{"title":"Stress Relaxation Stability of (Nb, W) Coalloying TiAl-Based Alloys at Different Temperatures of 500–800 °C and Different Initial Stresses of 300–600 MPa","authors":"Mingxu Zhang, Shulin Dong, Yingdong Qu, Ruirun Chen, Shibing Liu, Guanglong Li, Wei Zhang, Siruo Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202401773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202401773","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000In order to explore the feasibility of (Nb, W) coalloying TiAl-based alloy and high Nb–TiAl-based alloy as high-temperature fasteners, Ti–44Al–4Nb–1W–0.1B alloy, and Ti–44Al–8Nb–0.1B alloy are chosen as the experimental material. The stress relaxation stability of two alloys is judged by stress–time curves under different stress and temperature. The results show that at 500, 600, 700 °C, and initial stress 300 MPa, the stress of two alloys first quickly increases and then maintains stability. However, at 800 °C and different initial stresses of 300, 450, and 600 MPa, the stress of two alloys first quickly decreases, and then slowly decreases. At 600 MPa, the stress of two alloys both drops to zero quickly. The factors increasing stress are work-hardening and solid-solution strengthening. The factors decreasing stress are dynamic recrystallization, B2 phase coordination, and phase transition. It is found that the Schmidt factor of the B2 phase is higher, thus producing a good stress–strain coordination effect. It is also found that the volume fraction of dynamic recrystallization is small under all these conditions, approximately less than 3.3%.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recycled Ferromagnetic Fillers Endow Excellent Magnetic Field Tunable Viscosity and Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding within Elastomer Composites","authors":"Debabrata Ganguly, Debottam Goswami, Abhijit Bera, Bhanu Bhusan Khatua, Santanu Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402489","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report the integration of an unconventional filler ferrosilicon nitride (FSN), within two elastomers, to develop composites having concurrent magnetic field-tunable viscosity and electromagnetic radiation shielding capabilities. FSN is a refractory ceramic which possesses a soft ferromagnetic nature and low electrical conductivity at room temperature. Moreover, a porous microstructure and light weight nature enables FSN to disperse uniformly within elastomers, making it an attractive magnetically active filler, a domain that remains unexplored. Recycled FSN, possessing an irregular morphology was integrated at varying parts per hundred rubber within hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), and liquid silicone rubber (SR), possessing different values of stiffness. FSN displays good dispersion within the HNBR matrix leading to improved mechanical properties; however, minor agglomeration occurs within the softer SR. The fillers align well with an external magnetic field sweep of 0 ↔ 1 T, effectively altering the viscosity values by 42% in the HNBR and 59.3% in the SR. Furthermore, the composites demonstrate excellent electromagnetic radiation shielding across the X and Ku bands. The primary mode of shielding was absorption through resonance in the magnetic particles, with a subdued reflection component. Thus, recycled FSN can be capitalized where functionality should complement sustainability and 3R targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elastic-Wave Propagation in Chiral Metamaterials: A Couple-Stress Theory Perspective","authors":"Shahin Eskandari, Wanmin Xu, Slight Chen, Bilen Emek Abali, Valérie Orsat, Abdolhamid Akbarzadeh","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402299","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chiral metamaterials, lacking centrosymmetry at the unit cell level, exhibit acoustic activity and are promising candidates for elastic-wave manipulation. For numerical analysis, their complex structures require substantial computational resources, making wave propagation simulations of chiral metamaterials challenging. Well-known homogenization methods, based on the classical Cauchy continuum, fail to predict acoustic activity in chiral metamaterials. This failure is due to the use of even-order material property tensors, which only account for centrosymmetric behavior, overlooking the intrinsic chirality and microrotations essential for tailored acoustic responses. In this study, augmented asymptotic homogenization based on couple-stress theory (CST) is employed. The governing partial differential equations involve second- and fourth-order spatial derivatives of displacements. Herein, their solution is demonstrated both analytically in a closed form for the low-frequency range and numerically using COMSOL Multiphysics, employing the equation-based module. The homogenized results are verified by comparing with band diagram and polarization rotation analysis results derived from conducting a computationally expensive detailed modelling. The analytical and numerical results are closely aligned with the predictions of the detailed modelling in the low-frequency domain, indicating that asymptotic homogenization with CST offers an efficient and accurate method for predicting the acoustic activity of rationally designed chiral metamaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202402299","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harold Philipsen, Mattia Pasquali, Niel Geraerts, Silvia Armini
