Biomaterial investigations in dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Acrylic-based occlusal device materials - the influence of manufacturing techniques on material properties and the propensity for biofilm formation.","authors":"Ketil H Haugli, Jan Tore Samuelsen, Vigdis Aas, Inger S Dragland, Colin Charnock","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45909","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The material composition, manufacturing system, and post-processing steps used to fabricate acrylic-based occlusal devices may affect their clinical performance. This study aims to assess how manufacturing techniques and post-processing treatments influence the material properties of acrylic-based occlusal devices and the propensity of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> to form biofilms on the surfaces.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Based on applied manufacturing technique and post-processing treatment, disc‑shaped specimens were manufactured using four 3D printing workflows (Splint 2.0‑Asiga Flash/Otoflash (OF), and LT Clear‑Form Cure/OF), one milling workflow (Therapon), and one autopolymerization workflow (PalaXtreme). Water sorption and solubility, surface free energy (SFE), average surface roughness, and Vickers hardness were tested across these workflows. The ATCC 700610 <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> strain served as a model for biofilm formation on the material surfaces. Two biofilm methods were employed: a 24-hour bioreactor approach and a 72-hour culture plate approach. Biofilm was quantified as colony-forming units per cm².</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The Therapon and PalaXtreme workflows exhibited the lowest solubility, suggesting that these materials have the lowest release of material components in water. The Splint 2.0 workflows exhibited the lowest water sorption, indicating enhanced material integrity in humid conditions. Therapon showed the highest Vickers hardness, followed by PalaXtreme. The lower hardness of the print materials may make them susceptible to wear, which may not be optimal for treating patients with bruxism. No significant differences in SFE were observed between workflows. Low roughness values across all workflows indicate good polishability, which can enhance resistance to bacterial adhesion. In the 72-hour biofilm experiment, the Therapon workflow exhibited the most biofilm formation on material surfaces while PalaXtreme showed the least (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant differences between workflow groups were shown in the 24-hour biofilm experiment.In summary, material properties are influenced by material chemistry, manufacturing method, and associated post-processing treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45909"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food dye staining of dental composites: material variability and mouthwash-induced staining reversibility.","authors":"Burçin Deniz, Osman Tolga Harorlı","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45823","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Food dyes, widely used in consumables, may interact with polymeric materials, yet their staining effects on resin based dental composites remain underexplored. This <i>in vitro</i> study investigates the staining potential of five common water-soluble food dyes on contemporary dental composites and evaluates the efficacy of Listerine Advanced White mouthwash in reversing discolouration, using both colour difference and whiteness-based analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five synthetic dyes - Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, Ponceau 4R, Carmoisine, and Brilliant Blue - were tested on six resin composites: Charisma Smart, Estelite ∑ Quick, Filtek One Bulkfill, RubyFlow, Spectra SphereTEC High Viscosity (STHV), and Filtek Ultimate. Sixty disk-shaped samples (7 mm × 2 mm) per composite (<i>N</i> = 360) were immersed in dye solutions (50 mg/L) or distilled water (control) for 7 days. Colour changes were evaluated using the CIEDE2000 colour difference formula (ΔE₀₀) and the dental whiteness index (WI_D), calculated from Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*a*b* color space (CIELAB) coordinates obtained with a spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brilliant Blue exhibited the highest staining potential, producing ΔE₀₀ values exceeding the clinically unacceptable threshold (1.8) in all composites except Spectra STHV, and was also associated with the greatest changes in WI_D values. Other dyes caused variable and generally less pronounced changes in both ΔE₀₀ and WI_D. The whitening mouthwash partially reversed discolouration, reflected by significant increases in WI_D and reductions in ΔE₀₀, with significant recovery observed in Estelite, RubyFlow, and Filtek One (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Analysis of variance revealed significant effects of dye type, composite material, and treatment on both ΔE₀₀ and WI_D outcomes (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The colour stability and whiteness of dental resin composites are affected by synthetic food dyes in a material- and dye-dependent manner. Whitening mouthwash can partially restore both colour difference and whiteness; however, complete recovery to baseline values is generally not achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tongue stabilisation during CT simulation in radiotherapy using a customised dental biomaterial appliance: a case report.","authors":"Khalida Kamarudin, Muhammad Syahir Mohd Suhaimi, Nur Sabrina Zainol Abidin, Wan Adwaa Afiq Wan Zainalam","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45900","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Precise tongue stabilisation is essential during radiotherapy (RT) planning to ensure accurate target delineation in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Conventional tongue- depressing techniques can be difficult to apply in completely edentulous patients due to the absence of dentition and limited tongue control. This report aims to present a simple prosthodontic solution for effective tongue stabilisation during RT planning in an edentulous patient.