Biomaterial investigations in dentistry最新文献

{"title":"<i>Streptococcus mutans</i> levels in patients who received orthodontic brackets bonded using probiotic impregnated resin composite - a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Krishnaraj Rajaram,&nbsp;Poornima R Jnaneshwar,&nbsp;Azmina Idaayath,&nbsp;Ravi Kannan","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2023.2195877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2023.2195877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the effect of impregnating an orthodontic resin composite with probiotic bacteria (<i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG) on the levels of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>) in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Thirty patients were randomly selected and allotted by block randomization to two groups: an experimental group, who received brackets bonded with probiotic impregnated resin composite and a control group, who received brackets bonded with conventional light cure resin composite. Plaque samples were collected before (ET0 and CT0) and two months (ET1 and CT1) after bonding. Levels of <i>S. mutans</i> were assessed using the colony count method. Two months after bonding of the brackets, the <i>S. mutans</i> levels had decreased with statistical significance in the experimental group (<i>p</i> = 0.001), but not in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.137). Impregnation of resin composite with probiotic bacteria for the purpose of preventing formation of white spot lesions on enamel holds promise. Long-term evaluation would be necessary to provide confirmatory results.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"2195877"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/a5/IABO_10_2195877.PMC10120565.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9388447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological aspects of modern dental composites.","authors":"Jan Tore Samuelsen,&nbsp;Jon E Dahl","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2023.2223223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2023.2223223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological evaluation of resin-based dental composites has traditionally been based on in vitro endpoint tests with different methods to determine loss of cell viability and cell morphology changes after exposure to the material or monomer constituents. The data reveals a potential for biological effects, but clinical relevance of such data is limited. Positive allergy tests and allergic clinical reactions to dental monomers are observed in dental personnel and patients. The aim of this review is to address newer research on molecular events caused by exposure to resin-based composites to have a better understanding of the potential for clinical adverse effects. A more accurate understanding of the biological aspects of dental composite materials has been found after studying parameters like glutathione depletion, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and immunomodulatory key effects in various cell culture models. Using omics-based approaches allow for a broader and non-specified search of changes caused by methacrylate exposure. Defense mechanisms and adaption are observed in cells exposed to monomer concentrations relevant to clinical exposure. The above-mentioned methods are the foundations for modified testing strategies. The clinical relevance of most available in vitro endpoint tests is of limited relevance for the patient. Research focusing on molecular mechanisms has given new insight into methacrylate toxicity in exposed cells. Using this knowledge from mechanistic studies to develop standardized in vitro biocompatibility tests will likely improve their clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"2223223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c4/08/IABO_10_2223223.PMC10281392.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An <i>in-vitro</i> analysis to evaluate the disinfection effectiveness of Cold Atmospheric Pressure (CAP) plasma jet in <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> infected root canals.","authors":"Pravin Kumar,&nbsp;P Soundharrajan,&nbsp;Ram Prakash,&nbsp;Sarika Prabhakar Kombade,&nbsp;Pankaj Yadav,&nbsp;Ankita Chugh,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Patnana","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2023.2193214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2023.2193214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cold Atmospheric Pressure (CAP) plasma has shown successful antibacterial efficacy in different medical applications which have prompted researchers to explore its possible use in endodontics. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the disinfection effectiveness of CAP Plasma jet with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and Qmix in <i>Enterococcus Faecalis</i> infected root canals at different time intervals (2, 5, and 10 min). 210 single-rooted mandibular premolars were chemomechanically prepared and infected with <i>E. faecalis</i>. The test samples were exposed to CAP Plasma jet, 5.25% NaOCl, and Qmix for 2, 5, and 10 min. The residual bacteria from the root canals if any were collected and evaluated for colony-forming units (CFUs) growth. ANOVA and Tukey's tests were used to evaluate the significant difference between treatment groups. 