Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献

{"title":"Perceptions, barriers, and facilitators of cannabis screening during pregnancy and labor: A qualitative study","authors":"K. Skelton ,&nbsp;S. Nyarko ,&nbsp;S. Iobst","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cannabis is the most commonly used federally illicit substance during pregnancy. Yet, little is known about women’s lived experiences of being screened for cannabis use during pregnancy.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore perceptions of cannabis use during pregnancy and childbirth, including experiences of being screened for cannabis use during the intrapartum period.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a phenomenological qualitative study using semi-structured, online interviews with 16 English-speaking women who gave birth at a U.S. hospital within the past three months. After transcription of interview recordings, two coders analyzed data using inductive thematic analysis. We also generated descriptive statistics for sociodemographic characteristics and cannabis use behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Most participants were 25–34 years of age (75 %, n=12), Black (75.00 %. n=12), and had less than a bachelor’s degree (68.75 %, n=14). Participants reported low-risk perceptions of cannabis use during pregnancy and often used cannabis to alleviate mental health conditions and pain during pregnancy and childbirth. Women reported mixed perceptions of harm, using cannabis as a medicine and because they were addicted, being fearful of disclosing cannabis use due to potential involvement of child welfare and protective services, and perceiving negative provider communication a barrier to disclosing cannabis use.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Findings underscore the importance of patient education about adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes of prenatal cannabis use, regardless of whether disclosure occurs. To facilitate disclosure of use, close attention should be paid to verbal and non-verbal communication when screening and counseling women during pregnancy and childbirth. Additional studies are needed to further examine patient-provider cannabis-related communication, with a focus on identifying discriminatory behaviors and practices resulting in health inequities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000581/pdfft?md5=b7abc18621ec0e2b948c2e8cebfca4fa&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000581-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher prevalence of polysubstance use among older lesbian, and gay US adults","authors":"Luis M. Mestre ,&nbsp;Marney A. White ,&nbsp;Becca R. Levy ,&nbsp;Krysten W. Bold","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Polysubstance use (i.e., the use of more than one substance) is a major public health concern in the US that disproportionately hinders those from marginalized groups by sexual identity and age. Little research has examined this concern among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older adults, and no study has measured past-30 day polysubstance use prevalence among these groups. The objective was to examine polysubstance use among older LGB adults compared to their heterosexual same-age peers and younger LGB counterparts.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used the National Survey of Drug Use and Health 2021 and 2022 datasets with an analytic sample of 86,254 participants<strong>.</strong> Past-30 day polysubstance use prevalence was survey-weighted and adjusted by sociodemographic factors. We constructed Weighted multinomial models to compare polysubstance use between older LGB adults (65+ years old) with their same-age heterosexual and younger LGB counterparts.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Older Gay/Lesbian adults had a significantly higher polysubstance use prevalence than their heterosexual counterparts (OR = 27.94; p &lt;0.001) while heterosexual participants showed a decline in polysubstance use with age (OR = 0.27; p &lt; 0.001). Polysubstance use among gay/lesbian (OR = 0.67; p = 0.491) and bisexual (OR = 1.04; p = 0.969) older adults did not significantly differ from their younger counterparts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Polysubstance use is a public health concern for older gay/lesbian adults. Interventions are needed to address polysubstance use for older LGB adults, including early detection of polysubstance use and prevention strategies that are age and LGB inclusive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000659/pdfft?md5=c01c88cb4eb0c2c762003f3dae411861&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000659-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of isolation stress and voluntary ethanol exposure during adolescence on ethanol and nicotine co-use in adulthood using male rats","authors":"Jakob D. Shaykin ,&nbsp;Lidia N. Olyha ,&nbsp;Catherine E. Van Doorn ,&nbsp;Joshua D. Hales ,&nbsp;Cassie M. Chandler ,&nbsp;Deann M. Hopkins ,&nbsp;Kimberly Nixon ,&nbsp;Joshua S. Beckmann ,&nbsp;James R. Pauly ,&nbsp;Michael T. Bardo","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Alcohol use in adolescence may increase susceptibility to substance use disorders (SUDs) in adulthood. This study determined if voluntary ethanol (EtOH) consumption during adolescence, combined with social isolation, alters the trajectory of EtOH and nicotine intake during adulthood, as well as activating brain neuroinflammation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Adolescent male isolate- and group-housed rats were given 0.2 % saccharin/20 % EtOH (Sacc/EtOH) or water using intermittent 2-bottle choice; controls were given water in both bottles (n=17–20 per group). Some rats from each group (n=5–6) were euthanized one week later to measure autoradiographic [³H]PK-11195 binding, an indicator of microglial reactivity, and the remainder (n=11–14 per group) were tested in adulthood in 2-bottle choice, followed by nicotine self-administration using an incremental fixed ratio (FR) schedule with Sacc/EtOH and water concurrently available.