Brain and neuroscience advances最新文献_第10页

Acetylcholine and cholinergic receptors. 乙酰胆碱和胆碱能受体。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-03-21 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818820506

David A Brown

引用次数: 36

Starting and stopping movement by the primate brain. 灵长类动物大脑开始和停止运动。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-03-15 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819837149

Roger Lemon, Alexander Kraskov

引用次数: 6

A future for neuronal oscillation research. 神经元振荡研究的未来。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-03-01 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818794827

Miles A Whittington, Roger D Traub, Natalie E Adams

{"title":"A future for neuronal oscillation research.","authors":"Miles A Whittington, Roger D Traub, Natalie E Adams","doi":"10.1177/2398212818794827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212818794827","url":null,"abstract":"Neuronal oscillations represent the most obvious feature of electrical activity in the brain. They are linked in general with global brain state (awake, asleep, etc.) and specifically with organisation of neuronal outputs during sensory perception and cognitive processing. Oscillations can be generated by individual neurons on the basis of interaction between inputs and intrinsic conductances but are far more commonly seen at the local network level in populations of interconnected neurons with diverse arrays of functional properties. It is at this level that the brain's rich and diverse library of oscillatory time constants serve to temporally organise large-scale neural activity patterns. The discipline is relatively mature at the microscopic (cell, local network) level - although novel discoveries are still commonplace - but requires a far greater understanding of mesoscopic and macroscopic brain dynamics than we currently hold. Without this, extrapolation from the temporal properties of neurons and their communication strategies up to whole brain function will remain largely theoretical. However, recent advances in large-scale neuronal population recordings and more direct, higher fidelity, non-invasive measurement of whole brain function suggest much progress is just around the corner.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"2 ","pages":"2398212818794827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212818794827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37732196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug? 认知增强中的神经伦理问题:莫达非尼作为工作场所用药的例子?

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-02-15 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818816018

Annette B Brühl, Camilla d'Angelo, Barbara J Sahakian

{"title":"Neuroethical issues in cognitive enhancement: Modafinil as the example of a workplace drug?","authors":"Annette B Brühl, Camilla d'Angelo, Barbara J Sahakian","doi":"10.1177/2398212818816018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212818816018","url":null,"abstract":"The use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by healthy individuals has been a feature for much of recorded history. Cocaine and amphetamine are modern cases of drugs initially enthusiastically acclaimed for enhancing cognition and mood. Today, an increasing number of healthy people are reported to use cognitive-enhancing drugs, as well as other interventions, such as non-invasive brain stimulation, to maintain or improve work performance. Cognitive-enhancing drugs, such as methylphenidate and modafinil, which were developed as treatments, are increasingly being used by healthy people. Modafinil not only affects 'cold' cognition, but also improves 'hot' cognition, such as emotion recognition and task-related motivation. The lifestyle use of 'smart drugs' raises both safety concerns as well as ethical issues, including coercion and increasing disparity in society. As a society, we need to consider which forms of cognitive enhancement (e.g. pharmacological, exercise, lifelong learning) are acceptable and for which groups under what conditions and by what methods we would wish to improve and flourish.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":" ","pages":"2398212818816018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212818816018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37733052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Corrigendum. 勘误表。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-01-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819829629

引用次数: 0

Catecholamines: Knowledge and understanding in the 1960s, now, and in the future. 儿茶酚胺：对二十世纪六十年代、现在和未来的认识和理解。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-01-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818810682

S Clare Stanford, David J Heal

{"title":"Catecholamines: Knowledge and understanding in the 1960s, now, and in the future.","authors":"S Clare Stanford, David J Heal","doi":"10.1177/2398212818810682","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212818810682","url":null,"abstract":"The late 1960s was a heyday for catecholamine research. Technological developments made it feasible to study the regulation of sympathetic neuronal transmission and to map the distribution of noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain. At last, it was possible to explain the mechanism of action of some important drugs that had been used in the clinic for more than a decade (e.g. the first generation of antidepressants) and to contemplate the rational development of new treatments (e.g. l-dihydroxyphenylalanine therapy, to compensate for the dopaminergic neuropathy in Parkinson's disease, and β1-adrenoceptor antagonists as antihypertensives). The fact that drug targeting noradrenergic and/or dopaminergic transmission are still the first-line treatments for many psychiatric disorders (e.g. depression, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is a testament to the importance of these neurotransmitters and the research that has helped us to understand the regulation of their function. This article celebrates some of the highlights of research at that time, pays tribute to some of the subsequent landmark studies, and appraises the options for where it could go next.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":" ","pages":"2398212818810682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/6f/10.1177_2398212818810682.PMC7058270.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37733607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local field potentials in dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus reflect rewards but not travel time costs during foraging. 背前扣带沟的局部场电位反映觅食过程中的奖励，但不反映觅食过程中的旅行时间成本。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-01-18 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818817932

