDDM - New Ingredient in Ecstasy Tablets","authors":"B. Byrska,&nbsp;K. Masier,&nbsp;R. Stanaszek","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In 2020, the first Ecstasy tablets were sent to our Institute, in which, in addition to MDMA and MDA, new psychoactive substance - MDDM (3,4-methylenedioxydimethylamphetamine) were also detected.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The research material consisted of 150 tablets seized in five cases from two cities in Poland between 2020-2022. The qualitative analysis of the tablets was carried out by GC-MS. Quantitative analysis was performed by UHPLC-PDA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The main ingredient of the tested Ecstasy tablets was MDA. The second most abundant ingredient was MDDM and MDMA was at the lowest purity. All the tablets were shaped like “the head of a star wars stormtrooper” and in off-white colour. The mass of tablets was in range 0.32-0.36 g. The content of psychoactive substances in one tablet was in range: 38-74 mg MDA, 12-28 mg MDDM, and 3-9 mg MDMA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the last three years new ingredient - MDDM was introduced to Ecstasy tablets. MDDM produces mild psychoactive effects that are not well characterized. It is a new psychoactive substance, and very little data exists about its pharmacological properties, metabolism, toxicity and dosage. Due to possible interactions between MDDM, MDA and MDMA, taking tablets containing such mixtures can lead to accidental overdose and dangerous synergistic effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Device for the Rapid Detection of Benzodiazepines and Synthetic Cannabinoids via Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Machine Learning","authors":"A. Power,&nbsp;M. Gardner,&nbsp;C. Pudney","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Drug abuse is a worsening societal issue across the globe. In the UK, the abuse of Benzodiazepines and Synthetic Cannabinoids is particularly prevalent, especially in healthcare and custodial settings, and there is currently no solution to quickly detect these substances for harm reduction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We are developing a portable and rapid device that utilizes Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Machine Learning to detect Benzodiazepines and Synthetic Cannabinoids in a variety of media, including saliva. The device will be able to distinguish between variants of a given drug to provide an informative output to the end user.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Development of the first prototype of the device is nearing completion, and lab data has been collected for training the device's drug-detecting predictive model. Current experiments with established supervised-learning algorithms show favourable results in distinguishing Synthetic Cannabinoids. Trials of the device in UK drug hotspots are imminent and will result in a significant data collection of the scans performed and the predictions that the model made per scan. This will provide us with an unprecedented insight into the pervasiveness of illegal drug use in the UK and drive improvements for future iterations of the device.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We feel that this is a crucial and promising technology for harm reduction to stem the flow of drugs to the most vulnerable in society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Determination of Gabapentin- an Anticonvulsant, from Body Fluids for Forensic Analysis Purpose","authors":"N. Tomar,&nbsp;R.K. Sarin","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gabapentin, chemically 2- {1- (amino methyl) cyclohexyl] acetic acid is a gamma-amino acid, a cyclohexane in which the amino methyl group and the carboxyl group are substituted at position one. The drug is extensively used as adjuvant therapy in treating neurotic pains, epilepsy, and seizures. The drug is available under brand names such as Neurontin, Gaborone, gralise, etc. It has been reported to be abused by opioid addicts in addition to its therapeutic use due to its anxiolytic and euphoric-like properties and easy availability in the market as a prescription drug. Scant research is available on the forensic examination of the drug under reference in body fluids. The present presents a method for the detection and determination of gabapentin from urine. The drug is not significantly metabolized in the human body and is excreted in the urine in its unchanged form allowing its qualitative and quantitative detection for forensic purposes. A weighed amount of the drug was spiked in the urine and extraction was performed using SPE cartridges. The extracted drug was detected using Thin Layer chromatography, Ultraviolet spectrophotometry and Triple quad LC-MS/MS.ICH Guidelines were used for the validation of the method. The reported method is sensitive and can be used for forensic detection and determination of gabapentin from urine in microlevels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}