Biomedical engineering advances最新文献

{"title":"Advanced biomedical imaging for identifying blood cell type: Integrating segmentation, feature extraction, and GraphSAGE model","authors":"Nur Mohammad Fahad ,&nbsp;Mohaimenul Azam Khan Raiaan ,&nbsp;Arefin Ittesafun Abian ,&nbsp;Ripon Kumar Debnath ,&nbsp;Sidratul Montaha ,&nbsp;Mirjam Jonkman ,&nbsp;Sami Azam","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The analysis of blood, including red blood cells (RBC) and different types of white blood cells (WBCs) plays a major role in the diagnosis of certain diseases. Automated segmentation of blood cells and their components can assist clinicians in effectively making diagnoses; however, it is quite challenging Objective: This study proposes a computerized approach to assessing the significance of biomedical imaging. It presents a framework for segmenting blood cells as well as their nuclei from the histopathological images of multiple datasets. Additionally, a custom algorithm is developed for blood cell counting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study introduces two automated methods for WBC analysis, including image segmentation to distinguish between WBCs and RBCs, the nuclei of the WBC, and classifying WBC types using clinically important features. An effective segmentation approach with image preprocessing algorithms is developed for automatic counting of WBCs and RBCs. An improved GraphSAGE model is constructed to classify blood cells. Clinically relevant features are extracted from segmented WBCs and nuclei for a final dataset. Feature ranking analysis identifies optimal features and reduces dimensionality, aiding graph dataset construction based on data similarity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our proposed model achieved an accuracy of 96.67 %. A comparative analysis with benchmark models is done to assess the effectiveness of the model. The explainability of the model is addressed to enhance the transparency of the diagnostic system and provide insight into the decision-making process.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Leveraging the automated, simultaneous segmentation of blood cells and exploring their relationships for effective classification substantially helps to improve the reliability and applicability of this diagnostic system and aid clinicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cells in regenerative medicine: Unlocking therapeutic potential through stem cell therapy, 3D bioprinting, gene editing, and drug discovery","authors":"Idris Zubairu Sadiq ,&nbsp;Fatima Sadiq Abubakar ,&nbsp;Babangida Sanusi Katsayal ,&nbsp;Bashiru Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Auwal Adamu ,&nbsp;Mohammed Aliyu Usman ,&nbsp;Mukhtar Aliyu ,&nbsp;Mukhtar Adeiza Suleiman ,&nbsp;Aliyu Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stem Cells (SCs) have become potentially instrumental in addressing many human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, age-related diseases and tissue defects. The unique ability of SCs to multiply indefinitely and differentiate into various cell types makes them invaluable in regenerative medicine and treatment. Regenerative medicine is an advancing field that focuses on restoring tissue and organ function in individuals with severe injuries and chronic illnesses. Pluripotent cells, capable of adopting roles from any of the three germ layers, exhibit exceptional versatility and are promising for a wide range of medical conditions. They also offer a solution to limitations posed by animal models in understanding specific disorders. Recent breakthroughs have shown that combining SCs with cutting-edge technologies like 3D bioprinting and 3D culture systems can revolutionize tissue engineering and organ regeneration. 3D bioprinting allows precise construction of complex tissue structures, bringing us closer to recreating functional organs for transplantation. Moreover, the integration of SCs with gene editing techniques presents unprecedented opportunities for precise genetic modification, correcting disease-causing mutations and opening avenues for personalized therapies. In addition, SCs play an important role in drug discovery and testing, serving as valuable models for studying disease mechanisms and screening potential therapeutic biomolecules. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of SCs, transcription factors, diverse therapeutic applications of these cells as well as their role in the fields of tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting, 3D culture systems, gene editing, disease modeling, and drug discovery and testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico model of mechano-biochemical bone remodeling characterizes the therapeutic effects of osteoporosis drugs depending on the action mechanism","authors":"Yoshitaka Kameo ,&nbsp;Kei Imai ,&nbsp;Yuki Miya ,&nbsp;Young Kwan Kim ,&nbsp;Taiji Adachi","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoporosis stems from an imbalance between bone resorption and formation during bone remodeling, a mechano-biochemical coupling event that intercellular signaling regulates among the bone cells in response to the mechanical environment. Osteoporosis treatment necessitates the modulation of impaired bone remodeling by drug administration to restore an appropriate balance in bone resorption–formation. Characterizing the therapeutic effects of osteoporosis drugs based on their molecular mechanisms of action is crucial to prevent adverse effects and improve the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we characterized the therapeutic effects of osteoporosis drugs using an <em>in silico</em> model of mechano-biochemical bone remodeling, enabling examination of its spatial and temporal behaviors. We conducted computer simulations to assess osteoporosis drug treatments using two drugs with different mechanisms of action: an anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) antibody (denosumab) and a RANKL production inhibitor. Both drugs restored functionally-adapted trabecular bone morphology when dosages were appropriately adjusted. However, denosumab exhibited more stable therapeutic effects despite dosage changes in osteoporosis treatment. Thus, our medication simulation effectively depicted the therapeutic effects of osteoporosis drugs, illustrating their efficacy based on their mechanisms of action. We expect that