Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine最新文献

{"title":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients for Alteplase or Medical Care Alone or Intervention with/without Alteplase in Palestine (AIS-AMI Palestine)","authors":"M. Habib, Majed Alshounat, Mohammed Salama","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920294","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenols could be Effective in Exerting a Disinfectant-Like Action on Bioprosthetic Heart Valves, Counteracting Bacterial Adhesiveness.","authors":"Filippo Naso,&nbsp;Antonio Maria Calafiore,&nbsp;Mario Gaudino,&nbsp;Peter Zilla,&nbsp;Axel Haverich,&nbsp;Andrea Colli,&nbsp;Robert John Melder,&nbsp;Alessandro Gandaglia","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of infective endocarditis in patients with bioprosthetic heart valves is over 100 times that of the general population with <i>S. aureus</i> recognized as the causative organism in approximately 1/3 of cases. In this study, (1) the microbicidal and virucidal effect of a polyphenolic solution was carefully evaluated. The same solution was then adopted for the treatment of a commercial bioprosthetic heart valve model for (2) the assessment of inhibition of <i>S. aureus</i> adhesiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>(1) the viability of 9 microorganisms strains (colony-forming units) and the infectivity degree of 3 viral strains (cellular infection capacity) were evaluated after suspension in the polyphenolic solution. (2) Leaflets from a treated and untreated commercial surgical valve model were incubated with a known concentration of <i>S. aureus</i>. After incubation, the leaflets were homogenized and placed in specific culture media to quantify the bacterial load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) The polyphenolic solution proved to be effective in eliminating microorganisms strains guaranteeing the killing of at least 99.9%. The effectiveness is particularly relevant against <i>M. chelonae</i> (99.999%). (2) The polyphenol-based treatment resulted in the inhibition of the S. aureus adhesiveness by 96% concerning untreated samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data suggest an interesting protective effect against infections and bacterial adhesiveness by a polyphenolic-based solution. Further studies will plan to extend the panel of microorganisms for the evaluation of the anti-adhesive effect; however, the use of optimized polyphenolic blends could lead to the development of new treatments capable to make transcatheter-valve substitutes more resistant to infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":" ","pages":"487-492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9601395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40652304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Coronavirus-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Admissions for Ischemic Heart Disease.","authors":"Juan Enrique Puche García,&nbsp;Marta Iturregui Guevara,&nbsp;Etelvino Silva García,&nbsp;Raquel Campuzano Ruiz,&nbsp;Rafael Vázquez García","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In early 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused an unprecedented overload for the health service. A decrease in admissions for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) was reported during lockdown, although many aspects remain to be clarified. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic and of lockdown itself in this area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective observational study based on data from patients who visited the emergency department of a tertiary hospital with chest pain during 2018-2020, as well as those who were admitted for ACS. Personal details, date of admission, additional test results (laboratory and echocardiography), and therapy were recorded. Patients were divided into 3 groups: preCOVID (n=1,301), lockdown (n=45), and postlockdown (n=343).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fewer visits to the emergency department for chest pain and admissions for ACS were recorded during lockdown (48.6% and 51.1% respectively, p<0.05). Patients who were admitted during lockdown were characterized by poorer control of cardiovascular risk factors, visited later (more evolving infarctions: 2.7% vs. 14.3%, p<0.05), experienced more echocardiographic complications during admission, and had more than 3-fold mortality rates (both in-hospital and postdischarge).