Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of medication for opioid use disorder among reproductive-aged women","authors":"Jennifer K. Bello ,&nbsp;Nathaniel A. Dell ,&nbsp;Aaron M. Laxton ,&nbsp;Mary Conte ,&nbsp;Lynn Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Women of reproductive age would benefit from treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) prior to pregnancy to improve maternal and infant outcomes. In this study, we aimed to identify the prevalence of medication for OUD (MOUD) and characterize correlates of MOUD receipt among 12–49-year-old women with OUD seeking treatment in publicly funded substance use disorder treatment programs at the time of their first treatment episode.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study explores the demographic and clinical characteristics of women of reproductive age with OUD receiving publicly funded substance use treatment services. We used data from the concatenated 2015–2021 Treatment Episode Data Set–Admissions (TEDS-A), which documents demographic and clinical characteristics of patient admissions to publicly funded substance use treatment services in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the sample of females aged 12–49 with no prior treatment admissions and primary OUD (n=325,512), 40.53% received MOUD (n=131,930), including 39.40% of non-pregnant women (n=115,315) and 52.79% of pregnant women (n=8423). Pregnant women had significantly higher odds of receiving MOUD (aOR = 2.42, 95%CI: 2.30, 2.54) compared to non-pregnant women. Non-white race, treatment setting, and treatment self-referral were also associated with higher levels of MOUD.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We identified a significant unmet need among both pregnant and non-pregnant women with OUD seeking care in publicly funded treatment clinics. While women who are pregnant are significantly more likely to receive evidence-based treatment with MOUD, still 47.21% of pregnant women did not receive MOUD. All reproductive-aged women with OUD should be offered evidence-based treatment options, including MOUD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000234/pdfft?md5=3275a5d80ed0d4a23aaede090ae920c2&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000234-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140813167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of a pilot brief educational intervention on preferences regarding treatments for opioid use disorder","authors":"Emaun Irani ,&nbsp;Colin Macleod ,&nbsp;Stephanie Slat ,&nbsp;Adrianne Kehne ,&nbsp;Erin Madden ,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Jaffe ,&nbsp;Amy Bohnert ,&nbsp;Pooja Lagisetty","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Negative perceptions around medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) amongst the public could deter patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) from engaging with MOUD. Thus, we evaluated whether a brief intervention could improve preferences for MOUD in people who may or may not use opioids.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We employed a pre-post design to assess the effect of a brief educational intervention on preferences for methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone, and non-medication treatment in an online sample of US adults stratified by race, who may or may not use opioids. Respondents ranked their preferences in OUD treatment before and after watching four one-minute educational videos about treatment options. Changes in treatment preferences were analyzed using Bhapkar’s test and post hoc McNemar’s tests. A binary logistic generalized estimating equation (GEE) assessed factors associated with preference between treatments.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sample had 530 responses. 194 identified as White, 173 Black, 163 Latinx. Treatment preferences changed significantly towards MOUD (p&lt;.001). This effect was driven by changes toward buprenorphine (OR=2.38; p&lt;.001) and away from non-medication treatment (OR=0.20; p&lt;.001). There was no significant difference in effect by race/ethnicity. People with lower opioid familiarity were significantly more likely to change their preferences towards MOUD following the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Respondent preferences for MOUD increased following the intervention suggesting that brief educational interventions can change treatment preferences towards MOUD. These findings offer insights into perceptions of OUD treatment in a racially stratified sample and serve as a foundation for future educational materials that target MOUD preferences in the general public.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000192/pdfft?md5=c08c9aef1f07d28dfdab5610fdc4b567&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000192-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review","authors":"Yuni Tang ,&nbsp;Brenna Kirk ,&nbsp;Folawiyo Olanrewaju ,&nbsp;Christiaan G. Abildso ,&nbsp;Erin L. Winstanley ,&nbsp;Christa L. Lilly ,&nbsp;Toni M. Rudisill","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A systematic review of the literature was performed to summarize cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Special focus was given to the prevalence of cannabis use during COVID-19, as well as factors that may explain changes in cannabis consumption patterns.