Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"A Study of Adrenal Incidentaloma-Related Hormonal Assays After First Integration of the Diagnosis Within Primary Healthcare.","authors":"Oana-Claudia Sima, Mihai Costachescu, Ana Valea, Mihaela Stanciu, Ioana Codruta Lebada, Tiberiu Vasile Ioan Nistor, Mihai-Lucian Ciobica, Claudiu Nistor, Mara Carsote","doi":"10.3390/diseases13060169","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13060169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adrenal incidentalomas are detected in various medical and surgical healthcare departments, including primary healthcare. One up to three out of ten individuals confirmed with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAs) actually present a mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS), which is distinct from Cushing's syndrome.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to assess the cortisol secretion in newly detected adrenal incidentalomas in patients who were referred by their primary healthcare physician upon accidental detection of an adrenal tumor at abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan that was performed for unrelated (non-endocrine) purposes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included adults diagnosed with an adrenal incidentaloma via CT during the previous 3 months.</p><p><strong>Inclusion criteria: </strong>age ≥ 40 years (y). A triple stratification of exclusion criteria involved: (1) Clinical aspects and medical records such as active malignancies or malignancies under surveillance protocols, subjects under exogenous glucocorticoid exposure (current or during the previous year), or suggestive endocrine phenotypes for any hormonal ailment; (2) Radiological appearance of suspected/confirmed (primary or secondary) adrenal malignancy, adrenal cysts, or myelolipomas; (3) Endocrine assays consistent with active endocrine tumors. Protocol of assessment included baseline ACTH, morning plasma cortisol (C-B), cortisol at 6 p.m. (C-6 pm), and after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression testing (C-1 mg-DST), 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC), and a second opinion for all CT scans. MACS were defined based on C-1 mg-DST ≥ 1.8 and <5 µg/dL (non-MACS: C-1 mg-DST < 1.8 µg/dL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort (N = 60, 78.33% female; 60.72 ± 10.62 y) associated high blood pressure (HBP) in 66.67%, respectively, type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 28.37% of the patients. Females were statistically significantly older than males (62.40 ± 10.47 vs. 54.62 ± 9.11 y, <i>p</i> = 0.018), while subjects with unilateral vs. bilateral tumors (affecting 26.67% of the individuals) and those with MACS-positive vs. MACS-negative profile had a similar age. Body mass index (BMI) was similar between patients with unilateral vs. bilateral incidentalomas, regardless of MACS. Patients were divided into five age groups (decades); most of them were found between 60 and 69 years (40%). Left-gland involvement was found in 43.33% of all cases. The mean largest tumor diameter was 26.08 ± 8.78 mm. The highest rate of bilateral tumors was 46.67% in the 50-59 y decade. The rate of unilateral/bilateral and tumor diameters was similar in females vs. males. The MACS-positive rate was similar in females vs. males (23.40% vs. 23.08%). A statistically significant negative correlation (N = 60) was found between BMI and C-B (r = -0.193, <i>p</i> = 0.03) and BMI and UFC (r = -0.185, <i>p</i> = 0.038), and a positive correlation was found between","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment in Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Zaure Dushimova, Yerbolat Iztleuov, Gulnar Chingayeva, Abay Shepetov, Nagima Mustapayeva, Oxana Shatkovskaya, Marat Pashimov, Timur Saliev","doi":"10.3390/diseases13060167","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13060167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. While prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has improved early detection, it has also led to significant challenges regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Overdiagnosis involves identifying indolent tumors unlikely to affect a patient's lifespan, while overtreatment refers to unnecessary interventions that can cause adverse effects such as urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and a reduced quality of life. This review highlights contributing factors, including the limitations of PSA testing, advanced imaging techniques like multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI), medical culture, and patient expectations. The analysis emphasizes the need for refining screening protocols, integrating novel biomarkers (e.g., PCA3, TMPRSS2-ERG), and adopting conservative management strategies such as active surveillance to minimize harm. Risk-based screening and shared decision-making are critical to balancing the benefits of early detection with the risks of unnecessary treatment. Additionally, systemic healthcare factors like financial incentives and malpractice concerns exacerbate overuse. This review advocates for updated clinical guidelines and personalized approaches to optimizing patient outcomes while reducing the strain on healthcare resources. Addressing overdiagnosis and overtreatment through targeted interventions will improve the quality of life for PCa patients and enhance the efficiency of healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine Intake from Universal Salt Iodization Programs and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea, Alejandro Castellanos-Pinedo, Ivonne A Meza-Cabrera, María V Pinzón-Fernández, Karen Urrego-Noguera, Hernando