Hibah Shafeekali, Muhammed Shebeeb C, Murad Ali, Sanjana Chandran, Abdulrahim A. Sajini, Haider Butt
{"title":"Direct Laser Interference Patterning of Graphene in Contact Lenses","authors":"Hibah Shafeekali, Muhammed Shebeeb C, Murad Ali, Sanjana Chandran, Abdulrahim A. Sajini, Haider Butt","doi":"10.1002/adem.202401719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202401719","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores a cost-effective method for creating nanostructures on contact lenses (CLs) as potential wearable sensors. Using direct laser interference patterning, commercially available CLs are coated with graphene ink and ablated with a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser at 30 mJ pulse energy and various tilt angles. The process successfully produces graphene nanostructures on both flat and curved lens surfaces, resulting in a prominent holographic effect. Scanning electron microscopy is used to record groove profiles. Diffraction efficiencies are optimized by varying graphene coating time, achieving a maximum of 0.25%. Contact angle measurements indicate hydrophobicity in the range of 73° to 84.8°. Oxygen permeability, calculated from equilibrium water content measurements, is found to be favorable for corneal health. The Trypan blue assay demonstrates good biocompatibility of the graphene-incorporated lenses. This novel approach offers a promising, commercially viable method for developing CLs that have potential applications as wearable sensors and in ocular diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanhong Zhang, Junming Zhang, Xiaotian Chen, Weidong Yang, Hao Chen, Shunai Che, Lu Han
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polymeric Cellular Structures Based on Bifurcating Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces","authors":"Yanhong Zhang, Junming Zhang, Xiaotian Chen, Weidong Yang, Hao Chen, Shunai Che, Lu Han","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402507","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures hold great potential as mechanical materials due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratios and energy absorption capabilities. However, the limited number of known structural types poses a barrier to a profound comprehension and utilization of their mechanical properties. Herein, the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of eight recently discovered bifurcating TPMS structures characterized by noncubic symmetries are reported. These polymeric metamaterials are fabricated by fused deposition modeling, followed by quasistatic compression tests conducted across multiple loading directions to evaluate their anisotropic mechanical responses. Experimental results show that the bifurcating TPMS structures generally exhibit enhanced strength compared to classical counterparts, particularly in the direction of bifurcating deformation. Additionally, finite-element simulation is employed to simulate the failure behavior and it is found that stress concentration varies in different structures, which is closely related to the geometry types and deformation mechanisms. These results demonstrate the suitability of bifurcating TPMS structures for load-bearing applications and may pave the way for innovative designs and fabrication of efficient lightweight mechanical structures in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Synergistic Desulfurization and Chlorine Resistance of Alkaline Metal Oxides@ZrO2/γ-Al2O3-Loaded Catalysts","authors":"Lei Zhang, Yidan Mu, Ya Chen, Xi Lu, Ruikang Song","doi":"10.1002/adem.202500654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202500654","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, the atmospheric pollutants carbonyl sulfide (COS) and HCl in blast furnace gas are taken as the research object. Catalysts with γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as carrier and alkaline metal oxides as active components are prepared for the synergistic desulfurization and chlorine resistance of blast furnace gas. The results show that the CaO–ZrO<sub>2</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> hydrolysis catalyst has the best performance. The removal rate of COS is maintained at more than 95 wt%, and the maximum can reach 99 wt%, and the overflow rate of H<sub>2</sub>S is also maintained at more than 80%. At the same time, the synergistic desulfurization and chlorine resistance treatment efficiency of CaO–ZrO<sub>2</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> hydrolysis catalyst is maintained at about 90%. This work provides an effective reference for the synergistic removal of acidic and harmful components in actual industrial blast furnace gas.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu Bump Arrays Prepared by the Pulsated Orifice Ejection Method","authors":"Wei Dong, Jianing Liu, Haoyang Liu, Fumin Xu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>By targeting advances in electronic packaging technologies, an innovative strategy has been applied for fabricating bump arrays. Herein, a 3D motion platform is equipped with pulsated orifice ejection method for direct bump deposition. This method enables on-demand bump printing within the orifice diameter range, achieving a deposition accuracy of 6 μm at a bump pitch of 62 μm. The stable jetting process and precise deposition significantly enhance the accuracy and repeatability of bump fabrication. Notably, an increase in substrate temperature improves the shear force of the bump. The 200 μm Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu bump achieves a shear force of 2238.7 mN and forms a scalloped Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> intermetallic compound, thereby improving the reliability of the bump. This method demonstrates significant potential for applications in flip-chip bumping and direct printing of microelectronic components.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miriam Eisenbart, Thomas Hanke, Felix Bauer, Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Kurt Junghanns, Gordian Dziwis, Ladji Tikana, Ashak Mahmud Parvez, Karl Gerald van den Boogaart, Mohsin Sajjad, Valerie Friedmann, Johannes Preußner, Anantha Narayanan Ramakrishnan, Sandy Klengel, Lars-Peter Meyer, Michael Martin, Ulrich Ernst Klotz, Birgit Skrotzki, Matthias Weber
