BME frontiers最新文献

{"title":"Recent Advances and Future Directions in Sonodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Priyankan Datta, Sreejesh Moolayadukkam, Dhrubajyoti Chowdhury, Adnan Rayes, Nan Sook Lee, Rakesh P Sahu, Qifa Zhou, Ishwar K Puri","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bmef.0080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep-tissue solid cancer treatment has a poor prognosis, resulting in a very low 5-year patient survival rate. The primary challenges facing solid tumor therapies are accessibility, incomplete surgical removal of tumor tissue, the resistance of the hypoxic and heterogeneous tumor microenvironment to chemotherapy and radiation, and suffering caused by off-target toxicities. Here, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an evolving therapeutic approach that uses low-intensity ultrasound to target deep-tissue solid tumors. The ability of ultrasound to deliver energy safely and precisely into small deep-tissue (>10 cm) volumes makes SDT more effective than conventional photodynamic therapy. While SDT is currently in phase 1/2 clinical trials for glioblastoma multiforme, its use for other solid cancer treatments, such as breast, pancreatic, liver, and prostate cancer, is still in the preclinical stage, with further investigation required to improve its therapeutic efficacy. This review, therefore, focuses on recent advances in SDT cancer treatments. We describe the interaction between ultrasound and sonosensitizer molecules and the associated energy transfer mechanism to malignant cells, which plays a central role in SDT-mediated cell death. Different sensitizers used in clinical and preclinical trials of various cancer treatments are listed, and the critical ultrasound parameters for SDT are reviewed. We also discuss approaches to improve the efficacies of these sonosensitizers, the role of the 3-dimensional spheroid in vitro investigations, ultrasound-controlled CAR-T cell and SDT-based multimodal therapy, and machine learning for sonosensitizer optimization, which could facilitate clinical translation of SDT.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"2024 ","pages":"0080"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of C-Reactive Protein Dual-Particle Latex-Enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Reagents.","authors":"Yanyan Liu, Meijiao Li, Hao Zhang, Le Gao, Jitao Liu, Xuetong Zhu, Chenzhong Li, Shan Liu, Yue Hou, Jiancheng Xu","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bmef.0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective and Impact Statement:</b> This study aims to couple C-reactive protein (CRP) antibodies onto latex spheres of 2 different sizes to enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of CRP detection. Furthermore, it seeks to establish a robust methodological framework crucial for advancing the development of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric detection reagents. <b>Introduction:</b> CRP, an acute-phase protein, rapidly elevates in response to infections or tissue damage. Double-particle latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry offers important advantages for accurately measuring CRP levels. <b>Methods:</b> CRP antibodies were coupled with 2 sizes of polystyrene latex spheres. Coupling rates were evaluated to determine optimal conditions. Particle sizes suitable for CRP detection, as well as coupling and mixing ratios, were optimized using automated biochemical analysis. Transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and size changes of CRP antibodies and coupled latex spheres before and after immune reaction. <b>Results:</b> Optimization identified 168- and 80-nm latex sphere sizes, with CRP antibody coupling rates of 92% and 91%, respectively. The optimal ratios were 10:1.5 for large latex spheres to polyclonal antibodies and 5:1.5 for small latex spheres to monoclonal antibodies. A 1:8 mixing ratio of large to small latex spheres was effective. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform sizes postcoupling, maintaining dispersion with no morphological changes. CRP reacted with the double-particle latex reagent, forming immune complexes that exhibited agglutination. Mixed latex spheres showed varied agglutination states with CRP concentration, altering solution absorbance. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study validates the efficacy of the dual-particle-size CRP antibody latex reagent, highlighting its potential for future immunoturbidimetric analysis applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0085"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Hg²⁺ Using a Dual-Mode Biosensing Probe Constructed Using Ratiometric Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters@Zirconia Metal-Organic Framework/<i>N</i>-Methyl Mesoporphyrin IX and Colorimetry G-Quadruplex/Hemin Peroxidase-Mimicking G-Quadruplex DNAzyme.","authors":"Shikha Jain, Monika Nehra, Neeraj Dilbaghi, Ganga Ram Chaudhary, Sandeep Kumar","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bmef.0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mercury (Hg²⁺) has been recognized as a global pollutant with a toxic, mobile, and persistent nature. It adversely affects the ecosystem and human health. Already developed biosensors for Hg²⁺ detection majorly suffer from poor sensitivity and specificity. Herein, a colorimetric/fluorimetric dual-mode sensing approach is designed