{"title":"Wet-Chemical Etching of Metals for Advanced Semiconductor Technology Nodes: Cu Recess Etching and Electrochemistry of Nanopatterned Metal Electrodes","authors":"Harold Philipsen, Mattia Pasquali, Niel Geraerts, Silvia Armini","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanopatterned electrodes (nominal trench width = 45 nm) have been generated to enable electrochemical measurements of metals in a damascene integration scheme. Fabrication is done at 300 mm wafer scale using standard semiconductor technology processes. A morphological characterization of a wet-chemical Cu digital etching process is performed using transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, both of which provide insights into the material properties and surface features. Results reveal that recess depth increases linearly with etching cycles and indicate pit formation on the Cu surface. To validate the backside contact approach, electrical and electrochemical measurements of both Cu-filled and Ru-coated nanopatterned electrodes are performed, which show the typical metal behavior. As an application, the surface coverage of self-assembled monolayer modified Cu in damascene trenches is investigated by measuring cyclic voltammograms in an alkaline solution, demonstrating the quality of passivation using a test structure for which all materials (conductor metal, barrier/liner, and low-<i>k</i> dielectric) relevant for the application area-selective deposition are present.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziyan Zhao, Qian Qi, Xuejian Liu, Zhengren Huang, Yan Liu
{"title":"Effect of SiC Particle Size on the Properties of TiSi2/SiC Composites Semiconductor Fabricated by Liquid Infiltration of Ti–Si Eutectic Alloy","authors":"Ziyan Zhao, Qian Qi, Xuejian Liu, Zhengren Huang, Yan Liu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402449","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel type of semiconductor TiSi<sub>2</sub>/SiC composites is fabricated and joined by liquid infiltration of Ti–Si eutectic alloy, and the effect of SiC particle size on the properties of composites is investigated herein. As the SiC particle size increases from 5 to 10 μm, the electrical conductivity of composites at high temperature is improved. The flexural strength of composite increases from 289.37 ± 5.98 to 302.72 ± 10.72 MPa, while the indentation modulus of composites is enhanced from 422.12 ± 21.13 to 469.12 ± 7.62 GPa. The hardness of composite also increases from 27.71 ± 4.72 to 30.94 ± 4.05 GPa. Significantly, to demonstrate the preparation and concurrent joining, multiple stacked SiC/C porous preforms are concurrently reactively infiltrated and joined by liquid Ti–Si eutectic alloy. The shear strength of TiSi<sub>2</sub>/SiC composites joints is measured to be 57.58 ± 2.21 MPa and 69.87 ± 1.92 MPa, with SiC particle size at 5 and 10 μm, respectively. Notably, the diffusion and merging of atoms strengthen the bonds between adjacent particles. Therefore, TiSi<sub>2</sub>/SiC composites with 10 μm SiC present better electrical and mechanical properties. These results provide opportunities to designing, fabricating, and joining TiSi<sub>2</sub>/SiC composites with specific properties in the semiconductor industry, such as the semiconductor vacuum chucks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soumya Mohan, Harrison Holberton, Aaron P. Stebner, Douglas C. Hofmann
{"title":"Assessing the Powder Bed Fusion–Laser Beam Potential of Glass-Forming Alloys Using Single and Multitrack Laser Glazing Experiments","authors":"Soumya Mohan, Harrison Holberton, Aaron P. Stebner, Douglas C. Hofmann","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000Outstanding challenges must be addressed to mature additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for glass-forming alloys (GFA) including increasing as-built densities, limiting cracks and pores, controlling crystallinity within fusion and heat-affected zones (HAZ), and increasing the size of process parameter windows that result in quality materials. The thermal cycles that are unique and specific to AM limit the applicability of research from casting literature under some circumstances. In this work, single-track and multitrack laser glazing experiments performed on four unique suction cast glass-forming compositions provide a means for screening the suitability and relative process window sizes for powder bed fusion–laser beam (PBF–LB) AM of four GFAs in the absence of available powders. The crystallinity of the fusion zone and the HAZ as well as the presence of cracks are observed as process parameters are varied for each alloy. Both conventionally good and conventionally bad glass formers show great potential for PBF–LB processability. Glass-forming ability in and of itself is not a good predictor of PBF–LB printability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202402214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical Alloying: An Advanced Processing Route for Development of Iron-Based Oxide-Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys","authors":"Macha Nagini, Budaraju Srinivasa Murty","doi":"10.1002/adem.202401111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202401111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanical alloying (MA) process involving cold welding, fracture, and rewelding of powder particles is a powder metallurgy powder processing technique. Currently, MA technique is one of the most widely used methods to produce oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys. ODS steels are considered as potential candidate materials for high-temperature applications, such as blanket materials for fusion reactors, fuel cladding