Soumya Mohan, Harrison Holberton, Aaron P. Stebner, Douglas C. Hofmann
{"title":"Assessing the Powder Bed Fusion–Laser Beam Potential of Glass-Forming Alloys Using Single and Multitrack Laser Glazing Experiments","authors":"Soumya Mohan, Harrison Holberton, Aaron P. Stebner, Douglas C. Hofmann","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000Outstanding challenges must be addressed to mature additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for glass-forming alloys (GFA) including increasing as-built densities, limiting cracks and pores, controlling crystallinity within fusion and heat-affected zones (HAZ), and increasing the size of process parameter windows that result in quality materials. The thermal cycles that are unique and specific to AM limit the applicability of research from casting literature under some circumstances. In this work, single-track and multitrack laser glazing experiments performed on four unique suction cast glass-forming compositions provide a means for screening the suitability and relative process window sizes for powder bed fusion–laser beam (PBF–LB) AM of four GFAs in the absence of available powders. The crystallinity of the fusion zone and the HAZ as well as the presence of cracks are observed as process parameters are varied for each alloy. Both conventionally good and conventionally bad glass formers show great potential for PBF–LB processability. Glass-forming ability in and of itself is not a good predictor of PBF–LB printability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202402214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahua He, Dui Zhao, Jian Chen, Tao Yang, Wenting Shao
{"title":"High-Temperature Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of Ti3SiC2/MoSi2 Composite Coatings on Nb–Si-Based Alloys","authors":"Jiahua He, Dui Zhao, Jian Chen, Tao Yang, Wenting Shao","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402924","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The long-term cyclic oxidation behavior of a single MoSi<sub>2</sub> coating, 10%, and 50% Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub>/MoSi<sub>2</sub> composite coatings on Nb–Si-based alloys is systematically investigated. The thermal gravimetric analysis reveal that the single MoSi<sub>2</sub> coating initially exhibits a stable mass change (–3.7 mg cm<sup>−2</sup>) for ≈37 cycles, followed by a rapid increase in mass gain (2.2 mg cm<sup>−2</sup> after 100 cycles). The 50% Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub>/MoSi<sub>2</sub> composite coating demonstrated linear oxidation kinetics with a mass gain of 3.5 mg cm<sup>−2</sup> after 100 cycles. Notably, the 10% Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub>/MoSi<sub>2</sub> composite coating showed superior stability, with minimal mass gain (–2.7 mg cm<sup>−2</sup>) over 100 cycles. The scale formed on the 10% coatings is characterized as compact, dense, and firmly adhered to the substrate, primarily consisting of an amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix interspersed with fine TiO<sub>2</sub> grains. After 100 cycles of cyclic oxidation, both the single MoSi<sub>2</sub> coating and the 50% composite coating exhibited significant degradation and damage at the edges.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical Alloying: An Advanced Processing Route for Development of Iron-Based Oxide-Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys","authors":"Macha Nagini, Budaraju Srinivasa Murty","doi":"10.1002/adem.202401111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202401111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanical alloying (MA) process involving cold welding, fracture, and rewelding of powder particles is a powder metallurgy powder processing technique. Currently, MA technique is one of the most widely used methods to produce oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys. ODS steels are considered as potential candidate materials for high-temperature applications, such as blanket materials for fusion reactors, fuel cladding for Generation IV fission reactors, and blades for gas and ultra-super critical steam turbines due to excellent properties, such as high-temperature strength and resistance to creep, corrosion, oxidation, and neutron irradiation. It is also possible to synthesize alloys with unique constitutional effects, such as supersaturated solid solutions, metastable quasicrystalline and crystalline phases, and amorphous alloys, with this technique. This article reviews recent developments in Fe-based ODS alloys through MA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boosting Wear Performance and Corrosion Resistance by Grain Boundary Framework Reinforcement of NiCu Alloys","authors":"Tianqi Wang, Shengnan Chen, Chao Wang, Jianbo Lei, Yan Fang, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method to strengthen nickel-copper alloys involves introducing nanoparticulate phases to encourage a chain-like structure at grain boundaries. Wear resistance improves through grain refinement, dislocation hindrance, and hard reinforcing phases, while corrosion resistance benefits from blocked corrosion pathways. Nickel-copper (NiCu) and 3, 6, and 9 wt% nanotungsten carbide/nickel copper (WC/NiCu) deposition specimens