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The protocol of this systematic review was registered. Articles from seven publication databases were searched in January 2022. The inclusion criteria for studies were as follows: 1) published in English; 2) study instruments needed to include items on COVID-19; 3) conducted after January 1st, 2020; 4) published in a peer-reviewed journal, dissertation, or thesis; 5) study population ≤25 years of age; 6) study designs were limited to observational analytical studies; 7) measured cannabis use. This review excluded other reviews, editorials, and conference abstracts that were not available as full text manuscripts. Independent review, risk of bias assessment, and data abstraction were performed by two authors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifteen articles from the United States (n=11) and Canada (n=4) were included in this review. The findings of this review showed that the prevalence of cannabis use during the pandemic among adolescents and young adults were mixed. Some mental health symptoms, including depression and anxiety, were identified as the most commonly reported reasons for increased cannabis use during the pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This review highlights the inconsistencies in the prevalence of cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the pandemic. Therapeutic interventions for mental health and continued public health surveillance should be conducted to understand the long-term effects of cannabis use among adolescents and young adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000167/pdfft?md5=95d1e28fc261d5e71432a3d71d967953&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140631650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interacting effects of depression symptoms and sweet flavoring on the rewarding and reinforcing value of cigarillo use among young adults","authors":"Janet Audrain-McGovern ,&nbsp;Olivia Klapec ,&nbsp;Fodie Koita ,&nbsp;Divya Manikandan ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Stone","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Young adults 18–24 years old have the highest prevalence of cigarillo use, exposing young adults to comparable or higher nicotine levels and many of the same toxicants as combustible cigarettes. Identifying individual and product characteristics that increase the potential for persistent use is warranted. We sought to examine the interacting effects of depression symptoms and sweet flavoring on the rewarding and reinforcing value of cigarillo use.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>86 young adults (18–24 years old, 73.3 % male, 38.4 % White, 33.7 % Black, and 27.9 % Other) completed three laboratory visits assessing the subjective rewarding value (exposure paradigm), relative reinforcing value (computerized choice task), and absolute reinforcing value (ad libitum cigarillo smoking session) of sweet-flavored versus non-flavored cigarillos. Depression symptoms were measured with the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale and treated as a continuous variable.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>General linear models with the appropriate family link tested differences in depressive symptomology for each outcome. Irrespective of flavor, greater cigarillo subjective reward was reported across increasing depressive symptomology (B=.0.03 [95%CI=0.00, 0.05], <em>p</em>=.017). Across symptom levels, no significant differences were observed in the subjective reward and relative and absolute reinforcing values of sweet-flavored versus non-flavored cigarillos (<em>p</em>’s &gt;.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Young adults with elevated depression find cigarillos more rewarding but not more reinforcing. They are not more vulnerable than young adults with lower symptom levels to sweet cigarillo flavoring. Public health prevention campaigns and tobacco product regulations aimed at preventing the initiation and escalation of young adult cigarillo use may impact young adults broadly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000180/pdfft?md5=5207e3aa3b17dcdb007b01442cd417d6&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000180-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced emergency department use among insured individuals receiving extended-release buprenorphine in a health system setting","authors":"Bobbi Jo H. Yarborough ,&nbsp;Scott P. Stumbo ,&nbsp;Shannon L. Janoff ,&nbsp;Erin M. Keast ,&nbsp;Michael C. Leo ,&nbsp;Sarah J. Leitz","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Extended-release buprenorphine (XR-Bup) is associated with reduced opioid use and opioid negative urine drug screens. Little is known about its use in outpatient addiction care provided within health systems.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Individuals prescribed XR-Bup were identified from electronic health records; chart abstraction was conducted. Primary outcome was all-cause emergency department (ED) use. Secondary outcomes included ED use or inpatient stays for mental health or substance use, ED use for any other cause, discontinuation reasons, and drug substitution. Statistical comparisons used nonparametric tests from related samples (McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon matched pair tests) to test outcomes six months prior and 6 months following XR-Bup initiation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>152 individuals had an XR-Bup order, 126 received <u>&gt;</u>1 injection. Among those consistently insured 6 months prior to and following XR-Bup initiation (n=99), the mean number of injections following initiation was 3.95; one-third received 6 doses in the 6 months. The proportion of individuals using ED services for all causes declined (41% prior vs. 28% following XR-Bup initiation, p&lt;.05); similar results were found for secondary ED use outcomes. The proportion of individuals requiring inpatient treatment for mental health or substance use also declined (46% vs. 16%, p&lt;.01). Common reasons for discontinuing XR-Bup included losing insurance (21%) or cost (11%). The most common non-prescribed substances used during treatment were opioids (n=31) and THC (n=20).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In this non-randomized retrospective observational study, use of XR-Bup was associated with reduced ED use 6 months following initiation. XR-Bup may help health systems reduce use of costly ED services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000179/pdfft?md5=4eb126d38c0e9db6e6b419e4fb711bcd&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000179-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140646549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and patient reported outcomes by racial and ethnicity status among participants in a randomized controlled trial for methamphetamine use disorder","authors":"Chukwuemeka N. Okafor ,&nbsp;Thomas Carmody ,&nbsp;Angela L. Stotts ,&nbsp;Gavin Bart ,&nbsp;Taryn L. Mayes ,&nbsp;Tara Karns-Wright ,&nbsp;Madhukar Trivedi ,&nbsp;Steve Shoptaw ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Potter","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There has been a significant increase in methamphetamine use and methamphetamine use disorder (Meth UD) in the United States, with evolving racial and ethnic differences.