BMC biomedical engineering最新文献

{"title":"Electric field stimulation for tissue engineering applications.","authors":"Christina N M Ryan,&nbsp;Meletios N Doulgkeroglou,&nbsp;Dimitrios I Zeugolis","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-00046-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-020-00046-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electric fields are involved in numerous physiological processes, including directional embryonic development and wound healing following injury. To study these processes in vitro and/or to harness electric field stimulation as a biophysical environmental cue for organised tissue engineering strategies various electric field stimulation systems have been developed. These systems are overall similar in design and have been shown to influence morphology, orientation, migration and phenotype of several different cell types. This review discusses different electric field stimulation setups and their effect on cell response.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-020-00046-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38780755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel suprachoroidal microinvasive glaucoma implant: in vivo biocompatibility and biointegration.","authors":"Ian Grierson,&nbsp;Don Minckler,&nbsp;Marian K Rippy,&nbsp;Andrew J Marshall,&nbsp;Nathalie Collignon,&nbsp;Jessica Bianco,&nbsp;Benoit Detry,&nbsp;Murray A Johnstone","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-00045-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-020-00045-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A major challenge for any glaucoma implant is their ability to provide long-term intraocular pressure lowering efficacy. The formation of a low-permeability fibrous capsule around the device often leads to obstructed drainage channels, which may impair the drainage function of devices. These foreign body-related limitations point to the need to develop biologically inert biomaterials to improve performance in reaching long-term intraocular pressure reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo (in rabbits) the ocular biocompatibility and tissue integration of a novel suprachoroidal microinvasive glaucoma implant, MINIject™ (iSTAR Medical, Wavre, Belgium).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In two rabbit studies, no biocompatibility issue was induced by the suprachoroidal, ab-externo implantation of the MINIject™ device. Clinical evaluation throughout the 6 post-operative months between the sham and test groups were similar, suggesting most reactions were related to the ab-externo surgical technique used for rabbits, rather than the implant material itself. Histological analysis of ocular tissues at post-operative months 1, 3 and 6 revealed that the implant was well-tolerated and induced only minimal fibroplasia and thus minimal encapsulation around the implant. The microporous structure of the device became rapidly colonized by cells, mostly by macrophages through cell migration, which do not, by their nature, impede the flow of aqueous humor through the device. Time-course analysis showed that once established, pore colonization was stable over time. No fibrosis nor dense connective tissue development were observed within any implant at any time point. The presence of pore colonization may be the process by which encapsulation around the implant is minimized, thus preserving the permeability of the surrounding tissues. No degradation nor structural changes of the implant occurred during the course of both studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The novel MINIject™ microinvasive glaucoma implant was well-tolerated in ocular tissues of rabbits, with observance of biointegration, and no biocompatibility issues. Minimal fibrous encapsulation and stable cellular pore colonization provided evidence of preserved drainage properties over time, suggesting that the implant may produce a long-term ability to enhance aqueous outflow.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"2 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-020-00045-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38605838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bismuth nanoparticles obtained by a facile synthesis method exhibit antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>.","authors":"Roberto Vazquez-Munoz,&nbsp;M Josefina Arellano-Jimenez,&nbsp;Jose L Lopez-Ribot","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-00044-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-020-00044-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bismuth compounds are known for their activity against multiple microorganisms; yet, the antibiotic properties of bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) remain poorly explored. The objective of this work is to further the research of BiNPs for nanomedicine-related applications. Stable Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated BiNPs were produced by a chemical reduction process, in less than 30 min.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We produced stable, small, spheroid PVP-coated BiNPs with a crystalline organization. The PVP-BiNPs showed potent antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacterium <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and antifungal activity against the opportunistic pathogenic yeast <i>Candida albicans</i>, both under planktonic and biofilm growing conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that BiNPs represent promising antimicrobial nanomaterials, and this facile synthetic method may allow for further investigation of their activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"2 ","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-020-00044-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38605839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tourniquet-induced nerve compression injuries are caused by high pressure levels and gradients - a review of the evidence to guide safe surgical, pre-hospital and blood flow restriction usage.","authors":"Bassam A Masri,&nbsp;Andrew Eisen,&nbsp;Clive P Duncan,&nbsp;James A McEwen","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-00041-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-020-00041-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tourniquets