Elaine Ng, Leopoldo A. Hernandez, Jianliang Lin, Elizabeth Young-Dohe, Charles R. Sullivan, Alex J. Hanson, Jean Anne C. Incorvia
{"title":"High-Rate Deposition and Characterization Study of CoZrO Films for On-Chip Power Applications","authors":"Elaine Ng, Leopoldo A. Hernandez, Jianliang Lin, Elizabeth Young-Dohe, Charles R. Sullivan, Alex J. Hanson, Jean Anne C. Incorvia","doi":"10.1002/adem.202570043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202570043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>CoZrO Films</b>\u0000 </p><p>A transmission electron micrograph shows the nanostructure and composition of the studied CoZrO films, imagined as the core of an inductor. In article number 2402626, Alex J. Hanson, Jean Anne C. Incorvia, and co-workers develop a high-rate reactive sputtering process for CoZrO films. Characterization reveals that ideal magnetic properties require chemical compositions in a narrow Co:O range and uniform microstructure. This process enables scalable production of high-quality magnetic films for integrated power converter applications. Image created by undergraduate student Zhikai Tang.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202570043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benedict Witulski, Naina Goyal, David Patrun, Fabio Pires, Ziyaad Aytuna, Hamed Alaei, Olav Schiemann, Sanjay Mathur
{"title":"Ag Cluster-Modified K0.5Na0.5NbO3 Piezocatalyst for Enhanced Electrochemical Dinitrogen Reduction Reaction","authors":"Benedict Witulski, Naina Goyal, David Patrun, Fabio Pires, Ziyaad Aytuna, Hamed Alaei, Olav Schiemann, Sanjay Mathur","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500764","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202500764","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efforts in finding alternatives to Haber–Bosch process for chemical synthesis of ammonia still struggle with efficient N<sub>2</sub> activation. Piezoelectric materials are promising cocatalysts to enhance the chemical kinetics of dinitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) reduction through, built-in electric fields, upon mechanical activation, which can modulate the surface electrochemical potential. This work reports on the influence of piezoelectric potassium sodium niobate (K<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub>, KNN) as a lead-free cocatalyst for the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction to ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) under mild conditions, on a silver (Ag) catalyst. For piezoactivation, modified H-cell is engineered with the working electrode (Ag/KNN), enabling external mechanical actuating during electrochemical process. The results demonstrate that transient dipoles generated on the KNN surface through localized electric field improve threefold NH<sub>3</sub> production (3.6 μg h<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>) and a Faradaic efficiency up to 75%. Piezoinfluence is investigated through actuation-induced, linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chronoamperometry, and open-circuit potential measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202500764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of Ni-Based SiC/WS2 Self-Lubricating Composite Coatings by Laser Cladding","authors":"Haoqiang Zhang, Rongxu Li, Jiangkun Zhao, Suoxia Hou, Zhanshan Ma, Lijing Xie","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500610","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202500610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, Ni-based SiC/WS<sub>2</sub> self-lubricating composite coatings are successfully fabricated on 45 steel using laser cladding technology. The analysis includes the examination of phase composition, microstructure, tribological characteristics, and corrosion resistance of the coatings. The results show that the coatings of A1 (5 wt% WS<sub>2</sub>), A2 (7.5 wt% WS<sub>2</sub>), and A3 (10 wt% WS<sub>2</sub>) consists of <i>γ</i> (Fe, Ni) solid solution, Cr<sub>0.19</sub>Fe<sub>0.17</sub>Ni<sub>0.11</sub>, a hard phase (Cr<sub>2</sub><sub>3</sub>C<sub>6</sub>), and lubricating phases (CrS and NiS). The addition of SiC and WS<sub>2</sub> enhances the physical properties of the coatings. Among all coatings, A2 exhibits the highest microhardness of 647.6 HV<sub>0.2</sub>. The coefficient of friction (COF) of the coatings decreases significantly initially and then increases slightly with increasing WS<sub>2</sub> content. The formation of lubricating phases (CrS and NiS) after the incorporation of WS<sub>2</sub> significantly improves the tribological performance of the coatings. Additionally, A2 demonstrates the best corrosion resistance, with a corrosion current density (I<sub>corr</sub>) of 0.44 μA cm<sup>−2</sup> and a corrosion potential (E<sub>corr</sub>) of −0.374 V.