Mohsin Raza, Qumail Arshad, Ali Asghar, Muhammad Saqib, Muhammad Hamza, Jinhui Zeng, Umair Ali, Zhangwei Chen
{"title":"Additive Manufacturing of Polymer-Derived SiOC Ceramics: A Review of Materials, Techniques, and Applications","authors":"Mohsin Raza, Qumail Arshad, Ali Asghar, Muhammad Saqib, Muhammad Hamza, Jinhui Zeng, Umair Ali, Zhangwei Chen","doi":"10.1002/adem.202501961","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202501961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Additive manufacturing (AM) is revolutionizing the production of polymer-derived ceramics, creating new trends for the design of materials with specific properties and structures. These properties are primarily attributed to their unique amorphous microstructure, which consists of a silica-like network of dispersed silicon carbide (SiC) domains, with a percolating free carbon phase distributed throughout the structure. This unique structure enables precise tuning of mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. This review presents a critical overview of the integration of AM and silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) materials science, providing a systematic roadmap from precursor chemistry and vat photopolymerization techniques to the fabrication of complex, application-specific devices. The review illustrates how these tailor-made structures translate into revolutionary applications across diverse fields, including aerospace, energy, biomedicine, and sensing. Furthermore, this review highlights major challenges arising from pyrolysis, including shrinkage and scalability, and show how emerging strategies, such as hybrid manufacturing and AI-driven inverse design, can effectively overcome these obstacles. By linking microstructural control to macroscopic performance, this review not only summarizes current knowledge and research but also provides a robust framework for next-generation research and the industrial-scale use of additively manufactured SiOC ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Core-Shell Heterostructural Design Enables Spark Plasma Sintered Ti-Zn Alloys With Superior Mechanical Properties","authors":"Li Ma, Chang-Shun Wang, Cheng-Lin Li","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502844","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202502844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pure titanium (Ti) as a substitute for load-bearing bone implants still faces potential challenges, including insufficient strength, a mismatched elastic modulus, debris generated from wear against human tissue, and bio-inertness. Herein, zinc (Zn) is introduced as a bioactive ingredient, and the difference in the physical properties of Ti and Zn elements is managed through a designed two-step spark plasma sintering process to prepare dense core–shell heterostructural Ti-Zn alloys consisting of pure Ti cores and Ti-Zn intermetallic eutectic shells. The well-bonded core–shell interfaces, the effect of dislocations and twins within the Ti cores, and the hetero-deformation-induced strengthening collectively contribute to the superior tensile and compressive properties of Ti-Zn alloys. Thus, Ti-7Zn and Ti-3Zn exhibit the highest tensile and compressive strengths of 694.4 and 2247.4 MPa, respectively. Notably, these alloys simultaneously maintain a low elastic modulus comparable to bone. As the Zn content increases, the hardness and wear resistance improve. Moreover, the wear and corrosion resistance of Ti-Zn alloys surpasses that of pure Ti, effectively mitigating tissue damage caused by debris and excessive ion release when used as implants. This study can provide insights into the fabrication of bioactive Ti-based alloys and components with significantly different melting points.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hussain Alenezi, Abdulrahman Mohammed Alhudhaibi, Tarek H. Taha, Ahmed K. Saleh
{"title":"Advances in Nanocellulose-Based Bioinks and Scaffolds: Emerging Frontiers in 3D Bioprinting for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Hussain Alenezi, Abdulrahman Mohammed Alhudhaibi, Tarek H. Taha, Ahmed K. Saleh","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502664","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202502664","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanocellulose has gained widespread recognition over the past few years as an advanced material for biomedical applications through 3D printing. The most cutting-edge 3D printing technologies utilize nanocellulose, placing it at the forefront of biomedical engineering. This review examines advancements in nanocellulose bioinks and scaffolds, as well as their applications in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery systems. It also explores new approaches to material use and crosslinking procedures. Additionally, innovations in bioprinting are discussed to show how nanocellulose can support high-resolution, biocompatible structures that remain mechanically strong. Analyzing how the rheological properties of nanocellulose affect the fidelity of 3D printing highlights the advantages of current technology. The article also addresses scaling concerns, regulatory challenges, and the need for efficient in vivo testing, while investigating future breakthroughs in multimaterial bioinks and tailored regenerative implants. Ultimately, this review covers the current state of nanocellulose-based bioprinting technology and offers insights into its future role in biomedical progress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenzheng Yin, Hengyang Guo, Zekun Wang, Han Zhang, Shaojia Liu, Hewei Zhao, Lin Guo