Vargas-Sierra","doi":"10.3390/diseases13060166","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13060166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is characterized by the loss of tolerance to thyroid autoantigens [thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg)], usually identifying circulating antibodies (Abs) against these thyroid autoantigens (TPOAb and/or TgAb), together with a significant lymphocytic infiltration, causing an increased risk of hypothyroidism. Among the multiple mechanisms described for the development of HT is the nutritional status of several micronutrients, including iodine. Iodine deficiency or excess is associated with thyroid function disorders and, likely, thyroid autoimmunity. Thus, iodized salt intake [especially through universal salt iodization (USI) programs] may be influencing the prevalence of HT. The objectives of this systematic review are to describe and analyze changes over time in the prevalence of HT following the implementation of USI programs.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The following databases were consulted for articles published from January 1965 to January 2025: Pubmed/Medline; ProQuest; Scopus; Biosis; Web of Science; and Google Scholar. The search terms were as follows: \"iodine\", \"salt\", \"intake\", \"prevalence\", AND Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Only English language articles were taken into account, and each of them was scrutinized according to the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Only those studies in which the design, study population, number of participants, country, evaluation post-USI (years)<i>,</i> and the prevalence of thyroid Abs positivity were described were included. In total, 74 studies were identified, of which 31 evaluated thyroid Abs values post-USI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Excess iodine intake, mediated by USI programs without an adequate follow-up and monitoring plan, may explain (at least in part) the prevalence and distribution of HT; therefore, it is a real challenge to establish a balance between healthy salt intake, USI program strategies, and possible functional outcomes and thyroid autoimmunity in the population.</p><p><strong>Registration number: </strong>INPLASY202540074.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships Among Childhood Bullying, Academic Satisfaction, and Mental Health Outcomes in Adults with Disabilities.","authors":"Bryan R Christ, Bani Malhotra, Ghizlane Moustaid, Olivia Chapman, Paul B Perrin","doi":"10.3390/diseases13060165","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13060165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose/objective: </strong>Children with disabilities are at a greater risk of being bullied and experience mental health and academic problems that may persist in adulthood. This study examined the association of childhood bullying experiences with current mental health (anxiety and depression) among adults with disabilities, and whether academic satisfaction mediated the relationship between childhood bullying and adult mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Research method/design: </strong>A sample of 409 adult participants with disabilities who had had their disabilities while attending school, and currently, completed an online survey assessing bullying experiences (California Bullying Victimization Scale-Retrospective), academic satisfaction (Academic Satisfaction Scale), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). Bivariate correlations and two mediation analyses were conducted to identify the direct and indirect effects of school bullying experiences on current mental health outcomes, via academic satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported a moderate amount of childhood bullying and relatively high levels of depression and anxiety symptomology (with averages close to or exceeding clinical cutoffs of 10). Bivariate correlations among the four variables were all significantly moderately or strongly correlated. Bullying and academic satisfaction had direct associations with depression and anxiety. Academic satisfaction partially mediated the relationships between bullying and both mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications: </strong>Bullying prevention interventions and programs, especially geared toward preventing bullying in students with disabilities, are critical to stop the likely long-term impacts of bullying on mental health outcomes in disabled communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Developments in Rare Ovarian Carcinosarcoma: Literature Review and Case Report.","authors":"Alexandra Nienhaus, Elena Bernad","doi":"10.3390/diseases13060163","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13060163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Objectives:</b> Ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS) is a rare gynecologic malignancy defined by both epithelial and mesenchymal components, generally associated with advanced clinical stage and poor outcomes. We present a 66-year-old patient initially presenting with right iliac vein thrombosis, ultimately diagnosed with OCS, and place these findings in context with a focused literature review from 2000 through to 2024. <b>Methods:</b> A comprehensive account of the patient's clinical course-spanning diagnostic imaging, surgical pathology, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and interval debulking-was combined with a review of the current data on OCS pathogenesis, treatment protocols, and outcomes. <b>Results:</b> The patient's tumor showed predominantly sarcomatous histology (approximately 90%) with high-grade serous features, responded to platinum/taxane chemotherapy, and was resected to no visible residual disease. The updated literature indicates that