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>A 72-year-old completely edentulous woman diagnosed with stage III (T3N0M0) well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the left side of the tongue was scheduled for definitive RT. Conventional tongue stabilisation methods failed during computed tomography (CT) simulation. A custom-designed clear acrylic resin intraoral appliance was fabricated to maintain a constant 1.5 cm distance between the tongue and the palate and to achieve reproducible tongue depression. Repeated CT simulations were performed to assess the consistency of tongue positioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The custom intraoral appliance provided stable and repeatable tongue positioning, allowing improved visualisation of the target volume and facilitating accurate RT planning. Consistent tongue depression was confirmed across repeated CT simulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed low-cost, custom-made prosthodontic appliance is an effective method for tongue stabilisation in edentulous patients undergoing head and neck RT. Its use can enhance treatment planning accuracy and may be beneficial in similar clinical situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45900"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148019072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of artificial aging on the color stability and translucency of ceramic laminate veneers using different glass and hybrid ceramic materials.","authors":"Ahmed Shams, Nesma Elgohary","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45798","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The color stability and translucency of contemporary Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) glass and hybrid ceramic materials used for minimally invasive laminate veneers remain a clinical concern, particularly after exposure to aging conditions simulating oral service. The purpose of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to investigate the influence of accelerated artificial aging on the color stability and translucency of ceramic laminate veneers fabricated from different glass and hybrid ceramic materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 40 composite resin discs (A2 dentin shade, 8.0 mm diameter × 4.0 mm thickness) were fabricated to simulate the normal dentin substrate. They were randomly assigned to four groups (<i>n</i> = 10) according to the ceramic veneering material: (EC) IPS e.max CAD, (CT) Cerec Tessera, (VE) Vita Enamic, and (CS) Cerasmart. Then, 40 disc-shaped ceramic veneers (0.5 mm thickness) were fabricated and adhesively cemented to the substrates. Baseline color and translucency parameters were measured using a digital spectrophotometer. After artificial thermomechanical aging, color differences (ΔE00), using the CIEDE2000 formula and translucency parameter (TP) were calculated. The resulting data were statistically analysed using repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (material × aging), followed by Post hoc Tukey test for multiple-group comparisons and Paired <i>t</i>-test for within-group comparisons, at <i>p</i>-value ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Artificial aging significantly affected color stability and translucency for all tested materials (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Glass ceramics (EC and CT) demonstrated lower ΔE₀₀ values within clinically acceptable limits, whereas hybrid ceramics (VE and CS), particularly CS, exhibited significantly higher color changes exceeding acceptability threshold. Translucency significantly decreased after aging for all materials (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Artificial thermomechanical aging adversely affected the optical properties of all tested ceramic laminate veneers. The hybrid ceramic materials, particularly CS, were the most affected by aging in terms of color stability, whereas the glass ceramic materials (EC and CT) exhibited superior color stability. A reduction in translucency was observed for all materials after aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45798"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic approaches to endodontic regeneration.","authors":"Samiya Riaz, Asmak Binti Abdul Samat, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Muhammad Sohail Zafar","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45704","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regenerative endodontics (REs) has redefined the management of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps by shifting the objective from simple disinfection to biologically driven root maturation and restoration of the dentine-pulp complex. A critical component of this process is the selection of intracanal medicaments that can effectively eliminate microbial infection while preserving the viability of stem cells required for regeneration. This narrative review evaluates the biological and antimicrobial performance of commonly used medicaments, particularly calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and discusses their role in RE procedures. A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between January 2000 and March 2025. Although Ca(OH)₂ remains widely used due to its antimicrobial properties and ability to promote hard tissue formation, concerns remain regarding its high alkalinity and potential adverse effects on stem cell survival. TAP, in contrast, appears to provide a more supportive environment