{"title":"Research Progress of Dental Restoration Materials and Their Applications","authors":"Wenzheng Yin, Hengyang Guo, Zekun Wang, Han Zhang, Shaojia Liu, Hewei Zhao, Lin Guo","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502577","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202502577","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oral health is becoming a worldwide concern because oral problems heavily affect the daily life and overall health of human. Dental restorative materials, as the material cornerstone for restoring oral functions, not only influence the oral treatment effects but also lay the foundation of oral treatment technique development. This leads to extensive attention and studies of dental restorative materials, from both scientific and engineering communities. Conventional restorative materials such as metals, ceramics, and resins have been clinically used for several centuries due to their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Recently, a new generation of biomimetic dental restoration materials has been synthesized by mimicking the formation process or structure of natural teeth to achieve matchable properties to natural teeth. However, there are still some issues that need to be addressed for these current materials, such as insufficient properties, esthetic characteristics, or scalable fabrication, which need to be summarized and discussed. Here, we introduced the characteristics of different kinds of dental restorative materials and focused on discussing the advantages, drawbacks, structure-performance relationship, and clinical application evaluation of these materials. Additionally, we provided an outlook for the development of dental restorative materials, serving as a guideline for future material design in dental restoration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kendra Hawke, Xiaogang Li, Amir Partovi, Colin Scott, Fateh Fazeli, Hatem Zurob
{"title":"On the Impact Energy Absorption of an Advanced High-Strength Bilayer Steel Composite Consisting of Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel and High-Mn Twinning-Induced Plasticity Steel","authors":"Kendra Hawke, Xiaogang Li, Amir Partovi, Colin Scott, Fateh Fazeli, Hatem Zurob","doi":"10.1002/adem.202501470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202501470","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The relationship between strength and impact energy is analyzed for a bilayer composite consisting of carbide-free bainitic (CFB) steel and high-Mn twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel. The mechanical behavior is evaluated by uniaxial tensile testing, Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact testing, and three-point bending. The thickness of each layer varies between 40% and 60% of the total thickness. The yield stress of the bilayer material follows the rule of mixtures. The fracture strain is essentially independent of the volume fraction of the soft and hard layers in the above range. For the bilayer materials, the energy absorbed during CVN tests shows a strong dependence on the volume fractions of the soft and hard layers. The results also depend on whether the notch is machined into the TWIP or CFB side. In general, the samples show an increase in energy absorption as the percent thickness of the unnotched layer increases. When the notch is positioned in the CFB layer, interface delamination leads to the arrest of the crack. As a result, the TWIP layer can experience very large deformation. When the notch is positioned in the TWIP layer, the crack propagates slowly through the TWIP steel, allowing for codeformation of both layers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202501470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Na Li, Qiao Li, Yongchao Zhu, Xingke Sun, Huizhong Ma, Lan Zhang
{"title":"Mechanical Properties, Antifriction, and Corrosion Resistance of Electrodeposited FeCoNiCr/MXene Composite Coatings","authors":"Na Li, Qiao Li, Yongchao Zhu, Xingke Sun, Huizhong Ma, Lan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202502265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>FeCoNiCr/MXene composite coatings have been fabricated on the Inconel 718 using direct current electrodeposition from an plating bath containing varying MXene concentration. The coatings’ morphology, structure, and composition are characterized. The mechanical properties, wear resistance at room and elevated temperature (200 °C, 400 °C and 600 °C), as well as corrosion resistance are investigated. FeCoNiCr/MXene composite coating exhibits a face-centered cubic structure with numerous microprotrusions distributed on its surface, identified as MXene microstructures encapsulated by FeCoNiCr. At an optimal MXene concentration of 7 g L<sup>−1</sup>, the elemental distribution is highly uniform, yielding an MXene-reinforced Fe<sub>15</sub>Co<sub>34.5</sub>Ni<sub>34.8</sub>Cr<sub>15.7</sub> composite. At this concentration, the coating demonstrated the finest grain size (4.4 nm), the highest hardness (663.0 HV), the lowest room-temperature friction coefficient (0.1229) and wear rate (1.086 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup> N<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−1</sup>), and maintained the lowest friction coefficient (0.2883) at 600 °C. Electrochemical measurements revealed the maximum charge transfer resistance (<i>R</i><sub>ct</sub>) of 2671 Ω cm<sup>2</sup>, a corrosion potential (<i>E</i><sub>corr</sub>) of −0.407 V, and a corrosion current density (<i>I</i><sub>corr</sub>) of 1.049 × 10<sup>−5</sup> A cm<sup>−2</sup>. FeCoNiCr/MXene composite coating possesses high hardness, exceptional wear and friction-reducing properties, excellent high-temperature wear resistance, and superior corrosion resistance. These are attributed to MXene-induced grain refinement, dispersion strengthening, and MXene's 2D layered structure, outstanding self-lubricating properties, and chemical stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohsen Tajedini, Lu Fang, Jacob Bons, Mohammad Humaun Kabir, Evan Johnson, Joe Kosmoski, Hong Liang
