Brain and neuroscience advances最新文献_第8页

Distributed interactive brain circuits for object-in-place memory: A place for time? 对象就地记忆的分布式交互脑回路:时间的位置?

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-06-30 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820933471

John P Aggleton, Andrew J D Nelson

{"title":"Distributed interactive brain circuits for object-in-place memory: A place for time?","authors":"John P Aggleton, Andrew J D Nelson","doi":"10.1177/2398212820933471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212820933471","url":null,"abstract":"Rodents will spontaneously learn the location of an individual object, an ability captured by the object-in-place test. This review considers the network of structures supporting this behavioural test, as well as some potential confounds that may affect interpretation. A hierarchical approach is adopted, as we first consider those brain regions necessary for two simpler, 'precursor' tests (object recognition and object location). It is evident that performing the object-in-place test requires an array of areas additional to those required for object recognition or object location. These additional areas include the rodent medial prefrontal cortex and two thalamic nuclei (nucleus reuniens and the medial dorsal nucleus), both densely interconnected with prefrontal areas. Consequently, despite the need for object and location information to be integrated for the object-in-place test, for example, via the hippocampus, other contributions are necessary. These contributions stem from how object-in-place is a test of associative recognition, as none of the individual elements in the test phase are novel. Parallels between the structures required for object-in-place and for recency discriminations, along with a re-examination of the demands of the object-in-place test, signal the integration of temporal information within what is usually regarded as a spatial-object test.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 ","pages":"2398212820933471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212820933471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38403051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Impairments in sensory-motor gating and information processing in a mouse model of Ehmt1 haploinsufficiency. Ehmt1单倍体缺陷小鼠模型的感觉运动门控和信息处理能力受损

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-06-18 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820928647

Brittany A Davis, François David, Ciara O'Regan, Manal A Adam, Adrian J Harwood, Vincenzo Crunelli, Anthony R Isles

{"title":"Impairments in sensory-motor gating and information processing in a mouse model of Ehmt1 haploinsufficiency.","authors":"Brittany A Davis, François David, Ciara O'Regan, Manal A Adam, Adrian J Harwood, Vincenzo Crunelli, Anthony R Isles","doi":"10.1177/2398212820928647","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212820928647","url":null,"abstract":"Regulators of chromatin dynamics and transcription are increasingly implicated in the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Haploinsufficiency of EHMT1, encoding a histone methyltransferase, is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders, including Kleefstra syndrome, developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder. Using a mouse model of Ehmt1 haploinsufficiency (Ehmt1 D6Cre/+), we examined a number of brain and behavioural endophenotypes of relevance to neurodevelopmental disorders. Specifically, we show that Ehmt1 D6Cre/+ mice have deficits in information processing, evidenced by abnormal sensory-motor gating, a complete absence of object recognition memory, and a reduced magnitude of auditory evoked potentials in both paired-pulse inhibition and mismatch negativity. The electrophysiological experiments show that differences in magnitude response to auditory stimulus were associated with marked reductions in total and evoked beta- and gamma-band oscillatory activity, as well as significant reductions in phase synchronisation. The pattern of electrophysiological deficits in Ehmt1 D6Cre/+ matches those seen in control mice following administration of the selective NMDA-R antagonist, ketamine. This, coupled with reduction of Grin1 mRNA expression in Ehmt1 D6Cre/+ hippocampus, suggests that Ehmt1 haploinsufficiency may lead to disruption in NMDA-R. Taken together, these data indicate that reduced Ehmt1 dosage during forebrain development leads to abnormal circuitry formation, which in turn results in profound information processing deficits. Such information processing deficits are likely paramount to our understanding of the cognitive and neurological dysfunctions shared across the neurodevelopmental disorders associated with EHMT1 haploinsufficiency.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 ","pages":"2398212820928647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7479861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38500509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prefrontal-hippocampal interaction during the encoding of new memories. 新记忆编码过程中前额叶-海马体的相互作用。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-06-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820925580