for dental pulp stem cell proliferation and attachment but is associated with drawbacks such as tooth discoloration and antibiotic-related limitations. Emerging alternatives, including double antibiotic paste (DAP) and nano-modified calcium hydroxide formulations, aim to improve the balance between antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility. Overall, current evidence emphasizes the importance of optimizing medicament concentration and duration of application to enhance the predictability and long-term success of RE therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the remineralisation potential of biomimetic agents on phosphorylated dentine using SEM-EDX analysis: an in vitro study.","authors":"Maruthi Gupta, Annapoorna B M, Pravallika Chaluvadi, Rama Laxmi Koruprolu, Nikita Sebastian, Ram Sateesh Babu Mynam","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45797","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dentine remineralisation remains a clinical challenge due to its higher critical pH and complex organic matrix. Biomimetic strategies that replicate the role of non-collagenous proteins through phosphorylation have shown promise in promoting intrafibrillar mineralisation. Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) has been proposed as a phosphorylating agent capable of enhancing dentine remineralisation. This in vitro study aimed to comparatively evaluate the remineralisation potential of different biomimetic agents on artificially demineralised dentine using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>An in vitro study was conducted using 70 extracted human permanent teeth, which were sectioned to obtain coronal dentine discs. Baseline mineral content and surface morphology were assessed using SEM and EDX. Samples were subjected to pH cycling to induce demineralisation and randomly assigned to four groups: Group A - theobromine, Group B - Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), Group C - Novamin and Group D - Artificial saliva. Each group was further subdivided based on STPP application (<i>n</i> = 10). Remineralisation protocols were carried out for 7 and 21 days, followed by SEM and EDX evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All specimens demonstrated significant mineral loss following demineralisation. Experimental groups showed progressive remineralisation over time compared to the control. STPP-treated subgroups exhibited greater mineral deposition and improved surface morphology. Among the tested agents, CPP-ACP combined with STPP demonstrated the highest calcium and phosphorus content, with EDX values exceeding baseline reference levels at 21 days. CPP-ACP + STPP showed significantly higher remineralisation compared to Novamin, theobromine, and the control groups at days 7 and 21 (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phosphorylation of dentine using STPP enhances the remineralisation efficacy of biomimetic agents. CPP-ACP in combination with STPP showed superior remineralisation potential. These findings support the use of phosphorylating biomaterials as promising strategies for dentine remineralisation. However, the findings are limited by the in vitro design and require clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TheraCal LC versus Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for full pulpotomy in cariously exposed mature permanent molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Vignesh Ravi, Ritu Namdev, Ruchi Singhal, Madhur Sharma, Charu Dayma, Asha Rani","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45702","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preserving pulp vitality is crucial for long-term tooth survival. Pulpotomy, which involves the removal of infected pulp while retaining healthy pulp, helps maintain tooth vitality and function. Although TheraCal LC has shown success as a pulp-capping agent, its use in pulpotomy remains unexplored. This study compared the clinical and radiographic success of TheraCal LC and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in full pulpotomy of mature permanent molars in young patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this double-blinded, parallel, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial, 72 healthy children (aged 9-14, mean age = 11.72 ± 1.35 years) with cariously exposed mature permanent molars diagnosed with SIP were randomly assigned to receive either TheraCal LC or MTA (<i>n</i> = 36 each). Follow-ups were conducted up to 12 months. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Kaplan-Meier tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months, MTA showed significantly higher success (ITT - Intention to Treat: 94.4%, PP - Per Protocol: 100%) compared to TheraCal LC (ITT: 75%, PP: 79.4%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Seven failures occurred in the TheraCal LC group; none in the MTA group. Two patients in each group were lost to follow-up. Pain scores were significantly lower in the MTA group on days 1, 3, and 5 (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MTA demonstrated superior outcomes over TheraCal LC for full pulpotomy in young, mature permanent molars with SIP.</p><p><strong>Statement of clinical relevance: </strong>The use of MTA in pulpotomy procedures for mature permanent molars with SIP results in enhanced clinical success rates when compared to TheraCal LC, offering valuable insight for evidence-based treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear bond strength of rebonded metal brackets using four light-curing resins: an in vitro study.","authors":"Verónica Estefanía Pozo, Mauricio Aguirre Balseca, Marjory Elizabeth Vaca Zapata, Karina Maria Salvatore Freitas, Johanna Elizabeth Fiallos Sanchez","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45703","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rebonding of orthodontic brackets requires effective surface conditioning to restore adequate adhesive retention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of rebonded metal brackets using four light-curing resins.