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Laser Modulation Strategy for Femtosecond Laser Surface Texturing of Uniform Microcorner Features","authors":"Wenqi Ma, Yuanjin Cong, Chenwei Gao, Junjie Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500538","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202500538","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While laser surface texturing (LST) of adjacent segments with precipitous transition is a common phenomenon, how to realize uniform texturing quality particularly at the precipitous transition point is crucial for achieving the high performance of LST. Herein, the effectiveness of applying adaptive laser frequency modulation scheme in femtosecond LST of acute angles is demonstrated, where laser frequency is adjusted in real time according to laser spot movement speed to achieve a constant spot overlap ratio, despite texture geometry change. First, an experimental platform with synchronized control of galvanometer with laser source is established. Second, the morphological differences of ablated textures by the adaptive frequency modulation scheme and adaptive energy adjustment methods are characterized, and their underlying correlations with characteristics of laser spot movement are further revealed. Third, a linear energy density-based ablation depth prediction model is developed, and its universality under varying high spot overlap ratios is experimentally validated. Finally, the effectiveness of the adaptive frequency modulation in optimizing spatiotemporal coordination in laser–material interaction, as well as addressing abrupt quality degradation in transitional regions, is demonstrated, which accomplish the LST of highly consistent and controllable complex microtextures with acute angles on the laser-mechanical synchronization LST processing platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mirhan Ozdemir, Ugur Simsek, Cemal Efe Gayir, Kadir Gunaydin, Orhan Gulcan
{"title":"An Integrated MATLAB Code for Homogenization-Based Topology Optimization and Generating Functionally Graded Surface Lattices for Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Mirhan Ozdemir, Ugur Simsek, Cemal Efe Gayir, Kadir Gunaydin, Orhan Gulcan","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402567","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202402567","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) lattices are gaining popularity for enhancing structural efficiency in many engineering applications. Functionally graded TPMS structures provide more customized mechanical properties and improved functionality compared to typical homogenous designs by deliberately altering material properties throughout the lattice. This study presents a novel framework by integrating a homogenization-based topology optimization method with functionally graded lattice creation, utilizing a streamlined and versatile MATLAB code. The methodology encompasses several essential phases, including preprocessing, finite element analysis, sensitivity analysis, density filtering, optimization, element density visualization, and lattice reconstruction. These steps facilitate the development of highly efficient lattice structures with varied attributes, rendering them optimal for additive manufacturing and full-scale analysis. To ensure the accuracy of the established methodology, three optimization case studies with different boundary conditions are defined, and the mechanical reactions of the optimized lattice structures in filled with different TPMS structures are extensively validated by comparing them to both full-scale finite element models and experiments. The comparative results demonstrate that the mechanical responses obtained from topological analysis closely correspond to those acquired from full-scale models and experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202402567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Cathode Plasma Electrolysis for Rapid Fabrication of Boronizing Layer on Ti–6Al–4V Titanium Alloy: Enhanced Wear Resistance and Microstructural Characterization","authors":"Yonghua Shen, Dazhao Yu, Xiangyi Liu, Huanwu Cheng","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500731","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202500731","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Ti<sub>2</sub>B<sub>5</sub> boronizing layer on Ti–6Al–4 V titanium (TC4) alloy is prepared using cathode plasma electrolytic method. This technique achieves a breakthrough in processing efficiency while achieving high-hardness coatings with low defect density. A systematic investigation is performed to assess the effects of deposition voltage and deposition time on the microhardness and tribological properties of the Ti<sub>2</sub>B<sub>5</sub> boronizing layer. Due to the coupling effects of the heat evolution and mechanical shock effect, the deposition voltage and deposition time have a significant influence on the thickness and surface morphology. The results show that the microhardness increases approximately linearly with the thickness of the boronizing layer while the sliding coefficient of friction (COF) values are affected by the bonding interaction, thickness, and surface morphologies of the Ti<sub>2</sub>B<sub>5</sub> boronizing layer. Furthermore, the volume wear is found to depend on the microhardness and sliding friction properties of the Ti<sub>2</sub>B<sub>5</sub> boronizing layer. The Ti<sub>2</sub>B<sub>5</sub> boronizing layer deposited under 125 V and 10 min exhibits the highest thickness of 10.5 μm with a dense surface without holes and cracks. Therefore, it possesses the highest microhardness of 1170 HV<sub>0.3</sub>, the lowest COF value of 0.169, and the lowest volume wear of 17.1 E-05 mm<sup>3</sup>, which is 1/80th of the TC4 alloy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anticorrosive Behavior of a Novel Ternary RGO–ZnO–PANI Nanocomposite-Reinforced Epoxy Coating on Mild Steel in Marine Environment","authors":"Anil Kumar, Chandan Das","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202500949","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, a novel corrosion-resistant reduced graphene oxide (RGO)–ZnO–polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite is successfully synthesized by decorating ZnO nanorods onto RGO via ultrasonication, followed by PANI wrapping and incorporated into the epoxy matrix through the solution blending method. Coating morphology, chemical structure, thermal stability, and wettability are analyzed through