Paul C. Uzoma, Pengyuan Wu, Ningjie Gao, Xiaolei Ding, Fuchun Liu, Oleksiy V. Penkov, Huan Hu
{"title":"Transparent Peelable Films with Ultrawear Resistant and Anti-Ice Functionalities Fabricated via Magnetron Sputtering and Vacuum Plasma Processes","authors":"Paul C. Uzoma, Pengyuan Wu, Ningjie Gao, Xiaolei Ding, Fuchun Liu, Oleksiy V. Penkov, Huan Hu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transparent peelable protective films demand high transparency and high wear resistance. In cold regions, protective films on monitoring devices even demand anti-icing properties to ensure clear vision not blocked by ice. However, inadequate wear resistance resulting from low hardness and ice accumulation on the surface has continued to limit the durability of the films. Therefore, the fabrication of a transparent peelable film with excellent wear resistance and longer icing delay time (IDT) is reported. The film is formed by dual-step polyurethane and acrylic resins spraying on a glass substrate, hard coating deposition, and hydrophobic plasma treatment. The resultant properties that are the combination of higher transmittance (94%), a very low coefficient of friction (0.087), and a longer IDT (≈40 min) for a thin peelable film are rarely reported. These exciting properties are attributed to the strengthening effect of the SiN<sub><i>x</i></sub>/BN nanolayer and the attachment of the hydrophobic fluorocarbon radicals. This film can serve as a protective shield for transparent screens and other delicate devices especially where rough handling is inevitable, an alternative to inorganic fillers in polymer composites for improved hardness, and a choice material for protection against ice accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the Tensile and Fatigue Properties of Quinary Strengthening Phase in Ni-Based Superalloys","authors":"Chuan-Hui Zhang, Ni Lu, Liwu Jiang, Jin Wang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402338","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The embedded atom method potential for the Ni–Al–Co–Ti–Cr quinary alloy is established using the lattice inversion method, confirming that this potential accurately captures the static physical properties of the multielement alloy. The mechanical behavior of the DZ411 alloy at high temperatures is simulated through molecular dynamics, focusing on its tensile strength and fatigue properties. The high-temperature tensile simulations show that as temperature increases, the interatomic forces weaken and the dislocation density significantly decreases, leading to a notable drop of ultimate tensile strength. Fatigue tests conducted at various temperatures for 15 cycles reveal that at room temperature, the internal structure gradually deteriorates under repeated loading, reducing its tensile strength. At high temperatures, due to the predominance of elastic deformation, the mechanical properties exhibit minimal variance before and after loading. During the compression process, the alloy exhibits characteristics of the face-cubic-centered structure and formed hexagonal-close-packed structure on the (111) crystal plane, which ensures that the stress–strain curve maintains a consistent shape throughout the compression process. This work deepens the understanding of the mechanical performance changes of the DZ411 alloy under extreme conditions, providing theoretical guidance for the performance optimization of high-temperature alloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shabas Ahammed Abdul Jaleel, Mohamad Alayli, Seongsu Cheon, Seunghyun Baik
{"title":"Independent Control of Electrical and Thermal Properties of Polymer Composites for Low Thermal Resistance Interface Materials","authors":"Shabas Ahammed Abdul Jaleel, Mohamad Alayli, Seongsu Cheon, Seunghyun Baik","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402732","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrically insulating thermal interface materials (TIMs) are desired for certain applications to avoid electrical current leakage. However, it is more challenging to achieve high thermal conductivity (<i>κ</i>) due to the noncoalescing nature of ceramic particles. Herein, the independent control of electrical and thermal conductivity of TIMs is reported, with the aid of low-temperature coalescing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), enhancing <i>κ</i>, and decreasing total thermal resistance (<i>R</i><sub>t</sub>) while retaining electrical insulation. The leakage-free functionalized phase-change material (OP) is employed as a matrix. The interaction between aluminum nitride (AlN) particles and OP induces the highest surface energy and intrinsic adhesion energy, compared with other ceramic particles, resulting in the lowest elastic modulus and <i>R</i><sub>t</sub>. The <i>κ</i> (1.7 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>) and <i>R</i><sub>t</sub> (80.1 mm<sup>2</sup> K W<sup>−1</sup>) of the OP-AlN are further improved by the AgNP decoration (OP-AlN/Ag). The AlN particles are coalesced by the exquisitely functionalized AgNPs (3 vol%), suppressing electrical conductivity (<10<sup>−9</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup>). The <i>κ</i> is increased by 58% (2.7 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>) and <i>R</i><sub>t</sub> is decreased by 44% (45.0 mm<sup>2</sup> K W<sup>−1</sup>). The independent electrical/thermal pathway control may prove useful for electrically insulating but thermally highly conducting TIMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Passive Acoustic Metamaterials for Low Frequencies—Theories, Types, Testing, and Future Directions","authors":"Saad Akram, Asif Israr","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402270","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metamaterials, engineered to exhibit unique properties, not found in natural materials, are a key focus of modern scientific research. Acoustic metamaterials are designed to manipulate