5.25% NaOCl showed significantly more antibacterial effectiveness (<0.001) when compared with all other test groups except Qmix at 2 and 10 min of exposure time. A minimum contact time of 5 min with 5.25% NaOCl is recommended to get zero bacterial growth in <i>E. faecalis</i> infected root canals. QMix requires a minimum contact time of 10 min to achieve optimal CFUs reduction and CAP plasma jet requires a minimum contact time of 5 min to achieve substantial CFUs reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"2193214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10124976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9725818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A step toward bio-inspired dental composites.","authors":"Janine Tiu,&nbsp;Renan Belli,&nbsp;Ulrich Lohbauer","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2022.2150625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2022.2150625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This feasibility study aimed to develop a new composite material of aligned glass flakes in a polymer resin matrix inspired by the biological composite nacre. The experimental composite was processed by an adapted method of pressing a glass flake and resin monomer system. By pressing and allowing the excess monomer to flow out, the long axis of the flakes was aligned. The resultant anisotropic composite with silanized and non-silanized glass flakes were subjected to fracture toughness tests. We observed increasing fracture toughness with increasing crack extension (Δ<i>a</i>) known as resistance curve (R-curve) behavior. Silanized specimens had higher stress intensity K_R-Δ<i>a</i> over non-silanized specimens, whereas non-silanized specimens had a much lower Young's modulus, and higher nonlinear plastic-elastic J_R-Δ<i>a</i> R-curve. In comparison with conventional composites, flake-reinforced composites can sustain continued crack growth for more significant extensions. The primary toughening mechanism seen in flake-reinforced composites was crack deviation and crack branching. We produced an anisotropic model of glass flake-reinforced composite showing elevated toughening potential and a prominent R-curve effect. The feasibility of flake reinforcement of dental composites has been shown using a relatively efficient method. The use of a biomimetic, nacre-inspired reinforcement concept might guide further research toward improvement of dental restorative materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9131439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of biological effects of HEMA in 3D-organotypic co-culture models of normal and malignant oral keratinocytes.","authors":"Sunita Sharma,&nbsp;Qalbi Khan,&nbsp;Olaf Joseph Franciscus Schreurs,&nbsp;Dipak Sapkota,&nbsp;Jan Tore Samuelsen","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2023.2234400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2023.2234400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several <i>in vitro</i> studies utilizing 2-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems have linked 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with cytotoxic effects in oral mucosa and dental pulp cells. Although such studies are invaluable in dissecting the cellular and molecular effects of HEMA, there is a growing interest in the utilization of appropriate 3-dimensional (3D) models that mimic the structure of oral mucosa. Using a previously characterized 3D-organotypic co-culture model, this study aimed to investigate the cellular and molecular effects of HEMA on a 3D-co-culture model consisting of primary normal oral keratinocyte (NOK) grown directly on top of collagen I gel containing primary oral fibroblasts (NOF). The second aim was to examine the suitability of a 3D-co-culture system consisting of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells as a model system to investigate the biological effects of HEMA. We demonstrated that HEMA treatment led to reduced viability of NOK, NOF and OSCC-cell lines in 2D-culture. The keratinocytes in 3D-co-cultures of NOK and OSCC-cells reacted similarly with respect to cell proliferation and activation of autophagy flux, to HEMA treatment. Nevertheless, NOK was found to be more susceptible to apoptosis following HEMA treatment than OSCC in 3D-co-cultures. These results indicate that 3D-organotypic co-cultures of NOK might represent an appropriate model system for the investigation of the biological effects of HEMA and other dental biomaterials. Given the challenges in obtaining primary cultures of NOK and issues associated with their rapid differentiation in culture, the possible use of OSCC cells as an alternative to NOK for 3D models represents an area for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"2234400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10348043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10192429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride exchange by glass-ionomer dental cements and its clinical effects: a review.","authors":"John W Nicholson,&nbsp;Sharanbir K Sidhu,&nbsp;Beata Czarnecka","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2023.2244982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2023.2244982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The topic of fluoride release and uptake by glass-ionomer (glass polyalkenoate) dental cements is reviewed. The study was based on a literature search carried out using PubMed. The main key words used were <i>glass-ionomer</i> and <i>fluoride</i>, and further refinements were made by adding the keywords <i>anti-microbial</i>, <i>anti-caries</i> and <i>remineralization</i>. Papers were selected from the initial search, which concentrated on fundamental aspects of fluoride release, including kinetics and the influence of the cement composition, and resulting clinical performance against caries. Other relevant