Community health equity research & policy最新文献

{"title":"An Ethics of Justice in Elderly Care: Ageism and the Covid-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Christopher Ryan Maboloc, Anesito Cutillas","doi":"10.1177/2752535X231219017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2752535X231219017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study looks into the condition of elderly Covid-19 patients regarding the kind of attention they received during the pandemic given the scarcity of medical resouces in the countries mentioned in this investigation. In this case, we apply the bioethical principle of justice on the age-based criteria in determining which patient must receive treatment The argument is that the same is a form of discimination against the elderly.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to emphasize that the age-based criteria in deciding whether to treat elderly Covid-19 patients or not is violative of the bioethical principle of justice since it discriminates against them.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study uses the interpretive method. The authors analyzed the literature and the arguments pertaining to the issue of ageism at the height of the Covid-19 Pandemic. We mentioned the countries where the issue of prioritization was a big concern. The qualitative analysis in this paper is meant to respond to such medical dilemma.</p><p><strong>Analysis: </strong>In our analysis, we determined that when age is used as a criterion, it violates the bioethical principle of justice. The principle is meant to ensure that physicians are fair in dealing with patients. Using age in deciding whether a life is worth saving or not is a prejudice against old people who require care and attention.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Medical doctors must treat patients equally and without bias. The challenge, however, is that due to the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, a triage is put in place to be able to manage the overwhelming influx of Covid-19 patients. Some age-based medical treatment criteria that recommend age-based cutoffs for specific treatments are morally untenable. This is because the same is bereft of any acceptable justification that warrants the judgment that the elderly must have less priority when medical resources are scarce.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, doctors must not discriminate patients on the basis of age. All lives are equal in moral worth. We argue that governments must promulgate non-discriminatory policies when it comes to medical treatment during a global public health emergency.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":" ","pages":"2752535X231219017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138453180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caring in the Context of Systems: Service Provider Perspectives on the Mental Health Needs of Newcomer Young Men.","authors":"Mia Tulli-Shah, Carla Hilario, Bukola Salami, Josephine Pui-Hing Wong","doi":"10.1177/2752535X231217211","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2752535X231217211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we applied an intersectional framework to explore service providers' perspectives on the mental health needs of newcomer young men. We conducted focus groups and interviews with 26 service providers in Edmonton, Calgary, and Vancouver, Canada. Findings show that service providers made sense of young men's mental health needs and service access in the context of systems. We identified three interconnected themes: newcomer young men's senses of self in relation to macro-systems, including racism and economic marginalization; settling well as a determinant of mental health; and systems capacities and interdependent resilience. While service providers are engaged in cross-sectoral work in support of newcomer young men's mental health, this work is not being sufficiently supported. Further work is needed around cross-sector capacity bridging and advocacy, as well as the tailoring of services to young men without the assumption and reinforcement of gender stereotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":" ","pages":"2752535X231217211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Travel Burden to Cancer Screening and Treatment Facilities Among Washington Women: Data From an Integrated Healthcare Delivery System.","authors":"Solmaz Amiri, Jeanne Robison, Chaya Pflugeisen, Pablo Monsivais, Ofer Amram","doi":"10.1177/2752535X231215881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2752535X231215881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize distance traveled for breast cancer screening and to sites of service for breast cancer treatment, among rural and urban women served by a Washington State healthcare network.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for this study came from one of the largest not-for-profit integrated healthcare delivery systems in Washington State. Generalized linear mixed models with gamma log link function were used to examine the associations between travel distance and sociodemographic and contextual characteristics of patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median travel distance for breast cancer screening facilities, hematologist/oncologists, radiation oncologists, or surgeons was 11, 19, 23, or 11 miles, respectively. Travel distance to breast cancer screening or referral facilities was longer in non-core metropolitan ZIP codes compared to metropolitan ZIP codes. AI/AN and Hispanic women travelled longer distances to reach referral facilities compared to other racial and ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disparities exist in travel distance to breast cancer screening and treatment. Further research is needed to describe sociodemographic and system level characteristics that contribute to such disparities and to discover novel approaches to alleviate this burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":" ","pages":"2752535X231215881"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Learning for Health Equity: A Survey of Five Global Learning Sites in the United States.","authors":"Sonya S Shin, Ami Shah, Janette North-Kabore, Virginia Rowthorn, Kevin P Fiori, Ruth Dudding, Rev Alexander Plum, Dana M Parke, Carmen George, Stephen Thomas, Randal Pinkett, Keshia M Pollack Porter, Adam Sirois, Vera Cordeiro, Yolanda Ogbolu","doi":"10.1177/2752535X231210046","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2752535X231210046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global learning is the practice of adopting and adapting global ideas to local challenges. To