are prepared by the directed energy deposition technique. Lattice dispersion strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and fine grain strengthening synergistically increase the microhardness of NiCu alloys, and the microhardness of 6 wt% nano-WC/NiCu is increased by 16.3% compared to NiCu-deposited specimens. The coefficient of friction is reduced by 11.1% and the amount of wear is reduced by 84.87% in the ring-block friction and wear experiments at a loading of 150 N. This increase in wear resistance is attributed to the increase in overall hardness and the formation of a hard protective layer of tungsten carbide (WC) within the composite-deposited specimen. The composite's corrosion resistance improves with 29.9% lower corrosion current and 111.2% higher polarization resistance, as precipitated carbides and dense grain boundaries block corrosion channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linlin Zhao, Ju Kang, Tongbang An, Zhilong Cao, Yue Zuo, Chengyong Ma
{"title":"Microstructural Evolution and Fracture Toughness of Welded Joint of 1000 MPa-Grade High-Strength Steel","authors":"Linlin Zhao, Ju Kang, Tongbang An, Zhilong Cao, Yue Zuo, Chengyong Ma","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402673","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure and mechanical behavior of welded joints of 1000 MPa-grade high-strength steel are studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, Charpy impact tests, and crack tip opening displacement tests. The weld metal (WM) primarily comprises interlocking lath bainite and lath martensite, with small amounts of granular bainite and retained austenite in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the welded joints are 1084, 1022 MPa, and 17%, respectively. Both the WM and HAZ have high impact toughness at temperatures of 20 to −80 °C. The HAZ has higher toughness than the WM because of its higher content of retained austenite and high-angle grain boundaries. These factors significantly obstruct crack growth, resulting in good toughness of the entire joint. The critical crack tip opening displacement for the HAZ (0.229 mm) is significantly higher than that of the WM (0.079 mm), indicating that the fracture toughness of the HAZ surpasses that of the WM, which is consistent with the Charpy impact results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deformation Behavior and Strengthening Mechanisms of a Typical Bimodal L12 Precipitates Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloy Over a Wide Range of Strain Rates and Temperatures","authors":"Hongxu Guo, Jianjun Wang, Xiangxiang Tu, Xinyue Han, Binjie Wu, Zhi Wang, Dan Zhao, Zhiming Jiao, Shengguo Ma, Tuanwei Zhang, Zhihua Wang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402479","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nickel-based superalloys with bimodal L1<sub>2</sub> precipitates have been widely used in extreme environments due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, limited studies have focused on the deformation behavior and mechanisms under combined high strain rates and high temperatures. In this study, uniaxial compression experiments were conducted on a typical bimodal L1<sub>2</sub> precipitates strengthened nickel superalloy over a wide range of temperatures (293–1273 K) and strain rates (1 × 10<sup>−</sup><sup>3</sup> s<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>–5 × 10<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>) to reveal the coupling effect of temperature and strain rate on the mechanical behavior. The results show that the mechanical behavior is highly sensitive to temperature and strain rate, with the alloy exhibiting remarkable high temperature strength, particularly under dynamic loading. The third-type strain aging (3rd SA) effect is observed in this alloy, and its underlying mechanism is analyzed. Microstructural characterizations are conducted at various conditions, providing multiscale insight into the intricate relationship between microstructure and property. A transition in dominant deformation mechanisms is observed, shifting from anti-phase boundary dislocation pair shearing to stacking fault as temperature increases. Additionally, a comprehensive diagram is provided to elucidate the deformation mechanisms of the alloy under a wide range of strain rates and temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Hot Extrusion on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Soluble Mg–9Al–1Cu Alloy for Multistage Fracturing","authors":"Yuehua Sun, Jintong Chen, Yujie Fei, Jian Ren, Chengsi Zheng, Mingya Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202403021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202403021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-strength Mg–9Al–1Cu alloy is used as a soluble plugging material for multistage fracturing, and the effect of hot extrusion on its corrosion behavior is analyzed. As-cast (AC) Mg–9Al–1Cu alloy consists of α-Mg, Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub>, and MgAlCu phases. After hot extrusion, grains are obviously refined and average size is reduced from 90.67 to 3.75 μm, coarse Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> and MgAlCu phases are broken and distributed at grain boundaries, and grain orientation changes from random state to obvious {10<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mover>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>¯</mo>\u0000 </mover>\u0000 <annotation>$bar{1}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>0} texture. The corrosion forms of both AC and as-extruded Mg–9Al–1Cu alloys are mainly pitting corrosion, but hot extrusion reduces the corrosion rate attributed to the fine second phases located at the grain boundaries of recrystallized grains and the dense oxide film containing more MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> compound.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming Xie, Zhaoquan Li, Yaopeng Duan, Jing Lin, Gaofeng Fu, Yongliang Mu
