Clinical nutrition research最新文献_第2页

Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Older Adults in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Amirkola Health and Aging Project. 伊朗老年人血清维生素D水平与内脏脂肪组织之间的关系：来自Amirkola健康与衰老项目的横断面研究

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-31 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.308

Marie Behnamzade, Reza Adabi, Manouchehr Ashrafpour, Reza Ghadimi, Ali Bijani, Seyed Reza Hosseini

{"title":"Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Older Adults in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Amirkola Health and Aging Project.","authors":"Marie Behnamzade, Reza Adabi, Manouchehr Ashrafpour, Reza Ghadimi, Ali Bijani, Seyed Reza Hosseini","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.308","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.308","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between vitamin D status and visceral adiposity among older adults remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) among older Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study included older adults aged ≥ 60 years from the Amirkola Health and Aging Project. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. VAT was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Furthermore, the relationship between vitamin D and VAT was examined through multiple linear regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounders. Of the 600 participants, 345 (57.5%) were males and 255 (42.5%) were females. Their mean age was 68.90 ± 6.97 years, and the mean vitamin D level was 60.50 ± 39.45 ng/mL. Serum vitamin D levels showed a weak negative association with VAT mass (β = -0.062, p = 0.012). In both sexes, VAT mass predictors followed a similar pattern. Body mass index (BMI; β = 0.811, p < 0.001) was identified as a strong predictor, while diabetes status exhibited a positive association with VAT mass (β = 0.078, p = 0.002). Serum vitamin D levels appear to have a weak inverse relationship with visceral adiposity in older Iranian adults. BMI was the most robust predictor of VAT. Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify the causal relationship between vitamin D status and visceral adiposity among older adults.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"308-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secular Trends in Dietary Patterns Among Korean Adolescents: Using Data From the 2007-2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 韩国青少年饮食模式的长期趋势：使用2007-2022年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的数据

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-28 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.270

Eunyoung Tak, Eugene Kang, Minji Kang

{"title":"Secular Trends in Dietary Patterns Among Korean Adolescents: Using Data From the 2007-2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Eunyoung Tak, Eugene Kang, Minji Kang","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.270","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.270","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify major dietary patterns among Korean adolescents, examine their changes over the past 16 years, and evaluate differences by sex. Data were analyzed from 7,679 adolescents aged 12-18 years who participated in the 2007-2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and completed health, examination, and nutrition surveys. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall, and cluster analysis was performed based on the energy contribution of 26 food groups. Associations between dietary patterns and nutrient intake were examined using survey-weighted linear regression. Three dietary patterns were identified: Bread, Meat, & Dairy (33.1%); Rice-based Diet (45.5%); and Convenient Foods (21.3%). Among boys, the Rice-based Diet group showed the highest prevalence of obesity and the largest proportion of low-income households, whereas the Bread, Meat, & Dairy group exhibited higher rates of supplement use and high-income status (all p < 0.05). Among girls, the Convenient Foods group tended to be older and was more likely to skip breakfast, consume alcohol, eat out daily, and perceive themselves as overweight (all p < 0.05). Over the 16-year period, adherence to the Bread, Meat, & Dairy pattern increased, whereas adherence to the Rice-based Diet pattern declined in both sexes (p < 0.01). These findings highlight a shift toward Westernized dietary patterns among Korean adolescents. Accordingly, nutrition policies and interventions should adopt tailored strategies that account for both sex and socioeconomic differences to promote healthier eating habits and support long-term adolescent health.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"270-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of the MIND Diet on the Cognitive Function of Older Adults: A Systematic Review. MIND饮食对老年人认知功能的影响：一项系统综述。

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-28 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.318

