Community health equity research & policy最新文献

{"title":"Community Health Education for Health Crisis Management: The Case of COVID-19 in Cameroon.","authors":"Marcellus Mbah,&nbsp;Henry Bang,&nbsp;Humphrey Ndi,&nbsp;Judwin Alieh Ndzo","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211031106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211031106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led Cameroon's government to implement public health measures aimed at preventing its spread. This paper investigates how community health education on the virus was being carried out, what gaps exist and what further action could be taken. A survey instrument was used to gather data among a total of 179 Cameroonians recruited via opportunistic and snowball sampling methods. According to our findings, gaps exist. These include the need for adequate community health education on COVID-19, maximising multilingualism and indigenous cultural assets and disbanding misconceptions on the pandemic, as well as stigmatisation. The paper culminates by underlining the significance of an integrated approach to confront the pandemic. This approach captures the need to frame but also firm up community health education architecture on COVID-19 that captures inputs from different stakeholders, including indigenous knowledge holders, for collective wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"443-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211031106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9633669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional Intelligence and Pro-Social Behavior as Predictors of Academic Achievement Among University Students.","authors":"Wossen Getahun Abera","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211033447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211033447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This journal article was primarily carried out to pinpoint whether emotional intelligence and pro-social behavior predicts academic achievement of University students. To achieve this, data was gathered from 111 (m = 50, F = 53) students by using stratified simple random sampling technique. As the results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that, there was statistically significant positive association between emotional intelligence and pro-social behavior. However, it was found that there was no relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between pro-social behavior and academic achievement of students. Findings from multiple regression indicated that, emotional intelligence predicted pro-social behavior of students, whereas, emotional intelligence didn't predict academic achievement of students. On the other hand, pro-social behavior negatively and significantly predicted academic achievement of students. Besides, there was no significant gender difference in emotional intelligence and pro-social behavior. However, there was statistically significant disparity amidst male and female students in academic achievement and male students exceed female counterparts in general level of academic performance. As one sample t-test result depicted, Majority of students have high level of emotional intelligence, pro-social behavior and academic performance. The researcher forwarded the following recommendations for instructors, the university management and Medias. Socio-emotional training's should be provided to students, intensive studies should be conducted on this topic, teachers of the university should advocate the importance of emotional intelligence and pro-social behavior in the class room, the university and broadcasting Medias should give attention for the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"431-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211033447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9941164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Arsenic-Induced Cancer Patients in Indo-Gangetic Plains of Bihar: Role of Proactive Coping.","authors":"Shishu Kesh Kumar,&nbsp;Das Ambika Bharti","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211033460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211033460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arsenic induced cancer is a major public health issue in Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar, India where 22 out of 38 districts report arsenic contamination of groundwater. Its psychological aspect is under studied in contrast to the physiological and social. This baseline correlational survey research explores the relationship and role of proactive coping on depression, anxiety and stress among this population. Depression, anxiety and stress were assessed in 77 consenting arsenic induced cancer patients with depression, anxiety and stress scales. Proactive Coping was assessed with proactive coping inventory. Results demonstrated negative association and influence of proactive coping on stress, anxiety and depression. Avoidance coping associated positively with depression and reflective coping predicted for depression and anxiety. The findings advocate for more research attention on psychological aspects of arsenic induced cancer. Timely psychological interventions to build proactive coping are warranted to alleviate depression, anxiety and stress among this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"381-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9572951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Hand Hygiene Quality and Duration Monitoring in Pre-School Children: A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Mohd Dzulkhairi Mohd Rani,&nbsp;Nurul Azmawati Mohamed,&nbsp;Tengku Zetty Maztura Tengku Jamaluddin,&nbsp;Zarini Ismail,&nbsp;Shalinawati Ramli,&nbsp;Habibah Faroque,&nbsp;Farishah Nur Abd Samad,&nbsp;Abdul Rasyid Ariffien,&nbsp;Aisyah Ar Redha Che Amir Farid,&nbsp;Ilina Isahak","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211033448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211033448","url":null,"abstract":"Background Hand hygiene is regarded as the most important measure to prevent spread of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a prototype application in an electronic device in educating, stimulating and monitoring hand hygiene quality in young children. Method A pre-school was provided with an interactive hand hygiene application for two months. The device features an online administrator dashboard for data collection and for monitoring the children’s hand washing steps and duration. A good hand washing is defined as hand washing which comprise all of the steps outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Results The prototype managed to capture 6882 hand wash performed with an average of 20.85 seconds per hand wash. Washing hands palm to palm was the most frequent (79.9%) step performed, whereas scrubbing fingernails and wrists were the least (56%) steps performed. Conclusions The device is a good prototype to educate, stimulate and monitor good hand hygiene practices. However, other measures should be undertaken to ensure sustainability of the practices.","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"375-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9572949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corner Store Retailers' Perspectives on a Discontinued Healthy Corner Store Initiative.","authors":"Meghan Lynch,&nbsp;Marketa Graham,&nbsp;Krystal Taylor,&nbsp;Catherine L Mah","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211004930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211004930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Making fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) more widely available has been a prominent focus of healthy retail interventions and may have an important role in improving food access and diet quality at the population level. 