EES catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Platinum surface oxides govern the cathodic overpotential of the oxygen reduction reaction.","authors":"Alfred Larsson, Andrea Grespi, Ozbej Vodeb, Karen van den Akker, Auden Ti, Claire Berschauer, Alexandra M Imre, Philip Miguel Kofoed, Estephania Lira, Mahesh Ramakrishnan, Stuart Ansell, Justus Just, Henrik Grönbeck, Ulrike Diebold, Edvin Lundgren, Lindsay R Merte, Dusan Strmcnik, Rik Mom, Marc T M Koper","doi":"10.1039/d6ey00014b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ey00014b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on platinum is limited by a substantial overpotential, which hampers the efficiency of fuel cell technologies. While adsorbate binding energies have been widely used to explain ORR kinetics, we here illustrate a more complex role of platinum surface oxides, which are often ambiguously defined in the literature. We use <i>operando</i> total reflection X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (RefleXAFS), supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, density functional theory, and microkinetic modeling, to resolve the surface oxides on polycrystalline platinum and their impact on ORR. We identify the formation of a surface oxide as early as 1 V_RHE in 0.1 M HClO₄ and demonstrate that platinum spontaneously oxidizes at the open-circuit potential (OCP) under O₂ saturation. Furthermore, we show that the oxide coverage increases with upper vertex potential, slower scan rates, and extended hold times at OCP, illustrating how oxides inhibit ORR during fuel cell start-up. Crucially, we demonstrate that the ORR onset is delayed until these oxides are reduced, establishing a direct, negative relationship between oxide coverage and ORR activity. This reveals a revised mechanism in which the potential-determining step is the reduction of surface oxides, and the slow kinetics of this restructuring ultimately determine when surface sites become catalytically available.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12997406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Phosphate modification of Pd/Al2O3 enhances activity and stability in aromatic hydrogenation under CO-contaminated hydrogen","authors":"Adrian Seitz, Yaoci Sheng, Ian Backes, Phillip Nathrath, Dennis Weber, Tanja Franken, Roberto Félix, Angelo Rillera, Johannes Frisch, Marcus Bär, Tanja Retzer and Patrick Schühle","doi":"10.1039/D6EY90005D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EY90005D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Phosphate modification of Pd/Al<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> enhances activity and stability in aromatic hydrogenation under CO-contaminated hydrogen’ by Adrian Seitz <em>et al.</em>, <em>EES Catal.</em>, 2026, <strong>4</strong>, 118–133, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00231A.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 483-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d6ey90005d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooperative relay catalysis over Cu–Fe dual sites via N-intermediate and hydrogen radical pathways for ammonia production","authors":"Ming Zhang, Zhiguo Li, Zhipeng Ma, Constantine Tsounis, Chen Han, Shujie Zhou, Wenyu Zhong, Jitraporn Vongsvivut, Jimmy Yun, Zhe Weng, Jian Pan and Rose Amal","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00323G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00323G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) offer a powerful platform to investigate synergistic mechanisms in complex electrocatalytic reactions, yet direct experimental validation remains scarce. In this work, we present comprehensive evidence for a cooperative relay mechanism over a Cu–Fe DAC in the electrochemical reduction of nitrate (NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>RR) to ammonia (NH<small>₃</small>). The spatially adjacent Cu and Fe atoms perform distinct but complementary roles: Cu sites facilitate NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small> activation and deoxygenation steps, while Fe sites drive stepwise hydrogenations through *H radical-assisted transfer. <em>In situ</em> Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) collectively capture the evolution of N-containing intermediates and transient *H species, providing direct evidence for the dual-site relay pathway. This work elucidates the mechanistic underpinnings of DACs in NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>RR and highlights cooperative site-specific catalysis as a promising design strategy for selective nitrogen conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 421-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey00323g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric-field enhanced water-dissociation catalysis on oxide surfaces","authors":"T. Nathan Stovall, Justin C. Bui, Yifan Wu, Shujin Hou, Shannon W. Boettcher and Adam Z. Weber","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00364D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00364D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ion-transfer reactions in the presence of electric fields are ubiquitous in (bio/electro)chemical systems and catalysis, yet the impact of the electric field is poorly understood. Here, we use bipolar membranes (BPMs) to isolate electric-field-driven non-faradaic water dissociation (WD: H<small>₂</small>O → H<small>⁺</small> + OH<small>⁻</small>) on catalytic surfaces. We find the catalyst layer's ionic properties dictate both the transport and kinetic processes within the BPM. The role of these properties are explored <em>via</em> a series of membrane architectures, and catalyst poisoning experiments, and the corresponding current–voltage and impedance responses. Arrhenius analyses show that an acidic graphene-oxide (GO<small>_x</small>) catalyst layer gives rise to low interfacial H<small>₂</small>O entropy in the heterojunction, illustrated <em>via</em> a &gt;100 fold increase in the Arrhenius