Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"SARS COV-2 and Inflammation: Its Impact on the Cardiovascular System","authors":"Muneeb Qadir, Saumya Bhagat, H. Quasimi, Intzar Ali, Afreen Khan, Mairaj Ahmed Ansar, I. Alam","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920252","url":null,"abstract":"The novel corona virus is identified as a positive–sense single–stranded RNA virus and member of the coronavirus family. The virus is thought to have originated from Wuhan, China, and acquired the ability of human–to–human transmission. Although most patients with SARS–CoV–2 (previously known as “2019 novel coronavirus”) manifest fever and respiratory tract symptoms. SARS–CoV–2 infection may also involve other organs/systems and present with extra–respiratory manifestations including cardiac, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, neurological, olfactory, gustatory, ocular, cutaneous and hematological symptoms. The severe risk factors are commonly detected in elder patients and with medical comorbidities like cancer, hypertension and diabetes. Since the outbreak The involvement of different organs of the body is explained based on the presence of ACE–2 (angiotensin– converting enzyme 2) in different tissues and cells. Several extra–respiratory manifestations, such as cardiac involvement, acute kidney injury, coagulation disorders, and thrombotic complications, could be associated with a poor prognosis. This review provides a comprehensive presentation of the pathophysiological effects of SARS–CoV– 2 infection on different organs of the body such as CVS (cardiovascular system), CNS (central nervous system), GIT (gastrointestinal tract), Skin, Renal, and Blood.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Antegrade TAVI Migration Successfully Treated with Snare Utilization and Near Valve-in-Valve (Viv) Implantation","authors":"Nikolaos Tsanaxidis, B. Wrigley, J. Cotton, Deepu Balakrishnan","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920290","url":null,"abstract":", Abstract 90-year-old woman admitted urgently in Cardiology ward at New Cross with acute heart failure symptoms on background of severe aortic stenosis. Also reported previous syncopal episodes. On admission echocardiogram performed which revealed aortic valve area of 0.48 cm 2 and mean pressure gradient of 41mmHg. Her Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction was 35%. After stabilizing her with diuresis, she underwent computed tomography TAVI workup.This revealed reasonable ilio-femoral access and estimation of valvular annular size undertaken. Trans-catheter aortic valve implantation eventually took place. Ultrasound guidance used to gain access.6Fr sheath inserted into left femoral artery (graduated pigtail for aortogram),7Fr into left femoral vein (temporary pacing wire) and 6Fr into right femoral artery (RFA) which was pre-closed with 2 Proglides and upgraded to 9Fr sheath. Immediately,the aortic valve crossed in conventional manner and a 26mm Medtronic Evolut pro was implanted [1]. Unfortunately post release the valve migrated into ascending aorta,with pendular movements in an aneurysmal aorta [2]. As the patient was haemodynamically stable we implanted a larger valve after snaring the","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Observations on the Dynamic Change in Caliber of Interarterial Segment of Anomalous Coronary Arteries on CT Angiogram with Chest Pain and Treadmill Test Findings-A Potential ‘Game changer’ Observations in Management","authors":"V. Mahalingam, K. Gadabanahalli, V. Bhat","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920269","url":null,"abstract":"Critical Observations on the Dynamic Change in Caliber of Interarterial Segment of Anomalous Coronary Arteries on CT Angiogram with Chest Pain and Treadmill Test Findings - A Potential ‘Game changer’ Observations in Management. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine 6 (2022): 340-352. Abstract Aims and background The incidence of coronary artery anomaly is rare in the general population, anomalous origin of right coronary artery being the most common. These anomalies, particularly anomalous coronary arteries with an interarterial course (ACAIAC) are potentially dangerous. Due to their low incidence, meticulous clinical and imaging guidelines have not yet been defined in assessing such patients and guiding management. Methods and results CT coronary angiograms of patients who underwent the study for exclusion of coronary artery disease were reviewed. Patients with ACAIAC were recorded. The images were reviewed and reconstructed to measure the caliber and area of the narrowest interarterial segment of ACAIAC in systolic and diastolic phases using Philips Intellispace version 12.1 software. Percentage change in area (p value 0.093) and diameter (p value 0.108) of the interarterial segment in systolic and diastolic segments, was statistically significant between anomalous coronaries with high and low interarterial course. Percentage change in area and diameter between patients with positive and negative TMT findings was also statistically significant (p<0.001 in both cases). Conclusion Significant positive correlation between change in vessel caliber in the interarterial course of coronary arteries during the cardiac cycle and TMT findings, suggests elevated risk of inducible ischemia in patients with significant vessel compression. Hence the change in vessel caliber demonstrated by CT imaging can be used as a potential criterion for risk assessment and management of patients with ACAIAC. in a to the long axis of ACA. Optimal image representative of vessel cross section was selected. Images were viewed with 2-3X magnification and dimensions and area of IAS of coronary were manually at multiple by two observers blinded for clinical details and earlier Range of diastolic and narrowest systolic caliber and area of the interarterial segment of anomalous coronary artery Record of estimated average radiation dose per examination was made.