Cities & health最新文献_第6页

The impacts of hostile designs on skateboarding as a form of active transportation and recreation: comparing perspectives from public university spaces in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States 滑板作为一种积极的交通和娱乐形式，敌对设计对滑板的影响:比较澳大利亚、英国和美国公立大学空间的观点

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2022.2158769

Christopher Giamarino, P. O’Connor, Indigo Willing

{"title":"The impacts of hostile designs on skateboarding as a form of active transportation and recreation: comparing perspectives from public university spaces in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States","authors":"Christopher Giamarino, P. O’Connor, Indigo Willing","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2022.2158769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2022.2158769","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Skateboarding is a popular form of active transportation and recreation that reinterprets the use of public obstacles like stairs, rails, and planters for play. Through active leisure, skateboarding provides physiological, social, and emotional benefits. However, cities regulate and design out the activity through legal and architectural interventions, citing injury liability, property damage, and nuisance as justifications. In this paper, we focus on the impacts of hostile architecture and urban design in restricting skateboarding, and thus reducing opportunities to engage in cardiovascular exercise. While hostile designs target populations like unhoused people from using public space, there is little evidence of their effects on skateboarding in universities. Therefore, this paper comparatively analyses the extent of hostile designs and their impacts on skateboarding as a novel form of physical activity in three public universities in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Comparing photographs and autoethnographic accounts, we argue campuses disproportionately target skateboarding for exclusion. We find that exclusion is legitimized through temporary events and safety and damage concerns. Given the health benefits of skateboarding, we recommend skate-friendly interventions that address these concerns, create shared campus space, and reimagine universities as inclusive places for all modes of active transportation and recreation.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"6 1","pages":"416 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88103836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Women's empowerment and infant mortality in Latin America: evidence from 286 cities. 拉丁美洲妇女赋权与婴儿死亡率：来自 286 个城市的证据。

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-02 Epub Date: 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2021.1908794

Ana Ortigoza, Ariela Braverman, Philipp Hessel, Vanessa Di Cecco, Amélia Augusta Friche, Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, Ana V Diez Roux

{"title":"Women's empowerment and infant mortality in Latin America: evidence from 286 cities.","authors":"Ana Ortigoza, Ariela Braverman, Philipp Hessel, Vanessa Di Cecco, Amélia Augusta Friche, Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, Ana V Diez Roux","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2021.1908794","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23748834.2021.1908794","url":null,"abstract":"Levels of women's empowerment (WE) can contribute to differences in infant mortality rates (IMRs) across cities. We used a cross-sectional multilevel study to examine associations of WE with IMRs across 286 cities in seven Latin American countries. We estimated IMRs for 2014-2016 period and combined city socioeconomic indicators into factors reflecting living conditions and service provision. WE was operationalized: (1) in cities, by using scores for women's labor force participation (WLFP) and educational attainment among women derived from education and employment indicators disaggregated by sex; (2) in countries, by including a scale of enforcements of laws related to women's rights. We estimated adjusted percent differences in IMRs associated with higher WE scores across all cities and stratified by country GDP. We found substantial heterogeneity in IMRs and WE across cities. Higher WLFP was associated with lower IMRs. Higher women's educational attainment was associated with lower IMRs only in cities from countries with lower GDP. Poorer national enforcement of laws protecting women's rights was associated with higher IMRs in all countries. Women's empowerment could have positive implications for population health. Fostering women's socioeconomic development and girls' education should be part of strategies to reduce IMRs in cities of Global South.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"7 1","pages":"93-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9363656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research for city practice 城市实践研究

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2022.2148927

M. Grant, O. Sarmiento

引用次数: 0

Fostering capacity building and multidisciplinary urban health research in Latin America 促进拉丁美洲的能力建设和多学科城市卫生研究

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2170076

O. Sarmiento, M. Grant, W. Caiaffa, G. Lovasi, J. Boufford, Gerry Eijkermans, Katherine Indvik, Laura Baldovino-Chiquillo

引用次数: 0

The methodological challenges of using public participation Geographic Information System for understanding micro-scale physical characteristics of streetscapes 使用公众参与的地理信息系统来理解街道景观的微观物理特征的方法挑战