field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and contact measurements. Among all coatings (EP, EP/RGO, EP/RGO<b>–</b>ZnO, and EP/RGO<b>–</b>ZnO<b>–</b>PANI), the EP/RGO<b>–</b>ZnO<b>–</b>PANI coating exhibits the smoothest surface, highest thermal stability, and enhanced hydrophobicity. The anticorrosive behavior of mild steel (MS) coated with epoxy-based nanocomposite coatings is evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and salt spray tests. PDP results display that the EP/RGO–ZnO–PANI coating provides the highest corrosion protection efficiency (99.98%) in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray tests (ASTM B117) analysis confirms superior long-term corrosion resistance of the ternary composite coating over 45 days immersion in 3.5% NaCl and 1000 h exposure to 5 wt% NaCl, respectively, compared to other coatings. These findings suggest that the synthesized ternary composite is a potential candidate for corrosion protection applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimized Strategy for Fabricating High-Aspect-Ratio Periodic Structures Over Large Areas Using ps-Direct Laser Interference Patterning","authors":"Fabian Ränke, Marcelo Sallese, Marcos Soldera, Ignacio Tabares, Flavio Soldera, Andrés Fabián Lasagni","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500570","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202500570","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work addresses the fabrication of large area high-aspect-ratio micropatterns on stainless steel by means of direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). For this purpose, a novel fabrication strategy is employed, based on multiple over-scans coupled with advanced two-beam interference optics. Periodic line- and cross-like DLIP patterns are fabricated with different aspect ratios (AR) having spatial periods (<i>Λ</i>) of 6.0, 10.0, and 30.0 μm. By varying process parameters, including laser fluence, pulse-to-pulse overlap, and the number of scans, ARs up to 2.4 are achieved. Furthermore, laser-induced periodic surface structures result from the laser treatment, obtaining multiscaled patterns. The effect of the processing parameters on the morphology of the produced patterns is investigated by means of white light interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, 2D fast Fourier transformation, and focused ion beam. Particularly for the multiscan approach, the redeposition of ablated material significantly contributes to structure formation process and shows a strong dependency on the number of applied scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202500570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Development and Utilization of Ecofriendly and High-Performance Materials in the Marine Environment","authors":"Wenke Gao, Dongzhu Lu, Huachuan Wang, Quantong Jiang, Jiawei Li, Chaoqun Li, Yanliang Huang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500149","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202500149","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing exploration and utilization of marine resources worldwide, the demand for high-performance marine materials continues to grow. While, increasingly strict restrictions on carbon emission, climate change, and increasing care about marine biodiversity raise the requirement for materials used in the ocean. The study of marine materials is crucial for advancing marine science and technology, ensuring the safety and reliability of marine engineering structures, improving efficiency, reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emission, and protecting the marine ecological environment. To solve the challenges of the marine engineering, this article comprehensively reviews the current research progress of various types of marine materials, including the composite structural materials, the surface strengthen materials, and the intelligent materials, with a particular focus on the development of high-performance, environmentally friendly, and sustainable aspect of materials. This review provides meaningful attempts of the new marine material development to meet the requirements of era background, it is hoped that researchers in this field can grab the latest achievements and get some inspiration to design better marine materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthias Baltes, Benedikt Holz, Daniel Bruch, Paul Motzki
{"title":"Electronic Control System for Optimized Resonance Operation of Dielectric Elastomer Pumps through Self-Sensing","authors":"Matthias Baltes, Benedikt Holz, Daniel Bruch, Paul Motzki","doi":"10.1002/adem.202501204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202501204","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, a powerful electronic control system is developed for a dielectric elastomer (DE) pump, enabling it to achieve performance levels comparable to existing conventional pumps through resonance operation. The system incorporates a self-sensing approach to reconstruct the load pressure based on the pump's dynamic behavior. Using this approach, an optimal resonance operation is developed, where the resonance frequency adjusts according to the load pressure. This adaptive control strategy enables efficient operation by maintaining the pump in its resonance range, significantly improving energy efficiency and pumping performance. The presented solution highlights the potential of DE pumps to operate effectively without the need for external sensors, making them a promising alternative to conventional pumps for various applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202501204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}