or attenuate acoustic waves. Early designs of acoustic metamaterials show promising results in attenuating sound waves in medium and high-frequency ranges but lack effectiveness for low frequencies. In recent years, there has been a shift toward the research of passive acoustic metamaterials, designed for low frequencies, with a trend toward additive manufacturing for ease of fabrication. Over 45 acoustic design theories have been reviewed, along with 112 low-frequency acoustic metamaterials designed in the last 5 years. This comprehensive review ensures the validity and reliability of present findings and equips the knowledge to select the most appropriate acoustic theory, metamaterial type, and testing standards for analyzing metamaterial. The article also discusses computational methods in the design process and compares various existing metamaterial designs and their applications in areas like environmental noise reduction, sound isolation, and other health-related applications. Finally, it reviews testing methods for experimental verification of acoustic metamaterials. This article aims to steer the future course of metamaterial science by integrating a wide range of research, instilling confidence in the validity and reliability of present findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wentian Shi, Bo Liu, Jie Li, Yuwei Zhang, Shangguo Cao, Wensong Jiang
{"title":"Numerical Simulation and Mechanical Property Evaluation of Novel Ti6Al4V BCCZ Lattice Structures Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with Various Bracing Positions","authors":"Wentian Shi, Bo Liu, Jie Li, Yuwei Zhang, Shangguo Cao, Wensong Jiang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>By adding vertical bracings at the nodes of the body-centered cubic (BCC) unit cell diagonal pillars, at the midpoints between the nodes and the pillar endpoints, at the quarter points near the endpoints, and at the endpoints, four new types of BCCZ unit cell structures are designed. Employing laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), two sets of Ti6Al4V lattice structures with 75 and 85% porosities are produced. The mechanical properties, deformation failure modes, and energy absorption of the BCC and the novel body-centered cubic (BCCZ) under uniaxial compression are investigated, followed by comparative analysis. The study reveals the position of vertical bracings within the unit cell influences the mechanical behavior of lattice structures. Under the same porosity, the BCCZ-3 exhibits the best mechanical performance, while the BCC shows the lowest. The energy absorption capacity of the BCCZ-3 is significantly higher than the other four structures. The energy absorption rates of A-BCCZ-3 and B-BCCZ-3 are 24.19 times and 15.08 times higher than that of the BCC, respectively, and 13.67 times and 8.27 times higher than BCCZ-1. These findings indicate that the novel BCCZ structures have significant potential for load-bearing applications compared to the conventional BCC and BCCZ lattice structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microstructural Evolution and Properties of ZrB2-Reinforced AA6111 Aluminum Matrix Composites Subjected to Double-Sided Friction Stir Processing","authors":"GongLin Wang, Hui Li, XinYao Wang, CaiZhi Sun, Lei Jiao, XiaoLong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Single-sided friction stir processing (S-FSP), owing to its intrinsic structural characteristics, including the advancing side and the retreating side and the nonuniformity of attributes, restricts the enhancement of the strength of aluminum composite materials. Herein, the preparation of AA6111/ZrB<sub>2</sub> aluminum matrix composites, 4 mm in thickness, via an in situ autogenous casting process is presented. The composites undergo double-sided FSP (D-FSP) with varying parameters, utilizing an orthogonal test method. In these findings, it is indicated that the mean grain size of the nugget zone (NZ) post D-FSP is reduced from 5.56 μm in S-FSP to 4.65 μm, the percentage of low-angle grain boundaries diminishes from 31.4% to 26.9%, and the recrystallized structure escalates from 49.7% to 65.2%. At a rotational speed of 1000 r min<sup>−1</sup> and a processing speed of 40 mm min<sup>−1</sup>, the average hardness of the NZ of D-FSP is augmented by 6.3% relative to S-FSP; the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the material are enhanced by 1.6% and 31.7%, respectively, compared to S-FSP, while the product of strength and elongation is increased by 33.2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giyoung Son, Dongwon Seo, Dongjun Kim, Seokjin Kim, Jimin Kong, Kyounghwan Kim, Jihoon Chung
{"title":"Capacitive Structure-Based Acoustic Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Advanced Warning Sound Recognition","authors":"Giyoung Son, Dongwon Seo, Dongjun Kim, Seokjin Kim, Jimin Kong, Kyounghwan Kim, Jihoon Chung","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402442","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sound is a powerful communication tool that outperforms visual signals in emergencies. However, research on sound energy harvesting has been limited because of its relative weakness as an ambient energy source. The development of sensitive and efficient energy harvesting technologies is crucial for human safety applications. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are energy-harvesting devices that generate electrical signals through mechanical movement. However, previous studies have used conventional vertical contact separation mode structures, which rely solely on the membrane surface charge. A breakthrough is needed to increase their sensitivity and ensure long-term usability. Herein, a capacitive-structure-based noncontact acoustic TENG (CS-TENG) is developed. Electrical analysis demonstrates high sensitivity and improved voltage and current. CS-TENG outperforms conventional A-TENGs at 90 dB, achieving maximum peak voltages and currents of over 59.74 and 85.1%, respectively. CS-TENG accurately detects human voices, frequency warning sounds, and reality warning sounds with 95, 99, and 100% accuracy, making it suitable for industries with limited visual information.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Shi, Ming Zhang, Gaowu Qin, Erlin Zhang, Bing Bai