in orthopaedic surgery safely provide blood free surgical fields, but their use is not without risk. Tourniquets can result in temporary or permanent injury to underlying nerves, muscles, blood vessels and soft tissues. Advances in safety, accuracy and reliability of surgical tourniquet systems have reduced nerve-related injuries by reducing pressure levels and pressure gradients, but that may have resulted in reduced awareness of potential injury mechanisms. Short-term use of pre-hospital tourniquets is effective in preventing life-threatening blood loss, but a better understanding of the differences between tourniquets designed for pre-hospital vs surgical use will provide a framework around which to develop guidelines for admitting to hospital individuals with pre-applied tourniquets. Recent evidence supports the application of tourniquets for blood flow restriction (BFR) therapy to reduce muscular atrophy, increase muscle strength, and stimulate bone growth. BFR therapy when appropriately prescribed can augment a surgeon's treatment plan, improving patient outcomes and reducing recovery time. Key risks, hazards, and mechanisms of injury for surgical, BFR therapy, and pre-hospital tourniquet use are identified, and a description is given of how advances in personalized tourniquet systems have reduced tourniquet-related injuries in these broader settings, increasing patient safety and how these advances are improving treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"2 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-020-00041-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38357694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of action, chemical characteristics, and model systems of obesogens.","authors":"Mallory D Griffin, Sean R Pereira, Megan K DeBari, Rosalyn D Abbott","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-00040-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42490-020-00040-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is increasing evidence for the role of environmental endocrine disrupting contaminants, coined obesogens, in exacerbating the rising obesity epidemic. Obesogens can be found in everyday items ranging from pesticides to food packaging. Although research shows that obesogens can have effects on adipocyte size, phenotype, metabolic activity, and hormone levels, much remains unknown about these chemicals. This review will discuss what is currently known about the mechanisms of obesogens, including expression of the PPARs, hormone interference, and inflammation. Strategies for identifying obesogenic chemicals and their mechanisms through chemical characteristics and model systems will also be discussed. Ultimately, research should focus on improving models to discern precise mechanisms of obesogenic action and to test therapeutics targeting these mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"2 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7422567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38358004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quaternions as a solution to determining the angular kinematics of human movement.","authors":"John H Challis","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-00039-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-020-00039-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The three-dimensional description of rigid body kinematics is a key step in many studies in biomechanics. There are several options for describing rigid body orientation including Cardan angles, Euler angles, and quaternions; the utility of quaternions will be reviewed and elaborated. The orientation of a rigid body or a joint between rigid bodies can be described by a quaternion which consists of four variables compared with Cardan or Euler angles (which require three variables). A quaternion, <i>q</i> = (<i>q</i> ₀, <i>q</i> ₁, <i>q</i> ₂, <i>q</i> ₃), can be considered a rotation (Ω = 2 cos^-1(<i>q</i> ₀)), about an axis defined by a unit direction vector <math> <mfenced> <mrow><msub><mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn></msub> <mo>/</mo> <mo>sin</mo> <mfenced><mfrac><mi>Ω</mi> <mn>2</mn></mfrac> </mfenced> </mrow> <mrow><msub><mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> <mo>/</mo> <mo>sin</mo> <mfenced><mfrac><mi>Ω</mi> <mn>2</mn></mfrac> </mfenced> </mrow> <mrow><msub><mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn></msub> <mo>/</mo> <mo>sin</mo> <mfenced><mfrac><mi>Ω</mi> <mn>2</mn></mfrac> </mfenced> </mrow> </mfenced> <mspace></mspace></math> . The quaternion, compared with Cardan and Euler angles, does not suffer from singularities or Codman's paradox. Three-dimensional angular kinematics are defined on the surface of a unit hypersphere which means numerical procedures for orientation averaging and interpolation must take account of the shape of this surface rather than assuming that Euclidean geometry based procedures are appropriate. Numerical simulations demonstrate the utility of quaternions for averaging three-dimensional orientations. In addition the use of quaternions for the interpolation of three-dimensional orientations, and for determining three-dimensional orientation derivatives is reviewed. The unambiguous nature of defining rigid body orientation in three-dimensions using a quaternion, and its simple averaging and interpolation gives it great utility for the kinematic analysis of human movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"2 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-020-00039-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38358003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of transtibial prosthetic use in deep tissue injury development: a scoping review.","authors":"Marisa Graser, Sarah Day, Arjan Buis","doi":"10.1186/s42490-020-0036-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42490-020-0036-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The soft tissue of the residual limb in transtibial prosthetic users encounters unique biomechanical challenges. Although not intended to tolerate high loads and deformation, it becomes a weight-bearing structure within the residuum-prosthesis-complex. Consequently, deep soft tissue layers may be damaged, resulting in Deep Tissue Injury (DTI). Whilst considerable effort has gone into DTI research on immobilised individuals, only little is known about the aetiology and population-specific risk factors in amputees. This scoping review maps out and critically appraises existing research on DTI in lower-limb prosthetic users according to (1) the population-specific aetiology, (2) risk factors, and (3) methodologies to investigate both.