Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献

{"title":"Addressing wholesale distributor barriers to buprenorphine access: Consensus recommendations from the PhARM-OUD expert panel","authors":"Tyler J. Varisco ,&nbsp;Douglas Thornton ,&nbsp;Taha Hussain ,&nbsp;Hannah Fish ,&nbsp;Joshua Bolin ,&nbsp;David Dadiomov ,&nbsp;Ekere J. Essien ,&nbsp;Matthew A. Wanat ,&nbsp;Diane Ginsburg ,&nbsp;Jeanne Waggener ,&nbsp;Jeffrey P. Bratberg ,&nbsp;Bethany DiPaula ,&nbsp;Lucas G. Hill ,&nbsp;PhARM-OUD Working Group","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Less than one-in-four patients with opioid use disorder receive opioid agonist treatment. This is in part due to the fact that less than 60 % of pharmacies stock and dispense buprenorphine products for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). Pharmacies do not stock for many reasons but wholesale distribution remains a major barrier to buprenorphine availability. The objective of this study was to create consensus recommendations to improve wholesale distribution of buprenorphine for the treatment OUD in community pharmacies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study involved a qualitative elicitation study, grounded in the theory of planned behavior, with seven-focus groups and 46 total pharmacists in Texas, California, and West Virginia. Results of the reflexive thematic analysis were used to create a vignette describing pharmacy-based barriers to buprenorphine supply. Non-legislative recommendations to improve buprenorphine purchase were created through a four-round Delphi study with 22 experts in psychiatry, pharmacy practice, drug distribution, and drug-policy and public comment review between June 2022 and September 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The elicitation study demonstrated that distributor thresholds led to buprenorphine rationing, care interruptions, payer limitations, and fear of enforcement in community pharmacies. The expert panel recommended six, consensus actions that pharmacists, DEA and distributors could take to avoid further interruptions in buprenorphine availability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DEA and distributors can act now, without congressional intervention, to ensure that the terms of the opioid injunctive relief agreement do not impede the ability of pharmacists to provide care to persons with OUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synaptic signatures of perinatal cannabinoids: A systematic review of rodent hippocampal synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory","authors":"Rebecca Przy ,&nbsp;Ben Jacoby ,&nbsp;Brian R. Christie","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expanding legalization of cannabis raises significant public health concerns about its use during pregnancy, particularly due to the limited understanding of its impact on neurodevelopment. Existing research suggests that perinatal cannabis or cannabinoid exposure may impair learning and memory; however, variations in study design hinder the ability to draw generalizable conclusions. Clinical studies are limited in their observational nature and the lack of insight into neural or cellular mechanisms underlying cognitive changes, underscoring the importance of preclinical studies to explore the effects of perinatal cannabinoids in greater detail. The objective of this systematic review is to consolidate findings from existing preclinical research that investigates the effects of perinatal cannabinoid exposure on learning and memory and the putative mechanism of learning and memory, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, in rodents. This review summarizes studies on hippocampal synaptic plasticity (n = 2), spatial/visual memory (n = 13), working memory (n = 6), recognition memory (n = 12), and associative memory (n = 7). Perinatal cannabinoid-induced impairments were reported in the two synaptic plasticity studies, and in 24 out of 30 studies that examined learning and memory, with spatial memory tasks showing the most consistent deficits. While the existing evidence converges on the notion that perinatal cannabinoid exposure negatively impacts hippocampal physiology and associated memory functions, further research is needed to disentangle the influence of various methodological factors, including offspring sex and age, cannabinoid type, time of gestational exposure, and method of administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylazine prevalence and concentration in the Los Angeles fentanyl market, 2023–2025","authors":"Joseph Friedman ,&nbsp;Caitlin A. Molina ,&nbsp;Adam J. Koncsol ,&nbsp;Ruby Romero ,&nbsp;Morgan E. Godvin ,&nbsp;Elham Jalayer ,&nbsp;Spider Davila ,&nbsp;Oscar Arellano ,&nbsp;Amanda Cowan ,&nbsp;Brian Hurley ,&nbsp;Chelsea L. Shover","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The veterinary sedative xylazine has been mostly described on the East Coast—yet early reports indicate that it is now arriving to West Coast fentanyl markets. Emerging drug checking approaches can provide information about the concentration and prevalence of xylazine in illicit fentanyl.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fentanyl samples from a community-based drug checking program in Los Angeles, California were assessed using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). A subset was analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to quantify the concentration of xylazine, fentanyl, and other compounds.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among n = 536 fentanyl-positive samples, n = 103 were xylazine-positive, and n = 78 had quantitative results available. Xylazine positivity rose from 0 % in 2023 quarter 1 to a peak of 29.5 % in 2025 quarter 1. A significant time trend was observed (OR per quarter year= 1.35 [95 %CI: 1.19–1.52]). Xylazine concentration in fentanyl samples was generally low, with a highly skewed distribution (mean=2.42 %, sd=7.80 %). 