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2022.2161295

F. Aminpour, Kate Bishop, Linda Corkery

{"title":"The methodological challenges of using public participation Geographic Information System for understanding micro-scale physical characteristics of streetscapes","authors":"F. Aminpour, Kate Bishop, Linda Corkery","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2022.2161295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2022.2161295","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Public participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) tools are valued for participatory mapping of various spatial data, but their usefulness has not been examined sufficiently in understanding street-scale built environments. This pilot study engaged 24 carers with the tool to identify perceived characteristics of streetscapes that influenced their perceptions of environmental safety for children’s independent mobility. Three methods were used to engage participants with the tool: purely online, one-on-one conversation on-site and organised group meetings. The observation of respondents’ behaviour during their participation and the quality and quantity of responses were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the tool. The findings reveal that PPGIS has the capacity to collect the perceived qualities of places, routes, and areas; the three forms of spatial data, required to understand mobility in urban settings. However, the contextual information of the maps is not sufficient for identifying street-scale affordances. Responding to the map-based questions is also a challenge for the general public. The paper makes recommendations for furthering the development of PPGIS for assessing healthy streetscapes.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"41 1","pages":"480 - 491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86455260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measuring changes in neighborhood disorder using Google Street View longitudinal imagery: a feasibility study. 使用谷歌街景纵向图像测量社区混乱的变化：一项可行性研究。

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2207931

Pedro Gullón, Dustin Fry, Jesse J Plascak, Stephen J Mooney, Gina S Lovasi

{"title":"Measuring changes in neighborhood disorder using Google Street View longitudinal imagery: a feasibility study.","authors":"Pedro Gullón, Dustin Fry, Jesse J Plascak, Stephen J Mooney, Gina S Lovasi","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2207931","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2207931","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies have used longitudinal imagery of Google Street View (GSV) despite its potential for measuring changes in urban streetscapes characteristics relevant to health, such as neighborhood disorder. Neighborhood disorder has been previously associated with health outcomes. We conducted a feasibility study exploring image availability over time in the Philadelphia metropolitan region and describing changes in neighborhood disorder in this region between 2009, 2014, and 2019. Our team audited Street View images from 192 street segments in the Philadelphia Metropolitan Region. On each segment, we measured the number of images available through time, and for locations where imagery from more than one time point was available, we collected 8 neighborhood disorder indicators at 3 different times (up to 2009, up to 2014, and up to 2019). More than 70% of streets segments had at least one image. Neighborhood disorder increased between 2009 and 2019. Future studies should study the determinants of change of neighborhood disorder using longitudinal GSV imagery.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"7 5","pages":"823-829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urban Stress and its Association with Symptoms of Depression, Fatigue, and Sleep Disruption in Women in Mexico City. 墨西哥城市女性的城市压力及其与抑郁、疲劳和睡眠障碍症状的关系。

Cities & health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2218159

Laura A McGuinn, Maria José Rosa, Erika Osorio-Valencia, Iván Gutiérrez-Avila, Sandra Martinez-Medina, Homero Harari, Itai Kloog, Rosalind J Wright, Mara Téllez-Rojo, Robert O Wright, Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz

{"title":"Urban Stress and its Association with Symptoms of Depression, Fatigue, and Sleep Disruption in Women in Mexico City.","authors":"Laura A McGuinn, Maria José Rosa, Erika Osorio-Valencia, Iván Gutiérrez-Avila, Sandra Martinez-Medina, Homero Harari, Itai Kloog, Rosalind J Wright, Mara Téllez-Rojo, Robert O Wright, Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2218159","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23748834.2023.2218159","url":null,"abstract":"Women in urban neighborhoods often face disproportionately higher levels of environmental and social stressors; however, the health effects from urban stressors remains poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the association between urban stress and symptoms of depression, fatigue, and sleep disruption in a cohort of 460 women in Mexico City. To assess urban stress, women were administered the Urban Annoyances (Nuisances Environnementales) scale. Six constructs were summarized to create an overall index. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Depression Scale; the Patient-Reported Outcomes Information System scales were used to assess sleep disruption and fatigue. Linear regression models were used to estimate the association with continuous symptoms comparing women with high urban stress to those with lower levels. Models were adjusted for socioeconomic status, education, age, social support, and previous depressive symptoms. High urban stress was associated with greater depressive symptoms (β: 1.77; 95%CI: 0.83, 2.71), fatigue (β: 2.47; 95%CI: 0.87, 4.07), and sleep disruption (β: 2.14; 95%CI: 0.54, 3.73). Urban stress plays an important role in women's psychological and physical health, highlighting the importance of including these measures in environmental health studies. Urban interventions, such as promoting alternative transport options, should additionally be addressed to improve health of urban populations.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"7 5","pages":"830-838"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peer companion - a crucial role in the vaccination of unhoused and at-risk people in the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina). A case study, Butterfly Effect 同伴陪伴——在布宜诺斯艾利斯市(阿根廷)为无家可归者和高危人群接种疫苗方面发挥关键作用。一个案例研究，蝴蝶效应

Cities & health Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2022.2153686

Romina Ramírez, Martín Güelman, Ana Laura Azparren Almeira, Florencia Quiroga, Pablo Guillemi, Magdalena Wagner, María Luz Brena, V. Pagotto, M. Cordoba Asprilla, S. Figar