Seeun Kim, Eun-Hee Jang, Seungmin Lee

{"title":"Effects of the MIND Diet on the Cognitive Function of Older Adults: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Seeun Kim, Eun-Hee Jang, Seungmin Lee","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.318","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.318","url":null,"abstract":"The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a brain-focused dietary pattern designed to prevent cognitive decline in older adults. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aimed to examine the association between the MIND diet and cognitive function in older adults. Relevant studies published between 2015 and 2024 were identified through comprehensive searches of PubMed and the Cochrane Library using keywords including \"MIND diet,\" \"cognitive performance,\" and \"older adults.\" From a total of 138 records screened, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria after excluding reviews, meta-analyses, editorials, and those incorporating other lifestyle interventions such as physical activity or education. These studies included 7 prospective cohort studies, 2 cross-sectional studies, 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT), and 1 case-control study, comprising a total of 17,201 participants aged 57-91 years. Across studies, at least 57% of participants were women, and in the 5 studies reporting race, more than 75% were White. Dietary intake and MIND adherence were assessed primarily via food frequency questionnaires, while cognitive outcomes were evaluated using validated instruments including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, global cognition scores, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease tests, and magnetic resonance imaging. Six cohort and two cross-sectional studies reported significant associations between higher MIND adherence and better cognitive outcomes. One cohort study and the single RCT showed no effect. Excluding 2 studies with short durations (≤ 3 years), the remaining nine studies suggest consistent cognitive benefits of MIND adherence. Future studies should include systematic reviews and large-scale RCTs focusing on Asian populations.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"318-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Phase Angle Update at the National Level Among Koreans: Findings From a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Nutritional Survey Involving Five Thousand Adults. 韩国人在国家层面上的第一阶段角度更新：一项涉及5000名成年人的生物电阻抗分析和营养调查的结果。

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-28 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.284

Jaehoon Bae, Jihye Lee, Sang-In Park, Jung Min Cho

{"title":"First Phase Angle Update at the National Level Among Koreans: Findings From a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Nutritional Survey Involving Five Thousand Adults.","authors":"Jaehoon Bae, Jihye Lee, Sang-In Park, Jung Min Cho","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.284","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.284","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides the first national update on phase angle (PhA) as a biomarker of body composition, nutritional status, and health outcomes in Korean adults. Using data from 5,035 adults aged 20-80 years from the 2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), we analyzed age-related variations in PhA, body composition, metabolic diseases, and nutrient intake. The mean PhA declined from 5.57° in participants aged 20-39 to 4.23° in those aged 80+, corresponding with decreases in height and weight. Individuals with higher PhA exhibited significantly greater lean body mass and lower body fat; for example, among those aged 20-39, the high PhA group showed 56.02 kg of lean mass versus 40.71 kg in the low group (p < 0.001) and total body water of 41.07 L versus 29.84 L (p < 0.001). Regarding metabolic diseases, 35.2% of the high PhA group aged 20-39 had grade 1 obesity compared with 17.4% in the low group, with similar associations observed for diabetes and hypertension across age groups. Nutritional intake was also higher in the high PhA group, with mean energy intake of 2,180.84 versus 1,710.16 kcal (p < 0.001). Overall, PhA was positively associated with favorable body composition, nutritional intake, and metabolic profiles across all age groups, suggesting its potential as a comprehensive biomarker for assessing physiological health and guiding nutritional interventions in the Korean population.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"284-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Comparison of AI Algorithms for a Predictive Model of Cataracts: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015-2017). 白内障预测模型人工智能算法的开发与比较——韩国国民健康与营养调查（2015-2017）分析

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-28 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.297

Jiyoung Choi, Eunju Park

{"title":"Development and Comparison of AI Algorithms for a Predictive Model of Cataracts: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015-2017).","authors":"Jiyoung Choi, Eunju Park","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.297","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.297","url":null,"abstract":"Cataracts are a major cause of visual impairment worldwide, particularly among older adults, with an increasing prevalence due to population aging. Surgery is the primary treatment; however, preventive strategies are crucial for reducing the disease burden. This study aimed to investigate dietary and health-related factors associated with cataract occurrence and develop a predictive model using machine learning. Data were derived from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2017. The study included 190 women aged 60-79 years: 124 with cataracts and 66 controls. Analyzed variables included sociodemographic, behavioral, chronic disease, and dietary intake factors. After data preprocessing, 4 machine learning algorithms: support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), eXtreme gradient boosting, and multilayer perceptron were used. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and precision-recall curves. Among the tested models, the SVM achieved the best performance under stratified 10-fold cross-validation, with 71% accuracy, 86% precision, 73% recall, 79% F1-score, 65% AUROC, and 81% AUPRC. According to our findings, the odds of having cataracts can be effectively predicted using dietary and health data without relying on specialized ophthalmic equipment. The proposed model demonstrates the potential of machine learning-based tools for early identification and prevention of cataracts. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples, as well as integrating additional data sources such as genomics and lifestyle factors, are warranted to refine predictive accuracy and enhance personalized nutrition-based interventions.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"297-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association Between Muscle Quality and Quantitative Changes According to Nutritional Intake Differences in Patients Recovering From Trauma. 外伤恢复期患者营养摄入差异对肌肉质量和定量变化的影响。

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-28 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.247

