Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health最新文献

{"title":"Impact of online psychological services on academic achievement and COVID-19 fear in students with addicted parents","authors":"Hamid Heydari ,&nbsp;Nooshin Pordelan ,&nbsp;Simin Hosseinian ,&nbsp;Masoud Safaei ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khorrami","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The use of online psychological services has shown potential in alleviating mental health concerns during the coronavirus epidemic. This study aimed to investigate the effects of online psychological services on COVID-19 fear and academic achievement among students with addicted parents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The current study is a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, and control group. The statistical population of this study included all male and female students in Tehran province in 2022. In order to select the sample, the call to participate in the study was made by the social media (Telegram, WhatsApp, Instagram, LinkedIn) for two months. Then, corona fear questionnaire link was sent to the email addresses of the respondents and 120 students who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the sample of the study. In the next stage, 120 students were randomly assigned in the experimental and control groups. After 8 online sessions, 4 students from the experimental group and 5 students from the control group ended their cooperation due to personal reasons and as a result, 56 and 55 students constituted the experimental and control groups, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicated a significant increase in academic achievement for students in the experimental group post-intervention compared to the control group. Additionally, online psychological services appeared to mitigate COVID-19 related fears.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study suggests that online psychological services play a pivotal role in enhancing student's mental well-being during the COVID-19 epidemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000126/pdfft?md5=2beed4c2a78fe31cc25b64c5b85dca5d&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000126-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of a pioneer social service treatment for gambling disorder—The first 6-month follow-up data","authors":"C. Grudet ,&nbsp;G. Åkesson ,&nbsp;K. Wennerstrand ,&nbsp;A. Håkansson","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gambling disorder can be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), but treatment is under-dimensioned in many settings. For example, in Sweden, a setting with mixed responsibility for addiction treatment between health care and social services, treatment for gambling disorder has only recently been introduced in the responsibilities of public institutions. After the introduction of gambling in treatment legislation in 2018, few studies have assessed the real-world feasibility of such treatment. In addition, treatment in social services specifically has not been documented or evaluated, and therefore, in a pioneer gambling treatment facility in such a setting, this study aimed to investigate treatment outcome in patients with gambling disorder six months after completed CBT treatment within a social service setting. Twenty patients receiving CBT treatment during 2018–2020 were followed with respect to gambling habits at end of treatment and at follow-up six months after treatment. The National Opinion Research Center DSM Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS) was used as screening tool. Rates of gambling abstinence, as well as subjective experience of the treatment, are reported. Ninety percent of the patients were abstinent from gambling at six-month follow-up, and 95 percent of the patients no longer fulfilled criteria of a gambling disorder. In conclusion, these pilot results suggest that CBT treatment is a feasible method for treatment of gambling disorder also in a social service setting. However, due to the limited sample size of this pilot study, and the limited background information of clients who could not be reached, future studies with larger sample sizes are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000114/pdfft?md5=a1b31407e19c27c5580c1c6a2c18075d&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000114-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing NewAddictionsX: A gateway to accelerated knowledge exchange in new and emerging addictions","authors":"Gianluca Esposito","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000102/pdfft?md5=bbd79f078a06b422fa7d5bb1fbb8f600&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000102-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140951905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional analysis of TikTok autism spectrum disorder content quality","authors":"Emma Brown ,&nbsp;Faith Kuzmiak ,&nbsp;Aakanksha Singh ,&nbsp;Varun Monga ,&nbsp;Theodore Bell ,&nbsp;Jessica Nolan ,&nbsp;Melissa Schlenker ,&nbsp;Joan Moore ,&nbsp;Rahul Kashyap","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the current digital age, individuals often look to the widely used social media application “TikTok” to obtain information about autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite this, no studies have evaluated the quality of information available about ASD on the app. Our aim was to investigate the understandability, actionability, and usefulness of TikTok videos about ASD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To evaluate video quality, 100 videos tagged with “autism spectrum disorder” were obtained from TikTok between June 19th-21st, 2023. Videos were included if they pertained to ASD and excluded if they were not in English, unrelated to ASD, or duplicates. Two systems were used to assess the videos. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audio- Visual Materials (PEMAT-A/V) was used to obtain percentage scores for video understandability and actionability. The videos were also sorted into one of three categories: useful, personal experience, or misleading (UPM). The assignment was based on if they contained factual information, anecdotal personal experiences, or incorrect information, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 100 videos analyzed, 24 % were classified as useful; 36 % as personal experience; and 40 % as misleading. They had a mean PEMAT-A/V understandability score of 60.1 % (SD=14.5, range=31.0–91.7 %) and a median PEMAT-A/V actionability score of 0 % (IQR=0–0, range=0–100 %). The breakdown of topics discussed in the videos were as follows: 62 % of videos discussed the diagnosis/symptoms of ASD, 17 % pertained to disorder management, 7 % gave an overview of the disorder as a whole, 2 % discussed the cause of ASD, and 7 % contained information classified as “other”. The majority of the videos were made by non-HCPs (86 %), while the remaining videos were made by HCPs (14 %). HCPs uploaded a significantly higher percentage of useful content (50 %) than non-HCPs (20 %, <em>p</em> = 0.034). HCPs also uploaded a significantly higher percentage of Diagnosis/Symptoms content (85.7 %) than non-HCPs (62 %, <em>p</em> = 0.015).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>TikTok content about ASD is of unsatisfactory quality. Overall, videos are of moderate understandability, very low actionability, and are often misleading. Individuals should exercise caution when browsing the app for information about ASD, and HCPs should be aware that patients are likely to have been exposed to confusing or misleading information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000096/pdfft?md5=21cc8357d0585bbe1f7435acf153f411&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000096-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors, motives, sources and patterns of nonmedical use of prescription drugs among youths in Buea, Southwest region of Cameroon: A mixed method analysis","authors":"Henry Dilonga Meriki ,&nbsp;Kukwah Anthony Tufon ,&nbsp;Ndohtabi Jerry Eyong ,&nbsp;Oru Ivo Ita ,&nbsp;Tamanjong Armstrong Ntohyingwe","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) is an emerging phenomenon of serious public health concern among young people globally. This study seeks to determine the predictors, motives, sources, patterns of use of NMUPD among youths in the Buea Health District of the South west region.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>A mixed-method community-based, cross-sectional study conducted from May to June 2018, enrolled participants aged 15 - 29 years from schools and community. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to capture data and focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed with SPSS version 24 and ATLAS.ti version 7 respectively. Logic regression analysis were carried at 5 % significance level.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study enrolled 464 participants (median age of 21 years, IQR: 18 – 23.8 years) into the quantitative study, 63 % were females. Forty-nine participants were enrolled for the qualitative study. A total of 90 (19.6 %; CI: 15.9 – 23.3 %) participants accepted they have used prescriptions medications in the last 12 months for non-medical purposes. Opioids (74.4 %) particularly tramadol (60.1 %) were the most common drugs used. Male gender (<em>p</em> = 0.001), the age group 20–24-year, smoking (<em>p</em> = 0.043) and use of illicit substances (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of NMUPD. Prominent motivations were:- curiosity (31.1 %) and enhancement of work performance (30 %). Unregistered pharmacies and private health facilities were the main sources of these drugs which are acquired mainly without prescription.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Male gender, young adults, smoking and use of illicit substances were independent predictors of NMUPD. Motives were hinged to enhancement of performance in various domains of social life. Opioids, particularly tramadol was the predominant drug used, acquired without prescription from unregistered pharmacies. Findings of this study provide baseline evidence that could guide policies on drug prevention, treatment and harm reduction interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000084/pdfft?md5=0eaa7a3aa8f698e3e01e12867c111a8b&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000084-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140604948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NPS, PEDs and other emerging drugs on the Clearnet and the Darkweb: Use in sport","authors":"Irene Mazzoni,&nbsp;Olivier Rabin","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the project was to identify new performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) including novel psychoactive substances (NPS) both in the Darkweb as well as in the Clearnet that could be offered to athletes to improve their performance.</p><p>Searches on the Darkweb revealed that the number of PEDs offered to athletes is limited, and mainly center on well-known anabolic steroids, peptide hormones, stimulants and metabolic modulators. No novel substances were found and the most sophisticated were well known and also offered on the Clearnet.