Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11Epub Date: 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100701
Joshua M Popp, Katherine Rhodes, Radhika Jangi, Mingyuan Li, Kenneth Barr, Karl Tayeb, Alexis Battle, Yoav Gilad
{"title":"Cell type and dynamic state govern genetic regulation of gene expression in heterogeneous differentiating cultures.","authors":"Joshua M Popp, Katherine Rhodes, Radhika Jangi, Mingyuan Li, Kenneth Barr, Karl Tayeb, Alexis Battle, Yoav Gilad","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying the molecular effects of human genetic variation across cellular contexts is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying disease-associated loci, yet many cell types and developmental stages remain underexplored. Here, we harnessed the potential of heterogeneous differentiating cultures (HDCs), an in vitro system in which pluripotent cells asynchronously differentiate into a broad spectrum of cell types. We generated HDCs for 53 human donors and collected single-cell RNA sequencing data from over 900,000 cells. We identified expression quantitative trait loci in 29 cell types and characterized regulatory dynamics across diverse differentiation trajectories. This revealed novel regulatory variants for genes involved in key developmental and disease-related processes while replicating known effects from primary tissues and dynamic regulatory effects associated with a range of complex traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100701"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11Epub Date: 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100698
Michael Chiang, Chris A Brackley, Catherine Naughton, Ryu-Suke Nozawa, Cleis Battaglia, Davide Marenduzzo, Nick Gilbert
{"title":"Genome-wide chromosome architecture prediction reveals biophysical principles underlying gene structure.","authors":"Michael Chiang, Chris A Brackley, Catherine Naughton, Ryu-Suke Nozawa, Cleis Battaglia, Davide Marenduzzo, Nick Gilbert","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classical observations suggest a connection between 3D gene structure and function, but testing this hypothesis has been challenging due to technical limitations. To explore this, we developed epigenetic highly predictive heteromorphic polymer (e-HiP-HoP), a model based on genome organization principles to predict the 3D structure of human chromatin. We defined a new 3D structural unit, a \"topos,\" which represents the regulatory landscape around gene promoters. Using GM12878 cells, we predicted the 3D structure of over 10,000 active gene topoi and stored them in the 3DGene database. Data mining revealed folding motifs and their link to Gene Ontology features. We computed a structural diversity score and identified influential nodes-chromatin sites that frequently interact with gene promoters, acting as key regulators. These nodes drive structural diversity and are tied to gene function. e-HiP-HoP provides a framework for modeling high-resolution chromatin structure and a mechanistic basis for chromatin contact networks that link 3D gene structure with function.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100698"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A combined deep learning framework for mammalian m6A site prediction.","authors":"Rui Fan, Chunmei Cui, Boming Kang, Zecheng Chang, Guoqing Wang, Qinghua Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N<sup>6</sup>-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent chemical modification in eukaryotic mRNAs and plays key roles in diverse cellular processes. Precise localization of m6A sites is thus critical for characterizing the functional roles of m6A in various conditions and dissecting the mechanisms governing its deposition. Here, we design a combined framework of Transformer architecture and recurrent neural network, deepSRAMP, to identify m6A sites using sequence-based and genome-derived features. As a result, deepSRAMP achieves a notably enhanced performance compared to its predecessor, SRAMP, the most-used predictor in this field. Moreover, based on multiple benchmark datasets, deepSRAMP greatly outperforms other state-of-the-art m6A predictors, including WHISTLE and DeepPromise, with an average 16.1% and 18.3% increase in AUROC and a 43.9% and 46.4% increase in AUPRC. Finally, deepSRAMP can be successfully exploited on mammalian m6A epitranscriptome mapping under diverse cellular conditions and can potentially reveal differential m6A sites among transcript isoforms of individual genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100697"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100721
Guillaume Huguet, Thomas Renne, Cécile Poulain, Alma Dubuc, Kuldeep Kumar, Sayeh Kazem, Worrawat Engchuan, Omar Shanta, Elise Douard, Catherine Proulx, Martineau Jean-Louis, Zohra Saci, Josephine Mollon, Laura M Schultz, Emma E M Knowles, Simon R Cox, David Porteous, Gail Davies, Paul Redmond, Sarah E Harris, Gunter Schumann, Guillaume Dumas, Aurélie Labbe, Zdenka Pausova, Tomas Paus, Stephen W Scherer, Jonathan Sebat, Laura Almasy, David C Glahn, Sébastien Jacquemont