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown itself had a negative effect on ischemic heart disease beyond SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"6 4","pages":"353-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoroscopy Guided Minimally Invasive Swine Model of Myocardial Infarction by Left Coronary Artery Occlusion for Regenerative Cardiology.","authors":"Finosh G Thankam,&nbsp;Mohamed Radwan,&nbsp;Angelo Keklikian,&nbsp;Manreet Atwal,&nbsp;Taj Rai,&nbsp;Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the recent advancements in the cardiac regenerative technologies, the lack of an ideal translationally relevant experimental model simulating the clinical setting of acute myocardial infarction (MI) hurdles the success of cardiac regenerative strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a modified minimally invasive acute MI model in Yucatan miniswine by catheter-driven controlled occlusion of LCX branches for regenerative cardiology. Using a balloon catheter in three pigs, the angiography guided occlusion of LCX for 10-15 minutes resulted in MI induction which was confirmed by the pathological ECG changes compared to the baseline control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ejection fraction was considerably decreased post-procedure compared to the baseline. Importantly, the highly sensitive MI biomarker Troponin I was significantly increased in post-MI and follow-up groups along with LDH and CCK than the baseline control. The postmortem infarct zone tissue displayed the classical features of MI including ECM disorganization, hypertrophy, inflammation, and angiogenesis confirming the MI at the tissue level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present model possesses the advantage of minimal mortality, simulating the pathological features of clinical MI and the suitability for injectable regenerative therapies suggesting the translational significance in regenerative cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"6 5","pages":"466-472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9534332/pdf/nihms-1837495.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33492824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TLR-4 Inhibition Attenuates Inflammation, Thrombosis, and Stenosis in Arteriovenous Fistula in Yucatan Miniswine.","authors":"Vikrant Rai,&nbsp;Mohamed M Radwan,&nbsp;Sunil Nooti,&nbsp;Finosh G Thankam,&nbsp;Harbinder Singh,&nbsp;Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access in hemodialysis patients; however, it is afflicted with a high failure rate. Chronic inflammation, excessive neointimal hyperplasia (NIH), vessel stenosis, early thrombosis, and failure of outward remodeling are the major causes of AVF maturation failure. Inflammatory mediator toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 plays a critical role in NIH, arterial thrombosis, and stenosis. We investigated the effect of TLR-4 inhibition on early thrombosis. Yucatan miniswine were used to create AVF involving femoral artery and femoral vein and treated with TLR-4 inhibitor TAK-242 with ethanol as the vehicle. The vessels were assessed after 12 weeks using histomorphometry, immunostaining, ultrasound, angiography, and optical coherence tomography. Inhibition of TLR-4 attenuated inflammation and early thrombosis in 50% of animals, and blood flow was present through AVF in 25% of animals. Thus, targeting TLR-4 to attenuate inflammation and early thrombosis might be a therapeutic approach to keep AVF patent and maintain blood flow through the outflow vein.</p>","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"6 5","pages":"432-450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9491704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33478340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young South Asian Women with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)-Should we be Worried?","authors":"S. Rehman, A. Siddiqui, Aysha Almas, Aamir Hameed Khan","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920246","url":null,"abstract":"ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)-Should Worried?. Abstract Background and Objective: Young women with STEMI fare worse than men. Data for such patients in particular South Asians (SA) is sparse. Therefore, this study explored the common risk factors, angiographic features and outcomes in these patients. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study done from 2013-2019 on female STEMI patients <45 years who underwent Coronary Catheterization and revascularization at Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan. Subjects with revascularizations or MI were excluded. with Anterior STEMI and PCI was the commonest mode of revascularization. Majority, (82%, n=19) had Single vessel disease with lesions in Left Anterior Descending (LAD). Proximal LAD lesions required stents 27.6 (+10) mm long and 3.0 (+0.4) mm wide on average. Mortality was seen in one patient. A third of patients (n=9) presented with heart failure whereas a quarter (n=7) with hypotension. A minority required mechanical ventilation, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation or temporary pacemaker. Conclusions: STEMI is relatively uncommon in young SA women. Associated risk factors are Diabetes, obesity and positive family history. SVCAD with LAD involvement is the most common pattern. Rates of mortality, heart failure admissions or repeat revascularizations are minimal.