</p><p>On the Clearnet, we targeted novel psychoactive substances (NPS) reported by the UNODC Early Warning Advisory on NPS during the period of 2018 to July 2023. None of these substances could be found in nutritional supplements targeting the athletic population, nor did they appear in chat rooms exchanging information on performance enhancing stimulants.</p><p>In conclusion, it appears that PEDs constitute only a minimal part of the Darkweb market and all of the ones offered are well known substances. On the Clearnet, NPS recently released into the market do not make immediate appearance in supplements for the sports community.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000072/pdfft?md5=3d4b698bafab7ddf022ddeaa8173e781&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000072-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140543440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of ADB-4en-PINACA metabolite in the authentic urine samples","authors":"Ching Yee Fong,&nbsp;Hooi Yan Moy","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000059/pdfft?md5=ddbd4fcc77b8a40b934a13f4f5483ca2&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000059-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140275151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addictive symptoms of mukbang watching: A qualitative interview study using directed content analysis","authors":"Kagan Kircaburun ,&nbsp;Filipa Calado ,&nbsp;Andrew Harris ,&nbsp;Mark D. Griffiths","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mukbang watching (i.e., watching eating broadcasts) is an emerging online behaviour that has recently gained popularity. Although, there are a number of positive impacts of recreational mukbang watching (e.g., helping overcome loneliness), for a minority of individuals, excessive mukbang watching may turn into problematic (i.e., addictive) mukbang watching and lead to negative consequences. The present study investigated the addictive symptoms of mukbang watching using a qualitative design. The study attempted to determine the addictive symptoms of mukbang watching through semi-structured interviews with a sample of eight mukbang viewers who frequently watched mukbang. Directed content analysis was used to analyse the data. Nine key themes were explored comprising preoccupation, withdrawal, tolerance, inability to stop, loss of interest, continuing despite problems, deceiving family/friends, relieving negative mood, and risking relationships. Findings of the present study concur with those of previous survey research suggesting that mukbang watching may be another online addictive behaviour that can result in adverse consequences for individuals’ mental, social, and physical health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000060/pdfft?md5=1c8ce65fd69d54500c0da97aca886147&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000060-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting anxiety using Google and Youtube digital traces","authors":"Joshua Rochotte ,&nbsp;Aniket Sanap ,&nbsp;Vincent Silenzio ,&nbsp;Vivek K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anxiety is a widespread and serious mental health issue that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and other stressors. In this study, we explore how online behavior data from Google and YouTube can be used to infer anxiety levels in individuals. We collected and processed digital traces from nearly 100 participants over eight weeks and applied various machine learning techniques to extract features and build predictive models. We found that combining data from multiple media modalities can yield highly accurate predictive models for anxiety as self-reported by a clinical GAD-7 scale (AUC &gt; 0.86). We also found that the semantic categories of online engagement can affect the predictive performance of the models. This study contributes to the field of computational social science and digital mental health and demonstrates the potential of using online behavior data to monitor psychological well-being and design interventions for anxiety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000047/pdfft?md5=a688ed04bceb58697fc812f2727a8f8d&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based successful example of a structure-based approach for the prediction of designer fentanyl-like molecules","authors":"Giuseppe Floresta ,&nbsp;Valeria Catalani ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Abbate","doi":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etdah.2024.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2019, we published three innovative quantitative structure-activity relationship models (QSAR) for predicting the affinity of mu-opioid receptor (µOR) ligands. The three different models were then combined to produce a consensus model used to explore the chemical landscape of 3000 virtual fentanyl-like structures, also generated by us by a theoretical scaffold-hopping approach to explore potential novel active substances and predict their activity. Interestingly, five years have passed, and some of the virtual predicted compounds have been identified/reported to e.g. the EU Early Warning System or the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, thus confirming our warning hypothesis that new emerging drugs from our screen would find way to the market.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72899,"journal":{"name":"Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667118224000023/pdfft?md5=28e051206ecc436bd0d7ec6bd2516f65&pid=1-s2.0-S2667118224000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140088573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}