{"title":"Effects of gene dosage on cognitive ability: A function-based association study across brain and non-brain processes.","authors":"Guillaume Huguet, Thomas Renne, Cécile Poulain, Alma Dubuc, Kuldeep Kumar, Sayeh Kazem, Worrawat Engchuan, Omar Shanta, Elise Douard, Catherine Proulx, Martineau Jean-Louis, Zohra Saci, Josephine Mollon, Laura M Schultz, Emma E M Knowles, Simon R Cox, David Porteous, Gail Davies, Paul Redmond, Sarah E Harris, Gunter Schumann, Guillaume Dumas, Aurélie Labbe, Zdenka Pausova, Tomas Paus, Stephen W Scherer, Jonathan Sebat, Laura Almasy, David C Glahn, Sébastien Jacquemont","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Copy-number variants (CNVs) that increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders also affect cognitive ability. However, such CNVs remain challenging to study due to their scarcity, limiting our understanding of gene-dosage-sensitive biological processes linked to cognitive ability. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 258,292 individuals, which identified-for the first time-a duplication at 2q12.3 associated with higher cognitive performance. We developed a functional-burden analysis, which tested the association between cognition and CNVs disrupting 6,502 gene sets biologically defined across tissues, cell types, and ontologies. Among those, 864 gene sets were associated with cognition, and effect sizes of deletion and duplication were negatively correlated. The latter suggested that functions across all biological processes were sensitive to either deletions (e.g., subcortical regions, postsynaptic) or duplications (e.g., cerebral cortex, presynaptic). Associations between non-brain tissues and cognition were driven partly by constrained genes, which may shed light on medical comorbidities in neurodevelopmental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":"4 12","pages":"100721"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11701252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11Epub Date: 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100700
Minhao Yao, Gary W Miller, Badri N Vardarajan, Andrea A Baccarelli, Zijian Guo, Zhonghua Liu
{"title":"Deciphering proteins in Alzheimer's disease: A new Mendelian randomization method integrated with AlphaFold3 for 3D structure prediction.","authors":"Minhao Yao, Gary W Miller, Badri N Vardarajan, Andrea A Baccarelli, Zijian Guo, Zhonghua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hidden confounding biases hinder identifying causal protein biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in non-randomized studies. While Mendelian randomization (MR) can mitigate these biases using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) as instrumental variables, some pQTLs violate core assumptions, leading to biased conclusions. To address this, we propose MR-SPI, a novel MR method that selects valid pQTL instruments using Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina principle and performs robust post-selection inference. Integrating MR-SPI with AlphaFold3, we developed a computational pipeline to identify causal protein biomarkers and predict 3D structural changes. Applied to genome-wide proteomics data from 54,306 UK Biobank participants and 455,258 subjects (71,880 cases and 383,378 controls) for a genome-wide association study of Alzheimer's disease, we identified seven proteins (TREM2, PILRB, PILRA, EPHA1, CD33, RET, and CD55) with structural alterations due to missense mutations. These findings offer insights into the etiology and potential drug targets for Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100700"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100723
Joachim De Jonghe, James W Opzoomer, Amaia Vilas-Zornoza, Benedikt S Nilges, Peter Crane, Marco Vicari, Hower Lee, David Lara-Astiaso, Torsten Gross, Jörg Morf, Kim Schneider, Juliana Cudini, Lorenzo Ramos-Mucci, Dylan Mooijman, Katarína Tiklová, Sergio Marco Salas, Christoffer Mattsson Langseth, Nachiket D Kashikar, Denis Schapiro, Joakim Lundeberg, Mats Nilsson, Alex K Shalek, Adam P Cribbs, Jake P Taylor-King
{"title":"scTrends: A living review of commercial single-cell and spatial 'omic technologies.","authors":"Joachim De Jonghe, James W Opzoomer, Amaia Vilas-Zornoza, Benedikt S Nilges, Peter Crane, Marco Vicari, Hower Lee, David Lara-Astiaso, Torsten Gross, Jörg Morf, Kim Schneider, Juliana Cudini, Lorenzo Ramos-Mucci, Dylan Mooijman, Katarína Tiklová, Sergio Marco Salas, Christoffer Mattsson Langseth, Nachiket D Kashikar, Denis Schapiro, Joakim Lundeberg, Mats Nilsson, Alex K Shalek, Adam P Cribbs, Jake P Taylor-King","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the rapidly evolving landscape of single-cell and spatial omic technologies is crucial for advancing biomedical research and drug development. We provide a living review of both mature and emerging commercial platforms, highlighting key methodologies and trends shaping the field. This review spans from foundational single-cell technologies such as microfluidics and plate-based methods to newer approaches like combinatorial indexing; on the spatial side, we consider next-generation sequencing and imaging-based spatial transcriptomics. Finally, we highlight emerging methodologies that may fundamentally expand the scope for data generation within pharmaceutical research, creating opportunities to discover and validate novel drug mechanisms. Overall, this review serves as a critical resource for navigating the commercialization and application of single-cell and spatial omic technologies in pharmaceutical and academic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":"4 12","pages":"100723"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11701258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11Epub Date: 2024-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100703
Jiamiao Yuan, Kangning Dong, Haixu Wu, Xuerui Zeng, Xingyan Liu, Yan Liu, Jiapei Dai, Jichao Yin, Yongjie Chen, Yongbo Guo, Wenhao Luo, Na Liu, Yan Sun, Shihua Zhang, Bing Su