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This secondary analysis explored racial and ethnic differences in baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics as well as treatment effects on a measure of substance use recovery, depression symptoms, and methamphetamine craving among participants in a pharmacotherapy trial for Meth UD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The ADAPT-2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03078075; N=403; 69% male) was a multisite, 12-week randomized, double-blind, trial that employed a two-stage sequential parallel design to evaluate the efficacy of combination naltrexone (NTX) and oral bupropion (BUP) vs. placebo for Meth UD. Treatment effect was calculated as the <em>weighted mean change</em> in outcomes in the NTX-BUP minus placebo group across the two stages of treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 403 participants in the ADAPT-2 trial, the majority (65%) reported non-Hispanic White, while 14%, 11% and 10% reported Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic other racial and ethnic categories respectively. At baseline non-Hispanic Black participants reported less severe indicators of methamphetamine use than non-Hispanic White. Treatment effects for recovery, depression symptoms and methamphetamine cravings did not significantly differ by race and ethnicity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although we found racial and ethnic differences at baseline, our findings did not show racial and ethnic differences in treatment effects of NTX-BUP on recovery, depression symptoms and methamphetamine cravings. However, our findings also highlight the need to expand representation of racial and ethnic minority groups in future trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000143/pdfft?md5=4c29f016fcfc08541f57db78887e5579&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000143-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140606818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediational pathways among drug use initiation, use-related consequences, and quit attempts","authors":"Adura Sogbesan ,&nbsp;Danielle Lenz ,&nbsp;Jamey J. Lister ,&nbsp;Leslie H. Lundahl ,&nbsp;Mark K. Greenwald ,&nbsp;Eric A. Woodcock","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Factors that predict attempts to discontinue drug use are clinically relevant and may inform treatment. This study investigated drug use-related consequences as a predictor of drug quit attempts and treatment seeking among two cohorts of persons who use drugs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Drug use and clinical characteristics were assessed among persons who use cocaine (N=176; urine-verified; ‘Cocaine Cohort’) and among those who use heroin (N=166; urine-verified; ‘Heroin Cohort’). Mediation analyses assessed relationships among age at initial drug use, adverse drug-specific use-related consequences, and drug-specific quit attempts, separately for each cohort. Forward conditional logistic regression models evaluated drug use and clinical symptom scores as predictors of drug-specific treatment seeking.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Controlling for age, mediation models showed that drug use consequences <em>fully mediated</em> the relationship between age at initial drug use and number of drug-specific quit attempts for the ‘Cocaine Cohort’ and ‘Heroin Cohort’ (<em>R</em>²=0.30, <em>p</em>&lt;.001; <em>R</em>²=0.17, <em>p</em>&lt;.001; respectively). Reporting more consequences predicted more quit attempts in each cohort, accounting for duration of use (<em>p</em>s&lt;.001). Reporting more consequences also predicted greater likelihood of seeking drug use treatment (<em>p</em>s&lt;.001) and was associated with more severe clinical symptoms in each cohort (<em>p</em>s&lt;.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Using a parallel analysis design, we showed that reporting more drug-specific use-related consequences predicted more drug-specific quit attempts and greater likelihood to seek treatment in two cohorts: persons who use cocaine and those who use heroin. Our findings suggest that experiencing more drug use consequences predicts more attempts to seek drug abstinence and that assessment of consequences may be informative for treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000131/pdfft?md5=c07a0ae9e317ae24bb85b6eb9554b3ac&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000131-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140547132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarettes and e-cigarettes use among US adults with multimorbidity","authors":"Olatokunbo Osibogun ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Rime Jebai ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tobacco use leads to multiple illnesses. Yet, the effects of different categories of tobacco use on multimorbidity remain understudied. We investigated the associations between tobacco use categories and multimorbidity and the potential moderating effects of age, sex, or race/ethnicity among adults in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using pooled data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for the years 2020–2022. Multimorbidity was ascertained through self-reported ≥2 chronic health conditions. We categorized tobacco use into nine derived from nonuse (did not use e-cigarettes or cigarettes), former cigarette or e-cigarette use, current (used on some days/everyday) cigarette use or e-cigarette use, or both (dual use). We used