medication simulations utilizing an <em>in silico</em> model of mechano-biochemical bone remodeling will expedite the drug discovery process by thoroughly analyzing molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ dynamics during drug treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new vision upon hemodialysis: A shift from synthetic to sustainable chitosan membranes","authors":"Maria Martingo,&nbsp;Sara Baptista-Silva,&nbsp;Manuela Pintado,&nbsp;Sandra Borges","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article provides a comprehensive review of chronic kidney disease (CKD), covering its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. It highlights CKD's increasing prevalence globally and its significant impact on public health due to its association with cardiovascular diseases and progression to end-stage kidney disease. The article delves into the diagnostic criteria, including the use of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria levels, and outlines the stages of CKD to facilitate early detection and management. It also discusses renal replacement therapies (RRT) such as dialysis and transplantation, comparing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in terms of efficiency, complications, and quality of life impacts.</div><div>The transition towards sustainable dialysis involves the innovative integration of chitosan, a biopolymer into membrane technology. Current synthetic membranes, though functional, fall short in biocompatibility and sustainability. Chitosan's introduction aims to mitigate these issues by harnessing its advantageous biological and eco-friendly properties. Leveraging chitosan not only addresses environmental concerns by providing a sustainable alternative but also exploits the full potential of its properties to revolutionize RRT. The shift towards chitosan-enriched membranes represents a significant stride in advancing dialysis treatment, focusing on patient safety, environmental sustainability, and the effective management of CKD. This approach underscores the importance of innovation in healthcare, specifically in the development of dialysis technologies that prioritize both patient welfare and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-newtonian fluid lens for wearable planewave ultrasound imaging system","authors":"Pisharody Harikrishnan Gopalakrishnan ,&nbsp;Mahesh Raveendranatha Panicker","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafast ultrasound imaging using planewaves has been found significant for many applications in the recent past. This work proposes a novel method for converging planewaves for wearable ultrafast ultrasound imaging systems using a concave non-Newtonian fluid lens. Due to the concave shape of the designed non-Newtonian fluid lens, ultrasound wave convergence on transmit can be achieved, which could enable deeper imaging with planewaves. Further, by employing multi-angle planewaves, a high-resolution high frame rate ultrasound imaging system can be developed. The proposed passive ultrasound converging lens demonstrated satisfactory performance for in vitro imaging (wire phantoms and steel screw phantoms) and in vivo imaging (human carotid artery and upper arm). The in vitro and in vivo results showed an improvement of 47.31 % of lateral resolution, 44.57 % of intensity with significant contrast to noise ratio improvement greater than 3 dB and observable drop in acoustic clutter levels at 7.6 MHz centre frequency. The proposed non-Newtonian fluid lens demonstrated 18 % of dehydration rate, suitable for continuous long period ultrasound imaging. The utility of the proposed approach was further confirmed by observing an increase in wave intensity with decreased radius of curvature values of the lens used in the system, which is of significance in focused ultrasound applications. The passive ultrasound non-Newtonian converging lens with the adjustable focusing capability, ergonomic design, and low cost of deployment without significantly altering the existing setup would open doors for upgradation of traditional systems to a wide range of applications in high frame-rate US imaging system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Architected Materials for External Breast Prostheses","authors":"Sibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Jennifer Xue ,&nbsp;Xiao Yu ,&nbsp;Yunlan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer among women, with mastectomy often performed as a standard treatment or preventive measure. Post-surgery, breast prostheses are essential for restoring appearance, balance, and confidence. However, conventional silicone external prostheses often fall short in addressing key challenges such as comfort, weight, heat management, and personalization. This study presents a new design framework for External Breast Prostheses (EBPs) utilizing gyroid-based architected materials fabricated through additive manufacturing. By mimicking the density, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties of natural breast tissue, the proposed design achieves advancements in realism and functionality. Tailored gyroid unit cell geometries enable precise control over weight distribution, thermal regulation, and stiffness, aligning with the properties of natural tissue. Guided by numerical simulations and validated through experimental testing, this approach produces a lightweight, breathable, and realistic prosthesis that can enhance comfort and functionality. This approach highlights the transformative potential of advanced imaging and 3D printing technologies in creating customizable, high-performance solutions to improve the quality of life for breast cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of fluid-structure interaction: blood flow in arteries","authors":"Zubeir Allum Saib ,&nbsp;Farid Abed ,&nbsp;Mergen H. Ghayesh ,&nbsp;Marco Amabili","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, Fluid-Structure Interaction studies related to blood vessels have been an active area of research, as they adequately capture the multiphysics of blood flow within the circulatory system. Despite the growing interest, only few state-of-the-art reviews have been published in the literature, each focusing individually on the coronary artery, carotid artery, aorta, heart valves and peripheral arteries. This systematic review assesses the current research and implications of Fluid-Structure Interaction implementation strategies in relation to human arteries. It is meant to comprehensively amalgamate research studies on an array of arteries coupled with cardiovascular complications such as atherosclerosis, plaque calcification, aneurysms, aortic dissections and valve dysfunction. It additionally covers computational finite element and finite volume solver demands, coupling schemes, inlet and outlet boundary conditions specifications, Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood rheological properties, laminar and turbulent flow types, as well as the modelling of the vessel wall’s hyperelastic and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. The research information is retrieved from the last ten years and summarized in a tabulated format, to help researchers in easily extracting useful information for future investigations and reviews.