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A systematic search within the databases Pubmed, Ovid Excerpta Medica, and Scopus identified 16 English-language studies. The results indicate that prosthetic users may be at risk for DTI during various loading scenarios. This is influenced by individual surgical, morphological, and physiological determinants, as well as the choice of prosthetic componentry. However, methodological limitations, high inter-patient variability, and small sample sizes complicate the interpretation of outcome measures. Additionally, fundamental research on cell and tissue reactions to dynamic loading and on prosthesis-induced alterations of the vascular and lymphatic supply is missing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We therefore recommend increased interdisciplinary research endeavours with a focus on prosthesis-related experimental design to widen our understanding of DTI. The results have the potential to initiate much-needed clinical advances in surgical and prosthetic practice and inform future pressure ulcer classifications and guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"2 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7422482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38359778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing preclinical models of neuroblastoma: driving therapeutic testing.","authors":"Kimberly J Ornell,&nbsp;Jeannine M Coburn","doi":"10.1186/s42490-019-0034-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-019-0034-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advances in cancer therapeutics, particularly in the area of immuno-oncology, successful treatment of neuroblastoma (NB) remains a challenge. NB is the most common cancer in infants under 1 year of age, and accounts for approximately 10% of all pediatric cancers. Currently, children with high-risk NB exhibit a survival rate of 40-50%. The heterogeneous nature of NB makes development of effective therapeutic strategies challenging. Many preclinical models attempt to mimic the tumor phenotype and tumor microenvironment. In vivo mouse models, in the form of genetic, syngeneic, and xenograft mice, are advantageous as they replicated the complex tumor-stroma interactions and represent the gold standard for preclinical therapeutic testing. Traditional in vitro models, while high throughput, exhibit many limitations. The emergence of new tissue engineered models has the potential to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo models for therapeutic testing. Therapeutics continue to evolve from traditional cytotoxic chemotherapies to biologically targeted therapies. These therapeutics act on both the tumor cells and other cells within the tumor microenvironment, making development of preclinical models that accurately reflect tumor heterogeneity more important than ever. In this review, we will discuss current in vitro and in vivo preclinical testing models, and their potential applications to therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"1 ","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-019-0034-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38358692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Osteogenic potential of heterogeneous and CD271-enriched mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on apatite-wollastonite 3D scaffolds.","authors":"Sylvia Müller,&nbsp;Lyndsey Nicholson,&nbsp;Naif Al Harbi,&nbsp;Elena Mancuso,&nbsp;Elena Jones,&nbsp;Anne Dickinson,&nbsp;Xiao Nong Wang,&nbsp;Kenneth Dalgarno","doi":"10.1186/s42490-019-0033-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-019-0033-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s42490-019-0015-y.].</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"1 ","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-019-0033-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38358680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring physiological signals on people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy for an active trunk support: a case study.","authors":"Stergios Verros,&nbsp;Laura Peeters,&nbsp;Arjen Bergsma,&nbsp;Edsko E G Hekman,&nbsp;Gijsbertus J Verkerke,&nbsp;Bart F J M Koopman","doi":"10.1186/s42490-019-0032-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42490-019-0032-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arm support devices are available to support people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), but active trunk support devices are lacking. An active trunk support device can potentially extend the reach of the arm and stabilize the unstable trunk of people with DMD. In a previous study, we showed that healthy people were able to control an active trunk support using four different control interfaces (based on joystick, force on feet, force on sternum and surface electromyography). All four control interfaces had different advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this study was to explore which of the four inputs is detectably used by people with DMD to control an active trunk support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results were subject-dependent in both experiments. In the active experiment, the joystick was the most promising control interface. Regarding the static experiment, surface electromyography and force on feet worked for two out of the three subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first time that people with DMD have engaged in a control task using signals other than those related to their arm muscles. According to our findings, the control interfaces have to be customised to every DMD subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":72425,"journal":{"name":"BMC biomedical engineering","volume":"1 ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s42490-019-0032-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38456101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}