{"title":"KupferDigital: Ontology-Based Digital Representation for the Copper Life Cycle","authors":"Miriam Eisenbart, Thomas Hanke, Felix Bauer, Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Kurt Junghanns, Gordian Dziwis, Ladji Tikana, Ashak Mahmud Parvez, Karl Gerald van den Boogaart, Mohsin Sajjad, Valerie Friedmann, Johannes Preußner, Anantha Narayanan Ramakrishnan, Sandy Klengel, Lars-Peter Meyer, Michael Martin, Ulrich Ernst Klotz, Birgit Skrotzki, Matthias Weber","doi":"10.1002/adem.202401735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202401735","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The copper life cycle comprises numerous stages from the alloy production to the manufacturing and usage of engineered parts until recycling. At each step, valuable data are generated and stored; some are transferred to the subsequent stations. A thorough understanding of the materials’ behavior during manufacturing processes or throughout their product lifetime is highly dependent on a reliable data transfer. If, for example, a failure occurs during the service life, information about the manufacturing route can be of decisive importance for detecting the root cause of the failure. Additionally, the life cycle assessment hinges on the availability of data. Recording and storing interoperable structured data is, therefore, a thriving research field with huge implications for the economic strength of the manufacturing industry. In the Kupfer<i>Digital</i> project, it is demonstrated how an ontology-based data space can be utilized not only as an innovative method for storing and providing interoperable life cycle data but also as a means to enable automated data analysis and evaluation, leading to new insights and the creation of new knowledge using semantic data and technologies. This work illustrates how data recorded at different research facilities can be integrated into one single data space, allowing queries across heterogeneous sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202401735","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compression Fatigue Properties of Closed-Cell Aluminum Alloy Foams Fabricated by Two-Step Foaming Method","authors":"Lipeng Cui, Xinpei Xu, Zan Zhang, Jian Ding, Zixuan Qiu, Yong Li, Xingchuan Xia","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given the widespread applications of aluminum foams, they inevitably undergo cyclic compressive loading during service, and therefore, it is necessary to study their compression fatigue properties. In this work, closed-cell aluminum alloy foams (CAAF) are obtained by two-step foaming method with A356 as the matrix alloy. Pore structures and quasistatic compression properties of the foam are first analyzed. Subsequently, the effect of stress level and porosity on the compression–compression fatigue performances of CAAF is investigated based on quasistatic compression results. The results indicate a decrease in fatigue life of CAAF with increasing stress levels, with distinct trends observed in stages 2 and 3 of the <i>ε</i>–<i>N</i> curves for 80% porosity. Finally, deformation patterns and failure mechanism of internal porosity under compression–compression fatigue loading are analyzed through a combination of macroscopic characterization and finite element simulation. It is observed that CAAF exhibits two primary deformation modes, namely buckling deformation and shear deformation, under compression-fatigue loading. Crack initiation and propagation primarily occur at nonspherical cells and weaker cell struts with increasing strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alicja Krystyna Krella, Andreas Erbe, Michael Johanes, Marta Buszko, Keryan Simaer, Manoj Gupta
{"title":"Damage Development Under Cavitation Erosion and Electrochemical Properties of a New Lightweight Multicomponent Mg–10Li–9Al–6Zn–4Si Alloy","authors":"Alicja Krystyna Krella, Andreas Erbe, Michael Johanes, Marta Buszko, Keryan Simaer, Manoj Gupta","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402189","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new lightweight multicomponent Mg–10Li–9Al–6Zn–4Si alloy is produced using the disintegrated melt deposition method. Its phase structure, mechanical and electrochemical properties, as well as damage growth under cavitation erosion conditions are investigated. X-ray diffraction reveals α-Mg matrix and several intermetallic phases. Microhardness, yield stress, and ultimate compressive strength are higher compared to pure magnesium. The elongation at fracture decreases, remaining at 12%. Electrochemical tests show the alloy to be more noble than pure magnesium. Nevertheless, the corrosion properties in synthetic seawater are typical of magnesium alloys. Cavitation erosion tests are carried out using a cavitating jet device. The aim is to investigate the influence of cavitation erosion and corrosion processes on the growth of defects over time. Short cracks are formed as the tests begin. Nevertheless, despite additional exposures, their growth is effectively blocked by intermetallic phases. The zigzag shape of the short cracks, together with the numerous branches, confirms the fatigue nature of the cavitation erosion phenomenon. Oxidation of the alloy and/or interaction with corrosion processes contribute to very rapid closure of the short cracks. This indicates a good damage tolerance and a good self-healing capacity of the new alloy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soumili Chakraborti, Pratip Sankar Banerjee, Debdipta Basu, Sven Wießner, Gert Heinrich, Amit Das, Shib Shankar Banerjee