Kaori Takehara-Nishiuchi

{"title":"Prefrontal-hippocampal interaction during the encoding of new memories.","authors":"Kaori Takehara-Nishiuchi","doi":"10.1177/2398212820925580","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212820925580","url":null,"abstract":"The hippocampus rapidly forms associations among ongoing events as they unfold and later instructs the gradual stabilisation of their memory traces in the neocortex. Although this two-stage model of memory consolidation has gained substantial empirical support, parallel evidence from rodent studies suggests that the neocortex, in particular the medial prefrontal cortex, might work in concert with the hippocampus during the encoding of new experiences. This opinion article first summarises findings from behavioural, electrophysiological, and molecular studies in rodents that uncovered immediate changes in synaptic connectivity and neural selectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex during and shortly after novel experiences. Based on these findings, I then propose a model positing that the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus might use different strategies to encode information during novel experiences, leading to the parallel formation of complementary memory traces in the two regions. The hippocampus captures moment-to-moment changes in incoming inputs with accurate spatial and temporal contexts, whereas the medial prefrontal cortex may sort the inputs based on their similarity and integrates them over time. These processes of pattern recognition and integration enable the medial prefrontal cortex to, in real time, capture the central content of novel experience and emit relevancy signal that helps to enhance the contrast between the relevant and incidental features of the experience. This hypothesis serves as a framework for future investigations on the potential top-down modulation that the medial prefrontal cortex may exert over the hippocampus to enable the selective, perhaps more intelligent encoding of new information.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 ","pages":"2398212820925580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212820925580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38500510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Comparison of conventional and rapid-acting antidepressants in a rodent probabilistic reversal learning task. 常规和速效抗抑郁药在啮齿动物概率逆转学习任务中的比较。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-02-23 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820907177

Matthew P Wilkinson, John P Grogan, Jack R Mellor, Emma S J Robinson

{"title":"Comparison of conventional and rapid-acting antidepressants in a rodent probabilistic reversal learning task.","authors":"Matthew P Wilkinson, John P Grogan, Jack R Mellor, Emma S J Robinson","doi":"10.1177/2398212820907177","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212820907177","url":null,"abstract":"Deficits in reward processing are a central feature of major depressive disorder with patients exhibiting decreased reward learning and altered feedback sensitivity in probabilistic reversal learning tasks. Methods to quantify probabilistic learning in both rodents and humans have been developed, providing translational paradigms for depression research. We have utilised a probabilistic reversal learning task to investigate potential differences between conventional and rapid-acting antidepressants on reward learning and feedback sensitivity. We trained 12 rats in a touchscreen probabilistic reversal learning task before investigating the effect of acute administration of citalopram, venlafaxine, reboxetine, ketamine or scopolamine. Data were also analysed using a Q-learning reinforcement learning model to understand the effects of antidepressant treatment on underlying reward processing parameters. Citalopram administration decreased trials taken to learn the first rule and increased win-stay probability. Reboxetine decreased win-stay behaviour while also decreasing the number of rule changes animals performed in a session. Venlafaxine had no effect. Ketamine and scopolamine both decreased win-stay probability, number of rule changes performed and motivation in the task. Insights from the reinforcement learning model suggested that reboxetine led animals to choose a less optimal strategy, while ketamine decreased the model-free learning rate. These results suggest that reward learning and feedback sensitivity are not differentially modulated by conventional and rapid-acting antidepressant treatment in the probabilistic reversal learning task.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 ","pages":"2398212820907177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37777897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of the immune system in driving neuroinflammation. 免疫系统在驱动神经炎症中的作用。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-01-29 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819901082

Caitlín Ní Chasaide, Marina A Lynch

{"title":"The role of the immune system in driving neuroinflammation.","authors":"Caitlín Ní Chasaide, Marina A Lynch","doi":"10.1177/2398212819901082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212819901082","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroinflammation is now recognised as an important contributory factor in the progression of Alzheimer's disease and probably also in the early stages of the disease. It is likely that this derives largely from aberrant activation of microglia, the resident mononuclear phagocytes of the brain. These cells are responsible for physiological immune surveillance and clearance of pathogens in the central nervous system, but evidence indicates that in Alzheimer's disease, microglial function is compromised, and this contributes to the pathology. It is unclear what factors cause the inappropriate activation of the microglia in Alzheimer's disease, but one contributor may be infiltrating peripheral immune cells and these include macrophages and T cells. It has been suggested that both cell types modulate the phenotype of microglia, highlighting the importance of crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune system in Alzheimer's disease. This review outlines our current knowledge of how cells of the peripheral immune system, specifically macrophages and T cells, may modulate microglial phenotype in the context of Alzheimer's disease and considers the impact on their function, especially phagocytic capacity.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 ","pages":"2398212819901082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212819901082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37777896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Precommissural and postcommissural fornix microstructure in healthy aging and cognition. 健康老龄化和认知中的穹窿前和穹窿后微结构。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-01-22 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819899316