{"title":"Single-nucleus multi-omics analyses reveal cellular and molecular innovations in the anterior cingulate cortex during primate evolution.","authors":"Jiamiao Yuan, Kangning Dong, Haixu Wu, Xuerui Zeng, Xingyan Liu, Yan Liu, Jiapei Dai, Jichao Yin, Yongjie Chen, Yongbo Guo, Wenhao Luo, Na Liu, Yan Sun, Shihua Zhang, Bing Su","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of the human brain is involved in higher-level cognitive functions such as emotion and self-awareness. We generated profiles of human and macaque ACC gene expression and chromatin accessibility at single-nucleus resolution. We characterized the conserved patterns of gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and transcription factor binding in different cell types. Combining the published mouse data, we discovered the molecular identities and cell-lineage origin of the primate von Economo neurons (VENs). Our in vitro and in vivo experiments identified a group of primate-shared and human-specific VEN marker genes, such as PCSK6, ADAMTSL3, and CDHR3, potentially contributing to VEN morphogenesis. We demonstrated that the human-specific sequence changes account for the cellular and functional innovations in the ACC during primate evolution and human origin. These findings provide new insights into understanding the cellular composition and molecular regulation of ACC and its evolutionary role in shaping human-owned higher cognitive skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100703"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100718
Daiyun Huang, Jia Meng, Kunqi Chen
{"title":"AI techniques have facilitated the understanding of epitranscriptome distribution.","authors":"Daiyun Huang, Jia Meng, Kunqi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N<sup>6</sup>-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal mRNA modification in higher eukaryotes, plays diverse roles in cellular regulation. By incorporating both sequence- and genome-derived features, Fan et al.<sup>1</sup> designed a novel Transformer-BiGRU framework that achieves superior performance in computational m6A identification, thus demonstrating the potential of AI in genomic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":"4 12","pages":"100718"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11Epub Date: 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100720
Jonathan St Ange, Yifei Weng, Rachel Kaletsky, Morgan E Stevenson, Rebecca S Moore, Shiyi Zhou, Coleen T Murphy
{"title":"Adult single-nucleus neuronal transcriptomes of insulin signaling mutants reveal regulators of behavior and learning.","authors":"Jonathan St Ange, Yifei Weng, Rachel Kaletsky, Morgan E Stevenson, Rebecca S Moore, Shiyi Zhou, Coleen T Murphy","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene expression in individual neurons can change during development to adulthood and can have large effects on behavior. Additionally, the insulin/insulin-like signaling (IIS) pathway regulates many of the adult functions of Caenorhabditis elegans, including learning and memory, via transcriptional changes. We used the deep resolution of single-nucleus RNA sequencing to define the adult transcriptome of each neuron in wild-type and daf-2 mutants, revealing expression differences between L4 larval and adult neurons in chemoreceptors, synaptic genes, and learning/memory genes. We used these data to identify adult new AWC-specific regulators of chemosensory function that emerge upon adulthood. daf-2 gene expression changes correlate with improved cognitive functions, particularly in the AWC sensory neuron that controls learning and associative memory; behavioral assays of AWC-specific daf-2 genes revealed their roles in cognitive function. Combining technology and functional validation, we identified conserved genes that function in specific adult neurons to control behavior, including learning and memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100720"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell genomicsPub Date : 2024-12-11Epub Date: 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100722
Michal Sadowski, Mike Thompson, Joel Mefford, Tanushree Haldar, Akinyemi Oni-Orisan, Richard Border, Ali Pazokitoroudi, Na Cai, Julien F Ayroles, Sriram Sankararaman, Andy W Dahl, Noah Zaitlen
{"title":"Characterizing the genetic architecture of drug response using gene-context interaction methods.","authors":"Michal Sadowski, Mike Thompson, Joel Mefford, Tanushree Haldar, Akinyemi Oni-Orisan, Richard Border, Ali Pazokitoroudi, Na Cai, Julien F Ayroles, Sriram Sankararaman, Andy W Dahl, Noah Zaitlen","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying factors that affect treatment response is a central objective of clinical research, yet the role of common genetic variation remains largely unknown. Here, we develop a framework to study the genetic architecture of response to commonly prescribed drugs in large biobanks. We quantify treatment response heritability for statins, metformin, warfarin, and methotrexate in the UK Biobank. We find that genetic variation modifies the primary effect of statins on LDL cholesterol (9% heritable) as well as their side effects on hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose (10% and 11% heritable, respectively). We identify dozens of genes that modify drug response, which we replicate in a retrospective pharmacogenomic study. Finally, we find that polygenic score (PGS) accuracy varies up to 2-fold depending on treatment status, showing that standard PGSs are likely to underperform in clinical contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":" ","pages":"100722"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}