{"title":"Compressive Behaviors and Deformation Mechanisms of Open-Cell AlSi Foam","authors":"Ming Xie, Zhaoquan Li, Yaopeng Duan, Jing Lin, Gaofeng Fu, Yongliang Mu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402818","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Open-cell Al<span></span>Si foams with varying cell sizes and pore structures are fabricated using infiltration casting. Foams with uniform cell sizes ranging from 2.0 to 4.0 mm and 1.5 to 2.0 mm exhibit typical open-cell walls. In contrast, a foam with a mixed cell size distribution (1.5 to 4.0 mm) demonstrates improved connectivity but exhibits more structural defects. Quasistatic uniaxial compression tests are performed to evaluate the compressive behavior of the foams. The deformation process and energy absorption mechanisms of three foams are comprehensively analyzed from macroscopic sample scale to pore scale using X-ray computed tomography. The results indicate that foams with smaller cell sizes deform uniformly, with the highest compressive strength of ≈20 MPa, while those with larger cell sizes exhibit localized deformation. The foam with mixed cell sizes and a hybrid scaffold structure (3D skeletal network) displays broader deformation zones and localized deformation, rather than distinct deformation bands.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiqiang Zhang, Shuai Zhuo, Xuecheng Lu, Junpei Yan, Pan Gong, Tiangang Zhang, Dongquan Wu, Hongli Liu
{"title":"Optimization of Process Parameters to Minimize Porosity and Splash in Cold Metal Transfer and Pulse Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of High-Strength Aluminum Alloy","authors":"Zhiqiang Zhang, Shuai Zhuo, Xuecheng Lu, Junpei Yan, Pan Gong, Tiangang Zhang, Dongquan Wu, Hongli Liu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402155","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000This article examines the application of advanced cold metal transfer plus pulse composite arc technology for the thin-walled additive manufacturing of high-strength aluminum alloy AA2024. Response surface methodology is employed to design experiments and variance analysis is utilized to assess the model's reliability. Results are further optimized and validated using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. The focus is on optimizing key process parameters—wire feeding speed, interlayer temperature, protective gas flow rate, and welding wire elongation—to minimize porosity and splash. A comprehensive analysis of parameter interactions is conducted using contour maps and response surface plots. The findings indicate that wire elongation most significantly affects porosity, while wire feeding speed has the greatest impact on splash. The optimized parameters effectively reduce grain size under low heat input conditions, decrease hydrogen-induced porosity and solidification defects, achieving a porosity rate of 0.46% and a splash rate of 0.83%.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of Copper Patterns on a Curved Surface by Direct Laser Metallization from Deep Eutectic Solvents","authors":"Dmitry Shestakov, Evgeniia Khairullina, Andrey Shishov, Ildar Yusupov, Andrey Komlev, Daria Markina, Eduard Danilovskiy, Mingzhao Song, Sergey Makarov, Ilya Tumkin, Lev Logunov","doi":"10.1002/adem.202401652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202401652","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, the fabrication of conductive patterns on curved surfaces with a high-resolution and low-cost manner has attracted higher attention both from the scientific community and industry. Numerous studies were on the development of maskless metallization methods for various non-conductive materials, but few of them have shown results on curved surfaces. Here, we present for the first time the possibility of maskless metallization of a curved surface using direct laser metallization (DLM) from deep eutectic solvents (DES). The degree of shading, scanning speed, and number of scans were optimized for glass substrates with varying degrees of curvature. The obtained copper pattern have controlled roughness, excellent stability, and adhesion. A new milestone was achieved for deposition rate for this method (−18.8 mm s<sup>−1</sup>). The resistivity of the copper layer measured using a four-point probe method is about 0.7 mΩ cm. As a proof of concept, we fabricated radio-frequency identification (RFID)FID tags on the curved silicate glass surface and measured their characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}