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Technique of Angiogenesis Stimulation (Extracardial Myocardial Revascularization) in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease","authors":"Shevchenko Yu L, Borshchev Gg, Ulbashev Ds","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of Hypoalbuminemia as a Prognostic Factor in Patients admitted to a Tertiary Care Intensive Coronary Care Unit.","authors":"Nimrod Perel,&nbsp;Louay Taha,&nbsp;Rivka Farkash,&nbsp;Yoed Steinmetz,&nbsp;Fauzi Shaheen,&nbsp;Nir Levi,&nbsp;Ziv Dadon,&nbsp;Hani Karameh,&nbsp;Mohamed Karmi,&nbsp;Tomer Maller,&nbsp;Kamal Hamyil,&nbsp;Anna Turyan,&nbsp;Mohamed Manatzra,&nbsp;Feras Bayya,&nbsp;Michael Glikson,&nbsp;Elad Asher","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypoalbuminemia is common in acute and chronic diseases. It has been proposed as a potential biomarker of frailty, which itself is associated with worse outcomes. However, data regarding the level of hypoalbuminemia and its prognosis in contemporary intensive coronary care unit (ICCU) patients is scarce.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All patients who had albumin level on admission to an ICCU at a tertiary care center between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, were included in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their albumin level on admission: low (< 3 g/dL), intermediate (3 g/dL≤ and ≤ 4 g/dL) and high albumin level (> 4 g/dL). Survival and in-hospital interventions and complications were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall 1,036 consecutive patients were included, mean age was 67±16 years and 70% were males. Of them 88 (8.5%) had low, 739 (71.5%) intermediate and 209 (20%) had high albumin levels. In a multivariate cox proportional hazards analysis, low albumin level was independently associated with higher 1-year mortality rate as compared with high albumin level (HR=9.5; 95% CI: 3.2-25.5, p<0.001). Intermediate albumin level had also a trend toward higher 1-year mortality rate as compared with high albumin level (HR=2.1; 95% CI: 0.9-5.6, p=0.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypoalbuminemia in ICCU patients is a poor prognostic factor associated with in-hospital complications and an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality rate, while intermediate albumin level shows a trend towards higher 1-year mortality rate as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"6 6","pages":"536-541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9937588/pdf/nihms-1869699.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10806915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy on Long-Term Renal Function after Coronary Angiography and Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography.","authors":"Hidekazu Moriya,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Mochida,&nbsp;Kunihiro Ishioka,&nbsp;Machiko Oka,&nbsp;Kyoko Maesato,&nbsp;Mizuki Yamano,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Suzuki,&nbsp;Takayasu Ohtake,&nbsp;Sumi Hidaka,&nbsp;Shuzo Kobayashi","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It remains unclear whether contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has a prognostic impact on subsequent renal dysfunction and whether deteriorating renal function is a risk factor for CIN. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of CIN in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction and investigate the long-term effects of worsening renal function after coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). The prognostic factors of worsening renal dysfunction were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective cohort study of patients at risk for CIN, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m² on coronary angiography or eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m² on contrast-enhanced CT. Serum creatinine levels and the 2-year prognosis were evaluated. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level by more than 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% increase from the previous value within 72 hours after contrast administration. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who had serum Cr doubling or induction of dialysis within 2 years according to CIN occurrence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 410 patients, 19 patients developed CIN (8/142 patients on coronary angiography and 11/268 patients on contrast-enhanced CT), and 38 patients had worsened renal function (21/142 patients on coronary angiography and 17/268 patients on contrast-enhanced CT). CIN was not associated with worsening renal function at 2 years. Analysis by renal function at the time of coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced CT (i.e., eGFR ≥30 ml/min/1.73 m² and eGFR ≤1.73 m²) found no between-group difference in the occurrence of CIN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CIN is not a prognostic risk factor for the long-term of chronic kidney disease after coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced CT. Pre-existing renal dysfunction is also not a risk factor for CIN, even if the eGFR is <30 ml/min/1.73 m².</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"6 5","pages":"473-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9536241/pdf/nihms-1838150.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33497183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Multidisciplinary Approach to Post-Radiotherapy Dilative Cardiomyopathy Undergoing Elective Cesarean Delivery: Anesthetic and Intensive Care Management.","authors":"Chiara Sonnino,&nbsp;Luciano Frassanito,&nbsp;Bruno Antonio Zanfini,&nbsp;Stefano Catarci,&nbsp;Cristina Olivieri,&nbsp;Mariano Ciancia,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Santantonio,&nbsp;Gaetano Draisci","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases are the most common non-obstetric cause of maternal death. These cases became more common thanks to the improvement in cardiovascular therapies. A multidisciplinary team is necessary to manage these pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 32 years old women at the 25^th week of gestation for acute heart failure in pre-existing left ventricular dysfunction induced by radio-chemotherapy admitted to the Coronary Unit of IRCCS Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli for worsening of dyspneic symptoms and anuria not responding to diuretic therapy. At the echocardiogram: ejection fraction 30%, enlarged left atrium, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure 38 mmHg, bilateral pleural effusion, bilateral diffused pulmonary B lines. A multidisciplinary team composed by cardiologists, gynecologists, anesthesiologists, cardiac surgeons, neonatologists and bioethicists decided for an elective cesarean delivery at the 27^th week of gestation in the hybrid cardio-thoracic operating theater. Anesthesia was provided by combined spinal-epidural technique under invasive continuous hemodynamic monitoring with the Edwards Lifesciences HemoSphere with Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI) and ForeSight technology (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, USA) through catheterization of the left radial artery. The femoral arteries were left available for extracorporeal circulation. Continuous norepinephrine infusion was started once liquor was collected in the spinal needle at a 0.1 mcg/kg/minute through a central line and was continued until the end of surgery. Fluid management consisted of a total of 200 ml of crystalloids. HPI values never reached alarm values (maximum value =10). The patient was discharged home on the 5^th day after delivery with good hemodynamic compensation. The baby was intubated at birth and then gradually weaned from mechanical ventilation, then discharged.</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":" ","pages":"493-496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9648409/pdf/nihms-1845258.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40489039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post Systolic Motion – A Marker for Ischemia in Left Bundle Branch Block","authors":"Praveen Babu R, A. kumar S, S. V","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920282","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To diagnose ischemia in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) patients non-invasively is always a diagnostic challenge. Many of the non-invasive modalities like stress test, nuclear imaging, cardiac CT and MRI that are routinely used to detect ischemia in recent times have their own limitations when used in patients with LBBB. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) has shown promising results in detecting ischemia in LBBB patients in various studies. Methods: The study population was divided into two groups. Group one included 22 patients with LBBB with left anterior descending artery (LAD) stenosis > 50%. Group two includes 29 patients with LBBB with no or < 50% LAD stenosis. Both groups were subjected to TDI. Results: TDI showed low myocardial systolic velocities (Sm), high late diastolic velocities (Am) and high post-systolic motion (PSM) in patients with LAD stenosis. PSM > 6.3 m/s and Sm/ PSM ratio ≤ 0.8 detected LAD stenosis with 77% sensitivity and 96% specificity. Conclusions: TDI may be useful to identify ischemia in patients with LBBB.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review of Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccination","authors":"M. Nasiri, Marjan Farzad, Majid Zare Bidaki, Hanieh Hakhamaneshi, T. Kazemi, A. Kooshki","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920254","url":null,"abstract":"Citation Kooshki. A Narrative Review of Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccination. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine 6 (2022): 189-195. Abstract M yocarditis is a rare but serious consequence of COVID-19 vaccination. This study conducted a narrative review of the research on vaccine-induced myocarditis regarding the type, dose of vaccine, time to present from the vaccine, cardiac history, the patients were males. The age range was 14-70 years with a mean age of 28.82±14.65 years. The majority of the myocarditis related COVID-19 vaccine cases (73.9%) were associated with the Pfizer-BioNTech following the second dose of the vaccine. The median time to present from the vaccines was 3 days (range, 1-14 days). 93.5% of cases had no previous cardiac history. 91.3% of myocarditis cases were survived and discharged from the hospital.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Physician Involvement During Pediatric Out-of- Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Patient Outcomes: a Japanese Nation-Wide Observational Study","authors":"S. Otaka, Hiroyuki Ohbe, Ryuhei Igeta, T. Chiba, S. Ikeda, T. Shiga","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920279","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The effectiveness of physician involvement during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest has been shown in adults but remains unknown in pediatric patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between physician involvement during pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and patient outcomes. Methods: Using a Japanese nationwide database, we identified pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest from January 2005 to September 2017. We used a generalized linear model to compare outcomes between patients with and without physician involvement during pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The primary outcome was neurologically favourable survival after 1 month. Secondary outcomes were the return of spontaneous circulation and 1-month survival. Results: In total, 24,684 patients were included in this study. In the adjusted analyses, a ‘physician-present’ group showed a lower 1-month neurologically favourable survival rate compared with a ‘physician-absent’ group (difference, -0.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.7–-0.2; P = 0.02). The physician-present group had a higher rate of return of spontaneous circulation than the physician-absent group (difference, 1.4%; 95% CI 0.2–2.5; P = 0.02), but no difference in 1-month survival was observed between the groups (difference, -0.9%; 95% CI -2.0–0.2; P = 0.09). Conclusions: Physician involvement during pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was associated with lower 1-month neurologically favourable survival rates, although it was associated with a better return of spontaneous circulation than that in the physician-absent group.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}