{"title":"CuO/Cu2O Coatings via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation on Ti–4.5Cu Alloy: A Synergistic Approach to Antibacterial Properties and Cytocompatibility","authors":"Chang Shi, Ming Zhang, Gaowu Qin, Erlin Zhang, Bing Bai","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000In this article, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is applied to Ti–4.5Cu alloy to prepare a Cu<sub>2</sub>O/CuO containing coating to improve the antimicrobial properties and cytocompatibility. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to characterize the surface microstructure as well as the elemental valence states, and electrochemical tests and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy are used to determine the corrosive properties and Cu-ion release behavior, and the antimicrobial properties are evaluated by plate counting method and the cytotoxicity is evaluated by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. In the results, it is shown that PEO treatment significantly improves the hardness, hydrophilicity, roughness, corrosion resistance, and accelerated Cu-ion release. In the plate counting method results, it is shown that the antimicrobial capacity of Ti–4.5Cu alloys is significantly increased to >99.9% after the PEO treatment due to multiple effects of the release of Cu ions and the formation of Cu<sub>2</sub>O and CuO. Furthermore, PEO treatment promotes the proliferation of L929 cells while the surface morphology after sandblasting has a further value-added effect on cell adhesion. It is concluded that Cu ion and the surface morphology play a decisive role in the adhesion and proliferation of the cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiheng Tai, Yongqiang Yang, Jiale Lv, Yang Wei, Xiaoqi Chen, Guijun Bi, Jie Chen, Lijia Chen, Wei Zhou, Vyacheslav Trofimov, Di Wang
{"title":"Impact of Layering Strategies on the Properties of In Situ Synthesized TiN/TC4 Laminated Materials via Laser-Directed Energy Deposition","authors":"Zhiheng Tai, Yongqiang Yang, Jiale Lv, Yang Wei, Xiaoqi Chen, Guijun Bi, Jie Chen, Lijia Chen, Wei Zhou, Vyacheslav Trofimov, Di Wang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402473","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) additive manufacturing presents significant advantages for fabricating laminated materials with enhanced mechanical properties. This study investigates the in situ synthesis of TiN/TC4 laminated materials, developed using different layering strategies in the LDED process under alternating atmospheres of pure argon and nitrogen–argon gas mixtures. The effects of these layering strategies on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the synthesized materials are systematically analyzed. As the proportion of in situ synthesized layers increases, significant microstructural evolution is observed: the average grain size increases, the structure transitions from a Widmanstätten pattern to a basketweave structure, and the grain morphology shifts from columnar to equiaxed crystals. Correspondingly, the elongation at fracture decreases, while tensile strength initially increases and then declines. Notably, the 2-1 layering strategy achieves a peak tensile strength of 1135.0 ± 26.8 MPa, reflecting a 21.6% improvement compared to titanium alloy samples fabricated in a pure argon atmosphere. This study highlights the versatility of combining LDED with controlled deposition atmospheres to enable the tailored synthesis of laminated materials. The ability to manipulate microstructure and mechanical properties through specific layering strategies offers significant potential for advancing the development and application of high-performance laminated materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Ge Zhang, Bo Yuan Wang, Bingcheng Zhu, Ya Lun Sun, Han Wei Tian, Qiu Cen Hu, Zaichen Zhang, Tie Jun Cui, Wei Xiang Jiang
{"title":"High-Speed Laser-to-Microwave Wireless Transmissions through Dual-Band Time-Domain Optoelectronic Metasurface","authors":"Xin Ge Zhang, Bo Yuan Wang, Bingcheng Zhu, Ya Lun Sun, Han Wei Tian, Qiu Cen Hu, Zaichen Zhang, Tie Jun Cui, Wei Xiang Jiang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402989","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000Radio and optical signals are two different carriers with their own distinctive features, and their efficient conversion is pivotal to achieve better performance and wider applications in information transmission. Unlike the conventional radio-over-fiber system based on fiber and circuit technologies, herein a laser-to-microwave wireless transmission scheme is proposed by dual-band time-domain optoelectronic metasurface. By integrating the high-speed positive-intrinsic-negative diodes and meticulously designed photoelectric circuit into the metasurface, the amplitude and phase of the reflected microwaves at different frequency bands can be modulated quickly by laser intensities. Therefore, the on–off keying (OOK) laser can be modulated directly onto the phase shift keying (PSK) and amplitude shift keying (ASK) microwaves on one platform, achieving seamless laser-to-microwave transmissions. As a demonstration, a metasurface-based hybrid wireless communication system is constructed, in which the data can be transmitted through OOK laser signal and received through ASK and PSK microwave signals. Based on the basic signal modulation format, 2.5 Mbps communication rate can be achieved over the hybrid link. This work will be of great benefit to design novel spatial photoelectric devices and wireless communication systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}