{"title":"Effects of Carbon Nanoparticles on Triboelectro-Induced Surface Defects","authors":"Mohsen Tajedini, Lu Fang, Jacob Bons, Mohammad Humaun Kabir, Evan Johnson, Joe Kosmoski, Hong Liang","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202502084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrical surface damage caused by current leakage is a critical challenge in high-performance applications such as electric vehicle (EV) drivetrains and wind turbine gearboxes. To address this issue, we investigated a lithium-based grease blended with carbon nanoparticle (CNP) additives to improve electrical conductivity and mitigate surface damage. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed that nanoparticle inclusion significantly reduced grease impedance, enhancing its ability to conduct charge through the contact interface. Tribological analysis revealed that the presence of CNPs suppressed electrical pitting, reduced friction, and altered the dominant wear modes from electrothermal degradation to more benign adhesive wear. Notably, the pitting density decreased from 9.4% in the base grease to just 2.5% with 1 wt% CNPs, confirming the effectiveness of nanoparticles in suppressing localized electrical discharges. The grease formulation containing 0.5 wt% CNPs provided the optimal balance, minimizing surface damage while maintaining conductivity. Mechanistically, the CNPs form conductive percolation pathways within the grease, allowing current to pass through the lubricant film and thereby preventing localized discharge and thermal damage at asperity junctions. This work opens an alternative route for designing electrically functional greases that mitigate current-induced damage, extending component life in high-performance electrified environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adem.202502084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingchen Lu, Tongda Lei, Jianguo Xu, Jun Qin, Wanjun Hu
{"title":"Smart Materials and Soldiers: Applications and Challenges—A Mini Review","authors":"Qingchen Lu, Tongda Lei, Jianguo Xu, Jun Qin, Wanjun Hu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202502320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Modern military activities employ advanced high-tech weapons and equipment. In this context, uniforms that can respond to changes in the external environment, transmit battlefield information, and monitor the vital signs of soldiers are highly desirable to enhance individual combat capabilities while ensuring the safety of soldiers. With advances in materials science and information technology, smart materials have emerged as a promising platform for endowing conventional materials with capabilities such as sensing, actuation, and adaptation. This review summarizes the latest research progress in the application and challenges of smart materials in camouflage, respiration and heart rate monitoring, blood pressure and pulse monitoring, body fluid analysis, and human–machine interfaces. Beyond military activities, this review offers new perspectives on the application of smart materials in specialized scenarios, such as police duties, firefighting, rescue operations, and medical assistance. In addition, it provides a guideline for the future development of smart materials in terms of material selection, structural design and performance optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microstructure, Tribological Properties, and Corrosion Resistance of Multiphase AlCoCrFeNb0.4Ni2.1 High-Entropy Alloy: The Role of Heat Treatment Time at 800 °C","authors":"Yinghui Dong, Zhaobing Cai, Bingxu Wang, Zheng Lu, Guangpei Lin, Le Gu","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502512","DOIUrl":"10.1002/adem.202502512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study fabricates AlCoCrFeNb<sub>0.4</sub>Ni<sub>2.1</sub> high-entropy alloy (HEA) via vacuum induction melting and systematically investigates how heat treatment duration (0–18 h at 800 °C) regulates its microstructure, tribological performance, and corrosion resistance. The as-cast HEA features a face-centered cubic + body-centered cubic (FCC + BCC) eutectic structure and (Co–Cr–Fe)<sub>2</sub>Nb-type Laves phase, with FCC precipitates already existing in the BCC phase. Heat treatment triggers dual precipitation behavior: FCC phases further precipitate in BCC matrices, and Laves phases form in FCC phases, with both precipitate fraction and size increasing with prolonged holding time. This microstructural evolution expands grain boundary spacing, reducing hardness and wear resistance, yet the wear mechanism (synergistic oxidation, adhesion, and abrasive wear) remains unchanged. Strikingly, heat treatment enhances corrosion resistance by promoting passive film formation/repassivation via Nb-rich Laves phases, with the 18 h-treated HEA achieving optimal corrosion performance. Notably, the 2 h-treated HEA retains favorable hardness and wear resistance while lowering the friction coefficient, providing a novel strategy for tailoring HEAs with balanced mechanical and tribological properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tuning Mechanical Properties of 3D Graphene Nanostructures via Hollow Gyroid Geometry","authors":"Van-Quan Phan, Minh-Quan Doan, Le Van Lich","doi":"10.1002/adem.202502014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202502014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>3D graphene-based architectures offer a promising strategy to overcome the limitations associated with restacking and aggregation in 2D graphene sheets. Among these, recently fabricated 3D graphene structures with hollow-walled gyroid geometry, which are characterized by triply periodic minimal surfaces, demonstrate notable potential for enhanced mechanical performance and structural integrity. This study investigate the influence of hollow diameter, temperature, and strain rate on the mechanical behavior and fracture mechanisms of graphene gyroid nanostructures using molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal critical role of the hollow diameter in modification of mechanical properties. Smaller diameters promote localized stress concentrations and early crack initiation at strut junctions, leading to lower tensile strength and stability, while larger diameters facilitate more uniform stress distribution and delay crack propagation, resulting in superior mechanical performance. Stress–strain curves exhibit serrated behavior, indicating repeated cycles of crack initiation and arrest, which enable the structure to redistribute stress and delay catastrophic failure. Additionally, mechanical properties are found to be highly sensitive to temperature and strain rate, with tensile strength decreasing at higher temperatures due to intensified atomic vibrations, and increasing at higher strain rates due to restricted defect mobility and limited structural relaxation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7275,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}