{"title":"Peer companion - a crucial role in the vaccination of unhoused and at-risk people in the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina). A case study, Butterfly Effect","authors":"Romina Ramírez, Martín Güelman, Ana Laura Azparren Almeira, Florencia Quiroga, Pablo Guillemi, Magdalena Wagner, María Luz Brena, V. Pagotto, M. Cordoba Asprilla, S. Figar","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2022.2153686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2022.2153686","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMEN La pandemia de COVID-19 ha exacerbado las disparidades socioeconómicas y de salud y ha limitado el acceso tanto a los servicios sociales como a la atención médica. De acuerdo con las estrategias nacionales de vacunación pública, el Ministerio de Salud de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires ha liderado el Proyecto Efecto Mariposa. El objetivo principal fue implementar una estrategia específica para la población destinada a superar estos desafíos mediante la promoción de la vacunación a personas sin hogar y en riesgo habitacional en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Este estudio de caso presenta los principales hallazgos de una investigación dentro del Proyecto Efecto Mariposa que exploró los obstáculos y oportunidades que enfrentan las personas sin hogar y en riesgo habitacional en la ciudad de Buenos Aires en términos de acceso al sistema de salud durante la pandemia. El estudio también analizó las percepciones tanto del COVID-19 como de la campaña de vacunación. Este estudio exploratorio cualitativo se realizó a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a personas sin vivienda y en situación de riesgo entre junio y julio de 2021. A través de este proyecto, la Ciudad de Buenos Aires vacunó a más de 10.000 personas en situación de vulnerabilidad social y habitacional, incluyendo personas en situación y riesgo de calle. Los acompañantes pares, los Paradores (refugios públicos) y los hogares para personas sin hogar fueron considerados ‘esenciales’ durante la pandemia.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"15 1","pages":"25 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81937625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Why do we need an urban health agenda that prioritizes children and adolescents in Latin America? 为什么我们需要一项优先考虑拉丁美洲儿童和青少年的城市卫生议程?

Cities & health Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2022.2144103

A. Ortigoza, M. Alazraqui, A. Braverman-Bronstein, W. Caiaffa, D. Cartagena, G. Crespo, V. Chavez -Barriga, M. Mazariegos, A. Minujín, F. Obando, S. Perner, S. Sabry, C. Vaca-Jones, C. Vert

引用次数: 2

Integrating city resilience and mosquito-borne diseases – a multi-site case study from the Resilient Cities Network 整合城市韧性和蚊媒疾病——来自韧性城市网络的多站点案例研究

Cities & health Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2022.2127626

Beatrice R Egid, Marcela Herrera Jaramillo, Thomas C Lindsay, Clara Isabel Lopez Villegas, Krishna Mohan, K. Ozano, Raul Alberto Rojo Ospina, Carlos Alberto Sarria Ocampo, Bindu Taylor-Brewer, Carlos Andrés Villarreal Restrepo, Lina Liakou, Anne L. Wilson

{"title":"Integrating city resilience and mosquito-borne diseases – a multi-site case study from the Resilient Cities Network","authors":"Beatrice R Egid, Marcela Herrera Jaramillo, Thomas C Lindsay, Clara Isabel Lopez Villegas, Krishna Mohan, K. Ozano, Raul Alberto Rojo Ospina, Carlos Alberto Sarria Ocampo, Bindu Taylor-Brewer, Carlos Andrés Villarreal Restrepo, Lina Liakou, Anne L. Wilson","doi":"10.1080/23748834.2022.2127626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2022.2127626","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Urbanisation is increasing the risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue and malaria in cities, with resulting impacts on health and development. At the same time, cities worldwide are building and investing in urban resilience. It is not known to what extent and how cities are considering mosquito-borne diseases in their resilience strategies. This research uses a multi-site case study methodology, focused on Resilient Cities Network member cities Chennai (India), Paynesville (Liberia) and Medellín (Colombia), to understand the intersection between mosquito-borne diseases and city resilience. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with resilience representatives of each city and document review to explore perceptions of mosquito-borne diseases, their prioritisation in resilience planning and what resilience activities are implemented and how. Analysis showed that while mosquito-borne diseases are not considered explicitly as a resilience challenge, many resilience activities implemented by cities have co-benefits for mosquito-borne disease control or could be enhanced to realise this potential. For Resilient Cities Network member cities looking to integrate mosquito-borne disease control into their resilience approach, we recommend increasing awareness of interlinkages between city resilience and mosquito-borne diseases, leveraging multi-sectoral collaborations with co-benefits for mosquito-borne disease control, and engaging communities in urban planning and mosquito-borne diseases control efforts.","PeriodicalId":72596,"journal":{"name":"Cities & health","volume":"21 1","pages":"348 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87107240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0