multinomial logistic regression to investigate the associations while accounting for potential confounding factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within the sample (N=1,080,257), 28.2% reported multimorbidity. For the categories examined (former exclusive e-cigarette, exclusive e-cigarette, former exclusive cigarette, former dual, former cigarette/current e-cigarette, exclusive cigarette, current cigarette/former e-cigarette and dual use), all reported higher odds of having multimorbidity compared to those who reported nonuse of both e-cigarettes and cigarettes. We found significant interactions for age, sex and race/ethnicity with the tobacco use categories for multimorbidity (p&lt;0.01), where stronger associations were observed among younger adults, females and non-Hispanic Multiracial for current dual use (p&lt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or both was associated with multimorbidity among adults, which was more pronounced among younger adults, females and non-Hispanic Multiracial. These findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted public health interventions to mitigate the health risks associated with using both products, particularly among specific demographics, to reduce the prevalence of multimorbidity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000155/pdfft?md5=85fe99b1029310713af94796dd105f31&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000155-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140606817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives regarding cannabis use: Results from a qualitative study of individuals engaged in substance use treatment in Georgia and Connecticut","authors":"Charles A. Warnock ,&nbsp;Ashlin R. Ondrusek ,&nbsp;E. Jennifer Edelman ,&nbsp;Trace Kershaw ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Muilenburg","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Cannabis use is increasingly pervasive throughout the U.S. People in treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) may be especially at-risk of harm due to this changing context of cannabis in the U.S. This study’s objective was to qualitatively describe experiences and beliefs around cannabis among people who had entered treatment for any SUD in the past 12-months.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>From May to November of 2022, we conducted 27 semi-structured interviews (n=16 in Georgia, n=11 in Connecticut) with individuals in treatment for SUD in Georgia and Connecticut. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using an emergent approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All participants had used cannabis in the past. Four themes emerged from the interviews. Participants: (1) perceived cannabis as an important contributor to non-cannabis substance use initiation in adolescence; (2) viewed cannabis as a substance with the potential to improve health with fewer side effects than prescription medications; (3) expressed conflicting opinions regarding cannabis as a trigger or tool to manage cravings for other non-cannabis substances currently; and 4) described concerns related to negative legal, social service, and treatment-related consequences as well as negative peer perception relating to the use of cannabis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although participants described cannabis’s important role as an initiatory drug in adolescence and young adulthood, many felt that cannabis was a medicinal substance for a range of health challenges. These findings suggest SUD treatment clinicians should address medicinal beliefs related to cannabis among their clients and emphasizes the need for research on cannabis use and SUD treatment outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277272462400012X/pdfft?md5=58888d82046f6622081bec8675a149dc&pid=1-s2.0-S277272462400012X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140330928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for harmonization of randomized trials testing the addition of behavioral therapy to buprenorphine for opioid use disorder","authors":"R. Kathryn McHugh ,&nbsp;Allen J. Bailey ,&nbsp;Roger D. Weiss ,&nbsp;Garrett M. Fitzmaurice","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), much remains to be understood about treatment non-response and methods for improving treatment retention. The addition of behavioral therapies to buprenorphine has not yielded consistent benefits for opioid outcomes, on average. However, several studies suggest that certain subgroups may benefit from the combination of buprenorphine and behavioral therapy, highlighting the potential for personalized approaches to treatment. Furthermore, little is known about whether behavioral therapies improve buprenorphine retention or non-opioid (e.g., functional) outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The objective of this project is to harmonize four previously conducted clinical trials testing the addition of behavioral therapy to buprenorphine maintenance for OUD and to use this larger dataset to answer critical clinical questions about the role of behavioral therapy in this population. Study aims include identifying potential moderators of the effect of the addition of behavioral therapy and quantifying the effect of behavioral therapy on buprenorphine retention and functional outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Analyses will consider outcomes of weeks of opioid use, weeks of retention in buprenorphine treatment, and functional outcomes as measured by the Addiction Severity Index. Analyses will include an indicator for each study to account for heterogeneity of samples and design.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Results will help to inform clinical and research efforts to optimize the use of behavioral therapies in the treatment of OUD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000106/pdfft?md5=69863a469c33d1c3b9199e2fa387a883&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000106-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140160514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}