Bethany M Coad, Emma Craig, Rebecca Louch, John P Aggleton, Seralynne D Vann, Claudia Metzler-Baddeley

{"title":"Precommissural and postcommissural fornix microstructure in healthy aging and cognition.","authors":"Bethany M Coad, Emma Craig, Rebecca Louch, John P Aggleton, Seralynne D Vann, Claudia Metzler-Baddeley","doi":"10.1177/2398212819899316","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212819899316","url":null,"abstract":"The fornix is a key tract of the hippocampal formation, whose status is presumed to contribute to age-related cognitive decline. The precommissural and postcommissural fornix subdivisions form respective basal forebrain/frontal and diencephalic networks that may differentially affect aging and cognition. We employed multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including neurite orientation density and dispersion imaging, quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT), and T1-relaxometry MRI to investigate the microstructural properties of these fornix subdivisions and their relationship with aging and cognition in 149 asymptomatic participants (38-71 years). Aging was associated with increased free water signal and reductions in myelin-sensitive R1 and qMT indices but no apparent axon density differences in both precommissural and postcommissural fibers. Precommissural relative to postcommissural fibers showed a distinct microstructural pattern characterised by larger free water signal and axon orientation dispersion, with lower apparent myelin and axon density. Furthermore, differences in postcommissural microstructure were related to performance differences in object-location paired-associate learning. These results provide novel in vivo neuroimaging evidence for distinct microstructural properties of precommissural and postcommissural fibers that are consistent with their anatomy as found in axonal tracer studies, as well as for a contribution of postcommissural fibers to the learning of spatial configurations.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 ","pages":"2398212819899316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37777895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organisation of cingulum bundle fibres connecting the anterior thalamic nuclei with the rodent anterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortices 连接丘脑前核与啮齿动物前扣带和脾后皮质的扣带束纤维的组织

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820957160

Emma J. Bubb, A. Nelson, Thomas C. Cozens, J. Aggleton

{"title":"Organisation of cingulum bundle fibres connecting the anterior thalamic nuclei with the rodent anterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortices","authors":"Emma J. Bubb, A. Nelson, Thomas C. Cozens, J. Aggleton","doi":"10.1177/2398212820957160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212820957160","url":null,"abstract":"Despite considerable interest in the properties of the cingulum bundle, descriptions of the composition of this major pathway in the rodent brain have not kept pace with advances in tract tracing. Using complementary approaches in rats and mice, this study examined the dense, reciprocal connections the anterior thalamic nuclei have with the cingulate and retrosplenial cortices, connections thought to be major contributors to the rodent cingulum bundle. The rat data came from a mixture of fluorescent and viral tracers, some injected directly into the bundle. The mouse data were collated from the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. The projections from the three major anterior thalamic nuclei occupied much of the external medullary stratum of the cingulum bundle, where they were concentrated in its more medial portions. These anterior thalamic projections formed a rostral-reaching basket of efferents prior to joining the cingulum bundle, with anteromedial efferents taking the most rostral routes, often reaching the genu of the corpus callosum, while anterodorsal efferents took the least rostral route. In contrast, the return cortico-anterior thalamic projections frequently crossed directly through the bundle or briefly joined the internal stratum of the cingulum bundle, often entering the internal capsule before reaching the anterior thalamus. These analyses confirm that anterior thalamic connections comprise an important component of the rodent cingulum bundle, while also demonstrating the very different routes used by thalamo-cortical and cortico-thalamic projections. This information reveals how the composition of the cingulum bundle alters along its length.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212820957160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49455767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A half century of γ-aminobutyric acid. γ-氨基丁酸的半个世纪。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-11-27 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819858249

Trevor G Smart, F Anne Stephenson

{"title":"A half century of γ-aminobutyric acid.","authors":"Trevor G Smart, F Anne Stephenson","doi":"10.1177/2398212819858249","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212819858249","url":null,"abstract":"γ-aminobutyric acid has become one of the most widely known neurotransmitter molecules in the brain over the last 50 years, recognised for its pivotal role in inhibiting neural excitability. It emerged from studies of crustacean muscle and neurons before its significance to the mammalian nervous system was appreciated. Now, after five decades of investigation, we know that most neurons are γ-aminobutyric-acid-sensitive, it is a cornerstone of neural physiology and dysfunction to γ-aminobutyric acid signalling is increasingly documented in a range of neurological diseases. In this review, we briefly chart the neurodevelopment of γ-aminobutyric acid and its two major receptor subtypes: the γ-aminobutyric acidA and γ-aminobutyric acidB receptors, starting from the humble invertebrate origins of being an 'interesting molecule' acting at a single γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type, to one of the brain's most important neurochemical components and vital drug targets for major therapeutic classes of drugs. We document the period of molecular cloning and the explosive influence this had on the field of neuroscience and pharmacology up to the present day and the production of atomic γ-aminobutyric acidA and γ-aminobutyric acidB receptor structures. γ-Aminobutyric acid is no longer a humble molecule but the instigator of rich and powerful signalling processes that are absolutely vital for healthy brain function.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"3 ","pages":"2398212819858249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a7/a1/10.1177_2398212819858249.PMC7058221.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9458318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

