Community health equity research & policy最新文献

{"title":"Adherence to Antiretroviral Medications Among People Living With HIV in the Era of COVID-19 in Central Ethiopia and Perceived Impact of the Pandemic.","authors":"Tariku Shimels,&nbsp;Rodas A Kassu,&nbsp;Gelila Bogale,&nbsp;Mahteme Bekele,&nbsp;Melsew Getnet,&nbsp;Abrham Getachew,&nbsp;Zewdneh Shewamene,&nbsp;Mebratu Abraha","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221094151","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221094151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study assessed the level of adherence to antiretroviral drugs and the associated factors among clients who have a follow-up at public health facilities in central Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A multi-site cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1-30, 2020 at seven public health institutions. A systematic random sampling method was used to recruit 385 participants. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics, and binary logistic regression model. The OR with its 95% C.I was employed to present analytic outputs. Statistical significance for the multivariable model was considered at <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 371 participants, the majority were females (233, 62.8%), attended health centers (215, 58.0%), and were married (173, 46.6%). Eighty-nine (89, 24.0%) of the participants have at least one comorbidity. About 72 (19.0%) and 50 (13.5%) of the respondents stated that the COVID-19 has posed challenges on their follow-ups and availability of medications respectively. Nearly a half of the people living with HIV and comorbid T2DM or hypertension (29, 48.0%) reported that they had encountered an increase in the price of medications compared to the pre-COVID-19 times. About half of the respondents in the study setting have perfect adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) (200, 54.0%). Basic education (aOR = 3.02: 95% CI: 1.57-5.80), marriage (aOR = 2.27: 95% CI: 1.24-4.15), attendance to a health center (aOR = 0.59: 95% CI: 0.36-0.98) and sleep disturbance (aOR = 0.47: 95% CI: 0.26-0.84) showed a statistically significant association with adherence to ART.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>About half of the respondents in the study settings have perfect adherence to their ART medications. As multiple factors interplay in the success rate of adherence to ART, stakeholders should place and strengthen practices, such as active follow-up and tracing of cases, ensuring medication affordability (access and low pricing), and psycho-social support to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9364070/pdf/10.1177_0272684X221094151.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10346718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Level Correlates of the Nutritional Status of Nigerian Women of Reproductive Age.","authors":"Nkiru N Ezeama,&nbsp;Nene Okunna,&nbsp;Chukwuemeka O Ezeama","doi":"10.1177/2752535X221126071","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2752535X221126071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor nutrition compromises the capacity of women to perform their vital roles as mothers and productive workers in their families, communities and society. Using a conceptual framework developed by the United Nations Children's Fund, this study determines individual-, household- and community-level factors associated with the nutritional status of Nigerian women of reproductive age. A secondary analysis of pooled data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) for 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 was conducted involving 82,734 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine predictors of nutritional status. Study results show that a significant proportion of the women had poor nutritional status; the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 12.1%, 16.8% and 7.2% respectively. Statistically significant factors associated with poor nutritional status were found at all three levels, highlighting the need for effective multidimensional, multisectoral policy interventions to address the double burden of malnutrition among women in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"109-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10363183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Parent-Adolescent Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues in Urban Slums of Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria.","authors":"Taofeek Kolawole Aliyu,&nbsp;Joshua Oyeniyi Aransiola","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211007695","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X211007695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Nigeria, adolescents in urban slums are increasingly at risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. However, little is known about how individual factors predict parent-adolescent communication on SRH issues in a resource-poor urban setting in Ibadan. Thus, this study investigated individual factors associated with parent-adolescent communication on SRH issues in urban slums of Ibadan, southwest, Nigeria. This study is part of a larger project that explores the socio-ecological factors influencing parent-adolescent communication on SRH issues in selected slums in Ibadan, Nigeria. Within this broader framework, this paper relies on the quantitative data obtained in 10 selected slums. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire [scripted on open data kits (ODK)] was utilized to collect data from a sample of 796 parent-adolescent dyads. Six SRH topics were investigated to describe the issues discussed. Analytical techniques utilized include; frequency counts, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression. Parent-adolescent communication regarding SRH issues is not uncommon in urban slums of Ibadan but characterized by indirect communication, threat and warning. Parents and adolescents' age, gender, marital/relationship status, educational attainments and religion played influential role in parent-adolescent communication regarding SRH issues. These factors were identified to be significantly associated with the pattern of parent-adolescent discussion of SRH issues. Age-specific SRH education should be available to adolescents and parents need to be educated on appropriate SRH information and the best way to engage their adolescents on SRH issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211007695","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10658697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing Emotional Support and Physical Comfort During a Time of Social Distancing: A Thematic Analysis of Doulas' Experiences During the Coronavirus Pandemic.","authors":"Christian G Jewett,&nbsp;Kathleen L Sobiech,&nbsp;Marie C Donahue,&nbsp;Maria Alexandrova,&nbsp;Sherri Bucher","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221094172","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221094172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doulas are trained, non-clinical professionals that provide a continuum of support for mothers. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to explore the professional experiences of doulas (<i>n</i> = 17) during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. Data were collected using brief intake surveys, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and an online discussion group. After a list of significant statements was created and grouped during emergent themes analysis, the reflections were summarized into three themes, (1) Doula Resilience, (2) Experiencing Vulnerability, and (3) Concern for Client Vulnerability that encapsulate the experiences of doulas during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude that as part of the COVID-19 recovery process, policy makers should look to non-clinical interventions for improving maternal health, such as promoting and supporting synergy between doulas and other maternal health service providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Health Literacy, Health information-seeking Behavior and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Iranian Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Shadi Sabetghadam,&nbsp;Afsaneh Keramat,&nbsp;Shahrbanoo Goli,&nbsp;Mina Malary,&nbsp;Sedighe Rezaie Chamani","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221095659","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221095659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Maternal health literacy (MHL) and health information-seeking behavior (HISB) could impact maternal health and pregnancy outcomes.<b>Purpose and Research Design:</b> This cross-sectional study investigated MHL, HISBs, and pregnancy outcomes in Iranian pregnant women. This study was also aimed to determine the predictors of MHL and pregnancy outcomes.<b>Study smple and</b> <b>Data Collection</b>: In this study, 337 randomly selected postpartum women completed three questionnaires, including a demographics form, an obstetrics history checklist, and the Maternal Health Literacy and Pregnancy Outcome Questionnaire (MHLAPQ).<b>Results:</b> The mean MHL and pregnancy outcome scores were 60.80 ± 9.91 and 49.88 ± 5.69, respectively. Of the participants, 56% adopted both formal and informal HISB. Education and internet HISB was associated with the odds of being in the group with higher MHL. Participants with high MHL had more than twice higher odds for better pregnancy outcomes (OR = 2.25, <i>p</i> < 0.004).<b>Conclusions:</b> Continued efforts are required to make health information sources more accessible to pregnant women to improve their health literacy and pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding: Knowledge, Perception, And Intention to Practice Among Female Students of Tertiary Institutions in Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria.","authors":"Ezra Ogundare,&nbsp;Adefunke Babatola,&nbsp;Adefunke Omoyajowo,&nbsp;Adebukola Ajite,&nbsp;Adewuyi Adeniyi,&nbsp;Odunayo Fatunla,&nbsp;Temitope Ojo,&nbsp;Tosin Agbesanwa,&nbsp;Omolayo Olubosede,&nbsp;Adekunle Taiwo,&nbsp;Adedayo Oluyi,&nbsp;Ayotunde Ajibola,&nbsp;Akinwumi Komolafe,&nbsp;Alfred Airemionkhale,&nbsp;Isaac Oluwayemi,&nbsp;Oladele Olatunya","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211034349","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X211034349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breastfeeding is a public health practice that is critical for the survival of infants and young children. This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude, and future intention to breastfeed among female undergraduates in tertiary institutions in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.<b>Methodology:</b> A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 1312 female students of the tertiary institutions in Ekiti State. By convenience sampling, female students were invited to participate in the study after giving verbal consent and those studying medical, nursing, and other courses allied to medicine were excluded. Internal consistency of the data obtained from this research instrument was determined using Cronbach's coefficient Alpha with a reliability value of 0.82. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were computed. Results were summarized as frequencies and percentages. The differences in knowledge, attitude, and intention to practice breastfeeding as well as other responses among the participants were compared among age groups, faculties and the sources of information using Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Although 93% of the respondents agreed that breast milk is important for the development of the infant's brain thereby demonstrating good knowledge; 51.6% of the respondents demonstrated poor perception to breastfeeding believing breastfeeding makes the breast to sag while only 34% of the respondents indicated their intention to breastfeed their future babies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intention to breastfeed among our study participants was poor. This study revealed the need to increase awareness about breastfeeding and its benefits among this huge population of future mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X211034349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10294178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights from Research Network Collaborators on How to Reach Rural Communities with Cancer Prevention and Control Programs.","authors":"Ashley Brunson, Catherine Troy, Samuel Noblet, James R Hebert, Daniela B Friedman","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211065318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X211065318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper examines community leaders' and researchers' recommendations for reaching rural communities in a southeastern U.S. state with cancer prevention and control programming.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>A qualitative inquiry of a grant network's research and community councils was conducted to explore members' opinions on how to engage rural communities and obtain input on how to recruit rural organizations for a mini-grants program.