prefactor relative to baseline TiO<small>₂</small> measurements. Furthermore, ∼50% of the applied driving force goes towards reducing the apparent enthalpic activation barrier in the case of GO<small>_x</small>, while other metal-oxide catalysts have enthalpic barriers independent of driving force. This analysis demonstrates a new mechanistic understanding of WD, where local electric fields augment enthalpic transition-state barriers, and the local ionic environment facilitates field-driven ion transfer. Ultimately, these results present a new design space for designing ion-transfer catalytic processes, and ionic heterojunctions more broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 407-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey00364d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning in higher dimensions: a strategy for alloy electrocatalyst discovery","authors":"Vladislav A. Mints, Jack K. Pedersen, Gustav K. H. Wiberg, Jens Edelvang-Pejrup, Divyansh Gautam, Kirsten M. Ø. Jensen, Jan Rossmeisl and Matthias Arenz","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00356C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EY00356C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, we demonstrate the inversion of the classical bottom-up approach to drive the discovery of improved energy conversion electrocatalysts top-down. Starting with complex alloy catalysts of many constituents, we down-select to optimal materials by removing low-performing elements from the alloy. The efficiency of this data-driven approach arises from the fact that when studying many elements together in one material, information is also obtained on the less complex alloys that contain fewer constituents. Therefore, the number of experiments required to study the complex alloy is fewer than those needed for studying all constituent alloys individually. In addition, this top-down approach allows for a new way of comparing activity models constructed from experimental data with theoretical simulations. We introduce the approach by studying the Au–Ir–Os–Pd–Pt–Re–Rh–Ru high entropy alloy (HEA) composition space for the acidic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). By studying 200 compositions, we created a machine-learned activity model and provide evidence that the model can predict the activity of underlying, less complex compositions that are contained in the Au–Ir–Os–Pd–Pt–Re–Rh–Ru HEA composition space.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 397-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12805875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity and degradation of Pt–Co and Pt–Ni alloy catalysts for application in high-temperature PEM fuel cells","authors":"Jan Dismas Buriánek, Martin Prokop, Tomas Bystron, Martin Veselý, Lukáš Koláčný, Bruna Ferreira Gomes, Carlos Manuel Silva Lobo, Matija Gatalo, Luka Pavko, Nejc Hodnik, Martin Paidar, Christina Roth, Miran Gaberscek and Karel Bouzek","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00279F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00279F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the emerging hydrogen energy economy, proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) serve as a key enabling technology, yet their cost is among other things dominated by platinum group metals-based cathode catalysts. This paper is focused on investigation of intermetallic Pt–Co and Pt–Ni nanoparticles supported on carbon (Ketjen black, reduced graphene oxide) as low-Pt-load candidates for high-temperature PEMFCs (HT-PEMFCs) operated at elevated temperature ∼180 °C in the presence of concentrated phosphoric acid. Catalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was quantified by rotating electrode measurements (exchange current densities, Tafel slopes), and stability was probed by leaching in 97.6 wt% H<small>₃</small>PO<small>₄</small> at 180 °C followed by post-exposure characterisation. A suite of techniques – XAS, XRD, TEM/EDS, XRF, Raman spectroscopy and ICP-OES – was used to study changes in composition and structure during degradation. All alloy catalysts showed in HClO<small>₄</small> at 25 °C higher ORR activity than commercial Pt/C. However, exposure to concentrated H<small>₃</small>PO<small>₄</small> at 180 °C caused electrochemically active surface area loss, reduced ORR activity and supported Pt crystallite growth, Co/Ni dissolution, and surface reorganisation. Comparatively, reduced graphene oxide-supported catalyst was more resistant to ripening and dealloying than its Ketjen black analogue, and Pt–Ni alloy was more stable than Pt–Co. Overall, the results disentangle the roles of the carbon support and alloy composition and outline activity – stability trade-offs that guide the design of low-Pt loading cathodes for HT-PEMFCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 449-464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey00279f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkali metal-doped g-C3N4: a multifunctional photocatalytic platform for solar-induced energy conversion and environmental restoration","authors":"Pratikshya Dash, Sulagna Patnaik, Sonali Panda, Bhagyashree Priyadarshini Mishra and Kulamani Parida","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00306G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00306G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alkali metal doping has emerged as a powerful strategy to unlock the full photocatalytic potential of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small>) by modulating the structural and electronic parameters. Notably, incorporating alkali metal ions into the crystal lattice of g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small> serves as an effective strategy to modulate its crystalline structure, enhance photon-harvesting capabilities, improve surface area, and optimize photocatalytic performance, all while retaining environmental compatibility. This review summarizes recent developments in alkali metal doping of