Acupuncture in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Acupuncture regulates α-synuclein expression via <i>serping1</i> in an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinsonism.","authors":"Min Hyung Seo, Sujung Yeo","doi":"10.1177/09645284251327195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251327195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a substantial loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra (SN) and the formation of intracellular Lewy bodies, which are mainly composed of α-synuclein (α-syn). Acupuncture has been used to improve the symptoms of PD in humans and exhibits a neuroprotective effect against Parkinsonism in animal models. We further investigated the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture via its effect on α-syn levels, dopaminergic cell death and <i>serping1</i> expression in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of chronic PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were divided into a control group receiving phosphate-buffered saline (CTL) and three model groups receiving MPTP that either remained untreated (MPTP) received verum acupuncture at GB34 and LR3 (MPTP_A) or received control acupuncture at sites not corresponding to any traditional acupuncture point location (MPTP_NA). The signal intensity of <i>serping1</i> gene expression was assessed using microarray, and α-syn level and dopaminergic cell death were measured by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. To further investigate the relationship between expression of <i>serping1</i> and α-syn, a cell culture experiment was carried out in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treated neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) with and without <i>serpin</i>g1 knockdown using short interfering (si)RNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acupuncture at GB34 and LR3 attenuated the MPTP-induced decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels and increase in α-syn levels in the SN. Furthermore, verum acupuncture prevented the increase in <i>serping1</i> level induced by MPTP. In SH-SY5Y cells, MPP+ treatment increased α-syn and decreased both TH expression and cell viability; however, these effects were mitigated by <i>serping</i>1 knockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that an MPTP-induced reduction in <i>serping1</i> level leads to decreased TH and increased α-syn expression, and that these effects can be attenuated/blocked by acupuncture at GB34 and LR3. Our findings provide new evidence for the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture on dopaminergic cells, which may be mediated by control of <i>serping1</i> expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251327195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture at 5/100 Hz alleviates neuropathic pain in rats by inhibiting the CCL3/CCR5 axis in the spinal cord.","authors":"Feng Wang, Zhihui Ye, Xiuju Yin, Chengcheng Zhou, Min Zhong, Gaofeng Zhao","doi":"10.1177/09645284251327197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251327197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Typically, neuropathic pain (NP) is difficult to manage as it is refractory to conventional medications. Electroacupuncture (EA) at 5/100 Hz has emerged as an effective and promising treatment for NP; however, its mechanism of action is still uncertain. Accordingly, this study investigated the alleviatory mechanism of EA in chronic compression injury (CCI)-induced chronic pain via the C-C chemokine ligand 3 / C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCL3/CCR5) axis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CCI model was established in rats to induce NP. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were assessed with von Frey and Hargreaves tests, respectively. From day 8 after CCI, EA (5/100 Hz) was performed for 1 week (30 min/day). CCL3 and CCR5 expression was detected with Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Glial cell activation was determined through co-labeling of neurons and glial cells with antibodies against CCL3 and CCR5. The release of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was tested with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EA markedly ameliorated CCI-induced chronic NP in rats and reduced CCL3 and CCR5 expression in the rat spinal cord. CCL3 and CCR5 were co-expressed by neurons and microglia in the central nervous system. In addition, EA also repressed the activation of glial cells and levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EA may mitigate chronic NP in rats by blocking the CCL3/CCR5 axis in the spinal cord. In addition, EA appeared to exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by suppressing glial cell activation. These findings add to our understanding of the mechanism of EA-induced analgesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251327197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious pyogenic sacroiliitis following acupuncture: a series of three cases and review of the literature.","authors":"Yannick Laurent Tchenadoyo Bayala, Ismael Ayouba Tinni, Fulgence Kaboré, Wendlassida Joelle Stéphanie Zabsonré/Tiendrebeogo, Dieu-Donné Ouedraogo","doi":"10.1177/09645284251327200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251327200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acupuncture is an unusual cause of infectious sacroiliitis. Herein, we report three new cases of pyogenic sacroiliitis deemed to be attributable to acupuncture.Case 1:A 45-year-old male underwent 8 acupuncture sessions. He developed inflammatory pain in the left buttock, fever and tachycardia 11 days after the last session. Examination revealed involvement of the left sacroiliac joint. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis was consistent with sacroiliitis and blood cultures were positive for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The final diagnosis was left sacroiliitis caused by <i>S. aureus</i>. He was treated with lincomycin.Case 2:A 55-year-old female who had undergone 10 acupuncture sessions presented with inflammatory gluteal pain 10 days after the last session. Physical examination revealed signs of sacroiliac involvement, confirmed by MRI of the pelvis. The diagnosis was right sacroiliitis complicated by myositis of the gluteal muscles caused by <i>S. aureus</i>. Treatment consisted of antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin and ofloxacin.Case 3:A 72-year-old female who had undergone 10 acupuncture sessions presented 5 days after the last session for inflammatory gluteal pain. On examination, left unipodal weight-bearing was impossible and the tripod sign was present. MRI and clinical findings were in favor of left sacroiliitis associated with infectious pyogenic spondylodiscitis at L4-L5 and paravertebral abscesses. She received empiric antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin and gentamycin, followed by ofloxacin. On the 14th day, the patient unexpectedly died of pulmonary embolism after developing respiratory distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case series highlights the continued need for vigilance in the clinical practice of acupuncture.</p>","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251327200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates insulin resistance and impacts the hypothalamic IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway and miRNA-29a-3p in a rat model of type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Shuting Zhuang, Shaoyang Liu, Rui Li, Haoru Duan","doi":"10.1177/09645284251327205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251327205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by examining the hypothalamic miRNA-29a-3p, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 / phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (AKT) / signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 pathway, as well as metabolic molecules including proopiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP), with the goal of revealing the molecular mechanisms by which EA mitigates T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>T2DM was induced by high-fat diet exposure followed by streptozotocin (STZ) injection, and LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) was administered to evaluate whether the effects of EA were mediated through the hypothalamic IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway. T2DM was induced in 36 rats that were assigned to model, EA and EA + LY294002 groups (<i>n</i> = 12 each). An additional 12 rats formed a healthy control group. Food intake, body weight and serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured. Hypothalamic micro (mi)RNA-29a-3p expression was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), while insulin receptor signaling pathway intermediates and metabolic molecules were analyzed using Western blotting, qPCR and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the EA intervention, T2DM rats showed a significant decrease in both food intake and body weight. In addition, there were reductions in serum concentrations of FBG, insulin, TC, TG and LDL. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index also significantly declined. EA significantly decreased hypothalamic miRNA-29a-3p expression and enhanced IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/STAT3 pathway activity, while regulating POMC, NPY and AgRP expression. These effects of EA were at least partially reversed by LY294002 administration, which supports our hypothesis that EA mitigates T2DM via the hypothalamic IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EA may improve hypothalamic IR by activating the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/STAT3 pathway and regulating POMC, NPY and AgRP, thereby reducing food intake, correcting metabolic imbalance and mitigating T2DM. The effect of EA on the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway may involve miRNA-29a-3p downregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251327205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry needling in multiple sclerosis: a scoping review.","authors":"Abbas Tabatabaei, Farzan Molaei, Tobia Zanotto, Sharon G Lynch, Jacob Sosnoff","doi":"10.1177/09645284251327198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251327198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dry needling (DN) has recently been investigated as an alternative strategy to reduce muscle spasticity and improve mobility in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). The aim of the present review was to identify any available literature on the potential benefits of DN in pwMS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase/Ovid, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of Science and PEDro databases and at ClinicalTrials.gov. The search results were limited to studies published between 2000 and 2023 without language restrictions. All articles reporting on the application of DN (defined as the use of a needle to target myofascial trigger point(s) without injection) in pwMS were included. Studies related to traditional medicine were excluded. Two reviewers independently investigated the quality of reporting based on Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Data on the effects of DN on muscle spasticity, pain intensity, mobility and other reported outcomes in pwMS were extracted and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four original articles (two case reports and two case series) and one conference paper reporting the findings of a randomized controlled trial randomized controlled trial (RCT) were included. The RCT was small (n = 16 participants) and sham-controlled with no significant differences between groups. In all four case reports/series, reduced spasticity was observed following DN treatment in pwMS. Findings with respect to other outcomes (including pain intensity, mobility, quality of life, manual dexterity and disability reduction) were mixed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although no firm conclusions can be drawn from these uncontrolled case reports/series, DN for pwMS appears feasible and (based on limited clinical observation) may have potential as an adjunct therapeutic method to address spasticity in pwMS. However, the quantity and quality of available data are extremely limited. There is a need for high-quality studies of DN (ideally adequately sized RCTs with a low risk of bias) to further explore its effectiveness in the MS