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Eighty premolars were allocated to two conditioning protocols (<i>n</i> = 40 per group): G1 - enamel etching with 37% phosphoric acid; G2 - sandblasting of bracket bases followed by enamel etching. Each group was subdivided according to the resin used (<i>n</i> = 10 per subgroup): Orthocem (FGM), Bracespace (3M), Transbond XT (3M), and Z250 (3M). Brackets were bonded, debonded, reconditioned, and rebonded. SBS was tested using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the acid-etched group, there was no statistically significant difference in SBS among the four resins (Kruskal-Wallis, <i>p</i> = 0.097). In the sandblasting group, a significant intergroup difference was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.044). Dunn's post-hoc test identified higher SBS for Bracespace (3M) and Transbond XT (3M) compared with Orthocem (FGM) and Z250 (3M). When comparing conditioning methods within each resin, sandblasting of the bracket bases resulted in significantly higher SBS only for Bracespace and Transbond XT, whereas Orthocem and Z250 showed no significant change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rebonding of metal brackets showed comparable SBS among resins after acid etching. However, when the bracket bases were sandblasted, Bracespace and Transbond exhibited significantly higher bond strengths. Surface preparation of the bracket base is therefore a key factor influencing SBS in rebonding procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the remineralisation potential and clinical evidence of emerging biocompatible materials in restorative dentistry: a systematic review.","authors":"Duraiarasan Isaiselvi, Kariannan Partheeban Indumathi, Siluvai Sibyl, Govindaraj Krishnaprakash","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45679","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biocompatible materials with remineralising and regenerative properties are now being increasingly used in restorative dentistry as possible materials in place of conventional agents. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the laboratory remineralisation potential and available clinical evidence of emerging biocompatible, non-fluoridated materials used in restorative dentistry. Patient-reported outcomes were explored where reported.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review was performed on relevant databases as PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost and Scopus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 8 in vivo and 23 in vitro studies were included. Self-assembling peptide P11-4 (SAP P11-4) and chitosan-based materials demonstrated consistent remineralisation benefits, predominantly in laboratory studies, with limited supporting clinical evidence. Risk of bias was moderate for in vitro studies and low-to-some concerns for in vivo studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-assembling peptides and chitosan-based biomaterials show promising potential, though current evidence is largely laboratory-based and requires further clinical validation. Further well-designed clinical trials are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13093248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of hyaluronic acid in peri-implantitis treatment: a systematic review of clinical, radiographic, and biological outcomes.","authors":"Raid Khayat","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45746","DOIUrl":"10.2340/biid.v13.45746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review evaluated the impact of adjunctive hyaluronic acid (HA) on outcomes in the management of peri-implantitis, while characterizing the various protocols and formulations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a search was conducted across five databases up to February 10, 2025 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized clinical studies including controlled studies and case series. A dual-pass screening and data extraction process was employed to ensure data accuracy. The risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2, Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions-I, and Joanna Briggs Institute tools. The certainty of evidence for key outcomes was graded with the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies (four RCTs, one controlled pilot study with a split-mouth design, and one prospective case series) with 110 patients were included; sample sizes ranged from 5 to 63 participants, and follow-up periods ranged from 15 days to 12 months. The findings were heterogeneous; while some studies demonstrated statistically significant improvements in probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP), other studies reported no significant difference compared to controls. Marginal bone loss (MBL) outcomes were inconsistent. HA demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing interleukin-1 beta levels and showed some benefits against the peri-implantitis-associated bacterial community.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adjunctive HA is associated with favorable effects on PPD and BOP, but with a low certainty of evidence, and may have a benefit in decreasing the levels of early-colonizing bacteria. Significant improvement in MBL was associated only with surgical approaches but with a very low certainty of evidence. The high degree of heterogeneity in study design, HA formulations, and treatment protocols, coupled with a high risk of bias, makes it difficult to draw a definitive conclusion. Well-designed RCTs are required to establish the clinical role of HA in the management of peri-implantitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}