for the quantitative detection of Hg²⁺. This novel sensing approach utilizes nanofluorophores, i.e., fluorescent copper nanoclusters-doped zirconia metal-organic framework (CuNCs@Zr-MOF) nanoconjugate (blue color) and <i>N</i>-methyl mesoporphyrin IX (NMM) (red color) in combination with peroxidase-mimicking G-quadruplex DNAzyme (PMDNAzyme). In the presence of Hg²⁺, dabcyl conjugated complementary DNA with T-T mismatches form the stable duplex with the CuNCs@Zr-MOF@G-quadruplex structure through T-Hg²⁺-T base pairing. It causes the quenching of fluorescence of CuNCs@Zr-MOF (463 nm) due to the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system. Moreover, the G-quadruplex (G4) structure of the aptamer enhances the fluorescence emission of NMM (610 nm). Besides this, the peroxidase-like activity of G4/hemin DNAzyme offers the colorimetric detection of Hg²⁺. The formation of duplex with PMDNAzyme increases the catalytic activity. This novel biosensing probe quantitatively detected Hg²⁺ using both fluorimetry and colorimetry approaches with a low detection limit of 0.59 and 36.3 nM, respectively. It was also observed that the presence of interfering metal ions in case of real aqueous samples does not affect the performance of this novel biosensing probe. These findings confirm the considerable potential of the proposed biosensing probe to screen the concentration of Hg²⁺ in aquatic products.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0078"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RGX Ensemble Model for Advanced Prediction of Mortality Outcomes in Stroke Patients.","authors":"Jing Fang, Baoying Song, Lingli Li, Linfeng Tong, Miaowen Jiang, Jianzhuo Yan","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0077","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmef.0077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This paper aims to address the clinical challenge of predicting the outcomes of stroke patients and proposes a comprehensive model called RGX to help clinicians adopt more personalized treatment plans. <b>Impact Statement:</b> The comprehensive model is first proposed and applied to clinical datasets with missing data. The introduction of the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) model to explain the impact of patient indicators on prognosis improves the accuracy of stroke patient mortality prediction. <b>Introduction:</b> At present, the prediction of stroke treatment outcomes faces many challenges, including the lack of models to quantify which clinical variables are closely related to patient survival. <b>Methods:</b> We developed a series of machine learning models to systematically predict the mortality of stroke patients. Additionally, by introducing the SHAP model, we revealed the contribution of risk factors to the prediction results. The performance of the models was evaluated using multiple metrics, including the area under the curve, accuracy, and specificity, to comprehensively measure the effectiveness and stability of the models. <b>Results:</b> The RGX model achieved an accuracy of 92.18% on the complete dataset, an improvement of 11.38% compared to that of the most advanced state-of-the-art model. Most importantly, the RGX model maintained excellent predictive ability even when faced with a dataset containing a large number of missing values, achieving an accuracy of 84.62%. <b>Conclusion:</b> In summary, the RGX ensemble model not only provides clinicians with a highly accurate predictive tool but also promotes the understanding of stroke patient survival prediction, laying a solid foundation for the development of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0077"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel System for Fabricating Microspheres with Microelectromechanical System-Based Bioprinting Technology.","authors":"Yifeng Xu, Bao Jiang, Fangfang Liu, Hua Zhang, Dan Li, Xiaohui Tang, Xiuming Yang, Yan Sheng, Xuanye Wu, Nan Shi","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0076","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmef.0076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective and Impact Statement:</b> The microspheres were widely utilized in the field of life sciences, and we have developed an innovative microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based bioprinting technology (MBT) system for the preparation of the microspheres. The microspheres can be automatically and high-throughput produced with this cutting-edge system. <b>Introduction and Methods:</b> This paper mainly introduced a novel, efficient, and cost-effective approach for the microsphere fabrication with the MBT system. In this work, the whole microsphere production equipment was built and the optimal conditions (like concentration, drying temperature, frequency, and voltage) for generating uniform hydroxypropyl cellulose-cyclosporine A (HPC-CsA) and poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) microspheres were explored. <b>Results:</b> Results demonstrated that the optimal uniformity of HPC-CsA microspheres was achieved at 2% (w/v) HPC-CsA mixture, 45 °C (drying temperature), 1,000 Hz (frequency), and 25 V (voltage amplitude). CsA microspheres [coefficient of variation (CV): ~9%] are successfully synthesized, and the drug encapsulation rate was 84.8%. The methodology was further used to produce PLLA microspheres with a diameter of ~2.55 μm, and the best CV value achieved 6.84%. <b>Conclusion:</b> This investigation fully highlighted the integration of MEMS and bioprinting as a promising tool for the microsphere fabrication, and this MBT system had huge potential applications in pharmaceutical formulations and medical aesthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0076"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11576531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cationized Decalcified Bone Matrix for Infected Bone Defect Treatment.","authors":"Le Chen, Yuying Ai, Ruonan Wu, Zhaoyan Guo, Yang Li, Jie Li, Feng Qu, Shun Duan, Fu-Jian Xu","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0066","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmef.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> We aim to develop a dual-functional bone regeneration scaffold (Q<i>x</i>-D) with antibacterial and osteogenic properties for infected bone defect treatment. <b>Impact Statement:</b> This study provides insights into antibacterial components that could be combined with naturally derived materials through a facile Schiff base reaction, offering a potential strategy to enhance antibacterial properties. <b>Introduction:</b> Naturally derived decalcified bone matrix (DBM) has been reported to be porous and biodegradable. DBM can induce various cell differentiations and participate in immune regulation, making it an ideal bone regeneration scaffold for bone defects. However, DBM does not exhibit antimicrobial properties. Therefore, it is essential to develop antibacterial functionalization method for DBM. <b>Methods:</b> DBM was modified with a macromolecular quaternary ammonium salt (QPEI). A series of Q<i>x</i>-D with tunable feeding ratios were synthesized through Schiff base reaction. The morphology, chemical property, in vitro antibacterial efficiency, in vitro biocompatibility, osteogenic property, and in vivo anti-infection performances were characterized. <b>Results:</b> All Q<i>x</i>-D exhibited marked antibacterial properties. Small adjustments in feed concentration could not induce changes in antibacterial properties. However, cell viability slightly decreased with increasing feed concentration. Q10-D demonstrated significant antibacterial properties and could promote recovery of infected bone defect in an animal model. <b>Conclusion:</b> Q<i>x</i>-D shows marked antibacterial properties and good biocompatibility. Moreover, Q10-D could be a potential choice for infected bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0066"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Janus Adhesive Hydrogel with Integrated Attack and Defense for Bacteria Killing and Antifouling.","authors":"Kai Ren, Xiang Ke, Miao Zhang, Yuan Ding, Hao Wang, Hong Chen, Jing Xie, Jianshu Li","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0059","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmef.0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Skin wound exposed to complex external environment for a long time is highly susceptible to bacterial infection. <b>Impact Statement:</b> This work designs a Janus adhesive dual-layer hydrogel containing in situ silver nanoparticles (named PSAP/DXP@AgNPs) with integrated attack and defense to simultaneously kill the existing bacteria and prevent foreign bacterial contamination. <b>Introduction:</b> The current gauze dressing fixed by tape fails to well fit at skin wound and lacks intrinsic antibacterial property, making it highly prone to causing secondary infection. Moreover, foreign bacteria may contaminate the wound dressing during use, further increasing the risk of secondary infection. <b>Methods:</b> In this work, a Janus adhesive dual-layer PSAP/DXP@AgNPs hydrogel is prepared by sequentially building the PSAP gel layer containing zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide) (PSBMA) on the DXP@AgNPs gel layer containing in situ catechol-reduced AgNPs. <b>Results:</b> The flexible PSAP/DXP@AgNPs can adapt shape change of skin and adhere to skin tissue with interfacial toughness of 153.38 J m^-2 relying on its DXP@AgNPs layer, which is beneficial to build favorable fit. The in situ reduced AgNPs released from the DXP@AgNPs layer of PSAP/DXP@AgNPs exhibit obvious antibacterial effects against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with antibacterial rates of 99% and 88%, respectively. Meanwhile, the hydrated PSAP layer of PSAP/DXP@AgNPs containing PSBMA is able to prevent the bacterial contamination, decreasing the risk of secondary infection. Besides, cell experiments demonstrate that PSAP/DXP@AgNPs is biocompatible. <b>Conclusion:</b> The PSAP/DXP@AgNPs hydrogel with integrated attack and defense simultaneously possessing bacteria-killing and bacteria-antifouling properties is a potential alternative in treating infected skin wound.