papers were cited where they added useful and relevant data. From these published papers, it was possible to explain the detailed mechanism of fluoride release by glass-ionomer cements and also its uptake. Fluoride release has been shown to be a two-step process. In neutral solutions, the steps can be divided into early wash-out and long-term diffusion. In acid conditions, the early wash-out remains, though with greater amounts of fluoride released, and the long-term release becomes one of slow dissolution. The effect of fluoride on the viability of oral micro-organisms has been described, and glass-ionomers have been shown to release sufficient fluoride to reduce the size and viability of adjacent populations of oral bacteria. The effect of low levels of fluoride on the remineralization of tooth tissue has been considered. Levels needed to increase remineralization are much lower than those needed to adversely affect oral bacteria, from which we conclude that glass-ionomers release sufficient fluoride to promote remineralization. Despite this, there remains uncertainty about their overall contribution to sound oral health, given the widespread use of other sources of fluoride, such as toothpastes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"2244982"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10444020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10197221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of adhesive application errors on dentin bond strength of resin composite.","authors":"Benjamin Michael Schärer,&nbsp;Anne Peutzfeldt","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2022.2138405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2022.2138405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: To investigate the impact of adhesive application errors on dentin bond strength of resin composite. <b>Material and Methods</b>: 165 extracted permanent human molars were ground to mid-coronal dentin. The dentin specimens were treated with one of three adhesive systems (OptiBond FL, Clearfil SE, Scotchbond Universal) either according to manufacturer's instructions or with systematic errors in the application procedure and before application of resin composite (Filtek Z250). After storage (37 °C, 100% humidity, 24 h) shear bond strength (SBS) was measured and data analysed with either one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey tests (OptiBond FL, Scotchbond Universal, control groups) or Kruskal-Wallis followed by Wilcoxon tests (Clearfil SE). Finally, the failure mode of all specimens was assessed. <b>Results</b>: With OptiBond FL and Clearfil SE omitted application (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001) as well as no evaporation (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) of the solvents in the primer significantly reduced the SBS. Omitted application of the adhesive, respectively the bond, had a negative influence on the SBS of Clearfil SE (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), but not of OptiBond FL (<i>p</i> = 0.776). With Scotchbond Universal, no evaporation of the solvents (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) as well as no light-cure (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) had a significant negative influence on the SBS. Using the adhesive systems according to manufacturer's instructions, Clearfil SE achieved significantly lower SBS than OptiBond FL and Scotchbond Universal (<i>p</i> = 0.0027). Adhesive failure at the dentin surface was generally the most frequent failure mode observed. <b>Conclusion</b>: All three adhesive systems tested were sensitive to application errors. For optimal result and longest possible durability of resin restorations, clinicians should strictly adhere to the manufacturer's instructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"101-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9648378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40692744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-implant bone resorption risk of anterior maxilla narrow single implants: a finite-element analysis.","authors":"Ivan Onone Gialain,&nbsp;Leonardo Folmer Rodrigues da Silva,&nbsp;Marlene Kasumi Gantier Takano,&nbsp;Rafael Yagüe Ballester,&nbsp;Marina Guimarães Roscoe,&nbsp;Josete Barbosa Cruz Meira","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2022.2135516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2022.2135516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Statement of the problem:</b> Narrow implants have been recommended in high esthetic demand regions to ensure greater buccal bone thickness (BBT) and minimize soft-tissue recession due to insufficient bone support. However, a limited area of bone-implant interface can increase the risk of peri-implant bone resorption due to occlusal forces. <b>Purpose:</b> This article encourages the use of evidence-based finite element analysis to optimize the aesthetic outcomes in maxillary lateral incisor single-supported implant crown by accurate biomechanical planning. This study aimed to analyze the best implant dimensions that would preserve the maximum BBT and avoid peri-implant bone resorption due to occlusal forces. <b>Materials and methods:</b> A maxilla segment was constructed based on anthropological measurements. Four implant diameters (Ø = 3.25; 3.50; 3.75 or 4.00 mm) and two lengths (<i>L</i> = 10 or 13 mm) were simulated. The occlusal force parameters were defined to simulate clinical conditions. The bone resorption risk analysis was based on Frost's mechanostat theory altering the strain output to strain energy density (SED). The peri-implant bone resorption risk indexes (PIBR_ri) were calculated by dividing the average of the top ten SED elements of the cortical and trabecular buccal wall by the pathologic resorption limit for each bone. <b>Results:</b> For trabecular bone, only the model Ø4.00_L13 exhibited a low PIBR_ri. For cortical bone, all models presented a low PIBR_ri, except for models Ø3.25. <b>Conclusion:</b> The selection of a 3.25 mm dental implant to preserve a 2 mm BBT should be avoided since it generates a high peri-implant bone resorption risk induced by occlusal overload.