</p><p><strong>Study sample and data collection: </strong>Telephone/virtual interviews were conducted with all 13 council members. Responses were analyzed using thematic analysis and findings were examined within the context of system-centric and patient-centric dimensions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Council members discussed limited education, lack of insurance, low socioeconomic status, health care avoidance, and transportation as barriers to cancer prevention and control. They recommended reaching rural populations by partnering with community and faith-based organizations, use of targeted multi-media, and tailored cancer education trainings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings are used for guiding outreach with rural communities and recruitment of rural organizations for a cancer-focused mini-grants initiative.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"43-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Friends as Informal Educators: The Role of Peer Relationships in Promotion of Sexual Health Services among College Students.","authors":"Veena Muraleetharan, Marie A Brault","doi":"10.1177/0272684X211034661","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X211034661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This ethnographic study of one United States university's sexual health resources explores the role of peer relationships in sexual health promotion to understand how these relationships shaped students' interactions with campus sexual health resources. Through analysis of seventeen semi-structured interviews with students, five policy interviews with providers and university personnel, and participant-observation of peer health educator training, the authors examine how trust in peer relationships can serve as a form of social capital to influence sexual health information sharing. The article introduces the term \"peer administrator\" to describe student actors who sit at the intersection of friend and official resource and explores the importance of these mentoring relationships for sexual health promotion. The analysis also considers how more individualistic models of public health promotion limit the impact of peer relationships and concludes with a discussion of how universities might imagine new forms of sexual health promotion among students.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10730011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10285976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Low-Income Women's Participation in Self-Collected Samples for Cervical Cancer Detection: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior.","authors":"Matthew Asare,&nbsp;Beth A Lanning,&nbsp;Jane R Montealegre,&nbsp;Emmanuel Akowuah,&nbsp;Georges Adunlin,&nbsp;Tiffany Rose","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221090060","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221090060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low-income women (LIW) are underrepresented in physician-provided cervical cancer screening. Providing women with an option for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling would increase cervical cancer screening. However, little is known about LIW's attitude towards self-sampling for cervical cancer. We determined the associations between the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs and LIW intention for participation in the HPV self-sampling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 44-item survey was administered among women receiving food from a food pantry in central Texas. Independent variables included TPB constructs (i.e., attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control). The outcome variables were intentions and preference for self-sampling. Both variables were measured on a 5-point scale. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A sample of 241 participants (age 50.13 ± 9.60 years) comprising non-Hispanic White (40%), Black/African American (27%), and Hispanic (30%) participated in the study. The participants were current with a pap test (54.8%) and preferred self-sampling (42%). The participant's attitudes and subjective norms were significantly associated with their intention for self-sampling, accounting for 38.7% of the variance (<i>p</i> < .001). Women who were overdue for pap testing versus current with pap testing had increased odds of preferring self-sampling (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.27, 6.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The key predictors for LIW's intention for self-sampling included attitudes and subjective norms. Future research should use the TPB as a framework to examine whether intention predicts self-sampling behavior among LIW.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"65-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Considerations for Patient and Community Education in Global Health: A Qualitative Study in Lesotho.","authors":"John Kulesa,&nbsp;Lexi Crawford,&nbsp;Kathleen Ferrer,&nbsp;Lineo Thahane,&nbsp;Jill Sanders,&nbsp;Mary Ottolini,&nbsp;Ian Chua","doi":"10.1177/0272684X221074447","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0272684X221074447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> In global health, international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) frequently hire, train, and partner with host-country clinicians who manage public outreach and patient care. <b>Purpose and Research Design:</b> We conducted a general interpretivist study of Basotho clinicians hired by NGOs and academic affiliates in Lesotho to identify cultural barriers and facilitators to community and patient education. <b>Data Collection and Analysis:</b> We conducted 13 interviews involving 16 participants (one physician, one nutritionist, 14 nurses). Using an inductive and iterative approach, we analyzed interview transcripts through the lens of social cognitive theory and identified 15 themes. <b>Results:</b> Major findings highlighted: 1) patient and community learners may view Basotho clinicians as authority figures; 2) family and community power dynamics affect healthcare access for vulnerable patient groups; and 3) village leaders may refuse community education when excluded from problem-solving and early planning. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although local clinicians and community members may identify with the same cultural group, clinicians can encounter cultural barriers to patient and community education.</p>","PeriodicalId":72648,"journal":{"name":"Community health equity research & policy","volume":"44 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10363177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}