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0059"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Neural Networks in Human Brain Organoids.","authors":"Longjun Gu, Hongwei Cai, Lei Chen, Mingxia Gu, Jason Tchieu, Feng Guo","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0065","DOIUrl":"10.34133/bmef.0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human brain organoids are 3-dimensional brain-like tissues derived from human pluripotent stem cells and hold promising potential for modeling neurological, psychiatric, and developmental disorders. While the molecular and cellular aspects of human brain organoids have been intensively studied, their functional properties such as organoid neural networks (ONNs) are largely understudied. Here, we summarize recent research advances in understanding, characterization, and application of functional ONNs in human brain organoids. We first discuss the formation of ONNs and follow up with characterization strategies including microelectrode array (MEA) technology and calcium imaging. Moreover, we highlight recent studies utilizing ONNs to investigate neurological diseases such as Rett syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the future challenges and opportunities for using ONNs in basic research and translational applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0065"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is the Magical Cavitation Bubble: A Holistic Perspective to Trigger Advanced Bubbles, Nano-Sonocatalysts, and Cellular Sonosensitizers.","authors":"Xiaoge Wu, Fulong Chen, Qi Zhang, Juan Tu","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bmef.0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a novel and highly researched advancement in the medical field. Traditional ultrasound contrast agents and novel bubble-shaped agents are used to stimulate cavitation and enhance SDT efficiency. However, the impact of artificially modified shell structures on the acoustic properties of microbubbles remains to be explored. Alternatively, in the absence of bubble-shaped agents, some clinically available organic sonosensitizers and advanced inorganic materials are also used to enhance the efficacy of SDT. Diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound can also activate cavitation bubbles, which supply energy to sonosensitive agents, leading to the production of cytotoxic free radicals to achieve therapeutic effects. While inorganic materials often spark controversy in clinical applications, their relatively simple structure enables researchers to gain insight into the mechanism by which SDT produces various free radicals. Some organic-inorganic hybrid sonosensitive systems have also been reported, combining the benefits of inorganic and organic sonosensitive agents. Alternatively, by employing cell surface modification engineering to enable cells to perform functions such as immune escape, drug loading, gas loading, and sonosensitivity, cellular sonosensitizers have also been developed. However, further exploration is needed on the acoustic properties, ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and potential clinical application of this cellular sonosensitizer. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of vesical microbubbles and nanoscale sonocatalysts, including organic, inorganic, combined organic-inorganic sonosensitizers, and cellular sonosensitizers. This analysis will enhance our understanding of SDT and demonstrate its important potential in transforming medical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0067"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Assembly of 1DZnO and Anti-CYFRA 21-1: A Physicochemical Approach to Optical Biosensing.","authors":"Rafael A Salinas, Shirlley E Martínez Tolibia, Patricia G Zayas-Bazán, Sandra E Rodil, Mathew T Mathew, Andrés Navarrete, Guillermo Santana, Ateet Dutt","doi":"10.34133/bmef.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bmef.0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> We conducted a comprehensive physicochemical analysis of one-dimensional ZnO nanowires (1DZnO), incorporating anti-CYFRA 21-1 immobilization to promote fast optical biomarker detection up to 10 ng ml^-1. <b>Impact Statement:</b> This study highlights the effectiveness of proof-of-concept 1DZnO nanoplatforms for rapid cancer biomarker detection by examining the nanoscale integration of 1DZnO with these bioreceptors to deliver reliable photoluminescent output signals. <b>Introduction:</b> The urgent need for swift and accurate prognoses in healthcare settings drives the rise of sensitive biosensing nanoplatforms for cancer detection, which has benefited from biomarker identification. CYFRA 21-1 is a reliable target for the early prediction of cancer formation that can be perceptible in blood, saliva, and serum. However, 1DZnO nanostructures have been barely applied for CYFRA 21-1 detection. <b>Methods:</b> We assessed the nanoscale interaction between 1DZnO and anti-CYFRA 21-1 antibodies to develop rapid CYFRA 21-1 detection in two distinct matrices: PhosphateBuffered Saline (PBS) buffer and artificial saliva. The chemical modifications were tracked utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed antigen-antibody interplay over nanostructures. <b>Results:</b> Our results show high antibody immobilization efficiencies, affirming the effectiveness of 1DZnO nanoplatforms for rapid CYFRA 21-1 testing within a 5-min detection window in both PBS and artificial saliva. Photoluminescence measurements also revealed distinct optical responses across biomarker concentrations ranging from 10 to 1,000 ng ml^-1. <b>Conclusion:</b> Discernible PL signal responses obtained after 5 min affirm the potential of 1DZnO nanoplatforms for further advancement in optical biomarker detection for application in early cancer prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72430,"journal":{"name":"BME frontiers","volume":"5 ","pages":"0064"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11408934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}