the majority of OCS cases present at advanced stages (often exceeding 60%), with suboptimal cytoreduction closely tied to worse prognosis. Up to 64% of tumors may harbor homologous recombination deficiency, offering a rationale for PARP inhibitor therapy; nonetheless, five-year survival rarely surpasses 45% in most series. <b>Conclusions:</b> Despite its aggressive course, optimal debulking surgery plus platinum-based chemotherapy remain central in treating OCS. Emerging molecular insights highlight homologous recombination deficiency and BRCA mutations as potential therapeutic targets. Multidisciplinary care and future prospective studies are key to improving long-term outcomes in this challenging malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Patient Education Interventions to Oncological Entero-Urostomy Patients and Caregivers: A Small Sample Size Pilot Study.","authors":"Alessandro Spano, Fabrizio Petrone, Emanuele Di Simone, Aurora De Leo, Paolo Basili, Irene Terrenato, Maria Antonietta Picano, Marco Piergentili, Albina Paterniani, Laura Iacorossi, Nicolò Panattoni","doi":"10.3390/diseases13060164","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13060164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient education (PE) is an integral part of treatment from taking charge to the care, assistance, and rehabilitation of the patient, and consists of structured, organised actions, the orientation of which is aimed at finding solutions supported by scientific evidence.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This prospective, descriptive, exploratory, single-centre pilot study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a PE intervention for oncological patients with entero-urostomies and their caregivers through the measurement of quality of life, perceived needs, and caregiver burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in a National Cancer Institute between 22 December 2022 and 31 March 2023, and it was organised into three specific therapeutic education event days relative to the real needs measured by the patients and caregivers before it.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results seem to suggest that the PE intervention in entero-urostomy patients improves their quality-of-life levels, while caregivers' perceived emotional burden levels are reduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Targeted and individualised PE interventions positively affect self-care and quality of life in patients with an entero-urostomy and the emotional burden perceived by caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Case of Essential Thrombocythemia and Acute Kidney Injury: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Celia Rodríguez Tudero, Alberto Martín Arribas, Patricia Antúnez Plaza, José C De La Flor, Alexandra Lizarazo Suárez, María Pilar Fraile Gómez","doi":"10.3390/diseases13050162","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13050162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of megakaryocytes and sustained thrombocytosis. Although its impact on renal function is not well established, a few case reports have described glomerular involvement and associated kidney impairment.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present the case of a 79-year-old man with ET and stage 3b/A2 chronic kidney disease (CKD), who was admitted with severe acute kidney injury (AKI). This episode was associated with a progressive rise in platelet count, reaching 1,350,000/μL after discontinuation of anagrelide and loop diuretics. Renal biopsy (RB) revealed structural lesions compatible with a myeloproliferative neoplasm, including acute tubular necrosis (ATN), glomerulomegaly, and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea and corticosteroids was initiated, resulting in improvement of renal function and achievement of complete hematologic remission.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>During follow-up, a linear correlation was observed between increasing platelet counts and declining renal function, underscoring the need for dynamic therapeutic adjustment and close monitoring to prevent progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of nephrological evaluation in patients with ET and supports the role of cytoreductive therapy in managing ET-associated renal complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sex and Race on Epidemiology and Comorbidities of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Rome III Era Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jacqueline Liu, Kathleen Cheng, Yu Lu, Howard Cabral, Horst Christian Weber","doi":"10.3390/diseases13050161","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13050161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) with a negative impact on quality of life and healthcare expenditure. This study aimed to investigate sex-based differences in a large cohort of IBS patients from a multiracial safety-net hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic query was performed using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) coding to identify 740 outpatients with IBS between 1 January 2005 and 30 September 2007. Demographic data and ICD-9 coded comorbidities were extracted from electronic records. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comorbid anxiety and depression were significantly more prevalent in female patients (A:24%, <i>p</i> = 0.03; D:29%, <i>p</i> = 0.008) compared with male patients. White female IBS patients had a higher risk for anxiety but not depression compared with non-White patients (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Female sex (<i>p</i> = 0.02), obesity (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and age above fifty (<i>p</i> = 0.02) but not race/ethnicity were significant risk factors for depression. IBS with constipation was more prevalent in female patients (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and in Hispanic compared with non-Hispanic patients (<i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant sex-based and racial/ethnic differences were identified related to body mass index (BMI), age, and IBS subtypes in this study. Comorbid mood disorders occurred significantly more frequently in female patients, and risk factors for comorbid depression included female sex, older age, and obesity but not race/ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of Traditional Medicinal Plants to African Women's Health: An Overview of the Literature.","authors":"Fatiha Brahmi, Florence Kampemba Mujinga, Naima Guendouze, Khodir Madani, Lila Boulekbache, Pierre Duez","doi":"10.3390/diseases13050160","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13050160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> In many African areas, herbal products still represent a significant source of healthcare. However, a major gender bias is evident in the literature, as most of the work is carried out by male researchers, collecting data from male traditional practitioners, and thus often neglecting women's specific health issues. This warrants a detailed review of the current knowledge about the major medicinal plants historically and still used for women's health. <b>Objective:</b> This study aims to compile and critically analyze published data on the use of traditional herbal remedies by African women in addressing specific health conditions, in order to evaluate the potential of traditional medicine as a viable alternative or complementary approach to modern healthcare for women globally. <b>Methods:</b> Data were retrieved from databases by combining the following relevant keywords: \"abortion, adverse, Africa, attendant, birth, botanical, delivery, developing, drug, ethnomedicine, ethnopharmacology, folk, gynecological, healing, infertility, herb, indigenous, lactation, medicine, native, obstetric, phytomedicine, plant, pregnancy, remedy, side, sub-Saharan, traditional, treatment, women\". <b>Results:</b> More than 125 studies, carried out across 12 African nations, revealed that up to 80% of African women resort to herbal medicines. An estimated 200 medicinally important plant species are reported to be utilized by women in different African countries, including Benin, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. These herbs have many applications, mostly focused on infertility, pregnancy, painful menstruation, breast feeding, breast cancer, and contraception. Interestingly, according to their occurrence of usage, the plants most commonly reported for these conditions that are important to women are ambivalent plants (i.e., used both as foods and medicines) that include <i>Zingiber officinale</i> Roscoe, <i>Allium sativum</i> L., <i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L., and <i>Ricinus communis</i> L. <b>Conclusions:</b> Even though most women, in most African countries, do use traditional medicine, the amount of work published remains quite limited and no data are available in many countries. Therefore, it is desirable to expand African studies in this direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Vitiligo-like Cutaneous Reaction Induced by Ribociclib in Advanced Breast Cancer: An Unusual Case Report from Colombia.","authors":"John Fernando Montenegro, Giovanna Patricia Rivas-Tafurt, Sinthia Vidal-Cañas, Miguel Ángel Diaz-Diaz, Cesar Eduardo Bermudez, Daniel Florez, Andres Felipe Bravo-Gustin, Yamil Liscano","doi":"10.3390/diseases13050158","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diseases13050158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutaneous toxicities associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors are uncommon but may affect treatment adherence. We present the case of a patient with advanced breast cancer who developed vitiligo-like lesions after initiating ribociclib, contributing to the growing evidence of this under-recognized adverse effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present the case of a 72-year-old woman diagnosed in 2007 with early-stage, luminal A, HER2-negative breast cancer, initially treated with surgery and tamoxifen. In 2022, she experienced locoregional recurrence with bone metastases. In January 2023, she began treatment with ribociclib plus letrozole. Two months later, she developed intense pruritus, xerosis, and paresthesia, followed by hypopigmented lesions on her face and upper extremities. Clinical evaluation, supported by photographs and a skin biopsy (led to a diagnosis of ribociclib-induced vitiligo. Management included dose adjustments to the ribociclib and dermatologic treatments, including topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and short courses of oral prednisone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By September 2024, her skin lesions had stabilized and her pruritus improved with a reduced dose of ribociclib (one tablet per day). However, the hypopigmented patches persisted, mainly on her face and extremities. Despite these cutaneous effects, she maintained an acceptable quality of life and continued effective oncologic treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of early recognition and management of ribociclib-related cutaneous toxicities. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to minimize adverse effects without compromising therapeutic efficacy. Further research into the dermatologic manifestations of targeted therapies is needed to optimize patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":72832,"journal":{"name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}