Arjun Ramakrishnan, Benjamin Y Hayden, Michael L Platt

{"title":"Local field potentials in dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus reflect rewards but not travel time costs during foraging.","authors":"Arjun Ramakrishnan, Benjamin Y Hayden, Michael L Platt","doi":"10.1177/2398212818817932","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2398212818817932","url":null,"abstract":"To maximise long-term reward rates, foragers deciding when to leave a patch must compute a decision variable that reflects both the immediately available reward and the time costs associated with travelling to the next patch. Identifying the mechanisms that mediate this computation is central to understanding how brains implement foraging decisions. We previously showed that firing rates of dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus neurons incorporate both variables. This result does not provide information about whether integration of information reflected in dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus spiking activity arises locally or whether it is inherited from upstream structures. Here, we examined local field potentials gathered simultaneously with our earlier recordings. In the majority of recording sites, local field potential spectral bands - specifically theta, beta, and gamma frequency ranges - encoded immediately available rewards but not time costs. The disjunction between information contained in spiking and local field potentials can constrain models of foraging-related processing. In particular, given the proposed link between local field potentials and inputs to a brain area, it raises the possibility that local processing within dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus serves to more fully bind immediate reward and time costs into a single decision variable.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":" ","pages":"2398212818817932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212818817932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37733053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Remembering the order of serially presented objects: A matter of time? 记住按顺序呈现的物体的顺序:时间问题?

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819883088

G. Barker, O. Evuarherhe, E. Warburton

{"title":"Remembering the order of serially presented objects: A matter of time?","authors":"G. Barker, O. Evuarherhe, E. Warburton","doi":"10.1177/2398212819883088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212819883088","url":null,"abstract":"Remembering the sequence, in which stimuli are encountered or events have occurred, is a key process in episodic memory and can also facilitate recognition memory. Rodents, when presented with a sequence of objects, will explore the object encountered first; yet, whether this behaviour is because the rodents spontaneously encode the order of stimuli presentation or because of relative familiarity or temporal decay is unknown. Here, we tested sequence memory in rats using a series of spontaneous preference tasks. Experiment 1 demonstrated that when rats are presented with a sequence of four objects, with an inter-sample interval of 5 min or 1 h, they preferentially explored the object presented earlier in the list irrespective of the inter-sample interval. We then demonstrated that such memory for order was not affected by increasing or decreasing the inter-sample interval between the middle objects (Experiment 2). Finally, we showed that memory for order is not a function of absolute object familiarity, as animals showed clear discrimination between the objects presented in the sample phases and a novel object, independent of the sample objects’ position in the sequence (Experiment 3). These results show that animals are able to encode the order of objects presented in a sequence, and as such temporal order memory is not achieved using the process of relative or absolute familiarity or temporal decay.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212819883088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48078685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Mapping the impact of exposure to maternal immune activation on juvenile Wistar rat brain macro- and microstructure during early post-natal development 产后早期暴露于母体免疫激活对幼年Wistar大鼠大脑宏观和微观结构的影响

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212819883086

Tobias C. Wood, Michelle E. Edye, M. Harte, J. Neill, E. Prinssen, A. Vernon

{"title":"Mapping the impact of exposure to maternal immune activation on juvenile Wistar rat brain macro- and microstructure during early post-natal development","authors":"Tobias C. Wood, Michelle E. Edye, M. Harte, J. Neill, E. Prinssen, A. Vernon","doi":"10.1177/2398212819883086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2398212819883086","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal immune activation is consistently associated with elevated risk for multiple psychiatric disorders in the affected offspring. Related to this, an important goal of our work is to explore the impact of maternal immune activation effects across the lifespan. In this context, we recently reported the effects of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid–induced maternal immune activation at gestational day 15, immediately prior to birth, at gestational day 21 and again at post-natal day 21, providing a systematic assessment of plasma interleukin 6, body temperature and weight alterations in pregnant rats and preliminary evidence for gross morphological changes and microglial neuropathology in both male and female offsprings at these time points. Here, we sought to complement and extend these data by characterising in more detail the mesoscale impact of gestational polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid exposure at gestational day 15 on the neuroanatomy of the juvenile (post-natal day 21) rat brain using high-resolution, ex vivo anatomical magnetic resonance imaging in combination with atlas-based segmentation. Our preliminary data suggest subtle neuroanatomical effects of gestational polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid exposure (n = 10) relative to saline controls (n = 10) at this time-point. Specifically, we found an increase in the relative volume of the diagonal domain in polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid offspring (p < 0.01 uncorrected), which just failed to pass stringent multiple comparisons correction (actual q = 0.07). No statistically significant microstructural alterations were detectable using diffusion tensor imaging. Further studies are required to map the proximal effects of maternal immune activation on the developing rodent brain from foetal to early post-natal life and confirm our findings herein.","PeriodicalId":72444,"journal":{"name":"Brain and neuroscience advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2398212819883086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48519654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Deep brain stimulation: An overview of history, methods, and future developments. 脑深部刺激:历史、方法和未来发展综述。

Brain and neuroscience advances Pub Date : 2018-12-12 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818816017

Laurie Pycroft, John Stein, Tipu Aziz

引用次数: 46