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Isolation housing increased adolescent intake of Sacc/EtOH, but the increase did not produce an observable neuroimmunological response in brain. Adolescent EtOH exposure <em>decreased</em> adult intake of both Sacc/EtOH and unsweetened EtOH, with isolate-housed rats showing a greater effect than group-housed rats. In the co-use model, a cross-price economic demand analysis revealed a substitutional relationship between Sacc/EtOH and nicotine, but no effect of adolescent Sacc/EtOH exposure. Compared to group-housed rats, isolate-housed rats were more sensitive to the changing price of nicotine and showed greater substitutability of Sacc/EtOH for nicotine.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The current results suggest that adolescent EtOH exposure <em>per se</em>, with or without isolation stress, does not likely explain the enhanced risk for either alcohol or nicotine use later in life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000611/pdfft?md5=f38da31d21d4fa1e5d2a3e0c4bed9efb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000611-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142040035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot pragmatic randomized controlled trial of a nicotine metabolite ratio-guided smoking cessation intervention in a lung health and screening program","authors":"Scott D. Siegel ,&nbsp;Ross Budziszewski ,&nbsp;Essie Layton ,&nbsp;Brian Nam ,&nbsp;Robert Schnoll","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Patients with pulmonary nodules detected through lung cancer screening or as incidental findings are often followed in lung health and screening programs. The use of personalized pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation informed by the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), a measure of nicotine metabolism, has not yet been evaluated in this setting. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the feasibility of conducting a larger trial.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Through a pragmatic RCT design, participants were recruited from a Mid-Atlantic lung health and screening program. Eligible participants smoked &gt;5 cigarettes per day and completed a blood draw to determine NMR before being randomized to standard or NMR-guided care treatment arms. Standard care participants were offered nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) or varenicline and a referral to phone-based smoking cessation counseling. NMR-guided participants received standard care except they were provided a personalized medication recommendation based on their NMR. Study outcomes included measures of feasibility, medication uptake, and treatment matching (i.e., uptake of the optimal medication).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>More than 80 % of 205 screened patients were eligible. However, only 37 (22 %) of these patients enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 65 years, 43 % female, and 25 % Black. Nearly all patients who declined cited a disinterest in smoking cessation. Participants in both treatment arms had high rates of medication uptake (68 %), with NMR-guided participants showing a trend towards greater treatment matching (55 % vs. 29 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results of this pilot study provide support for conducting a larger RCT of an NMR-guided smoking cessation intervention in a lung health and screening setting. Consideration should be given to augmenting the intervention to address barriers to study entry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000593/pdfft?md5=d79c29b25b9801f1c86756d08289f8f7&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000593-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tianeptine-involved emergency department visits, fatal overdoses, and substance seizures in Tennessee, 2021–2023","authors":"Haley L. Hershey,&nbsp;Edward M. Onyango,&nbsp;Kate Durst,&nbsp;Jessica Korona-Bailey,&nbsp;Sutapa Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tianeptine is an antidepressant that acts as an agonist to the mu-opioid receptor and enhances serotonin reuptake. Tianeptine has been legally sold as an antidepressant in some countries but is not approved for any medical use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Tianeptine is not a federally controlled substance, but became a schedule II substance in Tennessee on July 1, 2022. This publication aims to describe the prevalence of tianeptine-involved emergency department visits, fatal overdoses, and substance seizures in Tennessee from 2021 to 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a study to examine the prevalence of tianeptine-involved emergency department visits and fatal overdoses in Tennessee using data for 2021 to 2023 from the Tennessee Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community based Epidemics (ESSENCE) database and the Tennessee State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System (SUDORS). Substance seizure data from National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) are included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our search of ESSENCE, SUDORS, and NFLIS yielded 50 tianeptine-involved emergency department visits, 6 tianeptine-involved fatal overdoses, and 19 tianeptine substance seizures respectively. Demographic information is provided for the emergency department visits and tianeptine-involved fatal overdoses. Discharge diagnosis and clinical symptomology information are provided for the emergency department visits.