76.9 % of xylazine-positive samples had &lt;1.0 % xylazine concentration. Compared to xylazine-negative samples, xylazine-positive samples were more likely to contain bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (BTMPS) [46.60 % vs 17.30 %], and lidocaine (65.0 % vs 29.6 %), and had lower average fentanyl concentration (6.12 % vs 10.7 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We note increasing xylazine positivity among samples of illicit fentanyl in Los Angeles, California. The distribution of xylazine concentration is highly skewed, with a small number of very high concentration samples, and majority with &lt;1 %. Nevertheless, more research is needed to study the health impacts of even the low concentration xylazine that is most predominant here; the average participant may still be exposed to a physiologically significant dose of xylazine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of screening and assessment tools for diagnosing opioid use disorder: A systematic review","authors":"Audrey Lopez,&nbsp;Audrey Sarah Cohen,&nbsp;Francine Vega,&nbsp;Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>As the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) continues to rise, early detection by medical professionals can often be the first step in linking individuals to treatment. This systematic review was designed to identify implemented OUD screening and assessment tools with studies published from January 2019 through June 2024, uncover common themes associated with implementation, and determine if these tools were recommended in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted within PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science using the keywords ‘opioid use disorder,’ ‘documentation,’ and ‘screening assessment tool.’ Three investigators independently reviewed titles, abstracts, and full-text articles for inclusion and exclusion criteria and inclusion within the study. The Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice model was used to appraise evidence level, quality, and common themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The initial literature search yielded 914 articles for review, with 19 remaining in the final selection. Of the 19 articles, 15 provided quantitative results of an implemented OUD screening or assessment tool, and 4 offered qualitative results about the value of implemented tools within a clinical practice. 15 of the articles recommended a screening or diagnostic assessment tool. Key themes included the insufficiency of a single assessment tool, inconsistent documentation of OUD diagnoses and symptoms, and variable tool completion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Diagnosing OUD is complex and dynamic. This review highlights the value of screening and assessment tools in identifying individuals and initiating opioid use-related care. Future research should explore implementing artificial intelligence and patient-centered care to assist with OUD screening and assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hepatitis C serostatus on health service utilization for opioid-related harms among individuals prescribed opioid agonist therapy: A longitudinal prospective cohort study","authors":"Paige Guyatt ,&nbsp;Glenda Babe ,&nbsp;Anastasia Gayowsky ,&nbsp;Tea Rosic ,&nbsp;Myanca Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Paxton Bach ,&nbsp;Richard Perez ,&nbsp;Claire de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Jeffrey H. Samet ,&nbsp;Geneviève Kerkerian ,&nbsp;Jessica Hann ,&nbsp;Joanna C. Dionne ,&nbsp;Aijaz Ahmed ,&nbsp;Donghee Kim ,&nbsp;Seonaid Nolan ,&nbsp;Lehana Thabane ,&nbsp;Zainab Samaan ,&nbsp;Brittany B. Dennis","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Varied substance use outcomes have been reported among individuals with a hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection on opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for opioid use disorder. Accordingly, the current study sought to evaluate the association between HCV serostatus, among other factors, and opioid-related acute health service utilization (e.g., emergency department [ED] visits and hospitalizations) among individuals prescribed OAT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multi-site prospective cohort study data were used to characterize demographic characteristics, substance use patterns, and physical health amongst individuals prescribed OAT. Logistic regression models were built to estimate the association between HCV-seropositivity and opioid-related ED visits and hospitalizations over a three-year follow up period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 3430 participants, 10.6 % (<em>n</em> = 365) were HCV-seropositive. In the follow-up period, 21.3 % (<em>n</em> = 730) attended the ED and 8.7 % (<em>n</em> = 298) were hospitalized for opioid related-harms. HCV-seropositivity was associated with an increased incidence of ED visits for opioid poisoning (9.0 % vs 4.9 % for participants who were HCV-seronegative, p &lt; 0.01) and other opioid-related harms (22.5 % vs. 20.8 % for seronegative participants, p = 0.03). However, multiple logistical regression models showed no association between HCV serostatus and opioid-related health service utilization; rather, injection drug use was a significant predictor of opioid-related ED visits (OR 3.39, p &lt; 0.01) and hospitalizations (OR 1.21, p = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among individuals prescribed OAT, those with seropositive HCV have increased incidence of ED visits and hospitalizations for opioid-related harms, an association which may be driven by injection use practices. These findings highlight the importance of screening for injection use practices and health symptoms, as well as the potential role for targeting resources (e.g., harm reduction supplies, education regarding transmission) within this vulnerable subgroup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting the alcohol and alcohol problems perception questionnaire and the drug and drug problems perception questionnaire: A psychometric analysis of a person-centred approach","authors":"Andrea RAYNAK ,&nbsp;Michel Bédard ,&nbsp;Brianne Wood ,&nbsp;Christopher Mushquash","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire and the Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaires were developed decades ago to assess health care providers’ attitudes toward patients who use substances. Although reliable, the language in these tools no longer aligns with contemporary societal and academic discourse on person-centred language. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether modifying the language in the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire and Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire to create the person-centered Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire and person-centered Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire would affect their reliability, internal consistency, and factor structures when used with registered nurses and registered practical nurses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In fall 2024, an electronic survey was distributed to 1400 RNs and RPNs at an acute care hospital in northwestern Ontario, with 412 responding (29.4 % response rate). Participants were randomly assigned to complete either the original Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire and Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire or the revised person-centred versions. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted to assess the factor structures of both versions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Confirmatory factor analysis revealed suboptimal model fits for both the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire and the person-centred Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire. The best-fitting Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire was a seven-factor, 30-item model, and the person-centred Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire was a revised four-factor, 22-item model after exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis for the Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire indicated support for the original five-factor structure, but a four-factor, 16-item model emerged after exploratory factor analysis for the person-centred version.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although limited by a small sample size and data from a single setting, the findings of this study provide preliminary support that slightly modified versions of the PC- AAPPQ and PC-DDPPQ may hold promise for use with practising clinical nurses in similar contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receiving coupons and discounts for nicotine pouches is associated with current use of nicotine pouches among United States adults: Results from the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study wave 7 (2022-2023).","authors":"Juhan Lee, Frank Merenda, Andrea H Weinberger","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rising use of nicotine pouches has emerged as a public health concern. Increasing use might be driven by exposure to marketing (e.g., discounts, coupons) but little is known about marketing and nicotine pouch use. This study is the first to use United States (US) nationally representative data to examine the relationship between exposure to discounts and coupons for nicotine pouches and nicotine pouch use among US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using respondents from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Wave 7 (2022-2023) dataset (N = 27,712), we examined the association between past 12-month exposure to nicotine pouch discounts/coupons and past-30-day nicotine pouch use, adjusting for sociodemographic, psychological, and behavioral covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among respondents, 0.3 % (weighted) reported past-12-month receipt of discounts or coupons for nicotine pouches, and 0.8 % reported past-30-day use of nicotine pouches, with a significant bivariate association (p < 0.001). After controlling for covariates, individuals exposed to discounts or coupons for nicotine pouches during the past 12 months were more likely to report past-30-day use of nicotine pouches (adjusted odds ratio=33.85, 95 % confidence interval=19.13, 59.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to discounts/coupons for nicotine pouches was associated with an increased risk of product use in the past 30 days among US adults. Continual surveillance of tobacco marketing strategies and sustained research efforts are necessary to inform tobacco control efforts and cessation strategies related to nicotine pouches.</p>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"100370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kratom use among ethnobotanical tea bar patrons in Colorado: Subjective drug effects, adverse reactions, and perceived benefits of use.","authors":"Cianna J Piercey, Joseph Bunch, Joseph Cameron, Riley Ahern, Isabella Packwood, Carter Bruning, Devin Henry, Jesse Ruehrmund, Katelyn Weldon, Kirsten E Smith, Hollis C Karoly","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Kratom use is increasing in the US, yet data characterizing use patterns, risks, and benefits is limited. Additionally, there are few data on the acute subjective effects of kratom in humans, and no studies to-date have examined kratom use within US public consumption settings, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using field methods, we administered surveys to 102 ethnobotanical tea bar patrons in northern Colorado. Surveys assessed