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECG-based cardiac arrhythmia classification using fuzzy encoded features and deep neural networks","authors":"Kiruthika Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;Durgadevi Velusamy ,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Ramasamy ,&nbsp;Lisiane Pruinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiac arrhythmia, characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, is a leading cause of sudden and unexpected deaths among patients with cardiovascular diseases. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely utilized non-invasive tool for detecting cardiac arrhythmias. This study investigates the effectiveness of ECG signals in diagnosing various irregular heart rhythms and proposes a novel framework integrating a fuzzy system with deep neural networks. Our approach combines Fourier–Bessel Series Expansion (FBSE)-Tunable Q Wavelet Transform (TQWT) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for automatic arrhythmia classification. Compared to conventional deep learning models that rely on raw ECG signals, our method enhances interpretability and feature extraction by incorporating time–frequency analysis and fuzzy feature encoding. Experimental validation using the MIT-BIH dataset demonstrated that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art models in classifying five arrhythmia categories (N, SVEB, VEB, Q, and F) based on the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) standards. Our model achieved precision scores of 0.98 (N), 0.95 (F), 0.98 (VEB), 0.90 (SVEB), and 0.99 (Q), with corresponding recall values of 1.00 (N), 0.74 (F), 0.93 (VEB), 0.72 (SVEB), and 0.98 (Q). The integration of FBSE-TQWT with a fuzzy deep neural network represents a substantial advancement in ECG-based arrhythmia detection, offering improved accuracy, robustness, and clinical applicability, particularly in distinguishing minority classes such as supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEB) and fusion beats (F).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative magnetophoresis guided unidirectional cell patterning on culture surface","authors":"Melike Cagan-Algan ,&nbsp;Muge Anil-Inevi ,&nbsp;Seren Kecili ,&nbsp;Ece Inal ,&nbsp;H. Cumhur Tekin ,&nbsp;Gulistan Mese ,&nbsp;Engin Ozcivici","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cell patterning is a significant tool in tissue engineering, enabling the directed deposition of cells into specific locations to achieve biological relevance. Conventional cell patterning techniques often involve time-consuming modifications or bioprinting, potentially affecting cell viability. This study presents a novel, single-step magnetic patterning system for label-free linear cell patterning using negative magnetophoresis. A custom magnetic system and culture chamber enabled the rapid (3 h) imprinting of cells on a surface without substrate modification. This approach achieved linear patterns with a thickness of ∼1 mm using a safe concentration of a paramagnetic agent (5 mM Gadolinium chelate, Gadobutrol). The patterns maintained structural integrity for 48 h and were successfully combined with osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation protocols. This cost-effective and contactless manipulation technique holds promise for diverse applications in tissue engineering, drug discovery, and fundamental cell biology research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D printed titanium TPMS for personalised tibial bone implant","authors":"Martin Appiah ,&nbsp;Abul Arafat ,&nbsp;Abhishek Gupta ,&nbsp;Arun Arjunan ,&nbsp;Ahmad Baroutaji ,&nbsp;John Robinson ,&nbsp;Chameekara T. Wanniarachchi ,&nbsp;Manpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Neil Ashwood ,&nbsp;Aaron Vance","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous titanium scaffolds offer hope for reducing stress shielding and encouraging new bone growth, moving the field closer to personalised load bearing implants. This study explores four triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) tibial scaffolds informed by Gyroid (GSC), Lidinoid (LSC), Diamond (DSC), and Schwartz Primitive (SSC) unit cells. These scaffolds were made using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) 3D printing, with a targeted porosity of 60 % to closely match the mechanical behaviour of natural tibial bone. Mechanical testing of these scaffolds revealed an elastic modulus of 10.42 to 13.62 GPa and compressive strengths ranging from 209 to 393 MPa, meeting the requirements for load-bearing tibial implants. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, AHP and TOPSIS, were applied to evaluate the designs, considering four favourable factors of relative importance in the order porosity&gt;yield strength&gt;elastic modulus&gt;ultimate strength. This analysis identified SSC scaffold featuring Schwartz Primitive architecture as the most promising candidate for load-bearing applications. The biological compatibility of these scaffolds was also found to be equally compelling. In vitro testing with U-2OS osteosarcoma cells confirmed high cell viability, underscoring the cytocompatibility of these TPMS designs and reinforcing their potential for biomedical applications. Together, these findings offer a path toward the use of titanium scaffolds in orthopaedics, setting the stage for further in vivo studies and a potential breakthrough in functional bone implant design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}