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Superselective β1-Blocker Landiolol Enhances Inotropy of Endogenous and Exogenous Catecholamines in Acute Heart Failure","authors":"Thomas J. Feuerstein, G. Krumpl","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920291","url":null,"abstract":"β 1 -Adrenoceptors (β 1 -AR) blocker are an established therapy for the treatment of chronic left ventricular dysfunction. In the acute setting, however, the administration in patients with left ventricular failure is seen controversial, specifically as a potential negative inotropic effect and antagonism of the applied inotropic agents may possibly worsen the clinical situation of the patient. Recently the super selective short acting β 1 -AR Landiolol has been used in patients with acute left ventricular decompensation and, in conjunction with inotropic agents, did not deteriorate but improved the cardiovascular status of the patients. The present work summarizes the theories how a β 1 -AR blocker may act additive to inotropic agents in patients with acute cardiac failure. Specifically , receptor bindings models are presented in which the β 1 -AR blocker Landiolol can induce a positive inotropic response. These models are based on the fact that in patients with left ventricular dysfunction the plasma levels of catecholamines exceed their dissociation constants and rather decrease than improve the inotropic response due to negative cooperativity at the occupied receptor dimers. Low distinct Landiolol concentrations then reduce the negative cooperation and shift the receptor response curve into a more positive inotropic range. This article may thus help to minimise the reservations to the treatment of acute left ventricular deterioration with the super selective beta blocker Landiolol and positive inotropic agents. More so as the dose range calculated for Landiolol in these models and the one’s used in the intensive care setting prove to be identical.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greek CPR BLS Certified Providers have Confidence in Covid19 Vaccination. A Cohort Analysis in the Pre-Mandatory Vaccination Period by the Hellenic Society of Cardiology","authors":"G. Latsios, M. Leopoulou, A. Synetos, Evangelia Stamatopoulou, C. Parisis","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Trends in Hypertension: Takeaways from the 2021 KDIGO Guidelines for the Management of Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"M. Tinawi","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920239","url":null,"abstract":"The new 2021 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines on the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients were published in March 2021 in Kidney International. The full issue exceeds 80 pages. The author of this article aims to provide a succinate summary of the main points of the guidelines with special emphasis on the changes introduced since the previous 2012 guidelines. These KDIGO guidelines are evidence-based, and they are graded accordingly. As with any recent hypertension guidelines, they incorporate and emphasize the results of The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) published in 2015.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right Ventricular Infarction Secondary to Extensive Bilateral Pulmonary Emboli in the Setting of Negative D-dimer: A Case Report and Mini-Review","authors":"Fariba Yazdanpanah, Bulent Zaim, C. Hunter, Robyn Anderson, Vivek Bahl","doi":"10.26502/fccm.92920265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fccm.92920265","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the presentations of venous thromboembolism (VTE) which can be potentially life-threatening by causing cardiovascular collapse. Commonly, a negative D-dimer assay is accepted for ruling out PE; however, there have been cases such as this case that challenge current practice. Case presentation: This case report presents an 83-year-old female with sudden onset shortness of breath associated with low oxygen saturation on the physical exam. Initial workup revealed elevated levels of troponin-T and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide with preliminary normal D-dimer assay. At the start, the patient managed as Right Ventricular (RV) infarction with remarkable findings of RV dysfunction and pressure overload in transthoracic echocardiogram. Eventually chest CT angiogram documented extensive bilateral pulmonary emboli (PE), and interestingly, D-dimer became positive 5 days after the diagnosis of PE. Cardiol Cardiovasc Med 2022; 6 (3): 301-307 DOI: 10.26502/fccm.92920265 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Vol. 6 No. 3 – June 2022. [ISSN 2572-9292] 302 Conclusions: This case report is a rare case of initial negative D-dimer in the setting of extensive bilateral PE which caused right ventricular infarction. The literature review demonstrated only a few cases of PE in the setting of negative D-dimer. This unusual clinical scenario presents a diagnostic challenge in patients with low or moderate clinical probability for PE; even some current practices indicate stopping further diagnostic work-up if the D-dimer is negative in these groups. To mitigate negative outcomes in patients with low or moderate clinical probability, other strategies have been proposed to make an early diagnosis of PE such as triple combination modalities; however, they require additional analysis and consideration before they can be routinely recommended.","PeriodicalId":72523,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}