demographic information, kratom use patterns, perceived benefits, and adverse reactions. We also assessed subjective drug effects acutely after participants consumed kratom at the bars. Data were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (mean age=22.34 years, 39.2 % women), reported frequent kratom use (73.4 % endorsed weekly use, 19.3 % endorsed daily use). Reported benefits included mental and physical health benefits, social enhancement, and substance use harm reduction. Adverse reactions primarily involved gastrointestinal issues, though acute psychological effects (e.g., anxiety), and withdrawal symptoms were also cited. Kratom use in a bar setting was associated with acute stimulation and mild euphoria, and minimal sedation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While most participants reported perceived benefits, the presence of adverse reactions highlight the need for more data on safety and risks of kratom use, particularly within public consumption spaces. Results also highlight the possible role of kratom in supporting substance use disorder recovery, with some ethnobotanical tea bars potentially functioning as recovery spaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"100361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naloxone training programs in corporately-owned versus independently-owned Alabama community pharmacies: A pilot cross-sectional survey","authors":"Erin Blythe ,&nbsp;Nicholas McCormick ,&nbsp;Shannon Woods ,&nbsp;Karen Pham ,&nbsp;Asia White ,&nbsp;Hannah Bricker ,&nbsp;Sadie Newhouse ,&nbsp;Anne Taylor ,&nbsp;Lindsey Hohmann","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alabama community pharmacists have the ability to furnish naloxone. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences between naloxone training, policies, procedures, and preferences in corporately-owned (chain) versus independently-owned pharmacies in Alabama.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online cross-sectional survey was distributed to Alabama community pharmacists via email. Outcome measures included: 1) in-house versus outsourced naloxone education/training topics (13-item multiple-choice); 2) naloxone training preferences (5-item multiple-choice); and 3) perceived usefulness of naloxone education sources (14-item Likert scale from 1 =strongly disagree to 5 =strongly agree). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 2-sided Fisher’s Exact tests for categorical and Mann Whitney U tests for continuous/ordinal outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the respondents (N = 64), 37 % were female, 95 % White, with an average age of 42 years. Less pharmacists received naloxone training (77 % vs 98 %, p = 0.016), naloxone education mandated by employers (7 % vs 97 %, p &lt; 0.001), and mean[SD] in-house naloxone education topics (3.7[4.9] vs 8.5[4.2], p = 0.003) in independent versus chain pharmacies. Most independent and chain pharmacies preferred naloxone training in an online self-study format (53 % vs 45 %, p = 0.529). However, mean[SD] perceived usefulness of training sources was lower for employer-based training (2.93[0.96] vs 3.90[1.01], p = 0.003), the Alabama Department of Public Health (2.87[1.19] vs 3.66[0.90], p = 0.024), and the Veterans Affairs Administration (1.60[0.91] vs 2.41[0.98], p = 0.013) amongst independents versus chains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings suggest that pharmacists are not all receiving the same training in independent versus chain pharmacies. Targeted training efforts, including development of educational programs tailored to preferences in pharmacy settings, may lead to more efficient and informed provision of naloxone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital detection of craving and stress for individuals in recovery from substance use disorder: A qualitative study","authors":"Jazmin Hampton ,&nbsp;Reynalde Eugene ,&nbsp;Nirzari Kapadia ,&nbsp;Emily Caggiano ,&nbsp;Amanda Geagea ,&nbsp;C. James Watson ,&nbsp;Stephanie Carreiro","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aims to 1) categorize experiences with stress and craving during substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, 2) explore perceptions of both clients and treatment providers towards a digital detection system for stress and craving during recovery, and 3) identify barriers and facilitators to adopting this technology during SUD treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a qualitative study of people in recovery from SUD (clients) and healthcare providers from outpatient treatment facilities in the northeast United States. Clients were asked to use a digital health tool that detects physiological biomarkers of stress and craving (RAE Health) for 30 days alongside their usual treatment and to engage in a semi-structured interview upon completion. Providers were asked to participate in a one-time focus group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-one clients completed a semi-structured interview, and eleven providers participated in two focus groups. Four core themes emerged from the qualitative data: categorization of experiences with stress and craving, perceptions of digital detection systems, perceived barriers and facilitators of the system, and desired features of the system. Overall, client and provider perception were positive, and acceptability of the digital health tool was high.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A digital detection system for stress and craving during SUD recovery was perceived favorably by both clients and providers, with clients citing heightened awareness and providers citing opportunities for personalized care as promising use cases. Future iterations of digital health systems for this population should consider the ideal “dose” of the intervention to maximize benefit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}