G-protein αq gene expression plays a role in alcohol tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. g蛋白αq基因表达在果蝇酒精耐受中起作用。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-11-01 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819883081

Benjamin Aleyakpo, Oghenetega Umukoro, Ryan Kavlie, Daniel C Ranson, Andrew Thompsett, Olivia Corcoran, Stefano O Casalotti

{"title":"G-protein αq gene expression plays a role in alcohol tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Benjamin Aleyakpo, Oghenetega Umukoro, Ryan Kavlie, Daniel C Ranson, Andrew Thompsett, Olivia Corcoran, Stefano O Casalotti","doi":"10.1177/2398212819883081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212819883081","url":null,"abstract":"Ethanol is a psychoactive substance causing both short- and long-term behavioural changes in humans and animal models. We have used the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the effect of ethanol exposure on the expression of the Gαq protein subunit. Repetitive exposure to ethanol causes a reduction in sensitivity (tolerance) to ethanol, which we have measured as the time for 50% of a set of flies to become sedated after exposure to ethanol (ST50). We demonstrate that the same treatment that induces an increase in ST50 over consecutive days (tolerance) also causes a decrease in Gαq protein subunit expression at both the messenger RNA and protein level. To identify whether there may be a causal relationship between these two outcomes, we have developed strains of flies in which Gαq messenger RNA expression is suppressed in a time- and tissue-specific manner. In these flies, the sensitivity to ethanol and the development of tolerance are altered. This work further supports the value of Drosophila as a model to dissect the molecular mechanisms of the behavioural response to alcohol and identifies G proteins as potentially important regulatory targets for alcohol use disorders.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":" ","pages":"2398212819883081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212819883081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37732419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Trajectory of hippocampal fibres to the contralateral anterior thalamus and mammillary bodies in rats, mice, and macaque monkeys 大鼠、小鼠和猕猴海马纤维至对侧前丘脑和乳头体的轨迹

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819871205

M. L. Mathiasen, Rebecca C. Louch, A. Nelson, C. M. Dillingham, J. Aggleton

{"title":"Trajectory of hippocampal fibres to the contralateral anterior thalamus and mammillary bodies in rats, mice, and macaque monkeys","authors":"M. L. Mathiasen, Rebecca C. Louch, A. Nelson, C. M. Dillingham, J. Aggleton","doi":"10.1177/2398212819871205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212819871205","url":null,"abstract":"The routes by which the hippocampal formation projects bilaterally to the anterior thalamic nuclei and mammillary bodies were examined in the mouse, rat, and macaque monkey. Despite using different methods and different species, the principal pattern remained the same. For both target areas, the contralateral hippocampal (subiculum) projections arose via efferents in the postcommissural fornix ipsilateral to the tracer injection, which then crossed hemispheres both in or just prior to reaching the target site within the thalamus or hypothalamus. Precommissural fornix fibres could not be followed to the target areas. There was scant evidence that the ventral hippocampal commissure or decussating fornix fibres contribute to these crossed subiculum projections. Meanwhile, a small minority of postsubiculum projections in the mouse were seen to cross in the descending fornix at the level of the caudal septum to join the contralateral postcommissural fornix before reaching the anterior thalamus and lateral mammillary nucleus on that side. Although the rodent anterior thalamic nuclei also receive nonfornical inputs from the subiculum and postsubiculum via the ipsilateral internal capsule, few, if any, of these projections cross the midline. It was also apparent that nuclei within the head direction system (anterodorsal thalamic nucleus, laterodorsal thalamic nucleus, and lateral mammillary nucleus) receive far fewer crossed hippocampal inputs than the other anterior thalamic or mammillary nuclei. The present findings increase our understanding of the fornix and its component pathways while also informing disconnection analyses involving the hippocampal formation and diencephalon.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212819871205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48984153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13