'Healthy retail' interventions in corner/convenience stores (CS) are increasingly being adopted by public health practitioners to address the diet-related risk factors, improve food access at the community level, and change food retail environments. Private sector retailers are integral to the success of public health retailing interventions, making their perspectives and experiences critical. There is a particular need for greater evidence from retailers in settings where evaluations of these interventions have yielded null or mixed results. Through semi-structured interviews with 8 CS retailers (7 from urban settings and 1 from rural) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, this study aimed to describe experiences and critical factors regarding the feasibility and sustainability of a healthy CS program that was not sustained following the pilot testing phase, with a specific focus on the sale of FFV. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data, which indicated that retailers faced two dominant challenges with selling FFV in CS: both relate to how these stores are embedded in the larger local and global food system. We join others in arguing that efforts and support for retail interventions aiming to increase the availability of FFV in CS need to address the structure and relations of the food system, as an upstream determinant of CS retailer interest and motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"421-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211004930","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9951997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media Usage, Psychosocial Wellbeing and Academic Performance.","authors":"Beneyam Lake Yimer","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211033482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211033482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychosocial wellbeing questionnaires were administered to Dire Dawa Polytechnic college students (<i>n</i>, 204) to examine the interrelationship of social media usage, psychosocial wellbeing, and academic performance. The result revealed that male students use social media for the reason of making new relationships and female participants used social media to maintain the relationship, those students who spend more time on Facebook followed by telegram and Whatsapp. Results of the Pearson correlation indicated that the academic performance of students negatively correlated and significantly with social media usage (telegram, Facebook, and Whatsapp), while they are positively correlated with self-esteem. Besides, depression correlated positively with telegram, Facebook, and Whatsapp usage. Facebook usage was significantly and negatively correlated with students' self-esteem and social anxiety. Moreover, female students were low self-esteem and more depressed than male students regarding social media usage. Students who had a low level of social media usage are better in their psychosocial wellbeing than those students who had a high and moderate level of media usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"399-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211033482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9572953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet Addiction Status and Related Factors among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Western Iran.","authors":"Habibolah Khazaie,&nbsp;Javad Yoosefi Lebni,&nbsp;Jaffar Abbas,&nbsp;Behzad Mahaki,&nbsp;Fakhreddin Chaboksavar,&nbsp;Neda Kianipour,&nbsp;Razie Toghroli,&nbsp;Arash Ziapour","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211025438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211025438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, Internet and social media technology use have emerged as an integral tool of human society, and the evolution of technological integration, cyberspace, and web-technology has become a common practice in educational institutions. Internet usage among students has played an indispensable role in learning behavior; however, the excessive usage of the internet and social media leads to internet addiction. This original study has performed a focalized scrutiny on revealing relationships between internet addiction and associated factors among the students of medicine, dentistry, and pharmaceutical departments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive and analytical study recruited medical students from the Self-governing Education Incubator of Kermanshah. This survey distributed questionnaires among the respondents' three departments, and this statistical data reported on 420 valid responses of the respondents. They represent first and second-semester medical students of the academic year 2017-2018. The study selected medical students by applying Cochran's Sample Size Formula through Stratified Random Sampling and cross-sectional research design. The survey has utilized a demographic questionnaire of Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) for the data collection. The study analyzed received data by using SPSS version 23 and performed the descriptive statistics, and analytical statistics (t-test and ANOVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the present study established that the majority of subjects were female students (53.3%), and the average age was 23.84 ± 2.14, including the students of all departments. Besides, findings specified that the overall mean and standard deviation scores were 3.34 and ±0.88. Internet addiction revealed mean and the standard deviation score measured for all students 3.29 ± 0.73, 3.17 ± 0.92, and 3.57 ± 0.64 correspondingly. The survey results illustrated that medical students' internet addiction substantially correlated with demographic variables, such as age, marital status, the field of study, academic term, significant time of consuming the internet, the key reason