{"title":"Elastomers for Soft Electronics: A Review from the Material's Perspective","authors":"Soumili Chakraborti, Pratip Sankar Banerjee, Debdipta Basu, Sven Wießner, Gert Heinrich, Amit Das, Shib Shankar Banerjee","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402458","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elastomers fall in a distinctive class of flexible and soft materials driven by their long-term load-bearing capability under wide range of static and dynamic stresses, high compliance and stretchability, low cohesive energy density, and low glass transition temperature. Attributing to suitable functionalization, elastomers are coming to the fore and are of utmost importance for the soft electronics domain translating into soft robotics, electronic skins, sensors, displays, health monitoring, energy-harvesting devices, etc. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of different classes of elastomers and functional fillers, highlighting their potential to meet the specific requirements of these advanced applications. The current state-of-the-art feasible fabrication–integration technologies of elastomers for soft electronics are highlighted. The fundamental mechanisms for boosting functionality with the help of polymer–filler interactions leading to several effects like the tunnelling effect, disconnection mechanisms in overlapped composites, crack propagation in thin films, and many more are included with theoretical and experimental evidences. Additionally, this review emphasizes the dynamic mechanical properties of smart elastomers, which are crucial for the durability and robustness of stretchable electronics in the real application field. This review finally reveals the potential of elastomers to be used in soft electronics over a diverse range of applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhe-Xuan Wang, Bin Zhang, Ming Wen, Fei Liang, Guang-Ping Zhang
{"title":"Achieving Superior Strength and Ductility of Ni/Ni–W Laminated Composites for Cutting-Edge MEMS Applications","authors":"Zhe-Xuan Wang, Bin Zhang, Ming Wen, Fei Liang, Guang-Ping Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To enhance the reliability of micro-electromechanical system movable components, coarse-grained (CG) Ni/nanocrystalline (NC) Ni–W laminated composites with improved strength and ductility are fabricated herein. Tensile properties and deformation behavior of CG Ni/NC Ni–W laminated composites with varying Ni–W layer thicknesses are investigated. The results indicate that the CG Ni/NC Ni–W laminated composite with a thickness ratio of 40:1 demonstrates a favorable combination of a high tensile strength (886.5 MPa) and an excellent elongation to failure (6.7%) compared to the monolithic Ni and other laminated composites. The improved tensile property is attributed to the coupling effect of the CG Ni and the NC Ni–W layers. The introduction of the heterogeneous structure and the high-strength NC Ni–W layers can enhance the strength. The coordinated deformation between the NC Ni–W and the CG Ni layers increases the necking resistance of the Ni layers, thereby improving the toughness of the laminated composites. This finding offers a potential component selection of the laminated composites and optimization design strategy for enhancing the reliability of components in microelectromechanical system devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brandon Huffman, Behrad Koohbor, Dennis Miller, Subramani Sockalingam, Michael A. Sutton, George Youssef
{"title":"Strain Rate Effect on the Structural Performance of Mathematically Generated Metastructures","authors":"Brandon Huffman, Behrad Koohbor, Dennis Miller, Subramani Sockalingam, Michael A. Sutton, George Youssef","doi":"10.1002/adem.202402627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402627","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Additive manufacturing approaches enable designing and fabricating structures with complex geometries, such as triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattices with unique mechanics. TPMS structures are pursued for impact mitigation for civilian and military applications. Herein, additive manufacturing of TPMS structures (gyroids, Schwarz diamond, and Schwarz primitive) is done using hyperelastic photocurable resin with glass microballoon reinforcements and the strain rate effects on the mechanical responses are investigated. A successful optimization of vat photopolymerization 3D printing is done to realize TPMS structures with modified photocurable resin with up to 20.6 vol% (20 wt%) glass microballoons. An exploratory investigation is performed using a split-Hopkinson pressure bar to test the impact response of bulk samples and TPMS structures. It is found that glass-reinforced hyperelastic resins exhibit favorable mechanical and structural behaviors, motivating comprehensive experimental regimens as a function of strain rates, including quasi-static and low- and moderate-velocity loading scenarios. The results highlight the affinity of gyroid structures to self-contact and relative sliding, enhancing the performance at low strain rates. The primitive TPMS structures outperform the remaining counterparts in the impact loading scenarios based on the structural performance. The outcomes of this research evidence the potential of 3D-printed TPMS structures with glass-reinforced hyperelastic photocurable resins for improved impact efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}