g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small>, focusing on design strategies, structural modifications, and the resulting alterations in electronic and physicochemical properties. DFT calculations, theoretical modelling, and various characterization techniques were systematically reviewed for structural elucidation and optical modification after alkali metal ion doping in g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small>. We also provide concrete case studies by reviewing the structure–activity relationships of various alkali metal-doped g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small>-based photocatalysts having potential applications in artificial photosynthesis, ranging from solar fuel production, biomass conversion, organic transformation, and pollutant degradation to other miscellaneous applications, mainly supported by the in-depth photocatalytic mechanism. Finally, we conclude by highlighting the research gap and future perspectives. We believe this review is intended to serve as a comprehensive reference for both academic researchers and industrial practitioners engaged in the rational design of alkali-doped g-C<small>₃</small>N<small>₄</small>-based photocatalytic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 286-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey00306g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial amine blends enable efficient CO electrosynthesis in reactive capture","authors":"Siyu Sonia Sun, Yurou Celine Xiao, Feng Li, Jinhong Wu, Yuxuan Che, Yong Wang, Min Liu, Yaohao Guo, Mengyang Fan, Kai Han, Paul-Emmanuel Just, Paul J. Corbett, Rui Kai Miao and David Sinton","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00333D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00333D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Reactive capture of CO<small>₂</small> (RCC) integrates CO<small>₂</small> capture and electrochemical conversion into carbon monoxide (CO), avoiding the energy-intensive CO<small>₂</small> regeneration required in conventional CO<small>₂</small> electrolysis. While single-component amines have been used in prior RCC systems, they suffer from limited CO energy efficiency (&lt;15%) due to sluggish CO<small>₂</small> release. In contrast, the norm in industrial CO<small>₂</small> capture is to blend amines for a favorable combination of absorption rate, CO<small>₂</small> loading capacity, and release energetics. Here, we explore whether blending amines could likewise benefit reactive capture. Using aqueous blends of monoethanolamine (MEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), we find a strong correlation between bicarbonate concentration in the post-capture solution and CO faradaic efficiency (FE). However, under industrial absorption conditions, the blend with the highest bicarbonate content did not always yield the best CO FE: although MDEA increased bicarbonate concentrations, it also increased the viscosity, hindering CO<small>₂</small> mass transport and increasing cell resistance. These competing effects highlight that, for efficient RCC, the composition must balance CO<small>₂</small> absorption kinetics and capacity for capture, as well as CO<small>₂</small> availability and transport properties for conversion. Screening the performance of binary and commercial amine blends, we find a CO energy efficiency (EE) of 31% at 50 mA cm<small>⁻²</small>—a 2.4-fold improvement over single-amine systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 387-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey00333d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbonylation with 3d metal hydrides: expanding the potential for industrial applications","authors":"Zhi-Peng Bao, Le-Cheng Wang and Xiao-Feng Wu","doi":"10.1039/D5EY00343A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY00343A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metal–hydride-mediated carbonylation toward value-added products has found broad applications in synthetic chemistry, materials science, pharmaceuticals, and industrial catalysis, exemplified by hydroformylation and Reppe-type carbonylation. However, most of these applications rely on highly active but precious metal catalysts. Therefore, the development of novel, practically useful, and inexpensive catalytic systems based on earth-abundant metals is highly desirable. On the other hand, olefin isomerization–carbonylation tandem processes can assist in converting mixed olefins into single products, which is of relevance to chemical industry applications. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in abundant metal–hydride-mediated carbonylation and its isomerization–carbonylation tandem process (chain-walking carbonylation), with the aim of providing insights to researchers in both organic chemistry and industrial catalysis for future reaction design.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 2","pages":" 270-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey00343a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EES Catalysis: advancing catalysis together in 2026","authors":"Shi-Zhang Qiao","doi":"10.1039/D5EY90030A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EY90030A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >As we welcome the first issue of <em>EES Catalysis</em> in 2026, it is inspiring to reflect on how far our community has progressed in such a short period. Since its launch in 2023, <em>EES Catalysis</em> has rapidly evolved from a new open-access journal into a vibrant platform that unites scientists working across all aspects of energy and environmental catalysis. Building on the strong momentum of 2024 and 2025, the journal continues to champion impactful, interdisciplinary research that addresses some of the most urgent challenges faced by our planet.</p>","PeriodicalId":72877,"journal":{"name":"EES catalysis","volume":" 1","pages":" 9-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ey/d5ey90030a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}