for Generation IV fission reactors, and blades for gas and ultra-super critical steam turbines due to excellent properties, such as high-temperature strength and resistance to creep, corrosion, oxidation, and neutron irradiation. It is also possible to synthesize alloys with unique constitutional effects, such as supersaturated solid solutions, metastable quasicrystalline and crystalline phases, and amorphous alloys, with this technique. This article reviews recent developments in Fe-based ODS alloys through MA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boosting Wear Performance and Corrosion Resistance by Grain Boundary Framework Reinforcement of NiCu Alloys","authors":"Tianqi Wang, Shengnan Chen, Chao Wang, Jianbo Lei, Yan Fang, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method to strengthen nickel-copper alloys involves introducing nanoparticulate phases to encourage a chain-like structure at grain boundaries. Wear resistance improves through grain refinement, dislocation hindrance, and hard reinforcing phases, while corrosion resistance benefits from blocked corrosion pathways. Nickel-copper (NiCu) and 3, 6, and 9 wt% nanotungsten carbide/nickel copper (WC/NiCu) deposition specimens are prepared by the directed energy deposition technique. Lattice dispersion strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and fine grain strengthening synergistically increase the microhardness of NiCu alloys, and the microhardness of 6 wt% nano-WC/NiCu is increased by 16.3% compared to NiCu-deposited specimens. The coefficient of friction is reduced by 11.1% and the amount of wear is reduced by 84.87% in the ring-block friction and wear experiments at a loading of 150 N. This increase in wear resistance is attributed to the increase in overall hardness and the formation of a hard protective layer of tungsten carbide (WC) within the composite-deposited specimen. The composite's corrosion resistance improves with 29.9% lower corrosion current and 111.2% higher polarization resistance, as precipitated carbides and dense grain boundaries block corrosion channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linlin Zhao, Ju Kang, Tongbang An, Zhilong Cao, Yue Zuo, Chengyong Ma
{"title":"Microstructural Evolution and Fracture Toughness of Welded Joint of 1000 MPa-Grade High-Strength Steel","authors":"Linlin Zhao, Ju Kang, Tongbang An, Zhilong Cao, Yue Zuo, Chengyong Ma","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402673","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure and mechanical behavior of welded joints of 1000 MPa-grade high-strength steel are studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, Charpy impact tests, and crack tip opening displacement tests. The weld metal (WM) primarily comprises interlocking lath bainite and lath martensite, with small amounts of granular bainite and retained austenite in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the welded joints are 1084, 1022 MPa, and 17%, respectively. Both the WM and HAZ have high impact toughness at temperatures of 20 to −80 °C. The HAZ has higher toughness than the WM because of its higher content of retained austenite and high-angle grain boundaries. These factors significantly obstruct crack growth, resulting in good toughness of the entire joint. The critical crack tip opening displacement for the HAZ (0.229 mm) is significantly higher than that of the WM (0.079 mm), indicating that the fracture toughness of the HAZ surpasses that of the WM, which is consistent with the Charpy impact results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deformation Behavior and Strengthening Mechanisms of a Typical Bimodal L12 Precipitates Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloy Over a Wide Range of Strain Rates and Temperatures","authors":"Hongxu Guo, Jianjun Wang, Xiangxiang Tu, Xinyue Han, Binjie Wu, Zhi Wang, Dan Zhao, Zhiming Jiao, Shengguo Ma, Tuanwei Zhang, Zhihua Wang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402479","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nickel-based superalloys with bimodal L1<sub>2</sub> precipitates have been widely used in extreme environments due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, limited studies have focused on the deformation behavior and mechanisms under combined high strain rates and high temperatures. In this study, uniaxial compression experiments were conducted on a typical bimodal L1<sub>2</sub> precipitates strengthened nickel superalloy over a wide range of temperatures (293–1273 K) and strain rates (1 × 10<sup>−</sup><sup>3</sup> s<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>–5 × 10<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>) to reveal the coupling effect of temperature and strain rate on the mechanical behavior. The results show that the mechanical behavior is highly sensitive to temperature and strain rate, with the alloy exhibiting remarkable high temperature strength, particularly under dynamic loading. The third-type strain aging (3rd SA) effect is observed in this alloy, and its underlying mechanism is analyzed. Microstructural characterizations are conducted at various conditions, providing multiscale insight into the intricate relationship between microstructure and property. A transition in dominant deformation mechanisms is observed, shifting from anti-phase boundary dislocation pair shearing to stacking fault as temperature increases. Additionally, a comprehensive diagram is provided to elucidate the deformation mechanisms of the alloy under a wide range of strain rates and temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}