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Emergency department visits and fatal overdoses involving tianeptine have occurred in Tennessee despite tianeptine becoming a schedule II substance. Among emergency department visits, tianeptine use is most commonly associated with gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. All fatal cases where tianeptine was detected involved other substances, suggesting tianeptine plays a role in polysubstance use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000568/pdfft?md5=c290d8c7ca288a1dc128918644d9b123&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000568-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of a naloxone leave behind program among emergency medical services personnel in Michigan, USA","authors":"Jason Brian Gibbons ,&nbsp;Olivia K. Sugarman ,&nbsp;Lauren Byrne ,&nbsp;Samantha J. Harris ,&nbsp;Hridika Shah ,&nbsp;Eric G. Hulsey ,&nbsp;Julie Rwan ,&nbsp;Esther Mae Rosner ,&nbsp;Anthony Pantaleo ,&nbsp;Emily Bergquist ,&nbsp;Brendan Saloner","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In 2020, Michigan implemented its first Naloxone Leave-Behind Program for Emergency Medical Service (EMS) field providers. Under the program, EMS field providers leave naloxone kits to individuals aged 15 or older they encounter in the field who have overdosed, who indicate they have a substance use disorder, or exhibit signs of opioid use and/or to bystanders, friends, or family that are present at the encounter.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Survey of EMS field providers and administrators to assess perspectives on the Michigan NLB program. Comparisons of perspectives between field providers and administrators working in EMS agencies operating in medical control authorities (MCAs) participating in the NLB program (i.e., participating agencies) with field providers and administrators working for EMS agencies serving non-participating MCAs.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most EMS field providers and administrators supported the Michigan NLB program. However, some were concerned about the unintended consequences of leaving behind naloxone, including the potential for recipients to use more drugs or be less likely to seek treatment. Perspectives of NLB program effectiveness were similar between EMS administrators and field providers. Participating administrators’ top-cited barrier to implementation was convincing field providers to leave behind naloxone, while non-participating administrators were concerned with stocking naloxone kits.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Additional engagement and training to address concerns by EMS field providers and administrators about the benefits of the NLB program are needed to expand program participation intensity. Streamlining naloxone procurement and increasing messaging about free access to naloxone for participating in the program may help increase adoption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277272462400057X/pdfft?md5=0cc2360a08b50576a791ad2ac1229ab3&pid=1-s2.0-S277272462400057X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic opioids have disrupted conventional wisdom for treating opioid overdose","authors":"Phil Skolnick,&nbsp;Jordan Paavola,&nbsp;Christian Heidbreder","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>More than 90 % of opioid overdose deaths in North America are now caused by synthetic opioids, and while they are not as prevalent in the European illicit drug market, there are indications that they may become so in the near future. Multiple publications have argued that neither higher doses of naloxone nor more potent opioid receptor antagonists are needed to reverse a synthetic opioid overdose. However, the unique physicochemical properties of synthetic opioids result in a very rapid onset of respiratory depression compared to opium-based molecules, reducing the margin of opportunity to reverse an overdose. While intravenous administration rapidly delivers the high naloxone concentrations needed to reverse a synthetic opioid overdose, this option is often unavailable to first responders. A translational mechanistic model of opioid overdose developed by the FDA’s Division of Applied Regulatory Science provides an unbiased approach to evaluate the effectiveness of overdose reversal strategies. Reports using this model demonstrated the naloxone tools (2<!--> <!-->mg intramuscular and 4<!--> <!-->mg intranasal) used by many first responders can result in an unacceptable loss of life following a synthetic opioid (fentanyl, carfentanil) overdose. Moreover, sequential (2.5<!--> <!-->minutes between doses) administration of up to four doses of intranasal naloxone was no more effective at reducing the incidence of cardiac arrest (a surrogate endpoint for lethality) than a single dose, suggesting that attempts at titration may not provide the rapid absorption required to reverse a synthetic opioid overdose. This model was also used to compare the effectiveness of intranasal naloxone to intranasal nalmefene, a recently FDA-approved opioid receptor antagonist with a more rapid absorption and a higher affinity at mu-opioid receptors compared to intranasal naloxone. Intranasal nalmefene resulted in large and clinically meaningful reductions in the incidence of cardiac arrest compared to intranasal naloxone. Furthermore, simultaneous administration of four doses of intranasal naloxone was needed to reduce the incidence of cardiac arrest to levels approaching those produced by a single dose of intranasal nalmefene. These data are consistent with evidence that synthetics have indeed disrupted conventional wisdom in the treatment of opioid overdose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000520/pdfft?md5=e563221a6b5d3247084bdfa4c544c1ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000520-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142040036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzodiazepine use for anxiety disorders is associated with increased long-term risk of mood and substance use disorders: A large-scale retrospective cohort study","authors":"Ching-Fang Sun ,&nbsp;Akhil S. Pola ,&nbsp;Kuan-Pin Su ,&nbsp;Binx Y. Lin ,&nbsp;Anita S. Kablinger ,&nbsp;Robert L. Trestman","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are widely prescribed for anxiety disorders. However, the long-term implications on mental health remain uncertain, especially the potential association between chronic BZD use and subsequent diagnosis of mood and substance use disorders (SUDs).