population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251327198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture treatment of postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome: a case report.","authors":"Xinyu Xia, Yan Liang, Napat Kongsirituwong, Qingcai Meng","doi":"10.1177/09645284251324528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251324528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251324528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture for symptom management in a case of severe cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.","authors":"Guohui Zhou, Mingyang Wang, Mingpeng Shi, Zhenhua Li","doi":"10.1177/09645284251321857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284251321857","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9645284251321857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture for polymyositis: a case report.","authors":"Siqi Zhang, Liang Zhou, Guirong Dong, Hongsheng Dong, Chunling Bao","doi":"10.1177/09645284241307657","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09645284241307657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"58-60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture induces analgesia by regulating spinal synaptic plasticity via the AMPA/NMDA receptor in a model of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy: secondary analysis of an experimental study in rats.","authors":"Tian Wang, Hai-Yan Chen, Pu Yang, Xi Zhang, Sheng-Yong Su","doi":"10.1177/09645284251314189","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09645284251314189","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) is characterized by neuropathic pain (NP). Although the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely recognized in clinical practice, the mechanism of EA in the treatment of CSR remains unknown. We previously reported that 7 days of EA improved behavioral markers of NP, attenuated increases in α-synuclein, synapsin 1 and 2, postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 and growth-associated protein (GAP)-43, and improved ultrastructural changes within synapses in a rat model of CSR. Herein, we present supplemental data from the same cohort of animals examining the timing of behavioral improvement within the first week (through additional measurements at 3 and 5 days into the EA treatment) and new data on the effects of EA on α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;As previously reported, the rats were divided into four groups at random: normal, sham, CSR and CSR + EA. EA at bilateral LI4 and LR3 was administered once a day for 7 days (20 min each) in the CSR + EA group after the CSR model was established by inserting a fishing line under the laminae. Behavioral assessments were carried out prior to initiation of EA and at 3, 5 and 7 days into the 7-day treatment course. Concentrations ofγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ultraviolet colorimetry, respectively, and AMPAR (glutamate receptor (GluR)1 and GluR2 membrane protein) expression was determined using Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression and average optical density (AOD) of NMDAR1 (NR1), NMDAR2A (NR2A) and NMDAR2B (NR2B). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe changes in synaptic ultrastructure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;EA significantly improved the pressure pain threshold (PPT) and mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) 5 days into the intervention, although effects were less pronounced than at 7 days (at completion of treatment). However, significant effects on gait scores were not seen prior to 7 days. As previously reported, EA also improved markers of synaptic ultrastructure. In the spinal cord, GluR1 membrane protein expression was decreased, GluR2 membrane protein expression was increased, and the GluR1/GluR2 ratio was decreased. Protein and mRNA expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B was significantly decreased. GABA concentration was markedly increased, while Glu concentration was markedly decreased.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Evidence of EA analgesia (higher PPT and MWT scores) was seen after 5 days of EA, while positive effects on motor function required 7 days of treatment. The underlying mechanism may be related to inhibition of AMPA","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"38-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment at ST36 alleviates acute gastric mucosal lesions induced by water immersion restraint stress through the TRPV1/SP/CGRP/NO pathway in rats.","authors":"Qun Jiang, Mingyan Guo, Lingsong Guo, Qiong Ling, Chuangbo Xie, Xiangyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Weifeng Tu","doi":"10.1177/09645284241300177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09645284241300177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the impact of electro-acupuncture (EA) pretreatment on the progression of acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGMLs) induced by water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) and explore the related mechanisms including the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)1 signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats treated with EA for 4 days were subjected to WIRS for 6 h. Microscopic lesions, oxidative stress and TRPV1, substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and gastric tissues were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated the development of AGMLs with a substantial increase of TRPV1/SP in the DRG and TRPV1/SP/MDA (malondialdehyde activity) in the stomach, and a significant decrease in CGRP/NO/SOD (superoxide dismutase) in gastric tissues, using a combination of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TRPV1 signaling pathways likely play an important role in the pathogenesis of AGML. In addition, EA pretreatment protected gastric mucosa lesions induced by WIRS by reducing the expression of TRPV1/SP in the DRG and gastric mucosa, as well as up-regulating gastric CGRP/NO. Antioxidant mechanisms are likely to at least partially mediate the protective effects of EA against AGML.</p>","PeriodicalId":7257,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture in Medicine","volume":"43 1","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}