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9621276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40663434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography systems for evaluation of marginal and internal fit of ceramic reconstructions.","authors":"Hiba Al-Imam, Ana R Benetti, Pete Tomlins, Klaus Gotfredsen","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2022.2122468","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26415275.2022.2122468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the marginal and internal fit of lithium disilicate and zirconia crowns using two optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems in order to estimate inter-system variations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ten lithium disilicate and 10 cubic stabilized zirconia crowns were placed on prepared artificial teeth without cement. Marginal discrepancy and internal cement gap of the crowns were assessed on images obtained using a swept source OCT (SS-OCT) and a spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT). Medians and interquartile ranges were calculated for both materials and OCT systems. Thereafter, Wilcoxon signed rank test was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was found between the two OCT systems for absolute marginal discrepancy of either lithium disilicate (SS-OCT: 182 µm, SD-OCT: 214 µm; <i>p</i> = .922) or zirconia crowns (SS-OCT: 116 µm, SD-OCT: 121 µm; <i>p</i> = .232). Regarding internal cement gap, no significant difference was found between the two OCT systems for lithium disilicate crowns (SS-OCT: 128 µm, SD-OCT: 128 µm; <i>p</i> = .064). However, for zirconia crowns the SD-OCT showed significantly higher (<i>p</i> = .027) internal cement gap (92 µm) than the SS-OCT (68 µm). Moreover, it was not possible to assess the internal fit of zirconia crowns in 47% and 34% of the sites using SD-OCT and SS-OCT, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant difference was noted in the ability of SS-OCT and SD-OCT to assess the marginal and internal fit of lithium disilicate crowns, nor the marginal fit of zirconia crowns. On the contrary, drawbacks regarding the assessment of internal fit of zirconia crowns using both OCT systems were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9543067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33515668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple AI-enabled method for quantifying bacterial adhesion on dental materials.","authors":"Hao Ding,&nbsp;Yunzhen Yang,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Gary Shun-Pan Cheung,&nbsp;Jukka Pekka Matinlinna,&nbsp;Michael Burrow,&nbsp;James Kit-Hon Tsoi","doi":"10.1080/26415275.2022.2114479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26415275.2022.2114479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Measurement of bacterial adhesion has been of great interest for different dental materials. Various methods have been used for bacterial counting; however, they are all indirect measurements with estimated results and therefore cannot truly reflect the adhesion status. This study provides a new direct measurement approach by using a simple artificial intelligence (AI) method to quantify the initial bacterial adhesion on different dental materials using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P.g.</i>) and <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> (<i>F.n.</i>) were used for bacterial adhesion on dental zirconia surfaces, and the adhesion was evaluated using SEM images at time points of one, seven, and 24 h(s). Image pre-processing and bacterial area measurement were performed using Fiji software with a machine learning plugin. The same AI method was also applied on SEM with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S.m.</i>) inoculated PMMA nano-structured surface at 1, 24, 72, and 168 h(s), and then further compared with the CLSM method. <b>Results:</b> For both <i>P.g.</i> and <i>F.n.</i> initiation adhesion on zirconia, a new linear correlation (r² > 0.98) was found between bacteria adhered area and time, such that: <math><msqrt><mi>b</mi> <mi>acteria</mi> <mi> </mi> <mi>adhered</mi> <mi> </mi> <mi>area</mi> <mi> </mi> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mi>m</mi> <mi>m</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo>)</mo></msqrt> <mo>∝</mo> <mrow><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow><mo>(</mo> <mi>time</mi> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </mrow> </math> For S.m. on PMMA surface, live/dead staining CLSM method and the newly proposed AI method on SEM images were strongly and positively associated (Pearson's correlation coefficient <i>r</i> > 0.9), i.e. both methods are comparable. <b>Conclusions:</b> SEM images can be analyzed directly for both morphology and quantifying bacterial adhesion on different dental materials' surfaces by the simple AI-enabled method with reduced time, cost, and labours.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9448434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33454543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}