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We conducted a 5-year retrospective cohort study by analyzing the TriNetX database, a real-time electronic medical record network. The study population was defined as patients aged 18–65 with anxiety disorders (ICD-10-CM: F40-F48). We employed propensity score matching to pair a BZD-exposed cohort (≥12 BZD prescriptions) with a BZD-unexposed control cohort. The outcomes were defined as depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, and SUDs. We employed Kaplan-Meier analyses to assess the survival probability over five years following diagnosis and BZD exposure; log-rank test to obtain the hazard ratio (HR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified and matched 76,137 patients in the study and control cohorts. Compared to the control cohort, the BZD-exposed group exhibited significantly higher risks of being diagnosed with depressive disorders (HR, 2.64; 95 % CI, 2.59–2.68), bipolar disorders (HR, 4.39; 95 % CI, 4.15–4.64), overall substance use disorders (HR, 3.00; 95 % CI, 2.92–3.08), alcohol use disorder (HR, 3.38; 95 % CI, 3.20–3.57), stimulant use disorder (HR, 3.24; 95 % CI, 2.95, 3.55), cannabis use disorder (HR, 2.93; 95 % CI, 2.75–3.11), inhalant use disorder (HR, 4.14; 95 % CI, 3.38–5.06), and nicotine use disorder (HR, 2.72; 95 % CI, 2.63–2.81).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings demonstrate a concerning association between BZD use and an increased risk of being diagnosed with various mood disorders and SUDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000544/pdfft?md5=667fa21a23886a7ff2e889255168a280&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000544-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142002258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal tracking of alcohol expectancies and their associations with impulsivity in alcohol naïve youth in the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study","authors":"Faith Adams ,&nbsp;Karmiella S. Ferster ,&nbsp;Laurel S. Morris ,&nbsp;Marc N. Potenza ,&nbsp;Iliyan Ivanov ,&nbsp;Muhammad A. Parvaz","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Positive and negative alcohol expectancies (PAEs and NAEs, respectively) and impulsivity are key risk factors for the onset of alcohol use. While both factors independently contribute to alcohol initiation, the developmental aspects of AEs and their nuanced relationship with impulsivity are not adequately understood. Understanding these relationships is imperative for developing targeted interventions to prevent or delay alcohol use onset in youth.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study utilized the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development cohort to examine how PAEs and NAEs develop over time and relate to each other. We also explored how self-reported and behavioral impulsivity at baseline (~10 years old) are associated with the longitudinal development of PAEs and NAEs in youth Ages 11, 12, and 13 (n = 7493; 7500; and 6981, respectively), as well as their time-specific relationships.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Findings revealed while PAEs increased steadily over all three years, NAEs increased from ages 11–12 and then remained unchanged between 12 and 13. Overall, PAEs and NAEs were inversely related. Moreover, PAEs positively correlated with sensation seeking and lack of premeditation, while NAEs negatively correlated with positive urgency. Interestingly, a time-specific association was observed with PAEs and lack of perseverance, with a stronger correlation to PAEs at Age 11 compared to Age 12.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the divergent developmental trajectory of PAEs and NAEs, and their overall and time-specific associations with impulsivity. These findings may guide focused and time-sensitive prevention and intervention initiatives, aiming to modify AEs and reduce underage drinking.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000556/pdfft?md5=bb42277beb89d86956bd50ab2a74fce8&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000556-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of perceived pain relief from acute alcohol intake in a laboratory setting","authors":"Sharmagh Aghabeigi ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Bush ,&nbsp;Jeff Boissoneault","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Studies of alcohol analgesia often assume that changes in pain sensitivity reflect the negative reinforcing effects of alcohol in pain self-management. However, factors that may influence perceived pain relief due to alcohol use remain incompletely characterized. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to identify which factors are most strongly related to self-reported pain relief in individuals with and without chronic pain after alcohol consumption.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study combined data from two studies of alcohol analgesia in individuals who regularly consume alcohol with and without chronic pain. Alcohol analgesia expectancies were assessed during screening. In laboratory sessions, participants received an alcohol-containing (.08<!--> <!-->g/dL target BrAC) or placebo beverage and rated subjective intoxication and subjective response (positive/negative aspects of stimulation/sedation). Participants underwent quantitative sensory testing to measure pain intensity, pain threshold, and relief. Paired sample t-tests determined effects of alcohol on pain measures. Hierarchical linear models determined factors associated with pain relief ratings in the alcohol condition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Pain relief and pain threshold were higher in the alcohol session relative to placebo, but pain intensity did not differ. In a 4-step hierarchical linear model, expectancy of pain relief, subjective intoxication, and high positive affect, but not pain threshold or pain intensity, were significantly and uniquely associated with perceived relief.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Taken together, results suggest the negative-reinforcing effects of alcohol for pain-management are not completely reflected by changes in pain sensitivity in a laboratory setting. Expectancies and subjective response may be important in determining an individual’s evaluation of alcohol’s efficacy for pain self-management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000519/pdfft?md5=c0806e9ed77914ca5f3f8bc11b029e6e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772724624000519-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}