Ji-Hyun Lee, Songhee Kwon, Suyoung Yang, Donghwan Choi, Junsik Kwon, Yoo Kyoung Park

{"title":"Association Between Muscle Quality and Quantitative Changes According to Nutritional Intake Differences in Patients Recovering From Trauma.","authors":"Ji-Hyun Lee, Songhee Kwon, Suyoung Yang, Donghwan Choi, Junsik Kwon, Yoo Kyoung Park","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.247","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.247","url":null,"abstract":"Adequate nutrition reportedly can help reduce the degree of muscle loss and improve muscle quality in hospitalized patients recovering from trauma. This study investigated the association between nutritional intake and changes in muscle quality and quantity in these patients. The handgrip strength (HGS) and body composition of 52 patients admitted to the trauma ward were measured at 1-week intervals. According to their dietary intake, they were categorized into the hypocaloric nutrition group (HNG; < 70% of recommended caloric intake) and the isocaloric nutrition group (ING; ≥ 70% of recommended caloric intake). Within one week, body mass index (24.3 ± 4.4 kg/m2 vs. 23.4 ± 4.5 kg/m2), body fat percentage (24.1% ± 9.8% vs. 17.2% ± 9.2%), and skeletal muscle mass (28.6 ± 4.9 kg vs. 27.5 ± 4.3 kg) significantly decreased in the ING compared with those in the HNG. Although the skeletal muscle mass decreased, the ING's left HGS significantly increased (26.6 ± 9.6 kg vs. 28.5 ± 10.1 kg). The ING also consumed a significantly greater amount of protein (beyond the recommended amount) than the HNG (72.6 ± 43.2 → 100.8 ± 27.0% vs. 58.6 ± 25.9 → 49.5 ± 20.1%; p = 0.039). In bioelectrical impedance vector analysis, the vectors of the ING shifted more within the normal range of the 75% tolerance ellipse than those of the HNG (23% vs. 10%). These results suggest that, although the muscle mass quantitatively decreased during trauma recovery, adequate nutritional support helps preserve muscle quality.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"247-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meal Patterns and Protein Food Utilization in Public and Private Geriatric Long-term Care Hospitals. 公立和私立老年长期护理医院的膳食模式和蛋白质食物利用。

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-10-28 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.260

Ga-Eun Choi, Hye-Yeon Lee, Mi-Hyun Kim

{"title":"Meal Patterns and Protein Food Utilization in Public and Private Geriatric Long-term Care Hospitals.","authors":"Ga-Eun Choi, Hye-Yeon Lee, Mi-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.260","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.4.260","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined meal patterns and protein-rich food utilization in the foodservice practices of public and private geriatric long-term care hospitals in South Korea. Over a period of 6 months, a total of 612 daily menus (306 from each hospital type, breakfast, lunch, and dinner) were collected from four hospitals (two public, two private). Each menu was categorized by meal composition, included staple food, soup, main dish, side dishes, and kimchi. The most common meal pattern consisted of a staple food, soup, main dish, two side dishes, and kimchi. Compared with private hospitals, public hospitals offered a greater variety in meal composition, staple foods, soups, and main dishes. However, no significant differences were observed in protein foods of main dishes. Overall, meat accounted for about half, whereas fish accounted for one-third. Approximately 30% of protein foods in main dishes were processed. In side dish 1, the proportion of protein-rich foods was lower in public than in private hospitals, whereas the proportion of processed foods exceeded two-thirds in both hospital, but was significantly higher in public hospitals. Soup was the second most important protein source after the main dish, with fish as the most often used; however, processed protein foods were also common. These findings indicate that the main dish and soup are the principal protein sources, and the relatively high inclusion of fish reflects a favorable pattern. However, to ensure intake of high-quality proteins by older adults, the high reliance on processed protein foods highlights the need to reconsider foodservice practices.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 4","pages":"260-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Replacing Skipped Meals With Oral Nutritional Supplement on Nutritional Status and Physical Function in Older Adults. 用口服营养补充剂代替不进食对老年人营养状况和身体机能的影响。

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-07-29 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.191