of utilizing the internet, and daily usage of the internet (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study specified that 25% of medical students showed internet addiction. The students are increasingly using the internet, and it has penetrated among students. The design and implementation of adequate educational programs and the application of internet-based efficiency interventions are essential for both knowledge acquisition and medical students' healthy behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"347-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211025438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9941159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus-The Design and Development Process.","authors":"Mahendro Prasetyo Kusumo,&nbsp;Yayi Suryo Prabandari,&nbsp;Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211022173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211022173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Health behavior is important to control Diabetes Mellitus (DM) complications. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaires are needed to assess healthy behavior. This research aimed to design and develop instruments to measure KAP of diabetic patients in the control of fasting blood glucose (FBG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Evaluation of the validity and reliability was assessed by calculating the score of internal consistency, testing the validity of the items by Pearson product moment correlation test, and confirmatory factor analysis. The validity and reliability tests were done at primary care centers in Yogyakarta. This study was conducted from August to October 2019. There were three stages of validity testing and one stage of reliability testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the knowledge variable validity test showed 16 question items were valid, while the attitude variable had 23 valid question items and the practice variable had 26 valid question items. The Cronbach Alpha scores of the KAP questionnaire were 0.597; 0.777; 0.824, with all values > r for each table (0.344; 0.361; 0.355), respectively. The questionnaire is concluded as valid and reliable if it is able to measure variables well and can be used repeatedly in the same conditions and give the same results. Questionnaires concerning KAP in controlling FBG are needed to support changes in healthy behaviors of patients with DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The questionnaire to assess KAP proved to be valid and reliable. It is hoped that psychometric research concerning this questionnaire continues in various countries as a basis for improving these instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211022173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9924705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Theory of Planned Behavior in Pregnant Women Training Regarding Urinary Tract Infection Prevention Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sheida Moradpour,&nbsp;Hossein Shahnazi,&nbsp;Akbar Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211047064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211047064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the effect of the theory of planned behavior-based education program on promoting the urinary tract infection prevention behaviors in pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was a randomized controlled trial in which 100 pregnant women, who visited the healthcare centers of Zarinshahr City, were randomly divided into two groups, intervention and control. Five education sessions based on the theory of planned behavior were held for the intervention group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After implementing the educational intervention, the mean scores of knowledge and constructs of the theory of planned behavior significantly increased in the intervention group over time (P < 0.001). After the educational intervention, the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI) was 4.3% in the intervention group and 21.3% in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the use of methods such as group discussion and role playing promoted attitudes, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms of pregnant women, and as a result, UTI in women in the intervention group was reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 4","pages":"413-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9574029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Achievement Motivation, Mental Health and Academic Success in University Students.","authors":"Parinaz Mahdavi,&nbsp;Adib Valibeygi,&nbsp;Masoud Moradi,&nbsp;Shahram Sadeghi","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211025932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X211025932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Students of medical sciences are under intense mental stress induced by medical training system and are more likely to develop psychological and mental disorders. These psychological disorders may influence their performance in different aspects of life including their study. The aim of the present study is to assess the possible relationships between mental health, achievement motivation, and academic achievement and to study the effect of background factors on mentioned variables. The sample group consists of students of Kurdistan University of medical sciences. 430 students at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were selected randomly to participate in the present cross-sectional study in 2016. We used General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Achievement motivation test (AMT) as the measures of our study. Our findings indicated that mental health is significantly correlated with achievement motivation (<i>p</i> < .001), but has no correlation with educational success (<i>p</i> = .37). Also, a significant relationship was observed between achievement motivation and academic achievement (<i>p</i> = .025). GHQ was not correlated with demographic factors, while academic achievement and achievement motivation are associated with the field of study and marital status respectively. Conclusively, students who are more motivated to achieve their educational and academic goals, will be more likely to be successful in their education and have stronger academic performance. Also, students with more appropriate mental health status will have higher level of motivation in their education and studies. These findings reflect the importance of maintaining the medical field students' motivation and its role in their academic success.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"43 3","pages":"311-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211025932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10849092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}