advance the field of global learning, we performed a case study of five communities that had implemented global health models to advance health equity in a U.S. setting. Surveys were developed using a Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework, and each site completed surveys to characterize their global learning experience with respect to community context, the learning and implementation process, implementation science considerations, and health equity. The immense diversity of sites and their experiences underscored the heterogenous nature of global learning. Nonetheless, all cases highlighted core themes of addressing social determinants of health through strong community engagement. Cross-sector participation and implementation science evaluation were strategies applied by many but not all sites. We advocate for continued global learning that advances health equity and fosters equitable partnerships with mutual benefits to origination and destination sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":" ","pages":"2752535X231210046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Barriers and Strategies to Accessing Healthy Food in Urban Agriculture for Community Residents in Predominantly Black Communities.","authors":"Saria Lofton, Akilah Martin, Marjorie Kersten, Nanyombi Lubimbi, Helene Vilme, Forgive Avorgbedor, Angela Odoms-Young","doi":"10.1177/2752535X231214844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2752535X231214844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some residents in predominantly Black communities face significant challenges in accessing healthy food. However, urban agriculture is a growing sector that aims to increase overall food production, access to affordable and nutritious produce, and potentially improve community food security.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to provide insight into barriers and strategies that urban agriculture growers and advocates identified for accessing urban agriculture markets in their communities.</p><p><strong>Research design and study sample: </strong>We interviewed and conducted focus groups with 17 urban growers and local food advocates that work in predominantly Black communities in Chicago.</p><p><strong>Data collection and/or analysis: </strong>Understanding the complexities of access to healthy food can be challenging; therefore, we used the concept of access - accessibility, availability, affordability, accommodation, and acceptability - to better understand these barriers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key barriers were the lack of accessibility to traditional food retailers, high availability of processed foods, and cultural acceptability of urban-produced foods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Building urban agriculture networks to support growers, connect with consumers, and emphasize political engagement can help to diversify and grow urban agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":" ","pages":"2752535X231214844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72212184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Success and Challenges of Community Bicycle Advocacy Organizations in Reaching Underserved Populations.","authors":"Lucas D Elliott, Melissa Bopp","doi":"10.1177/2752535X231211418","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2752535X231211418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bicycling, as forms of recreation and travel, offers many positive physical and mental health benefits, though there are still many disparities in bicycling rates among underserved populations in the United States. Community bicycling advocacy organizations/coalitions promote and advocate for increased bicycling; however, have been shown to have a lack of organizational capacity for equitable programming to diverse populations (racial/ethnic minorities, women, low-income, LGBTQ+ communities, youth). The purpose of this study was to understand the current practices for providing underserved populations bicycling programming among advocacy organizations and to find major barriers and helpful tools for equitable programming.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was conducted in a volunteer sample of U.S. bicycle advocacy organizations. An interview (<i>n</i> = 23) assessed organizational function, successful programs, and barriers to reaching underserved populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several themes emerged from the interviews. Participants stated that the lack of organizational leadership and member diversity, along with a lack of trust with underserved communities, presented major barriers to providing equitable programming. Partnering with other community organizations that place an emphasis on serving diverse populations was noted to have potential for increasing successful programming by allocating resources and connections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although barriers exist for bicycle advocacy organizations when attempting to reach underserved and diverse populations, groups should focus on creating successful and diverse partnerships to increase the capacity for providing equitable programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":" ","pages":"2752535X231211418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Antiretroviral Medications Among People Living With HIV in the Era of COVID-19 in Central Ethiopia and Perceived Impact of the Pandemic.","authors":"Tariku Shimels,&nbsp;Rodas A Kassu,&nbsp;Gelila Bogale,&nbsp;Mahteme Bekele,&nbsp;Melsew Getnet,&nbsp;Abrham Getachew,&nbsp;Zewdneh Shewamene,&nbsp;Mebratu Abraha","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221094151","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221094151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study assessed the level of adherence to antiretroviral drugs and the associated factors among clients who have a follow-up at public health facilities in central Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A multi-site cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1-30, 2020 at seven public health institutions. A systematic random sampling method was used to recruit 385 participants. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics, and binary logistic regression model. The OR with its 95% C.I was employed to present analytic outputs. Statistical significance for the multivariable model was considered at <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 371 participants, the majority were females (233, 62.8%), attended health centers (215, 58.0%), and were married (173, 46.6%). Eighty-nine (89, 24.0%) of the participants have at least one comorbidity. About 72 (19.0%) and 50 (13.5%) of the respondents stated that the COVID-19 has posed challenges on their follow-ups and availability of medications respectively. Nearly a half of the people living with HIV and comorbid T2DM or hypertension (29, 48.0%) reported that they had encountered an increase in the price of medications compared to the pre-COVID-19 times. About half of the respondents in the study setting have perfect adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) (200, 54.0%). Basic education (aOR = 3.02: 95% CI: 1.57-5.80), marriage (aOR = 2.27: 95% CI: 1.24-4.15), attendance to a health center (aOR = 0.59: 95% CI: 0.36-0.98) and sleep disturbance (aOR = 0.47: 95% CI: 0.26-0.84) showed a statistically significant association with adherence to ART.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>About half of the respondents in the study settings have perfect adherence to their ART medications. As multiple factors interplay in the success rate of adherence to ART, stakeholders should place and strengthen practices, such as active follow-up and tracing of cases, ensuring medication affordability (access and low pricing), and psycho-social support to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9364070/pdf/10.1177_0272684X221094151.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10346718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Level Correlates of the Nutritional Status of Nigerian Women of Reproductive Age.","authors":"Nkiru N Ezeama,&nbsp;Nene Okunna,&nbsp;Chukwuemeka O Ezeama","doi":"10.1177/2752535X221126071","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2752535X221126071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor nutrition compromises the capacity of women to perform their vital roles as mothers and productive workers in their families, communities and society. Using a conceptual framework developed by the United Nations Children's Fund, this study determines individual-, household- and community-level factors associated with the nutritional status of Nigerian women of reproductive age. A secondary analysis of pooled data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) for 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 was conducted involving 82,734 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine predictors of nutritional status. Study results show that a significant proportion of the women had poor nutritional status; the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 12.1%, 16.8% and 7.2% respectively. Statistically significant factors associated with poor nutritional status were found at all three levels, highlighting the need for effective multidimensional, multisectoral policy interventions to address the double burden of malnutrition among women in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"109-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10363183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Parent-Adolescent Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues in Urban Slums of Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria.","authors":"Taofeek Kolawole Aliyu,&nbsp;Joshua Oyeniyi Aransiola","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211007695","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X211007695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Nigeria, adolescents in urban slums are increasingly at risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. However, little is known about how individual factors predict parent-adolescent communication on SRH issues in a resource-poor urban setting in Ibadan. Thus, this study investigated individual factors associated with parent-adolescent communication on SRH issues in urban slums of Ibadan, southwest, Nigeria. This study is part of a larger project that explores the socio-ecological factors influencing parent-adolescent communication on SRH issues in selected slums in Ibadan, Nigeria. Within this broader framework, this paper relies on the quantitative data obtained in 10 selected slums. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire [scripted on open data kits (ODK)] was utilized to collect data from a sample of 796 parent-adolescent dyads. Six SRH topics were investigated to describe the issues discussed. Analytical techniques utilized include; frequency counts, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression. Parent-adolescent communication regarding SRH issues is not uncommon in urban slums of Ibadan but characterized by indirect communication, threat and warning. Parents and adolescents' age, gender, marital/relationship status, educational attainments and religion played influential role in parent-adolescent communication regarding SRH issues. These factors were identified to be significantly associated with the pattern of parent-adolescent discussion of SRH issues. Age-specific SRH education should be available to adolescents and parents need to be educated on appropriate SRH information and the best way to engage their adolescents on SRH issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211007695","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10658697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing Emotional Support and Physical Comfort During a Time of Social Distancing: A Thematic Analysis of Doulas' Experiences During the Coronavirus Pandemic.","authors":"Christian G Jewett,&nbsp;Kathleen L Sobiech,&nbsp;Marie C Donahue,&nbsp;Maria Alexandrova,&nbsp;Sherri Bucher","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221094172","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221094172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doulas are trained, non-clinical professionals that provide a continuum of support for mothers. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to explore the professional experiences of doulas (<i>n</i> = 17) during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. Data were collected using brief intake surveys, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and an online discussion group. After a list of significant statements was created and grouped during emergent themes analysis, the reflections were summarized into three themes, (1) Doula Resilience, (2) Experiencing Vulnerability, and (3) Concern for Client Vulnerability that encapsulate the experiences of doulas during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude that as part of the COVID-19 recovery process, policy makers should look to non-clinical interventions for improving maternal health, such as promoting and supporting synergy between doulas and other maternal health service providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}