Jiyeon Lee, Seong Ah Cho, Seoyoon Choi, Eunbi Han, Hyeri Shin, Yoo Kyoung Park

{"title":"Effects of Replacing Skipped Meals With Oral Nutritional Supplement on Nutritional Status and Physical Function in Older Adults.","authors":"Jiyeon Lee, Seong Ah Cho, Seoyoon Choi, Eunbi Han, Hyeri Shin, Yoo Kyoung Park","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.191","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.191","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of replacing skipped meals with oral nutritional supplements (ONS) on the nutritional status and functional health of older adults. A total of 29 participants aged ≥ 65 years who regularly skipped at least one meal per day were included in this single-arm study. For 8 weeks, participants consumed two packs of ONS daily (150 mL each, providing 400 kcal and 18 g of protein) as a substitute for skipped meals. Nutritional status, nutrient intake, body composition, and physical function were assessed before and after the intervention. The Nutrition Quotient for the Elderly score significantly increased from 58.97 to 63.62 (p = 0.014). Total nutrient intake, including ONS, significantly improved compared with baseline (p < 0.01). Body weight and body mass index increased significantly from 58.87 to 59.47 kg (p = 0.028) and from 23.9 to 24.18 kg/m2 (p = 0.016), respectively. Calf circumference decreased significantly from 34.1 to 33.39 cm (p = 0.010). Physical function, assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery, showed significant improvement (p = 0.003). In conclusion, replacing skipped meals with ONS may enhance nutritional status and support functional health in older adults.Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0010184.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 3","pages":"191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macronutrient Intake and Cataract Incidence Among Koreans Aged 60 and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study Using 2015-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. 韩国60岁及以上人群宏量营养素摄入与白内障发病率：2015-2017年韩国国家健康与营养调查数据的横断面研究

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-07-28 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.204

Jiyoung Choi, Eunju Park

{"title":"Macronutrient Intake and Cataract Incidence Among Koreans Aged 60 and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study Using 2015-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data.","authors":"Jiyoung Choi, Eunju Park","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.204","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.204","url":null,"abstract":"Cataracts are a major cause of vision impairment in older adults and pose a growing concern in aging societies. This study examined the association between dietary macronutrient intake and the odds of having cataracts among 1,619 Korean adults aged ≥ 60 years using data from the 2015-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cataracts were present in 51.8% of participants. Dietary intake was assessed via 24-hour recall and macronutrient intake was categorized by quartiles and energy ratios. After adjusting for covariates, individuals in the highest quartile of carbohydrate-to-energy intake (> 80%) had 41% higher odds of having cataracts (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-2.01), with a significant trend (p for trend = 0.022). In contrast, the highest quartile of protein intake (Q3: 12%-15% energy) was associated with significantly lower odds of having cataracts in women (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40-0.88). Likewise, fat intake exceeding 18% of total energy was associated with reduced odds of having cataracts (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49-0.97). Saturated and monounsaturated fat intake also showed inverse associations with the odds of having cataracts. These results suggest that excessive carbohydrate intake, particularly when replacing fats and proteins, may increase the odds of having cataracts in older adults, especially among women. Dietary adjustments aimed at reducing the proportion of carbohydrates and increasing high-quality protein and fat intake may help prevent cataracts in aging populations. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal relationships and to inform nutritional guideline development.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 3","pages":"204-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enteral Nutrition Management in a Patient With Traumatic Brain Injury in the Neuro-Intensive Care Unit: A Case Report. 神经重症监护室外伤性脑损伤患者的肠内营养管理：1例报告。

Clinical nutrition research Pub Date : 2025-07-25 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.157

Eunjin So, Yoon-Hee Choo

{"title":"Enteral Nutrition Management in a Patient With Traumatic Brain Injury in the Neuro-Intensive Care Unit: A Case Report.","authors":"Eunjin So, Yoon-Hee Choo","doi":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.157","DOIUrl":"10.7762/cnr.2025.14.3.157","url":null,"abstract":"Neurocritically ill patients often encounter challenges in maintaining adequate enteral nutrition (EN) owing to metabolic disturbances associated with increased intracranial pressure, trauma, seizures, and targeted temperature management. This case report highlights the critical role of the nutrition support team (NST) in overcoming these barriers and optimizing EN delivery in a patient with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A 59-year-old man was admitted to the neuro-intensive care unit following TBI. EN was initiated early in accordance with clinical guidelines. By the time of transfer to the general ward, 82.4% of the estimated energy requirement and 102.8% of the protein requirement were met. Despite this, the patient experienced 19.4% weight loss, likely due to underestimation of hypermetabolic demands and delays in EN advancement caused by fluctuating clinical conditions. NST adjusted the nutrition strategy by incorporating high-protein formulas, parenteral nutrition supplementation, and gastrointestinal management. This case report demonstrates the importance of individualized, multidisciplinary nutritional interventions in improving clinical outcomes for neurocritically ill patients.","PeriodicalId":72617,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition research","volume":"14 3","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0